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Bahasa Inggris

16 TENSES

OLEH:
 CINDY NURSASMITA RAMLY
 X IPA 1

SMA NEGERI 2 GOWA

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TAHUN AJARAN 2019/2020
1. PENGERTIAN TENSES

Tenses merupakan perubahan kata kerja berdasarkan urutan waktu. Itu yang
membedakan Bahasa kita, Bahasa Indonesia dengan Bahasa inggris. Dalam Bahasa
Indonesia tidak ada perubahan kata kerja meskipun kejadiannya berlangsung
kemarin, sekarang atau besok. Tenses dibagi menjadi PRESENT ( Sekarang ),
PAST ( Lampau ), dan FUTURE ( Akan Datang ). Dan jumlah keseluruhannya ada
16 Tenses.
2. JENIS-JENIS TENSES

1. Simple Present Tense

Dalam bahasa Inggris Present Tense atau Simple Present Tense digunakan
untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kejadian, kegiatan, aktivitas dan sebagainya yang
terjadi saat ini. Present Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu Fakta, atau
sesuatu yang tejadi berulang-ulang dimasa KINI. Ingat, PRESENT artinya adalah
kini, sekarang.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + To be 1 + Non Verb + Object
- Subject + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh :
1. She is an english teacher
2. I speak english every day

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + To be 1 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
- Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh :

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1. She is not an english teacher
2. I don't speak english everyday

 (?) Tanya
- To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?
- DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
Contoh :
1. Is She an English Teacher?
2. Do You Speak english everyday

2. Present Continuous Tense


Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukan kejadian yang terjadi sekarang
atau juga rencana di masa depan.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- subject + to be (am, is, are) + Verb – ing + object
Contoh:
1. She is watching TV now

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- subject + to be + not + verb – ing + object
Contoh:
1. She is not watching TV now

 (?) Bentuk Tanya

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- to be + subject + verb – ing + object
Contoh:
1. Is She watching TV now

3. Present Perfect Tense


Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah dimulai
pada suatu titik dan berlangsung hingga sekarang.

 (+) Bentuk positif


- Subject + has/have + been + object
- Subject + has/have + Verb III + object
Contoh:
1. He has been at home since morning
2. I have studied English For Three Years

 (–) Bentuk negative


- Subject + has / have + not + been + object
Contoh:
1. He has not been at home since morning

- Subject +has / have + not + verb III + object


Contoh:
1. I have not studied English For Three Years

 ( ? ) Bentuk interrogative
- Have / has + subject + been + object

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Contoh:
1. Has He been at home since morning

- Have / has + Subject + verb III + object


Contoh:
1. Have I studied English For Three Years

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense


Tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan satu kejadian yang dimulai pada
masa lalu dan terus berlanjut.
 ( + ) Bentuk positif
- Subject + has/have + been + V-ing
Contoh:
1. She Has not been reading book for an hour

 ( – ) Bentuk negative
- Subject + has / have + not + been + V-ing
Contoh:
1. She Has not been reading book for an hour

 ( ? ) Bentuk interrogative
- Have / has + subject + been + V-ing
Contoh:
1. Has she been reading a book for an hour

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5. Simple Past Tense
Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah terjadi pada
waktu tertentu di masa lalu.

 (+) Bentuk Positif :


 -Subject + was/were + complement (pelengkap)
 -Subject + Verb II + Object
Contoh :
1. I saw a movie yesterday
2. Last year, Daniel was here

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


 Subject + to be (was/were) + not + complement
 Subject + did not + Verb I + Object
Contoh :
1. I did not see him yesterday
2. She was not here yesterday
Bentuk did not atau was/were not bisa disingkat menjadi didn’t atau wasn’t dan
weren’t
 (?) Bentuk Interrogative :
 Did + Subject + Verb I + Object + ?
Contoh :
1. Did you play football yesterday ?

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6. Past Continuous Tense
Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa ada kegiatan yang
terjadi di masa lalu dan belum selesai.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


 Subject + to be (was/were) + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. He was sleeping when I came

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


 Subject + was/were + not + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. He was not sleeping when I came

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


 was/were + subject + verb-ing + object ?
Contoh:
1. Was He sleeping when You came?

