K to 12 CURRICULUM BASED LEARNING MA-

Enhancing Scientific Skills Through Contextualized Learning

Module 3
Magnifier
Enhancing Scientific Skills Through Contextualized Learning
Science 6
Quarter 2: Module 3
Copyright © 2017 of Biñan City Division

All rights reserved.

No parts of this module covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced, stored on a retrieval system,
and/or used in any form or any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without
written permission of the authors or publishers.
Published and distributed in the Philippines by ________________________________

Congratulations! You have successfully learned about integumentary

system.The body needs to absorb nutrients from food. In this workbook, you will deal on the
digestive parts, functions and process in man which is very much needed for survival.
Continue learning as you go on the module.
S6MT-Ia-c-1
Explain how the organs of each organ system work together.

At the end, you will be able to:

 Identify the major parts of the digestive system and their functions

 Trace the path of food when a person eats

 Demonstrate ways of caring the digestive system

Workbook Development Team

Module Development Team

Fun Facts …………………….. ………...….3

Sci-Cept……...……………….......................4
Digestion
Sci-cept
Parts of the digestive System……………...5-7
Concept Map………………………………...8
Sci – Lab
Best Food..……………...…………....………9
Health Bitz
Irritable Bowel syndrome………………….....10
Digestive Care
Papaya Ginger Smoothie for Digestion..….11
Work It Out …….…………………...…........12
Check it Out……………..……………….....13
Fun Page ……………………………..……..14
Writers/ Lay-out Artists: Vivian D. Caballero
Consultant: Geraldine O. Magbanua
Evaluators: Ronaldo P. Bago, Clarita C. Rey,
and Ma. Leonora M. Natividad
Language Editor: Jaypee E. Lopo
Program Directors: Ronaldo P. Bago and
Evelyn P. De Castro
Executive Committee: Edmil C. Recibe,
Liza L. Cardeño,
Dr. Mary Ann L. Tatlongmaria,
Dr. Bayani V. Enriquez,
Nicolas M. Burgos,
Hereberto Jose D. Miranda, CESO VI,
and Atty. Walfredo R. Dimaguila

Division of Biñan City-Learning Resources Management and Development System

Office Address: P. Burgos St., Sto. Domingo, Biñan City, Laguna, Philippines
Telefax: (049) 511-4143
 Did you know
that...

7
The average It takes
human being approximately
has over 400 seven seconds for
different food to travel
species of through the
bacteria in their colon one of esophagus and
these is the Eubacterium halili. reach the stomach.

An adult
female’s
small The liver has over
intestine is 500 different
longer than functions, one of
the which is producing
average adult male’s bile to break down
intestine. digestive fats.

Food is cooled or warmed in

the mouth until it is a good
temperature for the body.

http://digestive sytem for kids.com/15-fun-facts-digestive system/

The main function of the digestive system is digestion and absorption.

Digestive system is the system by which ingested food is acted upon by

physical and chemical means.

Absorption is the process by which the nutrients in food are passed on

to the blood.

Digestion is the breakdown of large organic food into smaller mole-

cules.

Egestion is the removal of the undigested food from the body.

Peristalsis is the rhythmic muscle movement to move the food from the
throat into the stomach.
 Food needs to be broken in order to absorb by the human body. It moves
through a narrow tube inside the body. There are two ways that may happen to
our food at different times and places along the digestive tube; physical change
and chemical change.

Physical change occurs when large food pieces are broken down into
smaller pieces. The food is still in the same form, however size and shape of food
particles are different. Chewing, grinding and mixing causes this change in the
food.

Chemical change occurs when food changes into forms which cells
can use. The digestive system makes chemicals . These chemicals are added to
the food as it moves through the organs of the digestive system. The chemicals
are called enzymes.

Food enters the digestive tract through the mouth where physical
digestion mainly occurs. Food enters to the esophagus through the movement
called peristalsis. When the food travels into the stomach, the stomach muscles
mix food with gastric juice, which is composed of hydrochloric acid and pepsin.

Digested food is churned and then enter the small intestine where diges-
tion and absorption occurs with the help of the digestive juices produces from the
liver and pancreas.

