AIR  

POLLUTION

 addition of harmful substances to the atmosphere resulting in damage to the

environment, human health, and quality of life.
 Pollution is changing Earth’s atmosphere
 Ozone Depletion
 Acid Rain
 Enhanced Greenhouse effect
 Global Warming
 Climate Change

POLLUTANTS

 Natural Sources
 Volcanic Eruptions
 Forest fires
 Soil Erosion
 Anthropogenic Sources
 Burning fossil fuels
 Decomposing garbage

 CLIMATE
Climate = the average and variations of weather over a long period of time (~30 years)

 WEATHER
Weather = all natural phenonmena within the atmosphere at a given time (hours to
days)

 What is Science?
Science is the search for knowledge

 How do these combine?

Used to understand the physics, chemistry and biology of the Earth.

 How do we know about climate systems in the past?

1. Early human record
2. Geomorphology
3. Geological record
4. Ice cores
-Ice cores can preserve seasonal layering. Studying the chemistry of each layer can
give clues about climate change.
 Top Ten Things to Know About Global Warming
10. There is a scientific consensus that human activities are very likely to affect global climate

9. There is some chance that, due to the uncertainties of complex models and the assumptions used
to drive them, the consensus is wrong

8. Ignoring the potential implications of climate change is taking a big risk with a valuable asset.
-The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recommends that we avoid
“dangerous human interference” with global climate systems.
-an international group of scientists that evaluates scientific and technical information related
to climate change and global warming (an increase in Earth’s surface temperature). The IPCC
publishes an assessment of the latest scientific data related to climate change about every five years.
-IPCC reported for the first time that human activity is the primary cause for global warming.

7. In order to avoid dangerous interference, IPCC estimates that we need to hold global emissions
about steady.

6. Since the developing world would still like to develop, the developed world must make substantial
emissions reductions.
-IPCC says 70-80 percent of current levels must be reduced by 2040-2050.

5. The Kyoto Protocol will result in only modest emission reductions

-The US has not yet ratified this treaty
KYOTO PROTOCOL
-international treaty adopted in 1997 that sets concrete targets for developed countries to
reduce the greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming, also known as climate
change.

 More than 130 countries are party to it, with this figure set to rise; so far, however, the United
States has refused to ratify the treaty.
Republic Act 8749 (RA 8749)
Clean Air Act
4. We have 30-40 years to transform industrialized society
-Reducing emissions by 70-80 percent is a substantial challenge

3. We already have technologies that can help us on the way

Efficiency
Renewable Energy
Coal-gasification with carbon sequestratio

2. The behavioral challenges are much more daunting than the technological ones.
1. Climate change isn’t likely to affect our generation.
We need to make changes for subsequent generations.
 ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
-Process of recognizing values and clarifying concepts in order to develop skills and
attitudes necessary to understand and appreciate the inter-relatedness among man, his
culture and his biophysical surroundings.

FEATURES

 Action-oriented
 Finding solutions to problems and issues
 Continuous
 Should be part of all subject areas
 Experiential
 Uses a variety of learning approaches and environments
 Future-oriented
 Concerned with the present as well as the future generation
 Globally-oriented
 Considers the whole planet as one ecosystem
 Holistic
 Totality of the environment
 Interdisciplinary
 Draws from different disciplines
 Issue-oriented
 Deals with local, regional, national, and global perspectives

OBJECTIVES
 To develop active, well-informed individuals aware of their environment and of their
responsibility in protecting that environment

Specific objectives
 Knowledge and Awareness
 Knowledge refers to the basic understanding of how the environment functions
 Awareness makes the learners acquire sensitivity to the total environment
 Attitudes
 Develop a set of values
 Skills
 Needed for resolution of environmental problems
 Participation
 Opportunity to be involved
 (SUMMARY) OF BIAG NI LAM-ANG

Don Juan and his wife Namongan lived in Nalbuan, now part of La Union in the
northern part of the Philippines. They had a son named Lam-ang. Before Lam-ang
was born, Don Juan went to the mountains in order to punish a group of their
Igorot enemies. While he was away, his son Lam-ang was born. It took four people
to help Namongan give birth. As soon as the baby boy popped out, he spoke and
asked that he be given the name Lam-ang. He also chose his godparents and asked
where his father was.

After nine months of waiting for his father to return, Lam-ang decided he would go
look for him.  Namongan thought  Lam-ang was up to the challenge but she was
sad to let him go. During his exhausting journey, he decided to rest for awhile. He
fell asleep and had a dream about his father's head being stuck on a pole by the
Igorot. Lam-ang was furious when he learned what had happened to his father. He
rushed to their village and killed them all, except for one whom he let go so that he
could tell other people about Lam-ang's greatness. 

Upon returning to Nalbuan in triumph, he was bathed by women in the Amburayan

river. All the fish died because of the dirt and odor from Lam-ang's body.

There was a young woman named Ines Kannoyan whom Lam-ang wanted to woo. 
She lived in Calanutian and he brought along his white rooster and gray dog to
visit her. On the way, Lam-ang met his enemy Sumarang, another suitor of Ines
whom he fought and readily defeated.

Lam-ang found the house of Ines surrounded by  many suitors all of whom were
trying to catch her attention.  He had his rooster crow, which caused a nearby
house to fall.  This made Ines look out. He had his dog bark and in an instant the
fallen house rose up again. The girl's parents witnessed this and called for him. The
rooster expressed the love of Lam-ang. The parents agreed to a marriage with their
daughter  if Lam-ang would give them a dowry valued at double their wealth.
Lam-ang had no problem fulfilling this condition and he and Ines  were married.

It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the rarang fish.
Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the water monster
Berkakan. Ines had Marcos get his bones, which she covered with a piece of  cloth.
His rooster crowed and his dog barked and slowly the bones started to move.  Back
alive, Lam-ang and his wife lived happily ever after with his white rooster and gray
dog.

-ARIANETTE V. PARIÑA-
Components of the Environment
 Natural Environment
 Built Environment
 Spatial Environment
 Social and Cultural Environment

7 Environmental Principle
 Nature knows best.
 All forms of life are important.
 Everything changes.
 Everything’s connected with everything else.
 Everything must go somewhere.
 Ours is a finite Earth.
 Nature is beautiful and we are its stewards.

Core Messages
 Balance of Nature
 Diversity and Stability
 Interdependence and Interconnectedness
 Change
 Material Cycle
 Finiteness of Resources
 Stewardship
 Population Growth and Carrying Capacity
 Sustainable Development
Balance of Nature - UNIFYING THEMES of Environmental Education-

 Nature knows best.

 It has its own laws and processes to maintain itself.

Diversity and Stability

 All life forms are important.

 Diversity increases resilience and stability of systems.

Interdependence and Interconnectedness

 Everything is connected to everything else.

 What one does affects the other, directly or indirectly.

Change

 Everything changes.
 Some changes improve the quality of the environment.

Material Cycle

 Everything goes somewhere.

When there is too much of anything in one place, the usefulness of the place is reduced

Finiteness of Resources

 Most resources are nonrenewable. They have to be used prudently and wisely

Stewardship

 Humans are part of nature. They are not masters but stewards of the Earth and its
resources. Nature has its own value regardless of its value to humans.

Population Growth and Carrying Capacity

 An ecosystem can support only a given number of individuals at a given time when the
carrying capacity level is exceeded, an imbalance in the system occurs.

Sustainable Development

 Economic activities may be pursued but not at the expense of a degraded

environment.