A. strap up to S.F.L. of slab on grade of main building.

B. Polyethylene sheet shall be laid under blinding concrete for all foundations and slab on grade. The
polyethylene sheet shall be of gauge 1000 with nominal weight 0.94 kg/m2, shall be laid below the
blinding.
C. Comply with manufacturers written recommendations unless more stringent requirements are indicated
or required by Project conditions to ensure satisfactory performance of water proofing.
D. Apply additional coats if recommended by manufacturer or required to achieve coverage’s indicated.
E. Allow each coat of damp proofing to cure 24 hours before applying subsequent coats.
F. Apply water proofing for foundations and slab on grade up to the top level of finishes.

1 STRUCTURAL STEEL

1.1 Relevant Standards

All materials shall conform to the relevant British Standards and equivalent standards may
be accepted with the approval of the Engineer.

Unless otherwise stated, the whole of the Steelwork Contract shall comply with BS 5950.
Where the requirements of the British Standard conflicts with Local Authority byelaws or this
Specification, then this specification shall be deemed to apply.

1.2 Health and Safety

The Contractor or the steel work Subcontractor carrying out the works shall comply with all
relevant statutory regulations.

The Contractor shall insure for and indemnify the Client against any loss or claims in respect
of any injury or damage to any person or property in connection with the works. The policy will be
open for inspection by the Client or their Representative.

1.3 Programme

The Contractor shall submit with the Tender an outline programme for the works and shall
indicate within the programme the periods of time allowed for the preparation of general arrangement
drawings, preparation of fabrication drawings, the time required from date of order to commencement
on site, and total on site time to completion of the works. The number of site visits included for the
completion of the works should also be indicated.

1.4 Unsatisfactory Work

Any steelwork which in the opinion of the Engineer is unsatisfactory because it does not
comply with this Specification or accepted good practice shall be removed from the site and shall be
replaced or rectified to the Engineer’s satisfaction at the Contractor's expense.
1.5 Detailed Drawing

1.5.1 Arrangement and Fabrication Drawings

1. The steelwork subcontractor is to prepare general arrangement plans,
sections, and elevations as appropriate showing sizes of the individual steel
members reactions, dimensions, offsets, levels, setting out etc; and should
liase with the Engineer both before and during the preparation of these
drawings.
2. The drawings shall contain sufficient information to enable the Engineer to
establish that they comply with the specification and design. Prior to the
preparation of such drawings the Contractor shall make arrangements to
contact and visit the Engineer to discuss these drawings. Fabrication
drawings shall be prepared by the Contractor on the basis of the approved
drawings. The drawings shall be carried out using dimensional and technical
formats, which meet with the detailing and production requirements of the
steelwork contractor.
3. All design, fabrication and erection drawings shall be made in accordance with
BS 1192-1 and BS 1192-2.
4. Where welding symbols are used, they shall conform to BS 499-2.

1.5.2 Inspection of Drawings

Duplicate copies of all drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer for inspection
at least ten working days before they are required to commence fabrication. Any
fabrication prior to this inspection shall be at the Contractor's own risk. The
Engineer shall inspect the drawings to assess if they comply with the
Specification and Engineer's drawings and shall respond within the 10 day
period. This shall not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for any
discrepancies, errors and omissions due to misinterpretation of the Engineer's
drawings and calculations.

1.5.3 Accuracy of Dimensions

The Contractor shall be responsible for the accuracy of all dimensions where the
steelwork interfaces with existing construction. The Contractor shall obtain
dimensions from site before preparing working drawings. No dimensions will be
checked by the Engineer.

1.6 Connections

Beam end connections are to be flexible end plates, web cleats, or seating cleats unless the
arrangement drawings or associated documentation indicates moments are to be developed in the
connections or indicate if fin plates are acceptable.

The Contractor will be responsible for the design of all connections for the loads and
moments supplied by the Engineer either on the drawings, or by calculation sheets, and shall take into
account all secondary effects such as moments induced by eccentricity of connections.

The Contractor shall provide calculations to substantiate the connections it is proposed to

use. The design of all connections shall take into account any loading due to the Contractor’s erection
plant or erection methods, which are in excess of the design loadings supplied by the Engineer.

If typical details of connections are shown on the Engineer's drawings, the Contractor must
ensure that they are practicable for the method of fabrication and erection proposed and advise the
Engineer of preferred alternative connections.

Where bolts are used for fixing of steel floor plates, centre distances shall not exceed
120mm.

1.7 Bolted Connections

Bolts are to comply with the following British Standards:

 BS 7419 for H.D. Bolts

 BS 4190 for Black Bolts Grade 4.6 or 8.8
 BS 3692 for Precision Bolts Grade 4.6 or 8.8
1.8 Site Welding and Cutting

a. Site welding, Plasma cutting, or oxy-acetylene burning will not be acceptable without
the express permission of the Engineer, in writing, unless such welding, cutting or
burning works are indicated on the drawings. The Contractor shall provide full Method
Statements for all welding, cutting or burning, including details of welder certification
and testing methods and shall liaise with the Main Contractor to ensure the work
meets the site Fire and Health & Safety Procedures indicated on the drawings.
b. Consumables for use in metal arc welding shall comply with BS EN ISO 2560, BBS EN
ISO 14341, BS EN ISO 636, BS EN 14171, BS EN 14174 or BS EN ISO 17632 as
appropriate.
c. Consumables to be stored in the Contractor’s work place and also on the site, shall be
kept in a controlled atmosphere in accordance with BS EN 1011-1. Any drying or baking
of consumables before issue shall be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
d. All welds shall be maximum capacity welds, unless otherwise stated in the drawings.
e. All welds shall be done by specialist contractor. The quality of site welds shall be
inspected subject to engineer’s approval.
f. Members positioned true to line and level using, if necessary, steel packs of sufficient
area to allow full transfer of loads to bearing surfaces.
1.9 Materials

