Object A three-phase oil-immersed distribution transformer 2054-19

Type 1500kVA M/s IDECO Serial No. 389078

Rated power 1,5 MVA

Rated voltage 33 kV ± 3 x 2,5% / 415 V
Connection symbol Dyn11
Rated frequency 50 Hz

Manufacturer Pak Elektron Limited (PEL),

Ferozepur Road, Lahore-54760, Pakistan *)

Client Pak Elektron Limited (PEL),

Ferozepur Road, Lahore-54760, Pakistan
(ordered by Irbid District Electricity Co.Ltd (IDECO), Irbid, Jordan)

Tested by KEMA B.V.,

Utrechtseweg 310, Arnhem, the Netherlands
Date of tests 21, 22 and 26 February 2019

The object, constructed in accordance with the description, drawings and photographs incorporated in
this Certificate, has been subjected to the series of proving tests in accordance with

IEC 60076-5:2006 (Short-circuit tests)

This Certificate has been issued by DNV GL following exclusively the STL Guides.

The results are shown in the record of proving tests and the oscillograms attached hereto. The values
obtained and the general performance are considered to comply with the above standard and to
justify the ratings assigned by the manufacturer as listed on page 4 and the dynamic ability to
withstand short-circuits.

This Certificate applies only to the object tested. The responsibility for
conformity of any object having the same type references as that tested
rests with the Manufacturer.
*) as declared by the manufacturer

This Certificate consists of 51 pages in total.

KEMA B.V.

Shankar Subramany
Director, High-Power
Laboratory

Arnhem, 29 May 2019

Version: 1

Copyright: Only integral reproduction of this Certificate is permitted without written permission from KEMA B.V. Electronic copies as PDF or scan of this
Certificate may be available and have the status “for information only”. The sealed and bound version of the Certificate is the only valid version.
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INFORMATION SHEET
1 KEMA Type Test Certificate
A KEMA Type Test Certificate contains a record of a series of (type) tests carried out in accordance
with a recognized standard. The object tested has fulfilled the requirements of this standard and the
relevant ratings assigned by the manufacturer are endorsed by DNV GL. In addition, the object’s
technical drawings have been verified and the condition of the object after the tests is assessed and
recorded. The Certificate contains the essential drawings and a description of the object tested. A
KEMA Type Test Certificate signifies that the object meets all the requirements of the named
subclauses of the standard. It can be identified by gold-embossed lettering on the cover and a gold
seal on its front sheet.
The Certificate is applicable to the object tested only. DNV GL is responsible for the validity and the
contents of the Certificate. The responsibility for conformity of any object having the same type
references as the one tested rests with the manufacturer.
Detailed rules on types of certification are given in DNV GL’s Certification procedure applicable to
KEMA Laboratories.

2 KEMA Report of Performance

A KEMA Report of Performance is issued when an object has successfully completed and passed a
subset (but not all) of test programmes in accordance with a recognized standard. In addition, the
object’s technical drawings have been verified and the condition of the object after the tests is
assessed and recorded. The report is applicable to the object tested only. A KEMA Report of
Performance signifies that the object meets the requirements of the named subclauses of the
standard. It can be identified by silver-embossed lettering on the cover and a silver seal on its front
sheet.
The sentence on the front sheet of a KEMA Report of Performance will state that the tests have been
carried out in accordance with …… The object has complied with the relevant requirements.

3 KEMA Test Report

A KEMA Test Report is issued in all other cases. Reasons for issuing a KEMA Test Report could be:
• Tests were performed according to the client’s instructions.
• Tests were performed only partially according to the standard.
• No technical drawings were submitted for verification and/or no assessment of the condition of
the object after the tests was performed.
• The object failed one or more of the performed tests.
The KEMA Test Report can be identified by the grey-embossed lettering on the cover and grey seal on
its front sheet.
In case the number of tests, the test procedure and the test parameters are based on a recognized
standard and related to the ratings assigned by the manufacturer, the following sentence will appear
on the front sheet. The tests have been carried out in accordance with the client's instructions. Test
procedure and test parameters were based on ..... If the object does not pass the tests such
behaviour will be mentioned on the front sheet. Verification of the drawings (if submitted) and
assessment of the condition after the tests is only done on client's request.
When the tests, test procedure and/or test parameters are not in accordance with a recognized
standard, the front sheet will state the tests have been carried out in accordance with client’s
instructions.

4 Official and uncontrolled test documents

The official test documents of DNV GL are issued in bound form. Uncontrolled copies may be provided
as a digital file for convenience of reproduction by the client. The copyright has to be respected at all
times.

