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International Journals of Advanced Research in

Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Article April


ISSN: 2277-128X (Volume-8, Issue-4) a 2018

Review on Garbage Monitoring System using Internet of Things


Kushal Rajput* Rizwan Khan
Scholar Associate Professor
Department of Computer Science & Engineering Department of Computer Science & Engineering
ABESIT, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India ABESIT, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
rajputkushal111@gmail.com rizwan.khan@abesit.in

Abstract— Overflowing garbage tends to unwell environment and yield to pollution and diseases. As population
increases, the scenario of cleanlyness withrespect to garbage management downgrading densely. The objective of the
system is for improvement of waste collection and to reduce fuel consumption. Generally, the main concept of this
system is about collection of huge ammount of wastein least amount of time to reduce the cost. This invention provide
us a through which we can monitor and control spreading of garbage for a healthy and safe environment. In this
paper authors discuss the technologies used for garbage collection with concern of time & cost.

Keywords— Master-Configuration Dustbin, Slave-Configuration Dustbin, Level Sensor, IoT Cloud Unit, GSM Module

I. INTRODUCTION
This device belongs to the field of Internet of Things (IOT) in Garbage Monitoring System. Garbage
management is a necessary process and it is a largest issue for most of the places in India. Garbage is very challenging
for the municipal corporation and also causes illness. It is developed for enhance the process of waste management. This
system keeps an eye on the garbage bins in all areas and clears it once the bin is completely filled and also prevents us
from overflow of garbage bin.
The elements of the proposed system using Internet of Things:-
1. A camera to prevent littering around the bin.
2. A laser level indicator to map the garbage level in the bin.
3. A display situated in the office of Municipal Corporation to check the garbage level in the bin displayed by
different colors.
4. A registration stage to capture the identity of the individuals

II. ARCHITECTURE
In this Garbage Monitoring System, the sensor is present at the upper position in the garbagebins to sensation
about garbage rank (i.e. how much level of garbage) in garbagebins. When garbage reach to its peak level a message is
generated & information is delivered to the head office via Zig-Bee technology & it informing them to collect garbage.
At central office, the authority transfers this information to the van that collects the waste via the GSM module.

Figure1: Architecture of Garbage Monitoring System

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Rajput et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8(4)
ISSN(E): 2277-128X, ISSN(P): 2277-6451, pp. 48-52
As shown in above figure1 GSM is placed with Microcontroller Unit through MAX232 chip to check that how
compatible the GSM modem and Microcontroller are.

Figure2: Block Diagram of Smart Garbage Management System

In this architecture, a Master-slave configuration of the bins is proposed. This could solve the connection
problem in remote areas. The secondary garbagebins (i.e. slave) contact the primary garbagebins (i.e. Master) & every
primary garbagebins should contain a micro-controller.
These garbagebins have 3 devices (i.e. sensors):
a) Level Sensor: It inform us about the dustbin level. When dustbin reach to its maximum limit, an alert is
generated for garbage collection.
b) Humidity Sensor: Humidity Sensor inform us about the occurrence of humid garbage in the not moist
garbagebins.
c) Load Cell: Load Cell inform us about the weight of garbage in the bins.

On analyzing the two major parameters i.e. load cell and level sensor, one can reduce false alarm rate at the
great level.
In above architecture server of backup is given with the help of provider who will provide the service of cloud.
Using google maps, the improved route for garbage collection will be found along with the real time analysis. Web based
application can also be hosted using cloud.
All the reports can be viewed by authorities at the central office related to optimized route and all information
about the dustbins. Accordingly the people will move towards the van for collect the waste & will develop a fruitful and
great blueprint for the supervision of garbage.

III. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION


a) Ultrasonic Sensor:
Condition of garbage level that used in garbagebins determines with the help of ultrasonic sensor. Waste level
will be determined in reference of how far the waste is present & sensor placed in the garbagebins.

Figure3: Ultrasonic Sensor

© www.ijarcsse.com, All Rights Reserved Page | 49


Rajput et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8(4)
ISSN(E): 2277-128X, ISSN(P): 2277-6451, pp. 48-52
This type of sensors are categorised into three major parts: transmitters, receivers and transceivers. Transmitter
convert electrical signal into ultrasound, receivers convert ultrasound into electrical signals, and transceivers can both
transmit and receive ultrasound.

b) Arduino UNO:
It is an micro-controller board related to the ATmega328P. In editor pseudocode is write by programmer. This
pseudocode having information of employee like contact details that will be beneficial for sendmessage to workers.

Figure4: Arduino UNO

It has a USB port, a jack of power, fourteen I/O pins, six inputs of analog signal, a sixteen megahertz quartz
crystal, an ISCP and reboot button.

c) GSM Module:
When garbage bin crosses the maximum level, GDM module is used to send the message or information about
the bin to the authorized person. Basically a GSM modem is a device i.e. a mobile phone or a modem device which can
be used to communicate over a network.

