CHAPTER 1
A. Introduction
Youth today is uncontrollable and no one can stop them. Just to satisfy their
The Youth. In our country a proverb always through on our mind when you
heard the word youth and that proverbs is ‘‘the youth is the hope of the nation’’ but
as the time goes by can we still say proudly that we the youth today are the Hope
Of the nation. Nowadays, there are plenty of crimes that are being caused by the
youth of today. Youth today are really uncontrollable wherein they are doing all
things just to fulfill their curiosity and they try everything that are new in their eye
without thinking of what can cause on their self. Like for example, trying all vices
that they can see like drinking alcohol. They drink alcohol at their young age
without thinking and knowing that this is bad for their mental health and physical
health. Youth are very impulsive in drinking alcohol because they drink alcohol
Alcohol is a drug that is prevalent in our country wherein most of the youth
nowadays are drinking it. They drink alcohol without thinking of its bad effects on
their lives, especially on their health. For example, alcohol can give them diseases
at their young age. A disease that can affect their daily lives and can also finish
their future or worse, it can cause for their lives to be ended. Researcher’s conduct
this research to know the factors affecting alcoholic drinking to selected St. Pius X
Institute students. The researchers chose this topic because they observe that
2
there are many students who are drinking alcohol at their young age. Also to inform
them that drinking alcohol at their young age has a bad effect on their selves and
lives.
“Filipinos are the second highest consumers of alcohol in South East Asia after
Indonesia, and number one in terms of wine drinking. The legal drinking age in the
Philippines is 18, but it is estimated that 60% of young people will have been into
or at least have tried alcohol before then. Alcohol drinking even for a short period
of time can lead not only to intoxication but also to more serious alcohol poisoning
and alcoholic liver disease, which can be potentially life threatening. . Aside from
depression, suicide, acts of physical and verbal abuse, domestic abuse, decreased
“Studies have also shown that those who drink at a young age are far more
likely to develop alcoholism later in life. They are at risk of particular problems
related to mental and physical health as alcohol interferes with body function. They
are more likely to commit crimes, perform poorly in school, experiment with harder
‘‘Philippine law sets the minimum legal drinking age at 18 but underage drinking
is widespread. Most young people get alcohol from home with or without their
parents' permission. They know how to obtain alcohol – they are able to get it from
friends or they can discreetly buy for themselves. On the average, Filipino youths
start drinking alcohol at the age of 16 or 17. However, there are also many cases
3
when children as young as 12 years old are already drinking alcoholic beverages.
About 37 per cent of the respondents in the survey have continued the habit of
drinking alcohol while 33 per cent said they only drink alcoholic beverages on
special occasions. Some 17 per cent said they have already decided to stop the
vice of drinking.’’
Alcohol is one of the most rampant vices in the Philippines so it is not shocking
that youth will be influenced to drink alcohol, but the thing is there are many things
it’s got to be late let stop this phenomenon by starting it on ourselves. Say yes to
Typically, the study aims to determine the factors affecting alcoholic drinking to
a) Gender
b) Age
a) Curiosity
b) Family Problem
c) Reducing Stress
d) Friends Influence
4
e) Personal Problem
f) Relaxation
a) Male
b) Female
The purpose of the study is to identify the factors of alcoholic drinking that
may experience among the students of Saint Pius X Institute. The following
Students. The result of the study would aide them to increase their
the early stage of life they would develop desirable habit and value toward a
Parents. This study would serve as an “eye opener” to them to see the real
Teachers. This study can provide information to the teachers to understand the
administration in the issue of alcoholic drinking of the students and it would help
them to make some actions that will increase the awareness of the students in that
Future Researchers. It will provide an overview in their topic and serve as a guide
The focus of this study is all about the factors of alcoholic drinking among
the students of Saint Pius X Institute. Curiosity, personal problems and friends’
influence are the causes why students drink alcohol on their young age. This study
is limited to the selected students of G9- Senior High School of Saint Pius X
E. Definition of terms
fermented and distilled. It’s a drink (such as whiskey or beer) containing ethanol
or addiction.
6
Curiosity. Curiosity is the urge you feel to know more about something. The state
something out.
Drinking. The act of ingesting water or other liquids into the body through the
mouth. Water is required for many of life’s physiological processes. Both excessive
Ethanol. also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is
a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula C ₂H ₅OH. Its
abbreviated as EtOH.