5 Accreditation of KEMA Laboratories

The KEMA Laboratories of DNV GL are accredited in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 by the respective
national accreditation bodies. KEMA Laboratories Arnhem, the Netherlands, is accredited by RvA under
nos. L020, L218, K006 and K009. KEMA Laboratories Chalfont, United States, is accredited by A2LA
under no. 0553.01. KEMA Laboratories Prague, the Czech Republic, is accredited by CAI as testing
laboratory no. 1035.
Version: 1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Identification of the object tested .................................................................................. 5

1.1 Ratings/characteristics of the object tested 5
1.2 Description of the object tested 6
1.3 List of drawings 6

2 General Information .................................................................................................... 7

2.1 The tests were witnessed by 7
2.2 The tests were carried out under responsibility of 7
2.3 The transformer was inspected by 7
2.4 Accuracy of measurement 7

3 Legend ...................................................................................................................... 8

4 Reactance measurement overview ................................................................................ 9

5 Calculation sheet short-circuit current .......................................................................... 10

6 Summary of tests...................................................................................................... 11

7 Routine tests before short-circuit tests ......................................................................... 14

7.1 Measurement of winding resistance 14
7.2 Measurement of voltage ratio and check of phase displacement 15
7.3 Measurement of short-circuit impedance and load loss 16
7.4 Measurement of no-load loss and current 17
7.5 Dielectric routine tests 18
7.5.1 Applied voltage test (AV) 18
7.5.2 Induced voltage withstand test (IVW) 18

8 Short-circuit tests ..................................................................................................... 19

8.1 Condition before test 19
8.2 Test circuit S02 20
8.3 Photograph before test 21
8.4 Test results and oscillograms 22
8.5 Condition after test 32

9 Additional thermal short-circuit test (5 s) ..................................................................... 33

9.1 Condition before test 33
9.2 Test circuit S02 34
9.3 Test results and oscillograms 35
9.4 Condition after test 37
9.5 Photograph after test 38

10 Routine tests after short-circuit tests ........................................................................... 39

10.1 Measurement of winding resistance 39
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10.2 Measurement of voltage ratio and check of phase displacement 40

10.3 Measurement of short-circuit impedance and load loss 41
10.4 Measurement of no-load loss and current 42
10.5 Dielectric routine tests 43
10.5.1 Applied voltage test (AV) 43
10.5.2 Induced voltage withstand test (IVW) 43
10.6 Check of core and frame insulation 44

11 Inspection of the active part ....................................................................................... 45

11.1 Photographs during inspection 46

12 Drawings.................................................................................................................. 50
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1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE OBJECT TESTED

1.1 Ratings/characteristics of the object tested

Rated voltage
• HV side 33 kV X
• LV side 415 V X
Tapping range HV ± 3 x 2,5 %
Rated power HV
• ONAN 1,5 MVA X
Rated power LV
• ONAN 1,5 MVA X
Short-circuit impedance at principal tapping
(measured by KEMA Laboratories)
• HV-LV winding 6,27 % X
Short-circuit impedance at principal tapping
(guaranteed value)
• HV-LV winding 6%
Connection and phase displacement symbol Dyn11 X
Rated frequency 50 Hz X
Category I X
Maximum system short-circuit power 500 MVA X
Guaranteed maximum temperature rise
• top liquid 50 K
• HV windings 55 K
• LV windings 55 K
Insulation levels HV
• LI 170 kV
• AC 70 kV
Insulation levels LV
• AC 3 kV
Insulation levels Neutral
• AC 3 kV
Insulation class A

X = This rating has been proved by the tests of this Certificate.

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1.2 Description of the object tested

A three-phase oil-immersed distribution transformer

Manufacturing year 2018

Number of phases 3
Rated current
• HV side 26,24 A
• LV side 2068 A
Total mass 5950 kg
Winding material
• HV side copper
• LV side copper
LV conductor type metal foil
Coil geometry non-circular
Insulating liquid
• mass 1278 kg
• type mineral oil
• standard IEC 60296

1.3 List of drawings

The manufacturer has guaranteed that the object submitted for tests has been manufactured in
accordance with the following drawings and/or documents. KEMA Laboratories has verified that these
drawings and/or documents adequately represent the object tested. The manufacturer is responsible
for the correctness of these drawings and/or documents and the technical data presented.

