Research report: Smoking and diseases 

 
Introduction 
Everyone knows smoking and cigarettes are the perfect couples for death. But do you really understand 
how dangerous they are? Every year, there are 480,000 deaths because of smoking in the United States, 
and 41,000 people died from smelling the cigarettes smoke. The purpose of this report is to help 
everybody knows how harmful cigarettes are to our health and how to skip smoking. 
 
1. Lung cancer and sickness relating to the respiratory system 
According to s ​ mokefree.gov​, in our airway, there are tiny hairs called cilia, they help the lungs to stay 
clean by sweep out all the dust. Cigarettes smoke kill those cilia, so our body has a higher chance of 
infection. This causes lung cancer, tuberculosis, asthma...  
2. Macular degeneration and cataracts 
According to​ quitnow.gov.au​, macular degeneration and cataracts are caused when you smoke too 
much. When you smoke, plenty of bad chemicals get into your blood and can travel all around your 
body. Tiny blood vessels go through the macular, the cells of the macula slowly die because of the 
chemicals which lead to loss of vision. 
3. Passive Smoking 
Do you know that smell the smoke from cigarettes is even more dangerous than smoke it? Smoke 
exhaled by a smoker and smoke from the end of a burning cigarette is very harmful to our heart and 
lungs. Studies have confirmed that non-smokers who have smelled the smoke at home or at work 
increase their risk of heart disease by 25% - 30%. (according to ​healthywa.wa.gov.au​) 
4. Pollution 
Each year, smoking emits nearly 2.6 billion kilograms of carbon dioxide and 5.2 billion kilograms of 
methane into the atmosphere. Furthermore, tobacco agriculture also generates greenhouse gases of its 
own, in the form of CO2 from the diesel used in farm machinery, so it causes air pollution. (according to 
toconserve-energy-future.com​) 
5. Smoking Addiction 
Every smoker is addicted to nicotine, which is a chemical inside the tobacco leaves. It’s very hard to 
stop smoking permanently, obviously there are very few people can quit smoking. Quitting cigarettes is 
the best way to reduce early death for the smoker (according to ​drugabuse.gov​) 
6. Oral problems 
Smokers have more teeth and mouth problems than non-smokers, like mouth sores, ulcers, and gum 
disease. Smoking reduces blood flows through gums so it easier to have cavities and lose teeth. 
Warning sign of gum disease is red or swollen gums. (according to ​cdc.gov​) 
7. Heart Diseases 
Smoking causes Atherosclerosis, in which a substance called plaque is created inside the arteries. At a 
long time, this plaque becomes harden and makes the arteries narrower. This interferes the oxygen to 
go all around the body. Besides, cigarettes also cause high blood pressure. (according to ​nhlbi.nih.gov​) 
8. Tired Muscles 
Nicotine affects the brain to release more energy and reduces stress, but this effect is for a very short 
time. In long term, when you smoke, less oxygen and blood flow through your muscles. Missing oxygen 
makes your muscle tired more quickly, creates more pains and lower energy for the smoker. (according 
to ​ncbi.nlm.nih.go​v) 
9. Skin Changing 
Smoking is super bad for you, especially when you’re a woman. It creates bag under your eyes, 
psoriasis, and the worst thing is wrinkles will appear on your face very soon. In addition, cigarettes 
increase the risks of skin cancer. You don’t want your skin to be yellow, do you? (according to 
smokefree.gov​) 
10. Smoking and Pregnancy 
Women who smoke during pregnancy have more chance of having a miscarriage. If not, the baby will be 
born early and low birth weight. The baby has to stay in the hospital in a longer period of time and some 
may die. If you don’t smoke, your baby has more oxygen inside. (according to c ​ dc.gov​) 
11. The immune system 
Your illness will last-longer and more severe when you smoke a lot because there are lower levels of 
protective antioxidants and easy to get the infection. That’s the reason why you might get several 
cancers when using cigarettes. There is poison in cigarettes, for examples, cadmium used in batteries, 
methanol in rocket fuel... (according to b ​ etterhealth.vic.gov.au​) 
 
How to skip smoking? 
1. Make a Quit Plan 
2. Relax 
3. Keep yourself busy 
4. Stay Positive 
5. Ask for help 
6. Read this report 
 
Conclusion 
After reading this report, do you still think that smoking is cool? Use the research in my report to stop 
people you know from smoking. Thank you and hope you can quit using cigarettes. 
 
 
References:  
(1) Health Effects. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://smokefree.gov/quit-smoking/why-you-should-quit/health-effects 
(2) quitnow - Eye damage. (2018). Retrieved from 
http://www.quitnow.gov.au/internet/quitnow/publishing.nsf/content/eye-damage 
(3) Passive smoking and your health. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/N_R/Passive-smoking-and-your-health 
(4) 10 Serious Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Environment and Human Health - Conserve Energy 
Future. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/serious-effects-cigarette-smoking-environment-and-human-h
ealth.php 
(5) Is nicotine addictive?. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/tobacco-nicotine-e-cigarettes/nicotine-addi
ctive\ 
(6) Smoking, Gum Disease, and Tooth Loss. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/periodontal-gum-disease.html 
(7) Smoking and Your Heart | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). (2018). Retrieved from 
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/smoking-and-your-heart 
(8) Al-Bashaireh AM , et al. (2018, July 11). The Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Musculoskeletal Health: 
A Systematic Review. - PubMed - NCBI. Retrieved from 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30112011 
 
(9)Health Effects. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://smokefree.gov/quit-smoking/why-you-should-quit/health-effects 
(10) Tobacco Use and Pregnancy | Reproductive Health | CDC. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/tobaccousepregnancy/index.htm 
(11) Smoking - effects on your body. (2018). Retrieved from 
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/smoking-effects-on-your-body