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2. Menghitung pH Larutan Garam
Campuran Mol
Habis Bereaksi Sisa Asam Sisa Basa
[OH⁻] = M . valensi
Asam kuat + [H⁺] = M . valensi
pH = 7 pOH = − log [OH⁻]
Basa kuat pH = − log [H⁺]
pH = 14 - pOH
[basa]
𝐾𝑤 [OH⁻] = Kb
Asam kuat + [H⁺] = √ [𝑀+ ] [H⁺] = M . valensi n × [garam]
𝐾𝑎 pH = − log [H⁺] pOH = − log [OH⁻]
Basa lemah
pH = − log [H⁺] pH = 14 - pOH
𝐾𝑤 [asam]
Asam lemah [OH⁻] = √ [𝐴⁻] [H + ] = Ka
[OH⁻] = M . valensi
𝐾𝑏 n × [garam] pOH = − log [OH⁻]
+ Basa kuat pOH = − log [OH⁻] pH = − log [H⁺] pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 – pOH
𝐾𝑎
Asam lemah [H⁺] = √ 𝐾𝑤
𝐾𝑏 - -
+ Basa lemah
3. Contoh Soal
Tentukan pH larutan 0.1 M NH₄Cl dan sifatnya! (Kb NH₃ = 1.8 . 10⁻⁵)
Garam berasal dari asam kuat dan basa lemah, sehingga yang terhidrolisis adalah
kationnya.
NH₄Cl(aq) → NH₄⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)
NH₄⁺(aq) + H₂O(l) ↔ NH₃(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)
𝐾𝑤
[H⁺] = √ [𝑀+ ]
𝐾𝑎
10⁻¹⁴
[H⁺] = √ [0.1]
1.8 . 10⁻⁵
[H + ] = 7.45 × 10⁻⁶
pH = 6 − log 7.45
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