Undigested food proceeds to the large intestine where dehydration

occurs. Substances that cannot be absorbed exit the body through the anus.

Complete the idea map about digestion:

Food is not in the

final form for cell
Physical use
Change
Digestion

Food is change
into a new form

Martinez, Joyce Marie V. SciLINKS, (Mandaluyong City 2007) ,2-3.

THE PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
Do you know that the food we eat consists of bulk of materials? These foods are broken
down into small pieces as we chew them. This is the work of the different organs of the digestive
system. The main function of the digestive system is to break down the foods you eat, release
their nutrients, and absorb those nutrients into your body. Here is the overview of the parts of the
digestive system.

Organ Organs Description and

Names Functions

It is the first organ where the diges-

tive process begins. Its main function
1. Mouth is to break food into smaller pieces.

Thirty two small hard organs

along the anterior and lateral edges
1.1 Teeth of the mouth, the teeth are designed
for cutting and grinding food into
smaller pieces.

It is a small organ made up of

several pairs of muscles covered in a
1.2 Tongue thin, bumpy, skin-like layer.
The tongue also helps to push food
toward the posterior part of the
mouth for swallowing.

The salivary glands are accessory

organs that produce a watery secre-
1.3 Salivary tion known as saliva. Saliva helps to
Glands moisten food and begins the
digestion of carbohydrates. The body
also uses saliva to lubricate food as it
passes through the mouth, pharynx,
and esophagus.
 Organ Organs Description and Func-
Names tions

The pharynx, or throat, is a fun-

nel-shaped tube connected to the poste-
rior end of the mouth. The pharynx is
2. Pharynx responsible for the passing of chewed
food from the mouth to the esophagus.
It contains a flap of tissue known as the
epiglottis that acts as a switch to
route food to the esophagus and air to
the larynx.

The esophagus is a muscular tube

3.Esophagus connecting the pharynx to the stomach .
It carries swallowed masses of chewed
food along its length.

The stomach is a muscular sac

located on the left side of the ab-
dominal cavity. This major organ acts
4.Stomach as a storage tank for food so that the
body has time to digest large meals
properly.

The small intestine is a long, thin

5. Small Intestine
tube about 1 inch in diameter and about
10 feet long. It is located nferior to the
stomach and takes up most of the space
in the abdominal cavity. Digestion of
food mostly happen.

The liver is a roughly triangular

accessory organ located to the right part
of the stomach. The liver is the second
6. Liver largest organ weighing 3 pounds. Its
main function is to produce bile which
breaks down fats.
 Organ Organs Description and
Names Functions

The gall bladder is a small, pear-

shaped organ located posterior to the
liver. It is used to store and recycle
7. Gall Bladder excess bile from the small intestine
so that it can be reused for the diges-
tion of subsequent meals.

The pancreas is a large gland. It is

about 6 inches long and shaped like
8. Pancreas short, lumpy snake with its “head”. It
secretes digestive enzymes into
the small intestine to complete the
chemical digestion of foods.

The large intestine is a long, thick

tube about 2 ½ inches in diameter
and about 5 feet long. It absorbs
9. Large Intestines water and contains many symbiotic
bacteria that aid in the breaking
down of wastes to extract some
small amounts of nutrients.
The anus is the opening at the end
of the digestive system from which
feces exit in the body. Feces in the
10. Anus large intestine exit the body through
the anal canal.

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/722827808912588626/
http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/picture-of-the-esophagus#1
https://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html
 Complete the pathways of food.

Physical digestion of
Food starts at
food happen.

Food travels

Food passes down

through the movement

Food travels

Food mixes with the

gastric juices.

Food travels

Digestive juices pro-

duced in the liver and
pancreas. Digestion and
absorption of food most-
ly happen.
Food travels

Undigested food are

stored.

Food travels

Eliminate feces
 Problem: Why we need to keep our digestive system healthy?

Materials: pictures of different kinds of food

Procedure:

1. Make a list of the food that you see in the pictures.

2. Put a check mark ( / ) after the name of the food if it is good for the digestive
food and (x) if it is not.

Questions:
Name the five foods that are not good for the digestive system that can be found in
school and at home and give the reason why they are not appropriate to eat very
often?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

Conclusion:
Why we need to keep our digestive system healthy?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common intestinal disorder
that affects the colon (the large intestine). The colon's main function is to
absorb water and nutrients from partially digested food. ... When this happens,
a person can feel the abdominal cramps, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea
that may be signs of IBS.

