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  • End Stage Renal Disease: A. Pathophysiology A. Schematic Diagram

    Diunggah oleh

    Sharmaine Camille de Leon
    112 tayangan2 halaman
    End stage renal disease occurs when kidney function declines to less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2. It results from both modifiable factors like diabetes, hypertension, high protein diet, smoking, and non-modifiable factors like age, genetics, gender, and race. As kidney function declines, the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste and regulate fluid, electrolytes, and other substances. This leads to several complications including fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, metabolic acidosis, anemia, bone disease, and cardiovascular disease. Ultimately, end stage renal disease is fatal without long-term dialysis or kidney transplantation.

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    pathophysio

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    esrd

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    End stage renal disease occurs when kidney function declines to less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2. It results from both modifiable factors like diabetes, hypertension, high protein diet, smoking, and non-modifiable factors like age, genetics, gender, and race. As kidney function declines, the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste and regulate fluid, electrolytes, and other substances. This leads to several complications including fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, metabolic acidosis, anemia, bone disease, and cardiovascular disease. Ultimately, end stage renal disease is fatal without long-term dialysis or kidney transplantation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    112 tayangan2 halaman

    End Stage Renal Disease: A. Pathophysiology A. Schematic Diagram

    Diunggah oleh

    Sharmaine Camille de Leon
    End stage renal disease occurs when kidney function declines to less than 15 ml/min/1.73 m2. It results from both modifiable factors like diabetes, hypertension, high protein diet, smoking, and non-modifiable factors like age, genetics, gender, and race. As kidney function declines, the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste and regulate fluid, electrolytes, and other substances. This leads to several complications including fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, metabolic acidosis, anemia, bone disease, and cardiovascular disease. Ultimately, end stage renal disease is fatal without long-term dialysis or kidney transplantation.

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 2

    End Stage Renal Disease

    A. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Modifiable Factors


    Non-Modifiable Factors -Diabetic Mellitus
    a. Schematic Diagram -Hereditary -Hypertension
    -Age greater than 60 years -Increase Protein and
    old Cholesterol Intake
    -Gender -Smoking
    -Race -Use of analgesics

    Decreased renal blood flow


    Primary kidney disease
    Damage from other diseases
    Urine outflow obstruction

    BUN Decreased glomerular Serum


    filtration Creatinine

    Hypertrophy of
    remaining nephrons Loss of Sodium in
    Dilute Hyponatremia
    Polyuria Urine

    Inability to
    concentrate urine
    Dehydration

    Further loss of
    nephron function

    Loss of nonexcretory End Stage Renal Disease GFR


    renal function falls below 15 ml/min/1.73 m

    Failure to convert Failure to produce Impaired insulin Production of Immune Disturbances in


    inactive forms of eryhtropoietin action lipids disturbances reproduction
    calcium

    Advanced
    Calcium Anemia Erratic blood
    atherosclerosis Delayed Infection Libido Infertility
    absorption Pallor glucose levels
    wound healing
    2
    1
    Hypocalcemia Osteodystrophy
    Loss of excretory
    renal function

    Excretion of Decreased Decreased Decreased Decreased


    nitrogenous sodium potassium phosphate hydrogen
    waste reabsorption in excretion excretion excretion
    tubule

    Uremia
    Water Retention Hyperkalemia Hyperphosphatemia Metabolic
    acidosis
    BUN,
    Creatinine Hypertension Decreased
    Uric Acid Heart Failure calcium
    Edema absorption

    Proteniuria
    Hypocalcemia

    Hyperparathyroidism
    Peripheral
    nerve
    changes Decreased potassium
    excretion

    Pericarditis
    Increased
    potassium

    CNS
    changes

    Pruritus

    Altered Taste

    Bleeding
    Tendencies

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