Project EsteemCAD Module

Title Design of Precast and Prestressed Double Tee Beam

Designed by: Checked by: Date:
25/4/2018
Calculation Reference

EC2-1-1

1
PCI Design Handbook, 6th
Edition

Table 3.1 / EC2-1-1

Table 3.1 / EC2-1-1

EN 10138-3

3.3.6(3) / EC2-1-1

PCI Design Handbook, 6th

Edition

2
5.10.6 Eq.(5.46)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6) Eq.(3.8)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6) Eq.(3.9)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6) Eq.(3.10)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6)Table 3.3/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.11)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.12)/EC2-1-1

3
Annex B Eq.(B.11)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6) Eq.(3.9)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6) Eq.(3.12)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6) Eq.(3.8)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.1)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.2)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.3b)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.8c)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.4)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.5)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.7)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.8b)/EC2-1-1

4
Annex B Eq.(B.2)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.1)/EC2-1-1

3.3.2.(7) Eq.(3.29)/EC2-1-1

5.10.3.(2)/EC2-1-1

5.10.3(2)Eq.(5.43)/EC2-1-1

3.3.2.(8)/EC2-1-1

3.3.2.(6)/EC2-1-1

5.10.2.2(5)/EC2-1-1

5
5.10.6 Eq.(5.46)/EC2-1-1

5.10.3(4)/EC2-1-1

5.10.2.2Eq.(5.42)/EC2-1-1

7.3.2(4)/EC2-1-1

7.3.2(2)/EC2-1-1

3.1.3 Table 3.1/EC2-1-1

6
7
Chapter 6/DPC-EC2

3.1.6 Eq.(3.15)/EC2-1-1

Figure 3.4/EC2-1-1

3.1.7.(3)Eq.(3.19)/EC2-1-1

3.1.7.(3)Eq.(3.21)/EC2-1-1

6.3.3. Eq.(6.11)/DPC-EC2

6.3.3. Eq.(6.13)/DPC-EC2

6.3.3. Eq.(6.14)/DPC-EC2

3.1.3 Table 3.1/EC2-1-1

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6.3.3. Eq.(6.15)/DPC-EC2

6.5. Eq.(6.36)/DPC-EC2

6.5. Eq.(6.37)/DPC-EC2

9
6.4.2. Eq.(6.24)/DPC-EC2

10
6.4.3.2./EN1990

6.2.2.Eq.(6.4)/EC2-1-1

6.2.3.Eq.(6.16)/EC2-1-1

3.1.6.Eq.(3.16)/EC2-1-1

3.1.3 Table 3.1/EC2-1-1

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8.10.2.2Eq.(8.16)/EC2-1-1

8.10.2.2Eq.(8.15)/EC2-1-1

3.1.3 Table 3.1/EC2-1-1

3.1.6.Eq.(3.16)/EC2-1-1

8.10.2.2Eq.(8.18)/EC2-1-1

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6.2.2.Eq.(6.4)/EC2-1-1

9.2.2.Eq.(9.4 & 9.5N)/EC2-

1-1

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Project Comparison between SNI 7833 and EC2
Title Design of Precast and Prestressed Rectangular Beam
Designed by: Checked by: Date:
Hadhri Yusuf 27/4/2018
Calculation Reference
Design for Serviceability

Crack Control

Prestressing Steel – 12 nos. of 12.5mm Strands

Input Parameter

Section properties – Precast Rectangular Beam

Width, b = 300 mm
Depth, h = 800 mm
Effective depth, d = 660 mm

Use concrete class – C30/35 3.1.3 Table 3.1/EC2-1-1

Characteristic compressive cylinder strength of concrete at 28 days - fck
fck = 35 MPa

Use 12 no. of 12.5 mm diameter strands for the prestressing steel,

Area of strands = 99 mm2
Prestressing Steel area, Aps = 12 x 99 = 1188 mm2
Characteristic tensile strength of prestressing steel, fpk
fpk = 1860 MPa
Characteristic 0.1% proof stress of prestressing steel, fp0,1k
fp0,1k = 1600 MPa
Span, = 12.0 m

The beam is under the following loads:

Loading-UDL, w Moment in mid-span, M
Self-weight 0.8 x 0.3 x 25 kN/m3 6.0 kN/m x 122/8
= 6.0 kN/m = 108 kN.m