The following drawings and/or documents have been included in this Certificate:
Drawing no./document no. Revision
4995001 0
PEL S-3214 0

The following drawings and/or documents are only listed for reference and are kept in KEMA
Laboratories' files:
Drawing no./document no. Revision
4995010 0
347.30 0
4995021 0
4995983 0
MNB-00-000 0
3J-36-00Y0101 00
4995984 0
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2 GENERAL INFORMATION

2.1 The tests were witnessed by

Name Company
Shahid, M. A. Pak Elektron Limited (PEL),
Lahore, Pakistan

Salameh, M. SESCO,
Amman, Jordan

2.2 The tests were carried out under responsibility of

Name Company
Rosman, N KEMA B.V.,
Faber. R. Arnhem, the Netherlands
Gesthuizen, S
Chatzis, I.

2.3 The transformer was inspected by

Name Company
Uçar, A. KEMA B.V.,
Arnhem, the Netherlands

2.4 Accuracy of measurement

The guaranteed uncertainty for the measured voltages and currents taking into account the total
measuring system, is less than 5%, unless mentioned otherwise.
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3 LEGEND

Phase indications
If more than one phase is recorded on oscillogram, the phases are indicated by the digits 1, 2 and 3.
These phases 1, 2 and 3 correspond to the phase values in the columns of the accompanying table,
respectively from left to right.

Explanation of the letter symbols and abbreviations on the oscillograms

pu Per unit (the reference length of one unit is represented by the black bar on the
oscillogram)
I1pri Primary current transformer
I1sec Secondary current transformer
I2pri Primary current transformer
I2sec Secondary current transformer
I3pri Primary current transformer
I3sec Secondary current transformer
Itank Tank current test object
U1S Supply voltage
U2S Supply voltage
U3S Supply voltage
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4 REACTANCE MEASUREMENT OVERVIEW

Tap position 1
Test number Reactance
Measured between the Calculated per leg Change per leg
phases
  %
A-B B-C A-C A B C A B C
Before tests 108,99 107,78 108,48 164,36 160,72 162,80 - - -
AT 190221-6012 109,46 108,03 108,67 165,31 161,03 162,93 0,6 0,2 0,1
AT 190221-6014 109,58 108,19 108,78 165,48 161,32 163,07 0,7 0,4 0,2
AT 190221-6017 109,70 108,19 108,86 165,74 161,22 163,20 0,8 0,3 0,2
After tests 109,90 108,71 109,37 165,71 162,14 164,13 0,8 0,9 0,8

Tap position 4
Test number Reactance
Measured between the Calculated per leg Change per leg
phases
  %
A-B B-C A-C A B C A B C
Before tests 91,75 90,67 91,33 138,39 135,15 137,11 - - -
AT 190221-6019 92,43 91,30 91,80 139,54 136,15 137,63 0,8 0,7 0,4
AT 190221-6020 92,44 91,37 91,84 139,50 136,31 137,69 0,8 0,9 0,4
AT 190221-6021 92,46 91,42 91,85 139,54 136,39 137,69 0,8 0,9 0,4
After tests 92,54 91,49 92,11 139,56 136,41 138,25 0,8 0,9 0,8

Tap position 7
Test number Reactance
Measured between the Calculated per leg Change per leg
phases
  %
A-B B-C A-C A B C A B C
Before tests 76,54 75,64 76,19 115,44 112,76 114,37 - - -
AT 190221-6023 77,19 76,29 76,78 116,45 113,75 115,20 0,9 0,9 0,7
AT 190221-6024 77,19 76,32 76,84 116,41 113,80 115,33 0,8 0,9 0,8
AT 190221-6025 77,22 76,33 76,85 116,48 113,79 115,35 0,9 0,9 0,9
After tests 77,22 76,33 76,85 116,48 113,79 115,35 0,9 0,9 0,9

Maximum deviation
The maximum deviation in reactance per leg was 0,9%.
The maximum deviation allowed in accordance with the IEC 60076-5 is 7,5%.
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5 CALCULATION SHEET SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT

System power of: 500 MVA

System voltage of: 33 kV
Tap position 1 Max. 4 Nom. 7 Min.
Tap voltage 35,48 kV 33,00 kV 30,53 kV
Impedance voltage 6,43% 6,27% 6,08%
Resistance (75 °C) 0,65% 0,67% 0,69%

Tap position 1 Max.

Supply voltage: 35,48 kV
Terminal voltage: 35,48 kV
Short-circuit current Minimum value Rated Maximum value
HV current 341,9 A 379,9 A 417,9 A
LV current 29,23 kA 32,47 kA 35,72 kA
LV peak current 75,42 kA 79,39 kA 83,36 kA
HV reactance: 53,64 
HV inductance: 170,73 mH

Tap position 4 Nom.

