Theory Assignment #1: In Your Own Words
Child Development 210 Sister Eagar
Please associate major developmental theorists with their constructs: concepts, models, and key ideas.
Theory Psychoanalytic
Sigmund Freud
Theorist(s) Erik Erikson
Key concept: Childhood’s
Constructs natural drives are the main
More than influence in human
Table 2.4 behavior
Freud: sex drives of
various body parts
0-1 Oral stage
1-3 anal stage
3-6 phallic stage
6-11 latency stage
11-adulthood genital stage
Erickson: family
relationships
0-1 trust vs mistrust
1-3 autonomy vs shame
and doubt
3-6 initiative vs guilt
6-11 industry vs inferiority
Adolescence identity vs
role confusion
Adulthood intimacy vs
isolation
Generativity vs stagnation
Behaviorism
Ivan Pavlov
John Watson
BF Skinner
Key concept: the study of
learned behavior
Classical conditioning: a
neutral situation is turned
into a stimulus (ex.
Pavlov’s dogs)
Operant conditioning:
people connect results of
actions as being pleasant
or unpleasant
Social learning theory:
people learn by watching
others model behaviors
If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough. -Albert Einstein
Cognitive
Jean Piaget
Key concept: as humans
grow and change, their
though processes do as
well and go through
stages of development
0-2 Sensorimotor (ex.
realization of objects)
2-6 Preoperational
(imagination)
6-11 Concentrate
Operational (logic)
12-Adulthood Formal
Operational (ethics and
morals)
Name:___Julia Gleason_____________
Sociocultural
Lev Vygotsky
Key concept: they way we
think if affected by the
people and culture
around us
Guided Participation:
children learn best when
guided by an adult in a
new task
Zone of Proximal
Development: the level
that the person can best
learn new things using
guided participation
Humanism
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow
Key concept: all humans
search for truth and
morals. They are always
trying to progress
Humans seek to be
“enlightened”
Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs:
1.Physiological
2. Safety
3. Love and Belonging
4. Esteem
5. Self-actualization
-People need to achieve
one need before they
can move to the next
 Integrity vs despair

Nurture or Freud-nature nurture nature nurture nature

Nature Erickson-nurture

Depiction of Toddlers start to become People associate the Young children often play Parents play with their Religion is very
What People potty trained, and honking of a horn with the pretend because their children to guide them in important in many
Do teenagers test sexual need to pay attention imagination is thriving how to use toys people’s lives
limits Teachers use positive Children in grade school Teachers will guide their Learning is a top priority
reinforcement stickers to begin to learn how to beginner readers by for the majority of
encourage good grades preform mathematics sounding out words with humans
Children watch their them
parents order food to earn
how