NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

 They are quit (People may not hear them coming)

Element 1: Movement of People and Materials Driver Selection

 Suitable age
Hazards to Pedestrians  Medical examination
 Slips, trips and falls on same level  Routine medical checks at regular intervals
 Falls from Height  Assessment after prolonged absences
 Collisions with moving vehicles  Capable of Training
 Refresher Training
Precautions for accident on Staircases
Safety of pedestrian in vehicle moving areas
 Removal of obstructions
 Provision of non-slip surfaces  Segregation
 Reflective edging  Suitable parking areas
 Adequate lighting  Avoid reversing if possible
 Effective maintenance  One- way systems
 Use of Signs  Avoid sharp or blind bends
 Width  Sufficiently wide entrances and gateways
 Provision of handrails  Vision Aids
 Dimensions treads and risers  Speed limits
 Landings  Signalers (Bankmens)
 Consider disabled persons  Protection from fumes
 Avoid the need to carry heavy objects up and down  Protection from materials falling off
 High visibility jackets
 Causes of Accidents on walkways almost the same

 Accidents on walkways on staircases opposite of above Element 2: Manual and Mechanical Handling Hazards

Hazards of Fork Trucks Manual Handling Injuries

 Overturning  External: Cuts, bruises, contusions, abrasions, crush
 Overloading injuries (Fractures)
 Loss of loads  Internal: Muscle Strains, Tendon Tears, Hernias, slipped
 Collisions with other vehicles disc (Disc prolapsed)
 Collision with pedestrians
 Explosions and fire Hierarchy to reduce handling injuries
 Avoid handling
Why can trucks overturn  Assess
 Traveling on gradients that are too steep  Implement controls
 Travelling forwards when descending slopes Manual handling Risk Assessment ( LITE)
 Overload or unevenly loaded
 Travelling over soft or uneven ground
 Travelling over slippery surfaces Load
 Travelling too fast  Weight
 Striking kerbs of other edges  Size
 Carrying loads at dangerous heights  Shape
 Rigidity
 Difficult to grasp
To avoid overturning opposite of above  Unstable
 Sharp edges
Procedures to follow when parking fork lift trucks  Hot/Cold
 Put gears in neutral position
 Apply the handbrake Individual
 Switch off engine  Sex
 Remove key and keep it with the responsible person/place  Stature
 Forks to be rested on the floor  Individual capability
 Mast slightly forward  Training
 Parked in the designated parking area making sure it’s not  Person’s assessment of won capability
blocking Walkways or exits.
Task
Additional hazards of electric fork trucks  Holding away from trunk
 Hydrogen gas released during safety charging  Twisting, Stooping
 Electricity problems  Reaching upwards
 Manual handling of liquids  Long vertical movement
 Corrosive acids  Long carrying distances

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

 Strenuous pushing or pulling  Suitable and tested lifting tackle

 Number of boxes needed to be lifted (frequency of lifting)  Correct slinging technique
 Repetitive handling  Competent personnel
 Insufficient rest or recovery  Load gear ground if travelling
 Work rate imposed by the process  Good visibility
 Good communications
Environment  Suitable storage for fuels etc
 Constraints on posture
 Poor floors Hazards opposite of above plus
 Variations in levels Use of crane in high winds
 Hot/Cold/humid conditions
 Poor lighting Employee Safety during Lifting
 Trained personnel
 Properly trained equipment
Correct Kinetic Handling Technique  Equipment has had statutory inspections
 Assess the load  Warning of lift taking place
 Close to load as possible  No employee to walk under load
 Secure grip  Ensure load is secure
 Suitable feet position  SWL crane and tackle not exceeded
 Back Straight  Lifted to correct height
 Bend the knees  Moved at appropriate speed
 Load close to the body  Adequate supervision
 Smooth movement  Lifting Accessories (Tackle)