Supply voltage: 33,00 kV
Terminal voltage: 33,00 kV
Short-circuit current Minimum value Rated Maximum value
HV current 376,8 A 418,7 A 460,5 A
LV current 29,96 kA 33,29 kA 36,62 kA
LV peak current 76,77 kA 80,81 kA 84,85 kA
HV reactance: 45,24 
HV inductance: 144,02 mH

Tap position 7 Min.

Supply voltage: 30,53 kV
Terminal voltage: 30,53 kV
Short-circuit current Minimum value Rated Maximum value
HV current 420,3 A 467,0 A 513,7 A
LV current 30,91 kA 34,35 kA 37,78 kA
LV peak current 78,52 kA 82,65 kA 86,79 kA
HV reactance: 37,49 
HV inductance: 119,35 mH

Peak factor according to IEC = 2,43 Zsupply / Ztransformer = 4,79%

Peak factor according to X/R = 2,43
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6 SUMMARY OF TESTS

Short-circuit tests
190221 190221 190221 190221 190221 190221
Test no.
6012 6014 6017 6019 6020 6021
Tap position 1 1 1 4 4 4

A kVRMS 21,5 22,0 21,3 19,3 19,5 19,5

Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning B kVRMS 21,4 21,9 21,3 19,2 19,4 19,4
C kVRMS 21,7 22,2 21,3 19,2 19,4 19,4

A kVRMS 21,5 22,0 21,3 19,2 19,4 19,4

Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end B kVRMS 21,4 21,9 21,2 19,1 19,4 19,4
C kVRMS 21,6 22,1 21,2 19,1 19,4 19,4

A Apeak -871 898 -896 -605 605 -604

Current, HV winding B Apeak 909 -926 893 964 -975 972
C Apeak 569 -588 581 -962 977 -977

A ARMS 373 382 377 401 405 405

Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning B ARMS 384 393 382 408 413 410
C ARMS 393 402 384 410 414 414

A ARMS 376 384 375 400 404 404

Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end B ARMS 384 393 380 406 411 410
C ARMS 391 400 383 407 412 412

A ARMS 374 383 376 400 405 405

Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average B ARMS 384 393 381 407 412 411
C ARMS 392 401 383 409 413 413

A kApeak -76,9 78,4 -79,2 -62,7 63,1 -62,9

Current, LV winding B kApeak 64,6 -65,4 61,3 79,9 -81,0 80,8
C kApeak 63,2 -65,0 64,1 -61,0 62,2 -62,3

A kARMS 30,9 31,6 31,7 31,3 31,6 31,6

Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning B kARMS 33,0 33,8 32,4 32,1 32,5 32,5
C kARMS 32,5 33,2 31,9 31,7 32,1 32,1

A kARMS 31,2 31,8 31,5 31,2 31,6 31,6

Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end B kARMS 32,8 33,6 32,2 31,9 32,3 32,3
C kARMS 32,5 33,2 31,9 31,6 31,9 31,9

A kARMS 31,0 31,7 31,6 31,2 31,6 31,6

Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average B kARMS 32,9 33,7 32,3 32,0 32,4 32,4
C kARMS 32,5 33,2 31,9 31,6 32,0 32,0

A s 0,506 0,510 0,500 0,515 0,514 0,514

Duration, current B s 0,507 0,511 0,501 0,514 0,514 0,514
C s 0,507 0,511 0,501 0,515 0,514 0,514

Observations
190221-6012 No visible disturbance.
190221-6014 No visible disturbance.
190221-6017 No visible disturbance.
190221-6019 No visible disturbance.
190221-6020 No visible disturbance.
190221-6021 No visible disturbance.
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Short-circuit tests (continued)

190221 190221 190221
Test no.
6023 6024 6025
Tap position 7 7 7

A kVRMS 18,2 18,2 18,2

Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning B kVRMS 18,2 18,2 18,2
C kVRMS 18,2 18,2 18,2

A kVRMS 18,2 18,2 18,2

Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end B kVRMS 18,1 18,1 18,1
C kVRMS 18,1 18,1 18,1

A Apeak -1074 1073 -1064

Current, HV winding B Apeak -690 690 -704
C Apeak 1084 -1084 1090

A ARMS 457 456 456

Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning B ARMS 463 463 462
C ARMS 462 462 462

A ARMS 454 454 454

Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end B ARMS 462 461 461
C ARMS 463 463 462

A ARMS 456 455 455

Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average B ARMS 462 462 462
C ARMS 463 462 462

A kApeak -63,7 63,6 -62,5

Current, LV winding B kApeak -66,1 66,1 -66,9
C kApeak 82,8 -82,9 82,7

A kARMS 33,0 33,0 33,0

Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning B kARMS 33,6 33,6 33,6
C kARMS 33,4 33,3 33,3