How Is IBS Treated?

There's no cure for IBS. But there ways to take control of IBS symptoms. Here
are some of the things that doctors recommend:

 Dietary changes. You might try avoiding very large meals, drinks with caf-
feine, spicy or fatty foods, chocolate, some dairy products, and foods that
contain gluten. Some people find that adding fiber — eating more fruits and
vegetables, for instance — and drinking more water can help eliminate IBS
symptoms, too.

 Lifestyle changes. Manage daily pressures, such as schoolwork, and

make time for extracurricular activities you enjoy. Be sure to get enough
sleep and exercise .

 Medications. Talk to the doctor if you are experiencing severe IBS.

Application:

Form five groups. Decide what ailment to simulate. The characters will be
doctor, nurse, patient and family members. Depict the ailment with its symp-
toms and diagnosis, treatment and advice.

http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/ibs.html#
 Let’s try another
mixture. A healthy one!

Papaya ginger
smoothie for
digestion

If you're feeling bloated, low energy, it's time to whip up this digestion-relieving
smoothie. Almost every ingredient in this recipe is good for your gut: papaya helps you
de-bloat and relieves constipation, yoghurt offers healthy probiotics for your system, and
ginger and mint help calm any stomach upsets. It even has a splash of lemon juice to help
flush out toxins. Keep this recipe on hand for any overindulgent days.

Ingredients

1 papaya, peeled, seeded, and cut into chunks

1/2 cup ice cubes
1/2 cup non-fat yoghurt
1/2 tablespoon finely chopped peeled fresh ginger
1/2 tablespoon honey
1/2 lemon juice
Water, to taste

Directions
1. Refrigerate papaya until very cold, at least one hour or overnight.

2. Blend papaya, ice, yoghurt, ginger, honey, and lemon juice in a blender. Add water,
one tablespoon at a time, until mixture is smooth and thinned to desired consistency.

https://www.popsugar.com.au/fitness/How-Make-Smoothie-Fix-Digestion-Problems-28902501
 Objective:
This demonstration shows a.) how your stomach works to break apart the bonds holding the
bread together through chemical and mechanical digestion so that the nutrients can be absorbed, b.) how
your large intestines recovers water from the food c.) how your rectum stores wastes temporarily before it
exits the body.

Materials:

Ziplock plastic
A large bottle of liquid
A loaf bread (1 pc. Per group)

Procedure:

1. Take 1 piece of bread per group of students. Obtain a small sandwich

bag from the teacher.

2. Tear your 1 slice of bread into smaller pieces

and place it into your sandwich bag. What does this represent?

___________________________________________________.

3. .Pour a s mall amount of water inside the plastic bag.

What does this represent?_____________________________

__________________________________________________.

4. Close the bag and squish the bread with your finger

until all the pieces are really small. What does this represent?

__________________________________________________.

5. Drain the liquid content down the sink by creating a small hole

Which prevents the solid from escaping . What stage of digestion

does this represent?____________________________________.

6. Put all the contents of the bag inside the trash can. What does this

represent? ____________________________________________.
I. Label the parts of the digestive system. In enclosed parenthesis, write the
function .

https:catalog.niddk.nih.gov/catalog/ImageLibrary/searchresults.cfm?keyword=1537&type=keyword

B. Discuss your answer in the box.

You do not have bowel movement for several days. What would you feel? What
will you do to feel well? Why?
 Can you find the words listed below ?

http://digestive sytem for kids.com/15-fun-facts-digestive system/

Martinez, Joyce Marie V. SciLINKS, (Mandaluyong City 2007) ,2-3.
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/722827808912588626/
http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/picture-of-the-esophagus#1
https://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html
http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/ibs.html#
https://www.popsugar.com.au/fitness/How-Make-Smoothie-Fix-Digestion-Problems-28902501
http://anatomybody101.org/digestive-system-word-search/digestive-system-word-search-word-search-
digestive-system/