Conveyors Main Hazards

Hazards Precautions  Over loading/ used above safe working load
Trapping in driver Guards, No looses clothing  Incorrect use e.g. too wide an angle with chains
mechanisms  Insecure attachment of load
Traps, Nips, Drawing in Pop out, rollers, nip guards  Damage to tackle
Sharp edges Edge protection, eliminate edges  Incorrect slinging method
Items jamming conveyor Adequate design  Failure to examine and inspect pre-use
Falling objects Edge guards, barriers  Incompetent staff
Riding or crossing Bridges, complete enclosure
conveyor Precautions opposite of above
Impact with objects Helmets, Padding
Noise Hearing protection
Manual handling Mechanical handling Element 3: Work Equipment Hazards and Control
Electrical Hazards Suitable equipment
Precautions on Maintenance of Work Equipment
 Use of permit to work
Types of Crane
 Isolation/locking off
 Mobile  Dissipation of stored energy
 Tower  Segregation
 Gantry  Safe means of access
 Overhead  Use of PPE
 Competent personnel
Cranes may Fail Because of
 Ensure safe environment (allow to cool)
 Overturning
 Overloading Hazards of Maintenance Work Opposite of above plus
 Unsuitable support or inadequate bases for crane  Chemical
 Loss of load  Biological
 Failure of load  Asbestos
 Lack of maintenance  Hot or Cold
 Failure of load bearing part  Pressure to complete work

Mechanical Hazards of Machinery

Safe Use of Cranes
 Entanglement
 Suitable crane
 Traps (Also referred to as drawing in- shear- crush)
 Suitable crane conditions
 Impact
 Use of outriggers
 Contact (Also referred to as cutting- stabbing-
 Avoidance of obstructions puncture)
 Care near overhead power lines  Ejection
 Designated and protected area

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

Draw labeled diagrams of each one May not fail to safety

Non- Machinery Hazards of Machinery

 Chemical/Biological Hazards Element 4: Electrical Hazards Controls
 Dust and fumes
 Ergonomics Main Hazards of Electricity (BSAFE)
 Electricity
 Burns
 Fire
 Shock
 Explosion
 Arcing
 Hazardous substances
 Fire
 Manual Handling
 Explosions
 Noise
 Radiation Secondary Effects of Electricity
 Stability of Machine  Fall from height
 Temperature of extremes  Unintentional movement of machine
 Ultra violet light  De-activation of control measures
 Vibration  Loss of information
 Throw off
Common Hazards
 Electrical Health effects of Electricity on the Body
 Ergonomic  Damage to nervous system
 Noise stability of machine  Irregular heartbeat (fibrillation)
 Internal Burns
Machinery Hierarchy of Controls
 External Burns
 Fixed guards
 Muscular contractions
 Interlocking, Adjustable & Automatic sweep guards
 Stopping breathing
 Appliances (trip device) & Protective devices (Jigs,
 Stopping of the heart
Holders, Push Sticks0
 Training, Information, Instruction, and Supervision (it Factors Influencing Severity of Electrical Shock
is) and PPE
 Voltage
Fixed Guards  Current
 Time
 A physical barrier not connected to the machine controls
 Conductivity of resistance
which has no moving parts and requires a tool to remove
 Current path
it.
Action on Finding Someone In Contact With Electricity
Fixed Guards
 Isolate the supply of possible
Advantage Disadvantages
 Summon help
Minimal maintenance Not linked to machine controls
 Give first- aid if capable
Only defeated by deliberate No protection when removed
act  Remain with casualty until emergency services arrive
Only visual inspection Access to dangerous parts when
Causes of Electrical Fire
removed
May protect against other More difficult to remove not  Inadequate circuits
hazards e.g. noise, dust, practical when frequent access  Overload circuits
injection of materials required  Incorrect fuses
Tends to be left unfixed when  Damaged insulation
frequent access required  Loose connections
May hamper visibility  Flammable materials too close to electrical
equipment
Interlocking Guard  Over heating of cables
 Linked to the machine controls so that when the machine
Safety of Portable Electrical Appliances
is in a dangerous condition the guard cannot be opened or
opening the guard causes the machine to become safe.
The appliance
Interlocking Guard  Battery operated
Advantage Disadvantages  Checked before use
Allow safe access for feeding Increase the complexity of the  Suitable selected equipment
materials machine  Properly maintained equipment
Convenient to use Difficult to test and maintain
Less likely to be deliberately May need a brake or time delay The Lead
defeated  Ensure not run over by vehicles
Speeds up operations Components could fail in service  Dragged over rough services
Regular maintenance required  Trapped in machinery