A kARMS 32,9 32,8 32,8

Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end B kARMS 33,6 33,6 33,5
C kARMS 33,2 33,1 33,1

A kARMS 33,0 32,9 32,9

Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average B kARMS 33,6 33,6 33,6
C kARMS 33,3 33,2 33,2

A s 0,517 0,517 0,518

Duration, current B s 0,517 0,517 0,518
C s 0,517 0,517 0,517

Observations
190221-6023 No visible disturbance.
190221-6024 No visible disturbance.
190221-6025 No visible disturbance.
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Additional thermal short-circuit test (5 s)

190221
Test no.
6027
Tap position 7

A kVRMS 18,8
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning B kVRMS 18,7
C kVRMS 18,7

A kVRMS 18,3
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end B kVRMS 18,3
C kVRMS 18,3

A Apeak 717
Current, HV winding B Apeak 701
C Apeak -753

A ARMS 468
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning B ARMS 476
C ARMS 477

A ARMS 464
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end B ARMS 471
C ARMS 473

A ARMS 465
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average B ARMS 460
C ARMS 474

A kApeak 49,1
Current, LV winding B kApeak 53,3
C kApeak -54,0

A kARMS 33,9
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning B kARMS 34,6
C kARMS 34,1

A kARMS 33,5
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end B kARMS 34,3
C kARMS 33,8

A kARMS 33,4
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average B kARMS 34,4
C kARMS 34,0

A s 5,06
Duration, current B s 5,06
C s 5,06

Observations
190221-6027 No visible disturbance.
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7 ROUTINE TESTS BEFORE SHORT-CIRCUIT TESTS

Standard and date

Standard IEC 60076-1, clause 11.1.2
Test date 21 February 2019

Transformer new.

Environmental conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1025 hPa
Humidity 10 g/m3

7.1 Measurement of winding resistance

DC-winding resistances at 19,1 °C

HV winding () LV winding (m)
Terminals Tap position Terminals
1 4 7
A-B 4,036 3,726 3,421 a-b 0,4874
A-C 4,037 3,727 3,423 a-c 0,4999
B-C 4,036 3,725 3,416 b-c 0,4866
Average 4,036 3,726 3,420 Average 0,4913

Requirement
None.

Result
The results are for information only.
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7.2 Measurement of voltage ratio and check of phase

displacement

Ratio for Dyn11

Tap position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Declared ratio 148,06 144,62 141,17 137,73 134,29 130,84 127,40
Phase 1 148,10 144,63 141,17 137,72 134,29 130,87 127,41
Phase 2 148,10 144,64 141,18 137,72 134,29 130,88 127,41
Phase 3 148,10 144,64 141,18 137,72 134,29 130,88 127,41
Average 148,10 144,64 141,18 137,72 134,29 130,88 127,41
Deviation from declared ratio (%) 0,03 0,01 0,00 -0,01 0,00 0,03 0,01

Requirement
IEC 60076-1, table 1: for the principal tapping: ± 0,5% of declared ratio or ± 1/10 of actual
percentage impedance on the principal tapping, whichever is smaller.

Result
The measured average voltage ratio on the principal tapping is within the tolerances.
Vector group has been verified and determined Dyn11.
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7.3 Measurement of short-circuit impedance and load loss

Load loss and characteristics at θref of 75 °C

Tap position 1 4 7
Load-losses kW 9,82 10,10 10,40
RK  5,49 4,89 4,31
UR % 0,65 0,67 0,69
XK  53,64 45,24 37,49
UX % 6,39 6,23 6,04
ZK  53,92 45,51 37,74
UK % 6,43 6,27 6,08

Requirement
Item Guaranteed Tolerances Minimum Maximum
value 1) (IEC 60076-1, table 1) allowed value allowed value
Load losses 2) kW 10,83 + 15% n.a. -
Impedance voltage 2) % 6 ± 10% - -
1) In accordance with client’s specification.
2) In principal tapping position at reference temperature.

Result
The results are used for further calculations and are for information only.
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7.4 Measurement of no-load loss and current

No-load losses and currents at 110% of rated voltage in tap position: 4

Phase Urms U' I I/In x 100 P Po
V V A % W W
a 452,9 452,4 3,24 0,16 729 -
b 458,2 457,2 2,47 0,12 446 -
c 458,0 457,3 2,26 0,11 544 -
Average 456,4 455,6 2,66 0,13 - -
Total 1719 1717

No-load losses and currents at 100% of rated voltage in tap position: 4

Phase Urms U' I I/In x 100 P Po
V V A % W W
a 416,1 415,7 3,05 0,15 578 -
b 416,9 416,1 2,51 0,12 361 -
c 416,1 415,5 2,17 0,10 441 -
Average 416,4 415,8 2,58 0,12 - -
Total 1380 1378

