Pascual, Chrisly Fena A.

BSCE - 1A

Final Requirement in Physics Laboratory

I. Laws of Motion
1. You are trying to push your stalled car. Although you applya horizontal force of 400 N to the car, it
doesn’t budge, andneither do you. Which force(s) must also have a magnitudeof 400 N?
d. The friction force exerted by the road on you.
According to the 3rd law of motion “for every action there is an opposite and equal reaction”
When you push the car with 400 N the car pushes back with 400 N.
2. A heavy crate rests on the bed of a flatbed truck.When thetruck accelerates, the crate stays fixed on
the truck, so it, too, accelerates. What force causes the crate to accelerate?
It is the frictional force bet. the crate and the flatbed causes the crate to accelerate with the
truck.
II. Work, Energy and Power
1. A satellite in circular orbit around the Earth moves at constantspeed. This orbit is maintained by the
force of gravity between the Earth and the satellite, yet no work is done onthe satellite. How is this
possible?
No work is done if the direction of motion is perpendicular to the force.

2. A man pushes a block up an incline at a constant speed. Asthe block moves up the incline, explain
what happens to the potential and kinetic energy of the block.
The potential energy increases while the kinetic energy remain the same.
III. Momentum and Collisions
1. We claim that momentum is conserved. Yet most moving objects eventually slow down and stop.
Explain why it happens.
If a force is exerted on the system, then momentum will change according to the equation
F = dp/dt (Force=derivative of momentum with respect to time).
So the conservation of momentum only applies if there are no external forces exerted on the
system. However, this equation also shows us exactly why conservation of momentum is true.
If there is no external force on the system, then you can see that the overall momentum of the
system cannot change.
2. A boy stands on the back of a rowboat and dives into the water. What happens to the boat as he
leaves it?
It is because the momentum at the start is zero when the boy dives in the water, he has
momentum in the direction of the dive. The boat will move in opposite direction of where the
boy dives.
IV. Fluid Mechanics
1. A glass contains water and ice. If the glass is initially full, what happens when the ice completely
melts? Will the water spill or not?
 The ice cube melting in the glass of water does not affect the water level in the container.
Because the mass of water and the mass of ice displace the same amount of water in the
container .
2. Using the result from 1, will the ocean level rise if the glaciers melt?
Most of the contributions to sea-level rise come from water and ice moving from land into the
ocean, it turns out that the melting of floating ice causes a small amount of sea-level rise, too.
Fresh water, of which icebergs are made, is less dense than salty sea water. So while the
amount of sea water displaced by the iceberg is equal to its weight, the melted fresh water will
take up a slightly larger volume than the displaced salt water. This results in a small increase
in the water level.

V. Thermodynamics
1. Can you determine the temperature of a vacuum? Explain.
No. Because there are no molecules present. Temperature can also be defined as the hotness or
coldness of an object, but if there is no object, there is no temperature.
2. Which will break faster, a glass container heated or cooled evenly, or a glass container with one part
heated or cooled drastically?
A glass container may break if one part of it is heated or cooled more rapidly than adjacent
parts. If one part is heated or cooled more than another part, there will be more expansion or
contraction of one part of the glass compared to an adjacent part. This causes internal stress
forces that may exceed the maximum strength of the glass.

VI. Electromagnetism
1. Why does a plastic ruler that has been rubbed with acloth have the ability to pick up small pieces of
paper? Why is this difficult to do on a humid day?

The rulers negative charge polarizes the charge on the paper, so basically it attracts the
positive charges and repel the electrons. Enough electric force is created and lifts the paper.
On a humid day there are more water molecules in the air. Water molecules are polar where
there is an uneven distribution of charge. The oxygen is more negative and the hydrogens are
more positive.

2. We are usually not aware of the electric force acting betweentwo everyday objects because of what?
It is because most everyday objects have as many plus charges as minus charges.