Legal. Allowable or enforceable by being in conformity with the law of the land and
the public policy; not condemned as illegal. See also lawful and legitimate.
lost when taking risk resulting from a given action or inaction, foreseen or
unforeseen (planned or not planned). Risk can also be defined as the intentional
environments for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Most
CHAPTER 2
Local Studies
Early age of drinking alcohol will be having more impact on the person’s
health especially at below 18 years of age. This paper gives background history
about underage drinking in US. Nowadays, teens are getting feel older for them as
to be “cool” without knowing the consequences of alcohol. There are many reasons
why teenager drinks alcohol like they are being curious, wants to feel older or
Some reason that teen used alcohol are curiosity, to feel good, reduce stress
and relax and to fit in from a very young age! Kids see advertising messages
showing beautiful people enjoying life and alcohol. And because many parent
and other adults use alcohol socially-having beer or wine with dinner for
2008).
Many people believe that drinking alcohol can skip their problems like
family, studies, relationships and others but it would not. Bagging alcoholism may
lead to more serious condition and fatal illnesses and would cause the person’s
A study conducted by the University of the Philippines (UP) found out that
Filipino youths, on the average, start drinking at the age of 16 or 17. “There are
also many cases when children as young as 12 years are already drinking
9
survey have continued the habit of drinking alcohol while 33% said they only drink
among 2 billion people worldwide with 76.3 million diagnosed with alcohol abuse
assess the alcohol drinking behavior of adolescents and its related factors among
280 3rd year and 4th year high school students in one purposively selected high
respondents in this study (74.3%) were 15-16 years old. The data were analyzed
by using MINITAB. Chi-Square test was used for testing association between the
significance was set at α = 0.05. There were 30.8% of students as drinkers; 47.1%
of drinkers were males and 18.2% were females. There was a statistically
significant association between alcohol drinking behavior and being male (Chi-
a risky behavior in which most young people get involved at some time. In a
survey conducted by the University of the Philippines in 1994, 60 per cent or 5.3
million Filipino youths are said to be drinking alcoholic beverages. About 4.2
million of them are males and 1.1 million are females. The study stated that most
10
of the Filipino teenagers have tried cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs. In fact, there
are more alcoholic drinkers than smokers. On the average, Filipino youths start
drinking alcohol at the age of 16 or 17. However, there are also many cases
beverages. About 37 per cent of the respondents in the survey have continued
the habit of drinking alcohol while 33 per cent said they only drink alcoholic
beverages on special occasions. Some 17 per cent said they have already
Foreign Studies
of alcohol abuse among the first year students in US. Aertgeerts and Buntinx found
out that 14.2% of students are drinking alcohol and abuse it. There are 49.7% of
male students and 48.9% of female students continue their college. So about half
of freshmen are succeeded to to enter there sophomore year. But it is intimate the
alcohol and substance use patterns (aged 12 to 16 years old). The analyses
revealed that alcohol use is quite common among European adolescents, although
clear differences were observed between the various countries. Overall, 60.4% of
the adolescents have been drinking beer, wine and breezers at least once in their
lifetime and 34.2% have been drinking spirits. The last month prevalence rates are
were nearly half, respectively 28.1% and 13.5%. The prevalence rates for heavy
episodic drinking are 28.1% for beer, wine and breezers and 13.5% for spirits.
These results are congruent with previous cross-national studies, such as the
ESPAD study.
problems, including motor vehicle crashes (the greatest single mortality risk for
youth and young adults aged 12–20 years); suicide; interpersonal violence(e.g.,
drowning; brain impairment; risky sexual activity; academic problems; and alcohol
4,300 youths in the U.S. per year, shortening their lives by an average of 60 years.
Alcohol consumption involves youth in the criminal justice system, both through
arrests for violating laws against underage possession and through the illegal and
much a high school student learns without having a strong impact on his or her
timely, given recent research showing that underage drinkers are susceptible to
use and educational attainment to gauge the sensitivity of the estimates to various
between alcohol use and educational attainment when the correlation coefficient
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
explain and discuss the factors affecting alcoholic drinking of the selected students
Descriptive studies are often described as studies that are concerned with finding
out “what is”. It attempts to gather quantifiable information that can be used to
or manipulating the variables in any way. Hence, these studies are really
not attempt to answer “why” and is not used to discover inferences, make
(https://cirt.gcu.edu/research/developmentresources/research/ready/descriptive/o
verviw)
14
The research study will be conducted to the selected students of Saint Pius
X Institute who are drinking alcohol because they are the one who is our subjects
The study will be conducted inside of Saint Pius X Institute of Cuyapo for
Research Instrument
This questionnaire will be the basis of the findings for the factors that affecting
and collecting data. The researchers will dig deeper into the factors affecting
The researchers will seek the permission of the principal for them to
administer the questionnaire to the students of Saint Pius X Institute. After seeking
permission from the principal, the researchers will ask permission from their
respondents and explain their advocacy and if they approve it, they will now start
After gathering all the survey forms, the researchers will now tabulate each
forms for the result. We counted how many students chose a certain answer and
compare each number to find out the most common factors of alcoholic drinking
among students.