No-load losses and currents at 90% of rated voltage in tap position: 4

Phase Urms U' I I/In x 100 P Po
V V A % W W
a 375,3 374,8 2,80 0,13 459 -
b 375,3 374,3 2,39 0,11 291 -
c 374,6 373,9 2,03 0,10 349 -
Average 375,1 374,3 2,41 0,12 - -
Total 1099 1097

 U '−U RMS 
P0 = P 1 +
Note: The no-load losses are calculated with the formula  U '  where U' = 1,11 x Umean

Requirement
Item 1) Guaranteed Tolerances Maximum allowed value
value (IEC 60076-1, table 1)
No-load losses W 1540 + 15% -
Total losses 1) kW - + 10% -
No-load current 1) A - + 30% of the design value -
1) In principal tapping position at reference temperature.
2) In accordance with client’s specification.

Result
The results are for information only.
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7.5 Dielectric routine tests

7.5.1 Applied voltage test (AV)

Tap position Winding Applied voltage Duration Frequency

kV min Hz
4 HV 70 1 50
LV 3 1 50

Requirement
No collapse of the test voltage shall occur.

Result
The object passed the test.

7.5.2 Induced voltage withstand test (IVW)

Tap position Winding Induced voltage Duration Frequency

phase-to-phase
V min Hz
4 LV 830 1 100

Requirement
No collapse of the test voltage shall occur.

Result
The object passed the test.
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8 SHORT-CIRCUIT TESTS

Standard and date

Standard IEC 60076-5, subclause 4.2
Test date 21 February 2019

8.1 Condition before test

Transformer in same condition.

Supply to HV windings.
LV windings pre-set short-circuited and earthed.
Tank earthed.
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8.2 Test circuit S02

TO
G MB MS L PT R1CS
U  

U  

U  

G = Generator TO = Test Object U = Voltage Measurement to earth

MB = Master Breaker L = Reactor I = Current Measurement
MS = Make Switch R = Resistor
PT = Power Transformer C = Capacitor

Supply Voltage control elements added

(supply)
Power MVA 500
C1 µF 1,2
Frequency Hz 50
R1  400
Phase(s) 3
Voltage kV 33
Current kA 8,75
Impedance  2,18
Power factor < 0,1
Neutral isolated

Load
Short-circuit point earthed

Remarks: -
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8.3 Photograph before test

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8.4 Test results and oscillograms

Overview of test numbers

190221-6012, 6014, 6017, 6019 to 6021, 6023 to 6025

Remarks
-
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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6012

Phase A B C
Tap position 1
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 21,5 21,4 21,7
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 21,5 21,4 21,6
Current, HV winding Apeak -871 909 569
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 373 384 393
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 376 384 391
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 374 384 392
Current, LV winding kApeak -76,9 64,6 63,2
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 30,9 33,0 32,5
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 31,2 32,8 32,5
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 31,0 32,9 32,5
Duration, current s 0,506 0,507 0,507

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6014

Phase A B C
Tap position 1
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 22,0 21,9 22,2
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 22,0 21,9 22,1
Current, HV winding Apeak 898 -926 -588
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 382 393 402
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 384 393 400
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 383 393 401
Current, LV winding kApeak 78,4 -65,4 -65,0
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 31,6 33,8 33,2
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 31,8 33,6 33,2
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 31,7 33,7 33,2
Duration, current s 0,510 0,511 0,511

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6017

Phase A B C
Tap position 1
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 21,3 21,3 21,3
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 21,3 21,2 21,2
Current, HV winding Apeak -896 893 581
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 377 382 384
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 375 380 383
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 376 381 383
Current, LV winding kApeak -79,2 61,3 64,1
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 31,7 32,4 31,9
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 31,5 32,2 31,9
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 31,6 32,3 31,9
Duration, current s 0,500 0,501 0,501

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6019

Phase A B C
Tap position 4
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 19,3 19,2 19,2
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 19,2 19,1 19,1
Current, HV winding Apeak -605 964 -962
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 401 408 410
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 400 406 407
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 400 407 409
Current, LV winding kApeak -62,7 79,9 -61,0
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 31,3 32,1 31,7
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 31,2 31,9 31,6
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 31,2 32,0 31,6
Duration, current s 0,515 0,514 0,515

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6020

Phase A B C
Tap position 4
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 19,5 19,4 19,4
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 19,4 19,4 19,4
Current, HV winding Apeak 605 -975 977
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 405 413 414
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 404 411 412
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 405 412 413
Current, LV winding kApeak 63,1 -81,0 62,2
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 31,6 32,5 32,1
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 31,6 32,3 31,9
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 31,6 32,4 32,0
Duration, current s 0,514 0,514 0,514