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

 Exposed to hot surfaces or corrosive chemicals Element 5: Fire Hazards and Control
 Continuous flexing
Cause of Fire
Joints, Connections and plugs  Arson
 Makeshift temporary connections  Electrical faults
 Leads getting pulled out  Misuse of electrical equipment
 Poor made connections  Smoker’s materials
 Fuse being replaced  Oil/gas heating equipment and portable heaters
 Battery operated  Unsafe storage of materials
 Use of flammable liquids or gases in unsuitable areas
Fuse  Welding/ hot work
 A weak link designated to melt, breaking the circuit at  Mechanical heat (Spark/friction)
excessive currents
The Fire Triangle:- Fuel, Source of ignition, Oxygen
Circuit Breakers
Electromagnetic device which perform the same function as fuses Flash Point: - The temperature at which a vapor given off by
i.e. break the circuit at excessive current although slightly faster. substance will ignite when brought to a source of ignition.
Earthing Classes of Fire:
Electricity will always try reach earth and earthing means providing A- Combustible Solid (Wood, Paper Etc)
a path to earth lower than the human body. B- Flammable Liquids (Alcohol, Petrol)
C- Flammable Gases (Butane, Hydrogen, Propane)
Isolation
D- Metals (Magnesium)
The disconnection and separation of the electrical equipment from F- Cooking Media (Vegetable Oil or Animal Fats)
every source of electrical equipment in such a way that the
disconnection and separation is secure. Method of Heat Transfer

Reduced Voltage Systems Direct Contact

By reducing the voltage present system the consequences of The flame and a combustible fuel are in direct contact and the fuel
electrical shock can be greatly reduced. heats up and eventually ignites.
Residual Current Devices (RCD) Conduction
It compares the current flowing into the system with the current Heat travels within a solid material (such as metal) from hotter to
flowing out. When the level differs by a present value the RCD will cooler parts
open rapidly and interrupt the supply.

Double Insulation Radiation

Covering live parts by two separated layers of insulation Heat waves (infrared) is radiated through the air causing heating of
a material at a distance from the fire.
User Checks
 Equipment is of an approved standard Convection
 Wiring and casing are free from damage Hot air rises in currents causing the build up of hot and unburnt
 Cables are correctly routed gases ceilings etc, and allows fire to spread from one room to
 Systems not overloaded another.
 Correct fuses
 Plug properly wired and gripped Fire precautions to minimize the risk to people in the event of fire
 Competent users Suitable Fire/ smoke detection
 Using reduced voltage in wet conditions
 Using RCDS’s Fire Alarms
 Suitable
Office Environments  Regular testing
 Suitable equipment manufactured to appropriate  Contact with emergency services
standards
 Avoid the use of trailing cables Means of Escape
 Avoid multi- socket extensions  Travel distances
 Control private electrical equipment brought from  Stairways
home  Fire doors
 Report defective and damaged equipment  Signage
 Ensure effective heating  Emergency lighting
 Switch off overnight  Assembly point
 Test appliances at regular intervals
Means of Lighting the Fire
 Suitable extinguishers
 Properly sited extinguishers

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

 Training in use of extinguishers Irritant

 Extinguishers properly maintained Non- corrosive substances which through immediate, prolonged or
repeated contact with skin or mucous membrane may cause
Emergency Evacuation Procedures inflammation e.g Petrol
 Fire marshals
 Fore notices Corrosive
 Fire drills Substance which on a contact with living tissue may destroy it by
 Roll calls burning e.g. acids
 Provision for disables
Harmful
Limiting number of persons Substances which if swallowed, inhaled or penetrate the skin may
cause damage to health.

Toxic
Element 6: Chemical and Biological Health hazards and controls
A poisonous substance which in low quantities may cause death,
acute or chronic damage to health.
Target Organs
A part of the body which sustains an adverse effect when it is Carcinogenic
exposed to or by contaminated by a particular harmful agent.
Substance which causes disorders to dell growth that may lead to
cancer.
Examples: Mercury, lead the brain, asbestos, ammonia the lungs
Information on Manufactures Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Body Defenses against Dust
 Identification of the substance
 The hair and wetness of the nose
 Manufactures information
 The change of direction of the larynx
 Composition of the ingredients
 Sneezing and coughing
 First-aid precautions
 The hair cells in the respiratory tract
 Fire-fighting measures
 Tears and blinking of the eyes
 Handling and storage
Dermatitis  PPE
 Disposal considerations
Symptoms: Blisters, Inflammation, Dryness, Reddening, Cracking
of skin  Transport information
 Regulatory information
Protective measure against Dermatitis
Grab Sample (Chemical Stain Detector Tube)
 Eliminate the substance
Advantages Disadvantages
 Substitution of the substance
Low cost Inaccurate
 Barrier creams,
Takes little time Positioning of tube
 Good hygiene practices
Immediate result Only a snap shot
 PPE
Little training Inefficient
Routes of Entry in the Body Information during spillage Chemical use only
Good for coarse indication Substance specific
 Inhalation
 Ingestion
 Absorption
Hazardous substance risk assessment 5 steps as normal Control of
 Direct entry
health hazards Eliminate Reduce by substitution Isolate
 Injection
 Total enclosure
 Segregate the people
Acute Effects
Adverse health effects resulting from single or short term exposure Control
to large quantity of the harmful substance, it is usually reversible e.g  Engineering Control (LEV)
splashing acid onto the skin will give an immediate reaction.  Maintenance of controls
 Change the work pattern or method
Chronic  Hygiene and housekeeping
Adverse health effects resulting from prolonged or repeated
exposure to small quantities of the harmful substance leading to a PPE
gradual often irreversible effects e.g exposure to asbestos duct over
many years will lead to asbestosis and cancer of the lungs- Discipline
mesothelioma.
Emergency controls for spillage, air pollution etc.
Classification of Hazardous Substances  Ventilation systems alarmed
 PPE
 Emergency showers, eye wash facilities
 Booms, sawdust, spillage procedures