CHAPTER 4
FINDINGS
or addiction. Student who drink alcohol has a reason why they do things like
drinking alcohol at their young age. Among these students, there are common
treated with prior interpretation to which more fact about the alcoholic drinking
among the selected students of Saint Pius X Institute Inc. It will provide information
about the factors why the students of Saint Pius X Institute drink alcohol at their
young age. It also gives information about the effects of alcoholic drinking to the
life of the students academically and how affects in their relationships with their
family.
of the respondents.
The 50 sampled students represent the whole group of the Saint Pius X
Institute students who drink alcohol. The frequency counts and its corresponding
17
respondents:
Table 1
N=50
Groups Frequency Percent
Age 15 7 14.0
16 9 18.0
17 22 44.0
18 12 24.0
Female 19 38.0
70,000-100,000 8 16.0
Age. Among the students, 7 responds that they are already 15 years of age (14%),
9 responds that they are already 16 years of age (18%), 22 responds that they are
17 years of age (44%) and the remaining 12 responds is already 18 years of age
18
(24.0) for the total of 50 number of sampled students. The result suggests that
majority of the selected students of Saint Pius X Institute who involved in alcoholic
drinking aged at 17 years old, with 44% of the samples. It does imply that most of
Gender. The researchers seek for 50 total students who involved in alcoholic
drinking, both with Males and Females. The respondents were divided in the
following distribution: 62% of the students were Males and the remaining 38% of
the students were Females, thus there are 31 Males and 19 Females who
responds to this study. It means that Male drinker is higher in number than female
Monthly Family Income. Among the 50 selected students, there are 27 (54%)
Followed by the 14 (28%) respondents who has a monthly income ranging from
40,000-60,000 pesos. Next is the 8 (16%) of the respondents who’s monthly family
income ranging from 70,000-100,000 pesos. And lastly, there is 1 (2%) of the
respondents whose monthly family income is ranging from 110,000 and above.
19
Table no. 2.1 shows the results about the reason why the students drink
a) Curiosity 17 33 1.66
In the first question, the researchers found the result about the reason why
the students drink alcohol by using SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer “Yes”
with a mean value ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer “No”
with a mean value ranging from 1.50-2.00. In this table the majority answer to this
mean value of 1.66, third would be ‘For relaxation’ with 15 respondents having a
mean value of 1.70, fourth would be “To reduce stress” having 10 respondents
with a mean value of 1.80, fifth would be “Having personal problem” with 8
respondents having a mean value of 1.84, sixth would be “Family Problem” having
20
7 respondents with a mean value of 1.86, and lastly is “School Problem” having 2
Table no. 2.2 shows the result about what or who influence them to drink
b) Curiosity 20 30 1.60
In the second question, the researchers found the result about what or who
influenced them to drink alcohol by using SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer
“Yes” with a mean value ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer
“No” with a mean value ranging from 1.50-2.00. In this table the majority answer
1.68, third would be “Peer pressure” with 14 respondents having a mean value of
1.72, fourth would be “Because you’re bored” having 10 respondents with a mean
value of 1.80, and lastly is “Want to feel older” with 4 respondents having a mean
value of 1.92.
21
Table no. 2.3 shows the result about how often they drink alcohol.
a) Everyday 1 49 1.98
The researchers found the result about how often they drink alcohol by
using SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer “Yes” with a mean value ranging
from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer “No” with a mean value ranging
from 1.50-2.00. In question no 3 the majority answer here is “On special occasions”
with 29 respondents having a mean value of 1.42, second would be “Once a week”
weekends” having 5 respondents with a mean value of 1.90, fourth would be “3-5
times a week” having 3 respondents with a mean value of 1.94 and lastly would be
Table no. 2.4 shows the result about the different question answering by
‘Yes’ or ‘No’.