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6021

Phase A B C
Tap position 4
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 19,5 19,4 19,4
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 19,4 19,4 19,4
Current, HV winding Apeak -604 972 -977
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 405 410 414
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 404 410 412
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 405 411 413
Current, LV winding kApeak -62,9 80,8 -62,3
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 31,6 32,5 32,1
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 31,6 32,3 31,9
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 31,6 32,4 32,0
Duration, current s 0,514 0,514 0,514

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6023

Phase A B C
Tap position 7
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 18,2 18,2 18,2
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 18,2 18,1 18,1
Current, HV winding Apeak -1074 -690 1084
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 457 463 462
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 454 462 463
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 456 462 463
Current, LV winding kApeak -63,7 -66,1 82,8
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 33,0 33,6 33,4
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 32,9 33,6 33,2
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 33,0 33,6 33,3
Duration, current s 0,517 0,517 0,517

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6024

Phase A B C
Tap position 7
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 18,2 18,2 18,2
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 18,2 18,1 18,1
Current, HV winding Apeak 1073 690 -1084
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 456 463 462
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 454 461 463
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 455 462 462
Current, LV winding kApeak 63,6 66,1 -82,9
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 33,0 33,6 33,3
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 32,8 33,6 33,1
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 32,9 33,6 33,2
Duration, current s 0,517 0,517 0,517

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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Short-circuit test

Test number: 190221-6025

Phase A B C
Tap position 7
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, beginning kVRMS 18,2 18,2 18,2
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground, end kVRMS 18,2 18,1 18,1
Current, HV winding Apeak -1064 -704 1090
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, beginning ARMS 456 462 462
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, end ARMS 454 461 462
Current, a.c. component, HV winding, average ARMS 455 462 462
Current, LV winding kApeak -62,5 -66,9 82,7
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, beginning kARMS 33,0 33,6 33,3
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, end kARMS 32,8 33,5 33,1
Current, a.c. component, LV winding, average kARMS 32,9 33,6 33,2
Duration, current s 0,518 0,518 0,517

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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8.5 Condition after test

Externally no visible change.

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9 ADDITIONAL THERMAL SHORT-CIRCUIT TEST (5 s)

Standard and date

Standard IEC 60076
Test date 21 February 2019

9.1 Condition before test

Transformer in same condition.

Supply to HV windings.
LV windings pre-set short-circuited and earthed.
Tank earthed.
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9.2 Test circuit S02

TO
G MB MS L PT R1CS
U  

U  

U  

G = Generator TO = Test Object U = Voltage Measurement to earth

MB = Master Breaker L = Reactor I = Current Measurement
MS = Make Switch R = Resistor
PT = Power Transformer C = Capacitor

Supply Voltage control elements added

(supply)
Power MVA 500
C1 µF 1,2
Frequency Hz 50
R1  400
Phase(s) 3
Voltage kV 33
Current kA 8,75
Impedance  2,18
Power factor < 0,1
Neutral isolated

Load
Short-circuit point earthed

Remarks: -
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9.3 Test results and oscillograms

Overview of test numbers

190221-6027

Remarks
-
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Additional thermal short-circuit test (5 s)

Test number: 190221-6027

Phase A B C
Tap position 7
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground,
kVRMS 18,8 18,7 18,7
beginning
Applied voltage, phase-to-ground,
kVRMS 18,3 18,3 18,3
end
Current, HV winding Apeak 717 701 -753
Current, a.c. component, HV winding,
ARMS 468 476 477
beginning
Current, a.c. component, HV winding,
ARMS 464 471 473
end
Current, a.c. component, HV winding,
ARMS 465 460 474
average
Current, LV winding kApeak 49,1 53,3 -54,0
Current, a.c. component, LV winding,
kARMS 33,9 34,6 34,1
beginning
Current, a.c. component, LV winding,
kARMS 33,5 34,3 33,8
end
Current, a.c. component, LV winding,
kARMS 33,4 34,4 34,0
average
Duration, current s 5,06 5,06 5,06

Observations: No visible disturbance.

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9.4 Condition after test

Externally no visible change.

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9.5 Photograph after test

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10 ROUTINE TESTS AFTER SHORT-CIRCUIT TESTS

Standard and date

Standard IEC 60076-1, clause 11.1.2
Test date 22 February 2019

Transformer in same condition.

