EP 314/ EP 328

Process Dynamic Control

Laboratory Session 1- Part 2

The effect of pulse input for CSTR (Open Loop)

Jecksin Ooi 1
Contents:
1. Introduction to MATLAB/Simulink
2. Modeling of Chemical Engineering Processes
(Simulink)
• Case Study 1: Mixing Process
• Case Study 2: Multiple Reactions Process
• Case Study 3: The effect of pulse input for CSTR

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Introduction to Simulink

➢SIMULINK is a part of MATLAB that can be used to simulate

dynamic systems.

➢Provides a graphical user interface (GUI) to simulate

dynamic (time-dependent) systems

➢To facilitate model definition, SIMULINK adds a new class

of windows called block diagram windows.

➢In these windows, models are created and edited primarily

by mouse-driven drag and drop commands.

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How to load Simulink

Click Simulink Library icon

OR type “simulink” in
command window

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Simulink Start Page

Click ‘Blank Model’ to start

Simulink simulation

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Simulink Model

Click ‘Library Browser’

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Simulink Library Browser

The window contains a

library of blocks that are
available for putting into
the model block
diagram.

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You can drag blocks into this
area from the Simulink
library. i.e.
1. Sources
2. Sinks
3. Continuous
4. Math Operations
5. and many more…

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Simulink Sources

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Simulink Sinks

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Simulink Math Operations

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Simulink Commonly Used Blocks

and many more…

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Connecting the block
Drag a signal line from the output of a block to the input of
another block.

from Source Library from Sinks Library

*Easier method (automatically connect):

Select Constant block →Hold Ctrl → Click Display block
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Running the simulation

You can change the

default simulation
configuration by click
this link

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Running the simulation

Set the start and stop

simulation time here

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Running the simulation

Once the parameters are all set,

click the play button to run the
simulation

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Display the result

Note: Constant block send a signal with value of 1

and then, Display block receives and display the
signal equal to 1
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Example:
Use sine-wave source block and Scope from Sinks library. Run
and obverse the result by double-clicking the scope block.

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Example:
Basic Mathematics: Solve 3 + 6 = ?

Left hand Side: 3 + 6 equal Right hand Side: ?

Run Simulation
and Result is 9
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Questions:
Use Simulink to compute the following questions:

• 2+4 −5=?

• 4sin(0.17) = ?

• 5 − 2 sin 0.8 =?
• Answer : 1
• Answer : 0.6767
• Answer : 3.565
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Example question on ODE (1)

Use Simulink to solve the following problem for 0  t  15

𝑑𝑦
= 8 sin 𝑡 ; 𝑦 0 =0
𝑑𝑡

Compare the Simulink simulation result with the analytical

solution, 𝑦 𝑡 = 8(1 − cos 𝑡)

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• Use Simulink integrator block

dy(t) 1
y(t)
dt s
• Input – the value of the differential
• Output – gives the integrated form of the variable

Procedure:
• Select blocks from library browser to build the model
• Set Block Parameter. Use Help if needed.
• Change the way blocks are displayed if necessary, e.g. resize,
flip, rotate, show/ hide name, change foreground/ background
colours, etc.
• Run a simulation & view results via Scope, Display or To
Workspace blocks
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Simulink model for ODE Q1

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Example question on ODE (2)

Construct a Simulink model to solve the following problem

for 0  t  15

𝑑𝑦
+ 2𝑦 = 3 sin 𝑡 + 1; 𝑦 0 =0
𝑑𝑡

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Simulink model for ODE Q2

Save format
as array

Save format
as array

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Answer for ODE Q2

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Case Study 1: Mixing Process

Consider the CSTR, where Cin=50 g/m3, Q=5m3/min, V=100m3,

C(0)=10 g/m3. Construct a Simulink model to solve the
following problem for 0  t  200.
The explicit ODE form;

𝑑𝐶 𝑄
= 𝐶𝑖𝑛 − 𝐶 ; 𝐶 0 = 10
𝑑𝑡 𝑉
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Simulink Model for Case Study 1

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Answer for Case Study 1

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Case Study 2: Multiple Reactions Process

Ca(0)= 5 mol; Cb (0) = Cc (0) = 0 mol

Solve the system of equations and plot the change in

concentration of each species for 0  t  5.
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Simulink Model for Case Study 2

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Answer for Case Study 2

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Case Study 3: Reaction Process with Pulse Input Disturbance
Differential equations mole balance of A:
vin, CA0 𝑑𝐶𝐴 𝑣𝑖𝑛
= 𝐶𝐴0 − 𝐶𝐴 − 𝑘𝐶𝐴
𝑑𝑡 𝑉
0.20 + 0.05𝑡 ; 0 < 𝑡 ≤ 8
ν𝑖𝑛 𝑡 = ቐ0.25 − 0.05𝑡 ; 8 < 𝑡 ≤ 14
0.15 ; 𝑡 > 14

V vout, CA 𝑉 = 10𝐿
𝑘 = 0.005 𝑚𝑜 𝑙 Τ𝐿 𝑠
𝐶𝐴0 = 10 𝑚𝑜 𝑙 Τ𝐿
𝐶𝐴 0 = 0 𝑚𝑜 𝑙 Τ𝐿

Plot the CA(t) profile for 0  t  150 .

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Simulink Model for Case Study 3

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