The researchers found the result about the following questions by using
SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer “Yes” with a mean value ranging from
1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer “No” with a mean value ranging from
1.50-2.00. In this table In question no 4 ‘Can you stop drinking when you want to?’
there are 43 respondents who answered ‘Yes’ and 7 respondents who answered
‘No’ with a mean value of 1.14. In this table, In question no 5 ‘Have you ever
answered ‘Yes’ and 41 respondents who answered ‘No’ with a mean value of 1.82.
there are 12 respondents who answered ‘Yes’ and 38 respondents who answered
‘No’ with a mean value of 1.76. In question no 7 ‘Do you feel guilty about your
drinking?’ there are 16 respondents who answered ‘Yes’ and 34 respondents who
answered ‘No’ with a mean value of 1.68. In question no. 8 ‘Has a relative or friend
23
ever been concerned about you’re drinking or suggested that you cut down?’ There
are 30 respondents who answered ‘Yes’ while there are 20 respondents who
Table no. 2.5 shows the result about the effect of alcoholic drinking in the
over
The researchers found the result about the effect of alcoholic drinking in the
academic life of the students by using SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer
“Yes” with a mean value ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer
“No” with a mean value ranging from 1.50-2.00. In question no 9 the majority
with a mean value of 1.56, followed by “Cannot concentrate due to hangover” with
requirements on time” with 4 respondents having a mean value of 1.92, and lastly
“Getting low of your grades” having 3 respondents with a mean value of 1.94.
24
Table no. 2.6 shows the result about where they get their money to buy
liquor for them to drink it.
Indicator Yes No Mean Value
Question No. 10
a) Parents 4 46 1.92
week
d) Relatives 9 41 1.82
The researchers found the result about where they get their money to buy
liquor for them to drink it by using SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer “Yes”
with a mean value ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer “No”
with a mean value ranging from 1.50-2.00. In question no 10. The majority answer
would be “From my left allowance in a week” with a mean value of 1.56 with 22
mean value of 1.64. Third would be “Relatives” with a mean value of 1.82 in 9
who answered.
25
Table no. 2.7 shows the result about if the parents or relatives if that student
The researchers found the result if the parents or relatives if that student
know that they drink alcohol at their young age by using SPSS which “1”
corresponds the answer “Yes” with a mean value ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2”
corresponds the answer “No” with a mean value ranging from 1.50-2.00. In
question no. 11 the researcher found the majority answer that most of the students
Table no. 2.8 shows the result in answering question no. 12 about how
you drink?
The researchers found the result about how many bottles did they drink
every time they drink by using SPSS “1” corresponds the answer “3-5 bottles” with
a mean value ranging from 1.00-1.67 while “2” corresponds the answer “6-10
26
bottles” with a mean value ranging from 1.67- 2.33 and “3” corresponds the answer
“ten above” with a mean value 2.33- 3.00 In question no. 12 the majority answer
here would be 3-5 bottles with 35 respondents, next would be “Ten and Above”
having 9 respondents and lastly “6-10” having 6 respondents who answered with
Table no. 2.9 shows the result about is there a significance of drinking
The researchers found the result about what or who influenced them to drink
alcohol by using SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer “Yes” with a mean value
ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer “No” with a mean value
ranging from 1.50-2.00. In question no. 13 there are 26 respondents who answered
‘Yes’ while there are 24 respondents who answered ‘No’ with their mean value of
1.48, so majority there are more students who answered that alcoholic drinking
Table no. 2.10 shows the result about if alcoholic drinking can resolve their
problems in life.
The researchers found the result about if alcoholic drinking can resolve their
problems in life by using SPSS “1” corresponds the answer “Yes” with a mean
value ranging from 1.00-1.67 while “2” corresponds the answer “No” with a mean
value ranging from 1.67- 2.33 and “3” corresponds the answer sometimes with a
mean value 2.33- 3.00 In question no. 14 there are 9 respondents who answered
‘Yes’ while there are 22 respondents who said ‘No’ and 19 respondents who
answered ‘Sometimes with their mean value of 2.20, in majority most of the
students answered that alcoholic drinking cannot solve their problems in life.
28
Table no. 2.11 shows the result about the effect of alcoholic drinking in the
drink
drinking in the relationship with their family by using SPSS which “1” corresponds
the answer “Yes” with a mean value ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds
the answer “No” with a mean value ranging from 1.50-2.00. In question no. 15 the
respondents and lastly “Always having conflict every time you drink” with a mean
CHAPTER 5
findings.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
St. Pius X institute” has been conducted intended primarily to seek for its principal
goal in determining the factors of alcoholic drinking of the students at their young
age and how significant related to their backgrounds and differences in terms of
their profile.