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

 Evacuation procedures Dusts

 Isolation of the area Nuisance dust can cause asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and
 Evacuation of the employee at risk conditions such as asbestos, silicosis.
 PPE for staff involved in clear up
Dust Identification
Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV)  Visual signs of dust
Main parts: Hood, Ducting, Filter, Fan  Dust lamps
 Static or personal sampling
Draw sketch as provided.  Health surveillance

Control Measures for Dust

LEV becomes inefficient because of;
 Elimination
 Blocked filters  Substitution e.g. pellets instead of powers
 Lack of maintenance  Enclosure of the process
 Position of hood  Local exhaust ventilation
 Unauthorized alterations  Vacuuming instead of sweeping
 Broken ducting  Damping down
 Wear of fan blades  Limiting time of exposure
 Incorrect settings  Limiting numbers exposed
 Increased contaminant level  Respiratory protective equipment
 Inadequate design
 Failure of operators to use it Lead
A heavy, soft and easily worked metal. Can enter body by eating
Check opposite of above contaminated food but usually by breathing fumes or dust.

Specific Agents Acute lead poisoning can result in nausea, headaches, effects on the
nervous system sometimes death in serve cases.
Ammonia
Is a colourless gas with a pungent odour. It is a corrosive and can Organic solvents
cause irritation to the eyes upper respiratory tract in small These dissolve other substances and are also used as cleaning and
concentrations. Large concentrations can cause blindness and fluid degreasing agents. They are volatile and evaporate quickly at room
in the lungs. Eye protection and respiratory essential. temperature so their vapours can be drawn into the lungs.
Acute effects are irritation of the eyes, skin, throat and lungs. Effects
Asbestos may be headaches, nausea, dizziness and loss of consciousness and
Main types: - Blue, Brown and White in extreme cases in death.
Diseases: Asbestos, Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma
Isocyanates
Uses Organic compounds widely used in industry for products such as
 Pipe lagging spray painting of vehicles and production of polyurethane rubbers
 Wall and roof panels and foams.
 Ceiling tiles
 Textured coatings Inflammation of the nasal passages and throat can lead to asthma.
 Insulation materials
 Gaskets Silica
 Brake linings Found in sand, granite etc. and the health hazard comes from
breathing it in which can lead to the lung disease silicosis.
Carbon Dioxide
Colourless and odourless gas that is heavier than air. Low levels Biological Agents
increases the rate of respiration and high depress the rate of
respiration leading to unconsciousness and even death. Produced in Leptospirosis or Weils disease
fermentation process e.g breweries. Bacteria found in the urine of female rats and the most common
source is in river water, sewers etc. Enters the body through
Carbon Monoxide puncture of the skin or ingestion. Attacks the kidneys and liver
Colourless and odourless and tasteless gas. Found where incomplete causing high temperatures and may be fatal.
combustion occurs e.g boilers, vehicle exhausts.
Legionella
Inhalation of the gas results in headache, drowsiness, flushed “pink’ An airbone bacterium found in water sources such as cooling
appearance and ultimately asphyxiation. towers, stagnant water etc. It is caused by inhalation of airbone
droplets of water containing the legionalla bactieria leading to a
Chlorine form of pneumonia e.i. breathing difficulties, high temperature and
A greenish toxic gas with a pungent smell which is highly irritant to possible death. Those at greatest risk are middle aged smokers or
the respiratory system. elderly people with chest problems. Control measures involve
temperature control and monitoring, avoiding “dead legs” legs in