Figure5: GSM Module

GSM Module is basically preferred for a GSM mobile phone. It has a supply voltage range of about 3.8 V- 4.1
V. It is a low power consumption device with sleep mode.

d) WI-FI Modem:
This module has a dominent enough on-board processing and storage capacity that allows it to be added with the
sensors and other application specific device. Its allow us for minimal external circuitry because of its high degree of on-
chip integration.

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Rajput et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8(4)
ISSN(E): 2277-128X, ISSN(P): 2277-6451, pp. 48-52
FLOWCHART:

Figure6: Flow Chart of Garbage Management System

ADVANTAGES:
The advantages of this system are:
1. Keep an eye on the dustbins & tells related to the garbage level for the garbage collection in the dustbins.
2. Make green & clean our surrounding.
3. To reduce expenses & efforts for this scheme.

APPLICATIONS:
1. The system based on the “SMART CITY”.
2. The system is very beneficial in “SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN”.

IV. RESULT & CONCLUSION


A. Waste Level Detection:
The Garbage level can be identified and a message to authorized person can be sent once it reaches the
maximum level.

B. Transfer the Wireless Information to the Authorized person:


For admin we have a separate login in the mobile device through which he can keep his eye on all the garbage
bins and can monitor their status.
For Workers there is separate login through which he can locate the garbage bins and when he collects the
garbage then set the condition of garbagebins to 0.

C. Ease in Accessing of Data:


Through mobile applications it becomes easy to access the status of garbage bin for workers and admin as they
can monitor the bins from anywhere.
For this we only need application installed in the mobile device along with the net connectivity that makes sure
actual time conditions of garbagebins. IP of the network is need to be set.

D. Wet Waste Detection in the Bin:


With the help of this system we can detect the humid garbage present in garbagebins & worker can get the
information related to the liquid quantity in the bin & contribute in collect the garbage separately.

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Rajput et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8(4)
ISSN(E): 2277-128X, ISSN(P): 2277-6451, pp. 48-52
E. Comparison with Existing System:
Here many garbagebins are placed in the distinct regions of the city & they can overflow many t imes and the
person who is responsible is unaware of this situation. This IOT based garbage monitoring system planned for resolve the
issue of overflowing of garbage and serve appropriate details related to the Garbage Bins level.

V. FUTURE WORK
1) Garbage Management System gives us all the real time details of garbage bins that are placed in many places.
2) The information given by Garbage Management System gives us the positive factor, it will help us to keep track
on garbage bins when the garbage bins are completely filled and set measures to clean the garbage bins.
3) Garbage Management System is very efficient and easily accessible from all over world.
4) In this system workers only go for collect the garbage only when the garbage bins or dustbins are completely
filled by waste material not on regular basis ,this will avoid the traffic made by garbage collector trucks.

REFERENCES
[1] Lilyan Anthony, Pradnya Chavan, Astrid Ferreira, Prerana Gadhave, Archana Shirke, I.T, Fr. Conceicao
Rodrigues Institute of Technology (India), “Garbage Monitoring System For Smart Cities”, IJATES Vol.No.5,
Issue No,04, April 2017.
[2] Apoorva Shewale, Mrunaya Shinde, Shivani Ingale,” Smart Waste Management System using IOT”, IJAERS,
Vol-4, Issue-4, April-2017.
[3] Ashiya Malak, Pallavi Bhoyar, Samir Atkar, Abhishek Aryan, “Garbage Collection System Using IOT- A
Review”, IJRIS.
[4] Kasliwal Manasi H., Suryawanshi Smitkumar B., Electronics and Telecommunication, R.H.Sapat College of
Engineering, IJCTER.
[5] Aishwarya Sureshkumar, Sayli Dixit, “IOT Based Garbage Monitoring System”, JETIR, Vol.4, Issue 6 June
2017.
[6] Namrta bajre, Shri Ram dighae, “Smart Garbage Monitoring System”,IJIREEEICE,Volume-5, Jan 2017.
[7] Akhil Nair.R, Dr.P.Valamathie, Saveetha Engineering College, “IOT Based Waste Management System for
Smart Cities”, IJARIIT, Volume3, Issue3.
[8] S.Ravichandran, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi, Chennai-600054, Tamil Nadu,
India,” Intelligent Garbage Monitoring System using IOT”, Indian Journal of Science and Technology,
Vol.10(13),April 2017.
[9] S.S.Navghane. M.S.Killedar, Dr.V.M.Rohokale, SKN-SITS, Lonavala,” IOT Based Smart Garbage and Waste
Collection Bin”, IJARECE Volume8, Issue 5, May 2016.
[10] Manish Jasrotica, “IOT Based Smart Garbage Detection System”, IRJET Volume:03 Issue:12, Dec 2016.

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