GANPAT UNIVERSITY

U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 1 Introduction

A. Theory
Part: I Seismic Design Philosophy
1. Differentiate following
i. Earthquake Proof Structure and Earthquake Resistant Structure
ii. Strength and Stiffness
iii. Ductility and Flexibility
2. Give four virtue of good earthquake resistant building.
3. Explain seismic design philosophy and capacity design concept.
4. Explanatory note on :
i. Inertia forces in structure
ii. Effect of deformation in structures
iii. Flow of inertia forces to foundation
5. Write short note on:
a. Horizontal and Vertical shaking
b. Architectural Features
c. Earthquake Resistant design of Buildings
d. Oscillation of flexible buildings
e. Indian Seismic Codes
f. Pounding
g. Shear Wall and it’s advantage for RC Building
h. Improve design strategies of open ground storey building
6. Why a building twists during earthquakes? How it can avoid?
7. Explain different building respond differently to same ground vibration.
8. Behavior of open ground storey building during the earthquake explain its.
9. Note down short column behavior of RC building during the earthquake and
also suggest solution for its.
10. Detail explanatory note of Ductile design of shear walls as per IS 13920-1993
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 1 Introduction

Part: II Seismic Effects on Masonry Structures

1. Discuss merits and demerits of masonry construction.
2. Discuss behavior of brick masonry construction during earthquake.
3. How to improve behavior of masonry walls?
4. Explain choice and quality of building materials.

Part: III Seismic Effects on Stone Masonry Buildings

1. Discuss behavior of stone masonry building during past Indian earthquake.
2. How to make an earthquake resistant features of stone masonry building?

Part: IV Seismic Effects on Reinforced Concrete Buildings

1. Explain roles of floor slabs and masonry walls during the earthquakes.
2. Why horizontal earthquake effects are different in reinforced concrete building?
3. Beam sustain two basic types of failure during the earthquake its.
4. Explain possible earthquake damage in columns of RC buildings.
5. Write a short note on :
a. Strength Hiearchy
b. Reinforcement and Seismic damage
c. Design strategy in beam
d. Design strategy in column.

Part: V Behavior of Beam and Column Joints

1. Explain in detail earthquake behavior of beam column joints.
2. Why beam column joints are special in RC buildings?
3. Write a short note on:
i. Reinforcing the beam - column joints
ii. Anchoring Beam Bars
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 1 Introduction

Part: VI Base Isolation Systems

1. Why earthquake effects are to be reduced?
2. Write a short note on:
a. Base Isolation
b. Seismic Dampers
c. Base Isolation in real Buildings
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 2 Earthquake Basics

A. Theory
1. Draw neat sketches of seismograph and enlist its components
2. Define tectonic plates.
3. What is fault? Explain various types of faults.
4. Write short note on:
i. Elastic Rebound Theory
ii. The earth and its interior, then its circulation
iii. Characteristics of strong ground motions.
iv. Seismic zones on India
5. Describe Seismic waves briefly.
6. Basic difference between magnitude and intensity.
7. Define terminology :
a. Epicenter
b. Aftershock
c. Focus
d. Main Shock
e. Focal depth
f. Epicentral Distance
g. Accelerogram
8. Give classification of earthquakes.
9. Specify different scales used to measure magnitude and intensity of earthquake.
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 3 Fundamental of Earthquake Vibration of Buildings

A. Theory
1 What is vibration? Explain different types of vibration.
2 What is damping? Explain types of damping.
3 Explain: (i) Under damped system, (ii) Critical damped system, (iii) Over
damped system
4 Write short note on Degree of Freedom (DOF).
5 Explain D’Alembert’s principle.
6 Derive the equation for the single degree of free-undamped vibration system.
7 Derive the equation for the single degree of free-damped vibration system.
8 Define mathematical model and its elements.
9 Assumption made in Mathematical model.
10 Classification of loads
11 Method of seismic analysis process. Code based procedure for seismic
Analysis.
12 Method of seismic Design. Code based Methods for seismic design.
13 Define the following term:
Static Load, Dynamic Load, Free Vibration, Forced Vibration, Vibration,
Frequency, Time Period, Natural Frequency, Resonance Frequency
14. Write short note on Logarithmic Decrement.

B. Example
1. A harmonic motion has a maximum velocity of 10 m/s and it has a natural
frequency of 12 Hz. Determine its amplitude, its time period and its maximum
acceleration.
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 3 Fundamental of Earthquake Vibration of Buildings

2 A system with a natural frequency of 6 Hz starts with initial amplitude of 2 cm

and an initial velocity of 25 cm/s. Determine the natural period, amplitude,
maximum velocity and maximum acceleration.

3 A cantilever beam 3m long supports a mass of 500 kg at its upper end. Find the
natural period and natural frequency. E= 2.1 x 106 kg/cm2 and I=1300 cm4.