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

pipework, biocide treatment and effective cleaning and  Use correct tools and equipment
maintenance.
Display Screen Equipment (DSEs)
Hepatitis
A disease of the liver and can cause high temperatures, nausea and Health Effects
jaundice. It is caused by hazardous substances or a virus. Health  Upper limb pains and discomfort
workers and those handling bodily fluids are most at risk. The  Eye and eyesight effects
control measures involve inoculation and good hygiene practices.  Epilepsy
 Radiation effects in pregnant women
Control Measures for Biological Hazards  Fatigue and stress
 Cleaning and disinfection
 Water treatment Workstation Requirements
 Vermin control  Adequate lighting
 Containment of the biological agent  Minimum noise
 Avoidance of sharp implements  Ample legroom
 Proper disposal of contaminated waste  Suitable screen at eye level
 Immunization  Suitable software
 Personal Hygiene  Keyboard
 PPE  Work surface
 Suitable work chair
Waste of Storage  Footrest if necessary
 Sufficient storage area
 Clearly the label the storage area Health Effects of Remaining Seated For a Long Time
 Ensure storage area secure  Vertebral and muscular damage
 Protect storage area with bunds etc.  High blood pressure
 Store different types of waste separately  Circulation problems
 Never store incompatible waste together
 Select appropriate containers Suitable Seat for Sedentary Workers
 Keep quantities of waste to a minimum  Good lumbar support
 Protect waste from the elements  Good width and depth
 Ability to adjust seat back and height
 Stable base
Element 7: Physical and Psychological Hazards  Ability to swivel
 Provision of arm rests
Ergonomics
The study of the relationship between workers and their Welfare and Environment issues
environment, work equipment and work task.
Welfare
Work related Upper limb Disorders (WRULDs)  Sufficient toilets
 Washing facilities
Causes If WRULDs  Eating and changing facilities
 Repetitive finger, hand or arm movements  Clothing storage
 Twisting movements  Seating
 Squeezing  Rest areas
 Hammering  Arrangements for non-smokers
 Pushing, pulling or reaching movements
Working Environment
Symptoms  Temperature
 Numbness in fingers  Ventilation
 Pains in hands or arms  Lighting
 Restriction of joint movement  Room dimensions
 Soft tissue swelling  Suitable work stations and seating
 Weather protection for outdoor workstations
Factors to Be Considered During Risk Assessment
 Force exerted Health Effects of Poor Lighting
 Frequency and duration of operation  Eye strain
 Repetition of movement without rest or recovery  Headaches
 Posture  Poor posture
 Constraints on space  Tripping over unseen objects
 Environment  Increased likehood of human error
 Increased time to vacate work area
Improve Above plus
 Mechanise task

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

Factors to Consider When Assessing Adequacy of Lighting Health Effects

 The tasks being undertaking  Tingling in the hands extremities
 The size and layout of the work area  Numbness and blanching of the fingers
 The equipment used  Swollen painful joints
 Availability of natural light  Reduction in manual dexterity
 Shift times/work patterns  Reduction in the sensation of touch
 Suitable number of artificial light
 Contrast levels Control Measures
 Glare
 Areas in shadow Elimination
 Need for localized lighting
 Maintenance of lighting Reduce the Degree of Vibration
 Adequate emergency lighting  Select low vibration equipment
 Select ergonomically designed equipment
Noise  Maintenance of equipment
 Reduce grip and push force with work equipment
Noise Terminology  Reduce the time workers exposed
 Frequency: The number of wave fronts assign a point  Introduce health surveillance
in one second measured in Hertz  Glove and heated pads
 Intensity: the loudness of the noise  Information and training on the nature of risks
 Decibel: The sound pressure level
Work In a Hot Environment
“A” Weighting: A filter in the noise meter that
equates the noise to how the human ear perceives Health effects
the noise.  Skin burns
 Cataracts
Hearing Damage  Dehydration
 Heat cramps
Acute Chronic  Headaches
Stress Noise induced hearing loss  Fainting
Temporary threshold shift Permanent threshold shift
Temporary tinnitus Permanent tinnitus Precautions
Blast deafness Prebyacusis  Medical pre-selection
 Acclimatisation
Noise Control  Limit time of exposure
 Cold drinks
Source  PPE
 Design
 Damping Work in Cold Environment
 Isolate
 Maintenance Health effects
 Hypothermia
Path  Loss of concentration
 Screens and barriers  Shivering
 Enclosure  Frost bite
 Absorption
 Silencer Precautions
 Medical pre-selection
The Person  Acclimatisation
 Distance  Limit time exposure
 Time exposed  Hot drinks
 Information and training  Insulated clothing