Additional dead = 15.0 kN/m 15.0 kN/m x 122/8

load (imposed) = 270 kN.m

Live load = 18.2 kN/m 18.2 kN/m x 122/8

= 327.6 kN.m

Sum = 39.2 kN/m = 705.6 kN.m

(Services Load) (Applied Services
Moment, Mk)

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Check concrete stress

Initial prestress, σpmo = min {0.75 fpk, 0.85 fp0,1k) 5.10.3(2)/EC2-1-1

σpmo = min {0.75(1860), 0.85(1600))
σpmo = min {1395, 1360)
σpmo = 1360 MPa

Assume 20% of Prestress Losses

Effective prestress, σpmt = (1.0-0.2) σpmo
σpmt = 0.8(1360)
σpmt = 1088 MPa
Check tension at services load

Effective Prestress Force, Pm,t = σpmo x Aps

Pm,t = 1088 x 1188
Pm,t = 1292.52 kN
Cross-sectional area of concrete, Ac = b x h = 300 x 800
Ac = 240 x 103 mm2

Eccentricity, e =d – h/2 = 660 – 800/2

e = 260 mm

 
Section modulus, S = 
= 
S = 32 x 106 mm3

Check Stress Using Linear Elastic Theory:

.  . .() .

ft = + − = + −

      

ft = - 6.16 MPa (tension)

Limitation of concrete stress

Concrete tensile stress

σct,p = fctm 7.3.2(4)/EC2-1-1

fctm = 0.30   for concrete class ≤ C50/60

σct,p = fctm = 0.30 ! (35)
σct,p = 3.2 MPa < ft = 6.16 MPa (Tension)

The concrete section will crack. Hence, crack control method according to EN
1992-1-1 by limiting spacing and size of the reinforcement to control crack
caused by the tensile force.

Crack Control

The following crack control calculation is based on example 5.2 from ‘Precast Chapter 5/PCS-2
Concrete Structures, 2nd Edition Book by Kim S. Elliott’

Modulus of Elasticity of Strands, Ep = 195 GPa 3.3.6(3)/EC2-1-1

Secant Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete at 28 days,

$ .  . 3.1.3 Table 3.1/EC2-1-1
Ecm =22 # 
%&
' = 22 # '

where fcm = fck + 8 = 35 + 8 = 43
MPa
Ecm = 34 GPa

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Annex B Eq.(B.1)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.2)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.3b)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.8c)/EC2-1-1

3.1.4.(6) Eq.(3.10)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.4)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.5)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.7)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.8b)/EC2-1-1

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 Annex B Eq.(B.2)/EC2-1-1

Annex B Eq.(B.1)/EC2-1-1

Effective Modulus of Elasticity for concrete, Ec,eff

( 
Ec,eff = )*%& = ). 7.4.3(5)Eq.7.20/EC2-1-1
(+,-.)
Ec,eff = 12.217 GPa
(/  5.2.5./PCS-2
Modular ratio, m = ( = .
%,011
m = 15.96

Flexurally Uncracked Section

Moment of Inertia for concrete section, Ic

   
Ic = =
 
Ic = 1.28 x 1010 mm4

Transformed area of steel, Ats = As (m – 1) at d from the top

Ats = 1188(15.96 - 1.0)
Ats = 17,772.48 mm2 at d = 660 mm

Depth to the centroidal axis for uncracked section, Xu 5.2.5.Eq.(5.44)/PCS-2

.
% )
2 345 .   ) ,.
Xu =
% )
2 34
=   ) ,.
Xu = 376.96 mm

Moment of Inertia for uncracked section, Iu 5.2.5.Eq.(5.45)/PCS-2

Iu = Ic + Ac (xu + 0.5h)2 + As (m – 1)(d - xu)2
Iu = 1.28 x 1010 + 240 x 103 (376.96 – 0.5(800))2 + 17,772.48 (660 - 376.96)2
Iu = 1.307 x 1010 mm4

Elastic section modulus at tension face, W

7 6 .9:
W = 48 = 4.
7
W = 30.894 x 106 mm3

Cracking moment of resistance, Mcr

Mcr = W x fctm = 30.894 x 106 x 3.2
Mcr = 98.86 x 106 N.mm = 98.86 kN.m

Flexurally Cracked Section

Transformed area of steel, Ats = Asm = 1188(15.96)

Ats = 18,960.48 mm2

Depth to the centroidal axis for uncracked section, Xc

;  ;  5.2.5.Eq.(5.46)/PCS-2

. % )
2 .3.5  % ) ,.
Xc = =

% )
2 .3 .% ) ,.