The research design have been utilized descriptive. The respondents are
came from the students who drink alcohol. The questionnaires have been
respondents (Part I), Frequency and Mean Value of factors and effects of alcoholic
a.) Age. The most number of respondents falls to 17 years old with 44%
and few respondent at the age of 15 with 14%. Respondents that are
years of age (F= 9) is 18%, respondents that are 17 years of age (F=
b.) Gender. 62% of the students were Male and the remaining 38% of the
higher than the number of females (F= 19). It shows that Male drinker is
Pius X Institute.
c.) Monthly Income. Among the 50 selected students, there are 27 (54%)
X Institute. The researchers found the result about the following questions
by using SPSS which “1” corresponds the answer “Yes” with a mean value
ranging from 1.00-1.49 while “2” corresponds the answer “No” with a mean
problem (x̅= 1.84), School Problem (x̅= 1.96), this only means that
influence.
them to start drinking alcohol and the results were indicated here
feel older (x̅= 1.92) and based to the result students start drink
62% of Male were prone to alcohol drinking while 38% were Female, thus the
number of Males (F=31) is significantly higher than the number of females (F= 19).
It shows that most of Male were drinker than female from the selected students of
CONCLUSION
Based on the salient findings of the study the following conclusions were
drawn:
most of them are male and the family earns a monthly income of 20,000-
30,000.
and by their curiosity. They are often drink alcohol when there is an
occasion.
personal problems but not their problem in life according to the respondents.
RECOMMENDATIONS
following:
4. They should try themselves to become busy in everyday living like: playing
basketball, listening music, watching movies and have a time with their
family.
5. Local government must implement rules that stores must not give students
or minors some liquors. And if there some stores who disobey this rules,
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Introduction
https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/the-philippine
star/20150427/281711203195840
https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/the-philippine-
star/20150427/281711203195840
http://apapaonline.org/data/National_Data/Philippines/Alcohol_Media_Philippines
Local
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3026599/
http://oreoj12.tripod.com/id81.html
https://www.searidgealcoholrehab.com/overview-alcohol-abuse-addiction.php
https://noliquor.home.blog/2019/01/18/drinking-not-for-minors/
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol
http://apapaonline.org/data/National_Data/Philippines/Alcohol_Media_Philippines
.pdf
35
Foreign
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2741556/
https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NACJD/studies/34658/version/2/publicatio
ns
https://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(16)30192-1/pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3026599/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3026599/
https://www.scribd.com/document/68975981/Review-of-Related-Literature)
Research Design
https://cirt.gcu.edu/research/developmentresources/research/ready/descriptive/o
verviw
Research Intrument
https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/6P3YDXC
https://uwaterloo.ca/canadian-student-tobacco-alcohol-drugs-
survey/questionnaires
36
APPENDICES A
22 January 2019
Dear Ma’am,
Greetings of peace and prosperity!
We the Grade 12 students of Saint Pius X. Institute Cuyapo (whose names are
listed below) are conducting our quantitative research which entitled “FACTORS
AFFECTING ALCOHOLIC DRINKING TO THE SELECTED STUDENTS OF ST.
PIUS X INSTITUTE.” The aim of the research is to determine the factors affecting
alcoholic drinking among the selected students of St. Pius X Institute.
In line with this, we are asking permission for us to conduct our research to your
selected people.
Rest assured that the floating of our questionnaires will not interrupt any events.
As such the confidentiality of the given information about the researchers they
observe while conducting. Thank you in advance as a mere anticipation of your
favorable response regarding this matter.
Thank you, and MAY GOD BLESS YOU ALWAYS!
Approved by:
Mrs. Teodora Ayson-Ramos
School Principal
37
APPENDIX B
Name (optional):_____________________________________________
Age:__________________
Gender:______________________
o No
6. Have you ever skipped or missed class because of drinking?
o Yes
o No
7. Do you feel guilty about your drinking?
o Yes
o No
8. Has a relative or friend ever been concerned about your drinking or
suggested that you cut down?
o Yes
o No
9. What is the effect of drinking alcohol to your academic performance?
o Getting late to go to school
o Cannot concentrate on the lesson due to hang over
o Cannot pass requirements on time
o Getting low of your grades
10. Where did you get money to buy liquor?
o Parents
o From my earnings
o From my left allowance in a week
o Relatives
11. Did your parents or relative know that you are drinking alcohol in
your young age?
o Yes
o No
12. How many bottles did you drink?
o 3-5 bottles
o 6-10
o 10 and above
13. Is there a significance of drinking alcohol to solve their personal
problems?
o Yes
o No
14. Does drinking alcohol can resolve your problems in life?
o Yes
o No
o Sometimes
15. What is the effect of alcohol drinking in your relation with your
family?
o Always having conflict everytime you drink
o Being grounded
o Losing trust
39
CURRICULUM VITAE
“Life is beautiful”
PERSONAL PROFILE
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
ORGANIZATION
Elementary
Ecija)
41
CURRICULUM VITAE
“Life is cute”
PERSONAL PROFILE
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
AWARDS ND ACHIEVEMENTS:
Elementary:
AWARDS ND ACHIEVEMENTS:
RESEARCH JOURNEY