Limitation on Personal Hearing Protection Radiation

 Not worn correctly Non- lonising
 Not lifted correctly Type Use in Industry
 Not properly maintained Infrared Heating and brazing
 Uncomfortable or inconvenient to wear Lasers Cutting, bar code readers
 Needs constant management commitment Microwaves Food preparation, signal transmission
 May introduce secondary risks Ultra- violet Welding

Hand Arm Vibration Health Effects

 Burns

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

 Reddening of the skin Cause of stress

 Cataracts  Culture
 Arc Eye  Demands
 Temporary sterility  Control
 Relationships
Ionizing radiation  Change
Type Use in industry  Role
Alpha Smoke detectors  Individual
Beta Thickness testing  Environment
Gamm Non- destructive testing
X-ray Medical Control Measure for Stress
Neutron By product nuclear fission  Selecting suitable employees
 Training
Acute effects from high dose Chronic effects  Clearly defined roles
Reddening of the skin Cancers  Clearly work objectives
Radiation sickness, nausea, Sterility  Comfortable working environment
vomiting, diarrhea  Good line of communication
Hair loss Hereditary defects  Realistic work schedules
Death Effects on unborn children  Employee involvement
Death  Grievance procedure
 Impartial investigation of stress
 Management support
Control measures
 Time
 Distance Element 8: Construction Activities Hazards and Control
 Shielding
Ladders
Others
Hazards in use
 PPE
 Falling off
 Environment and personal monitoring
 Overreaching
 Correct disposal of radiation materials
 Carrying up materials
 God hygiene practices
 Unsuitable ladders
 Training and supervision
 Ladder not properly secured
 Incorrect angle
Violence at work
 Not reaching above landing place
Occupations at risk  Aluminum ladders near electrical lines
 Taxi drivers
Mobile Tower Scaffold
 Hospitals
 Schools Precautions
 Cash transactions
 Erected by competent persons
 Delivery/ collection of money
 Pre use inspections
Control measures  Positioned on firm ground
 Correct height to base ration 3.5 x1
 Training and information
 Use of outriggers to broaden base
 The environment
 Tying in to adjacent structure
 Design of the job
 People and materials removed before moving
 Communication
 Handrails and toe boards
 Lone working
 Suitable work platform
 Reporting and recording incidents
 Not overloaded
Stress
Hazards opposite of above
Physical Effects Psychological effects
Headaches Increase anxiety Mobile Elevating Work Platforms
Aching neck and shoulders Irritability
Skin rashes Sudden mood changes Hazards
Prone to infections Inability to cope  People falling or being thrown
Panic attacks Reduces work output  Materials falling
Panic attacks Reduced work output  Crushing between carrier and a fixed structure
Raised heart rate Increased use of alcohol ,etc
Increased blood pressure Poor sleep patterns Collapse or overturning of MEWP cause by
Heart disease  Equipment failure
Stomach ulcers  Unsuitable ground conditions

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NEBOSH International General Certificate IGC 2 Elements 1-8 Control of Workplace Hazards

 Defective or unused outriggers

 Overloading of the carrier
 Struck by load
 Struck by another vehicle
 Interference with controls

Precautions opposite of above

Suspended access cradles and platforms

Precautions
 Pre- use inspection
 Supports to building of adequate strength
 Suitable maintained
 Safe access and egress
 Not exceed safe working load
 Guard rails and toe boards fitted
 Safety harness worn
 Limitations on use in strong winds

Excavations

Main Hazards
 Undermining foundations
 Collapse
 Underground services
 Persons falling in
 Vehicles close to edge
 Access and egress
 Hazardous atmospheres
 Flooding
 Contamination
 Type of soil
 Removal of soil

Precautions for Above

Precautions for underground services

 Plan job
 Locate cables
 Avoid cables
 Safe digging procedures

Hazardous of Demolition
 Underground and over head services
 Falls from height
 Fall of materials
 Premature collapse
 Health hazards
 Gases and vapours
 Noise
 Vibration
 Ionising radiations
 Biological hazards

Precautions opposite of above plus

 Exclusion zones
 Safe method of demolition
 PPE

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