Environmental conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1036 hPa
Temperature of test object Humidity 10 g/m3

10.1 Measurement of winding resistance

DC-winding resistances at 16,2 °C

HV winding () LV winding (m)
Terminals Tap position Terminals
1 4 7
A-B 3,946 3,642 3,343 a-b 0,4649
A-C 3,947 3,645 3,346 a-c 0,4774
B-C 3,946 3,642 3,340 b-c 0,4673
Average 3,946 3,643 3,343 Average 0,4699

Requirement
None.

Result
The results are used for further calculations and are for information only.
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10.2 Measurement of voltage ratio and check of phase

displacement

Ratio for Dyn11

Tap position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Declared ratio 148,06 144,62 141,17 137,73 134,29 130,84 127,40
Phase 1 148,10 144,63 141,16 137,71 134,32 130,86 127,39
Phase 2 148,09 144,62 141,17 137,70 134,31 130,85 127,39
Phase 3 148,09 144,63 141,17 137,70 134,32 130,85 127,39
Average 148,09 144,63 141,17 137,70 134,32 130,85 127,39
Deviation from declared ratio (%) 0,02 0,01 0,00 -0,02 0,02 0,01 -0,01

Requirement
IEC 60076-1, table 1: for the principal tapping: ± 0,5% of declared ratio or ± 1/10 of actual
percentage impedance on the principal tapping, whichever is smaller.

Result
The measured average voltage ratio on the principal tapping is within the tolerances.
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10.3 Measurement of short-circuit impedance and load loss

Load loss and characteristics at θref of 75 °C

Tap position 1 4 7
Load-losses kW 9,64 9,92 10,22
RK  5,39 4,80 4,23
UR % 0,64 0,66 0,68
XK  54,02 45,56 37,79
UX % 6,44 6,28 6,08
ZK  54,29 45,81 38,03
UK % 6,47 6,31 6,12

Result
The results are for information only.
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10.4 Measurement of no-load loss and current

No-load losses and currents at 110% of rated voltage in tap position: 4

Phase Urms U' I I/In x 100 P Po
V V A % W W
a 455,5 456,2 3,19 0,15 735 -
b 456,9 456,6 2,48 0,12 453 -
c 455,6 455,8 2,23 0,11 541 -
Average 456,0 456,2 2,63 0,13 - -
Total 1729 1729

No-load losses and currents at 100% of rated voltage in tap position: 4

Phase Urms U' I I/In x 100 P Po
V V A % W W
a 414,1 415,5 3,00 0,14 575 -
b 415,4 415,5 2,49 0,12 363 -
c 415,1 415,7 2,15 0,10 441 -
Average 414,9 415,6 2,55 0,12 - -
Total 1378 1380

No-load losses and currents at 90% of rated voltage in tap position: 4

Phase Urms U' I I/In x 100 P Po
V V A % W W
a 372,8 373,8 2,75 0,13 455 -
b 374,2 374,1 2,37 0,11 294 -
c 372,5 373,1 2,00 0,10 346 -
Average 373,2 373,7 2,37 0,11 - -
Total 1095 1096

 U '−U RMS 
P0 = P 1 +
Note: The no-load losses are calculated with the formula  U '  where U' = 1,11 x Umean

Result
The results are for information only.
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10.5 Dielectric routine tests

10.5.1 Applied voltage test (AV)

Tap position Winding Applied voltage Duration Frequency

kV min Hz
4 HV 70 1 50
LV 3 1 50

Requirement
No collapse of the test voltage shall occur.

Result
The object passed the test.

10.5.2 Induced voltage withstand test (IVW)

Tap position Winding Induced voltage Duration Frequency

phase-to-phase
V min Hz
4 LV 830 1 100

Requirement
No collapse of the test voltage shall occur.

Result
The object passed the test.
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10.6 Check of core and frame insulation

Standard and date

Standard IEC 60076-1, clause 11.12
Test date 22 February 2019

Environmental conditions
Ambient temperature 18 °C Ambient air pressure 1036 hPa
Temperature of test object 16,2 °C Humidity 10 g/m3

Characteristic test data

Applied voltage 2,5 kVd.c.
Duration 60 s
Core and frame earth connections accessible

Measured core and frame insulation

Voltage applied to Earth connected to Measured insulation resistance
G
Core connector Tank 5,51

Requirement
No breakdown.

Result
The object passed the test.
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11 INSPECTION OF THE ACTIVE PART

On 26 February 2019 the transformer was untanked and the active part was inspected.
The out-of-tank inspection with respect to displacements, deformations of core and windings,
connections and supporting structures or traces of discharges did not reveal any apparent defects.
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11.1 Photographs during inspection

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12 DRAWINGS
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