7. Past Perfect Tense


Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang sudah terjadi dan juga
sudah selesai pada masa lalu
 (+)Bentuk Positif
 Subject + had + verb III + (past participle) + object
Contoh:

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1. She had gone to Australia when I called her

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


 Subject + had + not + verb III + object
Contoh:
1. She had not gone to Australia when I called her

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


 Had + subject + verb III + object ?
Contoh:
1. Had She gone to Australia when You called her

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense


Tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai
sebelum kejadian yang lainnya terjadi.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


 Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. He had been living in Jakarta about ten years

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


 Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years

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 (-) Bentuk Tanya
 Had + subject + been + object ?

Contoh:
1. Had He been living in Jakarta about ten years?

9. Future Tense (Present)


Jenis yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian di masa depan, baik secara
terencana (be going) atau secara spontan (will).

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
- Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
1. We will go to school soon
2. The students are going to have a test next month

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
- Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
1. We will not go to school soon
2. The students are not going to have a test next

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 (?) Bentuk Tanya
- Will/shall + subject + verb I + object
- Am/is/are + subject + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
1. Will we go to school soon ?
2. Are the students going to have a test next month ?

10. Future Continuous Tense


Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang akan
berlangsung di masa depan.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + will/shall + be + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. I will be studying English tomorrow

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + will/shall + not + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. I will not be studying English tomorrow

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


- Will/shall + subject + be + verb-ing + object
Contoh:

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1. Will You be studying English tomorrow

11.Future Perfect Tense


Jenis tenses yang digunakan menyatakan kejadian yang akan telah selesai pada
masa depan

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement
- Subject + shall/will + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
1. I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning
2. Majid will have rented my house next month

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement
- Subject + shall/will + not + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
1. I will not have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning
2. Majid will not have rented my house next month

 (-) Bentuk Tanya


- Shall/will + subject + been + complement
- Shall/will + subject + have + verb III + object?
Contoh :

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1. Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning?
2. Will Majid have rented my house next month?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense


Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian dimasa depan
akan telah berlangsung.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. I will have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + shall/will + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. I will not have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


- Shall/will + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?
Contoh:
1. Will you have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning?

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13. Past Future tense/(Simple) Conditional
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan probabilitas. Contoh: if I found his
wallet, I would give it back to him

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + should/would + be + object
- Subject + should/would + verb I + object
Contoh :
1. She should be in Yogyakarta next month
2. I would be pick up when you arrive at the station tomorrow

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + should/would + not + be + object
- Subject + should/would + not + verb + object
Contoh :
1. She should not be in Yogyakarta next month
2. I would not be pick up when you arrive at the station tomorrow

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


- Should/would + subject + be + object?
- Should/would + subject + verb I + object?
Contoh :
1. Should She be in Yogyakarta next month
2. Would you be pick up when I arrive at the station tomorrow

14.Past Future Continuous tense/Conditional

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Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan dilakukan
melalui sebuah proses.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + should/would + be + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. My brother would be finishing Thesis last week

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + should/would + not + be + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. My brother would not be finishing Thesis last week

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


- Should/would + subject + be + verb-ing + object?
Contoh:
1. Would your brother finishing Thesis last week?

15.Past Future Perfect tense/Conditional


Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan telah
dilakukan oleh subyek.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + should/would + have + been + complement
- Subject + should/would + have + verb III + object

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Contoh:
1. Ani would have seen John if She had come earlier
2. Sinta would have been married if her parents had permitted

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + should/would + not + have + been + complement
- Subject + should/would + not + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
1. Ani would not have seen John if She had come earlier
2. Sinta would not have been married if her parents had permitted

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


- Should/would + subject + have + been + complement ?
- Should/would + subject + have + verb III + object ?
Contoh:
1. Would Ani have seen John if She had come earlier
2. Would Ani have been married if her parents had permitted

16.Past Future Perfect Continuous tense/Conditional


Jenis Tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan telah
dilakukan untuk beberapa saat.

 (+) Bentuk Positif


- Subject + should/would + have + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh :

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1. By last Saturday I should have been sailing for three days.

 (-) Bentuk Negatif


- Subject + should/would + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh:
1. By last Saturday I should have been sailing for three days

 (?) Bentuk Tanya


- Should/would + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object ?
Contoh :
1. Should you have been sailing for three days By last Saturday?

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