4 A simply supported rectangular beam has a span 1 m. It is 100 mm wide and 10

mm deep. It is connected at mid span of beam by means of a linear spring
having a stiffness of 100 kg/cm and a mass of 300 kg is attached at the other
end of spring. Determine the natural frequency of the system. Take E=2.1x106
kg/cm2.
5 Calculate the equivalent stiffness of a spring, natural frequency, time period for
following figures:
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 4 Design of Buildings

A. Theory

1 Explain “Rigid floor diaphragm”.

2 Define Centre of mass and Centre of stiffness.
3 What is the moment resisting frame?
4 Explain torsionally uncouple and couple system?
5 Define the following term:
Earthquake Proof Structure, Earthquake Resistant Structure, Strength, Stiffness,
Ductility
6 Write short note on Ductile detailing of RC Building.
7 Define OMRF and SMRF
8 Assumption made in Portal frame method.
9 Assumption made in Cantilever method.

B. Example
1. Estimate the design lateral forces and show its distribution for a multistory
residential building by seismic co-efficient method, having following details.
Consider earthquake force in X and Y direction. And draw diagram for storey
lateral force distribution & storey shear. (Use IS: 1893:2002)
No. of bays along X-direction- 5 @ 6m c/c
No. of bays along Y-direction- 4 @ 5m c/c
Slab thickness = 120mm
Column size = 600mm × 600mm
Beam size = 230mm × 500mm
Location of the building = Rajkot.
Height: - G+9 Storey @ 3m ht. floor to floor.
Walls: - All brick masonry walls.
All external walls 230mm thick.
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 4 Design of Buildings

All interior walls 150mm thick.

All parapet walls 230mm thick. (Height of parapet wall= 1m)
Floor finishes:-
1 kN/m2 for all floors.
1.5 kN/m2 for terrace.
Type of soil:- Medium soil
Take imposed load 2.5 kN/m2
Take density of concrete 25 kN/m3 and density of brick wall 20 kN/m3
2. Locate the Centre of mass of the floor shown in figure below.
10 m

1500 Kg/m2
12 m
1800Kg/m2 8m

25 m

3. For G+2 Residential building frame located in zone-III, lumped mass and storey
stiffness of floors are as given below in table. Using Response Spectrum Method,
find lateral forces at each floor level for all modes. And draw mode shapes. Use IS
1893:2002
Storey Lumped Mass Stiffness
5 X 105 N/m
st
1 6 TONNE
2nd 6 TONNE 5 X 105 N/m
3rd 5 TONNE 5 X 105 N/m
4. Analyse the building frame shown in figure (a) by portal method and draw SFD,
BMD & AFD.
5. Analyse the building frame shown in figure (b) by cantilever method and draw
SFD, BMD & AFD.
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 4 Design of Buildings

6. Calculate the lateral force in the walls of the one storey building due to a lateral
force of 350 kN applied in Y-direction and 250 kN in X-direction and passing
through the centre of mass. The roof diaphragm is rigid in its own plane and mass
at the roof is uniformly distributed. Check for torsionally couple-uncouple

1.2K

1.5K 1.3K
15 m 2K
1.4K

20 m 30 m

50 kN 20 kN
4m 4m

100 kN 25 kN

4m 4m
80 kN 25 kN

4m 4m

4m 4m 4m 4m 4m 4m
Fig.(a) Fig.(b)
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 5 Special Topics

A. Theory
Part:1 Soil Liquefaction
1. What is soil liquefaction? Explain theory of liquefaction in detail.
2. What are the causes and effects of liquefaction?
3. Discuss various factors affecting liquefaction characteristics.
4. What are the preventive measures for liquefaction?

Part:2 Structural Control and Seismic Strengthening

1. What do you mean by structural control? Distinguish between active and
passive control.
2. Explain: Repair, Restoration and Retrofitting.
3. Explain with neat sketch “Column Jacketing”.
4. Explain with neat sketch “Beam Jacketing”.
5. Discuss various repair materials used for repairs of the earthquake damaged
structures.
6. Explain step by step procedure for repair of small and large cracks.
7. Explain crack repair by grouting.
8. Explain crack repair by epoxy injection grouting.
9. Explain crack repair by drilling and plugging.
 GANPAT UNIVERSITY
U.V.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2CI 708 (EP-I) DESIGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURE-I
TUTORIAL NO: 6 Earthquake Resistant Masonry Features

A. Theory
1. Explain box action of masonry walls.
2. How does the opening in walls affect the performance of building during
earthquake?
3. Define bands. At what level in masonry would you provide them? Give
justifications for each of them.
4. Design of lintel bands. Also explain as per Indian Standards.
5. Enumerate various failure mechanism of masonry building.
6. Strong bricks and weak mortar are recommended for masonry buildings. Why?
7. How vertical reinforcement helps in brick masonry wall during earthquake?
8. How to protect of openings in wall?