KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kami panjatkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena berkat
rahmat dan kasih karunia-Nya kami dapat menyelesaikan tugas makalah ini.
Dalam makalah ini kami membahas mengenai “Asuhan Keperawatan
Kegawatdaruratan Pada Tn. H Dengan Kasus Cva Ivh (Intraventricular
Hemorrhage) Di Emergency Room Rumah Sakit Phc Surabaya ”.
Makalah ini kami buat berdasarkan hasil diskusi kami dan tidak lepas dari
bantuan, bimbingan, dan arahan dari beberapa pihak. Oleh karena itu dalam
kesempatan ini kami ingin berterima kasih kepada Ibu Ns. Merina Widyastuti,
S.Kep., M.Kep selaku dosen pembimbing, Ibu Wardatur Rahmah, S.Kep., Ns dan
Bapak Sigit Hari Saputro, S.Kep., Ns selaku pembimbing lahan yang membantu
kami selama pembuatan makalah ini.
Kami menyadari bahwa dalam menyelesaikan tugas makalah ini masih
terdapat banyak kekurangan. Oleh sebab itu, kami mengharapkan kritik dan saran
dari berbagai pihak untuk perbaikan. Atas perhatiannya kami ucapkan terima
kasih.

Surabaya, 23 Juni 2019

Penulis

2
 DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN............................................................................ i
KATA PENGANTAR...................................................................................... ii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... iii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN............................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang......................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah................................................................................... 2
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian..................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 Tujuan Umum.......................................................................................... 2
1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus......................................................................................... 3
1.4 Manfaat.................................................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Akademisi................................................................................................3
1.4.2 Praktisi.....................................................................................................3
1.5 Metode Penulisan.................................................................................... 4
1.5.1 Metode.....................................................................................................4
1.5.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.......................................................................4
1.5.3 Sumber Data............................................................................................4
1.5.4 Studi Kepustakaan...................................................................................5
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan............................................................................. 5
1.6.1 Bagian Awal.............................................................................................5
1.6.2 Bagian Inti...............................................................................................5

BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA....................................................................... 6

2.1 Konsep Teori Penyakit............................................................................ 6
2.1.1 Definisi....................................................................................................6
2.1.2 Etiologi.................................................................................................... 7
2.1.3 Faktor Resiko........................................................................................... 7
2.1.4 Patofisiologi............................................................................................. 8
2.1.5 Gejala....................................................................................................... 8
2.1.6 Prognosa..................................................................................................9
2.1.7 Komplikasi...............................................................................................9
2.1.8 Pemeriksaan Diagnostik........................................................................10
2,1.9 Pemeriksaan Saraf Kranial.....................................................................11
2.1.10 Pemeriksaan Fungsi Motorik.................................................................14
2.1.11 Pemeriksaan Fungsi Sensorik................................................................15
2.1.12 Pemeriksaan Fungsi Refleks..................................................................16
2.1.13 Tatalaksana............................................................................................19
2.2 Asuhan Keperawatan CVA IVH ........................................................... 20
2.2.1 Pengkajian............................................................................................. 20
2.2.2 Pemeriksaan Fisik.................................................................................. 22
2.2.3 Diagnosa Yang Mungkin Muncul.......................................................... 23
2.2.4 Rencana Intervensi................................................................................ 24

BAB 3 TINJAUAN KASUS........................................................................... 28

A. Data Pasien ................................................................................................. 28
B. Primary Survey............................................................................................ 28

3
C. Tindakan Pre Hospital.................................................................................. 28
D. Tindakan Intra Hospital............................................................................... 28
E. Secondary Survey........................................................................................ 30
F. Pemeriksaan Diagnostik............................................................................... 31
G. Pemberian Terapi Medis.............................................................................. 34
Analisa Data..................................................................................................37
Intervensi Keperawatan................................................................................38
Diagnosa, Intervensi, dan Implementasi Keperawatan.................................39
Evaluasi Sumatif.........................................................................................41

BAB 4 PEMBAHASAN............................................................................... 120

4.1 Pengakajian......................................................................................... 120
4.1.1 Identitas Anak..................................................................................... 120
4.1.2 Keluhan Utama................................................................................... 121
4.1.3 Riwayat Penyakit Sekarang................................................................ 122
4.1.4 Riwayat Kehamilan dan Persalinan.................................................... 123
4.1.5 Riwayat Masa Lampau....................................................................... 126
4.1.6 Pengkajian Keluarga........................................................................... 126
4.1.7 Riwayat Sosial.................................................................................... 127
4.1.8 Kebutuhan Dasar................................................................................ 128
4.1.9 Keadaan Umum.................................................................................. 130
4.1.10 Tanda-Tanda Vital................................................................................ 131
4.1.11 Pemeriksaan Fisik............................................................................... 132
4.1.12 Tingkat Perkembangan........................................................................ 137
4.1.13 Pemeriksaan Penunjang....................................................................... 137
4.2 Diagnosa Keperawatan........................................................................ 139
4.3 Intervensi............................................................................................. 142
4.4 Implementasi....................................................................................... 143
4.5 Evaluasi............................................................................................... 145

BAB 5 PENUTUP........................................................................................ 147

5.1 Simpulan.................................................................................................. 147
5.2 Saran......................................................................................................... 149
DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................... 150
LAMPIRAN.................................................................................................. 152