Xc(300 Xc + 18,960.48) = 150 Xc2 + 12,513,916.8

300 Xc2 + 18,960.48 Xc = 150 Xc2 + 12,513,916.8
150 Xc2+ 18,960.48 Xc - 12,513,916.8 = 0
Solve equation above using quadratic equation

4
<=
4> 4,.<=,. 44 ,,.

Xc = >
= 
Xc = 232.47 mm or Xc = -358.87 mm

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Moment of Inertia for cracked section, Icr
Icr = b x c3/3 + As (m)(d – xc)2 = 300 x 232.473/3 + 18,960.48(660 – 232.47)2
Icr = 4.722 x 109 mm4

Applied services stress in steel, σs

3.? (54% ) .(.)(4.)
σs = 6%@
= .A
σs = 1015.3 MPa

Minimum reinforcement areas for crack control

7.3.2(52)Eq.7.1/EC2-1-1
As,min.σs = kc.k.fct,eff Act where

kc = Coefficient which takes account of stress distribution within the section

immediately prior for cracking and of the changes of lever arm
For pure tension, kc = 1.0
fct,eff = mean value of tensile strength of concrete effective at the time when the
crack may first to be effective,
fct,eff = fcm = 3.2 MPa
Area of concrete within tensile zone, Act
Act = bh/2 = 300x800/2 = 120,000 mm2

Hence, min. Reinforcement area for crack control

As,min = kc.k.fct,eff Act / σs = 0.65 x 1.0 x 3.2 x 120,000 / 1015.3
As,min = 245.84 mm2
Area of prestressing steel provided to concrete beam, Aps = 1188 mm2 > As,min
= 245.84 mm2

Hence, crack control okay.

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Deflection control

Flexural rigidity - uncracked, K1 = Ec,eff x Iu

K1 = 12.217 x 103 x 1.307 x 1010
K1 = 1.597 x 1014 mm4

Flexural rigidity - cracked, K2 = Ec,eff x Icr

K2 = 12.217 x 103 x 4.722 x 109
K2 = 5.769 x 1013 mm4
5.2.4.Eq.(5.43)/PCS-2
Effective rigidity, Keff = K2 + [(K1 - K2)β(Mcr/Mk)2] < K1
β = 0.5 for long term load when section in flexurally cracked
Keff = 5.769 x 1013 + [(1.597 x 1014 - 5.769 x 1013)(0.5)(98.86/705.6)2] < 1.597
x 1014
Keff = 5.869 x 1013 < 1.597 x 1014 , OK

Effective moment of Inertia of the section, Ieff

Keff = Ieff x Ec,eff
Ieff = Keff /Ec,eff = 5.869 x 1013 / 12.217 x 103
Ieff = 4.804 x 109 mm4

Required tension reinforcement ratio at mid-span, ρ


ρ = /2 = ()()


ρ = 0.00495

Reference reinforcement ratio, ρo

ρo = 10 -3 = = 10 -3 √35
ρo = 0.00592 > ρ = 0.00495, hence use equation 7.16a for calculating the
Limiting span to depth ratio for deflection control

Limiting span to depth ratio


C DE D
5
= K [ 11 + 1.5 = D
+ 3.2 = ( DE – 1) 7.4.2 Eq.(7.16a)/EC2-1-1

For simply supported beam, K = 1.0


C . .
5
= 1.0 [ 11 + 1.5 √35 . + 3.2 √35(. – 1) ]
C
= 1.0 [ 11 + 8.97 + 1.388]
5
C
5
= 21.36

Allowable span length, H3> = 21.36 d

H3> = 21.36 (0.66)
H3> = 14.1 m > Span, H = 12.0 m

Deflection passed

Calculate deflection

 ? C   (. )()
Deflection, δ = =
 (%,01 601  (. )(.A )
δ = 22.51 mm

Limiting deflection control by Eurocode 2

IJKL,C 
δ max = = 7.4.1(4)/EC2-1-1
 

δ max = 48.0 mm > δ = 22.51 mm

Deflection passed

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