1. All materials to be incorporated in the finished works are to be new and must comply with the
relevant British Standard, and shall be fit for the purpose for which they are intended to be used.
Material shall be steel I-Section, H-Sectionts and plates and shall comply with the appropriate
standars shown in Table B. All structural steel shall be minimum grade 275
2. All steel shall have been specifically tested according to British Standards. The material shall
have Mill Certificate from approved entity of Dubai Municipality.
3. The contractor shall obtain the manufacture’s test certificates and submit to the Engineer before
any structural steel can be approved.

1.10 Steel Quality

All structural hot rolled sections shall be to BS EN 10025-2 unless agreed otherwise and
shall also comply with the EU Directive on Construction Products CPD 89/106/EEC with either
appropriate CE marking or evidence that the steel is compliant.

The following gives the required steel quality for UB and UC Sections.

The steel subgrade has been selected based on standard green book connections with a
minimum K value of 1 for UB’s and 2 for UC sections, to table 3 of BS 5950-1. The contract fabricator
detail a connection such that K is less than these values, then the steel quality should be adjusted.

1.11 Test Certificates

When requested by the Engineer, the Contractor shall supply mill rolling and Test
Certificates for the steel supplied.

1.12 Treatment of Bolts

All bolts to be incorporated in the finished works are to be zinc plated to BS7371 or
sheradized to BS4921. Bolts used in galvanised construction are to be spun galvanised or otherwise
treated to attain the same resistance to corrosion as spun galvanising.

1.13 Bolts in Slot Holes

Where bolts are used in slot holes they shall be provided with a washer under both head
and nut, and shall be provided with lock nuts.

1.14 Fabrication

Fabrication is to be in accordance with BS 5950 : Part 2 and is to be to the satisfaction of

the Engineer. Where the Contractor qualifies the Tender by reference to the BCSA National Structural
Steelwork Specification then the British Standard shall take precedence unless agreed in writing with
the Engineer.

1.15 Erection

General Steelwork shall be erected to the following tolerances. Erection shall be to “Normal”
tolerances except where “Special” steelwork tolerances are indicated on the drawings.

Erection generally is to be BS 5950:Part 2, but with steelwork tolerances in accordance with

the “National Structural Steelwork Specification” issued by BCSA unless indicated otherwise on the
drawings.

The Contractor will be required to fabricate and deliver the steelwork to site for erection. The
Contractor shall supply, in advance of the steelwork, all necessary foundation bolts, nuts, washers,
washer plates and all other holding down material for casting into the concrete as and when required
by the Contractor.

1.16 Steelwork Tolerances

Erection generally is to be BS 5950 : Part 2, with tolerances as follows:

a. The position of the base of any stanchion +/- 5 mm

b. The level of the base of any stanchion +/- 5 mm
c. The deviation from plumb of
i. Single storey stanchion +/- 5 mm in 3.0 metres
ii. Multi-storey stanchion +/- 5 mm in 3.0 metres But +/- 10 mm overall in
full height
d. The position of any beam other than crane girders +/- 5 mm
e. The level of any beam or girder measured at its seatings +/- 5 mm
f. The centres of crane girders +/- 3 mm
1.17 Tolerances – Beams

The top flange of any beam or girder set to a specified camber measured at the point of
maximum camber shall be within a tolerance of +/- 12 mm.

1.18 Handling & Transport

All materials shall be handled, transported and stored by the Contractor in such a way that
mechanical damage to the steel and its protective coating is kept to a minimum. If the material is to
be stored on site, it shall be protected from the weather and carefully stacked with timber packers in
such a way that it is clear of the ground and water cannot accumulate in channel and beam webs etc.
Any protective cover shall allow a free flow of air around the material.

1.19 Grouting in Bases

After the steelwork has been declared lined, levelled and plumb, and prior to any cladding,
wall construction or floor installation it should be handed over to the Contractor for grouting in of the
steel bases and bearings. The Contractor shall ensure the space under the steel is clear of all debris,
water and other harmful materials prior to grouting bases and bearings with an expanding grout such
as Conbextra GP

1.20 Completion

The Contractor shall advise the Engineer, in writing, when the whole or part of the work is
completed on site and handed over to and accepted by the Contractor.

1.21 Fire Protection

Fire protection requirements for the structure are indicated on the Engineer’s drawings, refer
to structural drawings for protection details. Prior to the application of any primers, the Contractor
should advise the Engineer of the coating type and manufacturer and obtain written confirmation of
the compatibility of the primer with the Fire Protection System

1.21.1 Intumescent Coatings

Unless indicated otherwise on the Engineer’s drawings, at tender stage the
Contractor shall ensure the steel primer proposed for shot-blasted steel is
compatible with Nullifire System S solvent based coating.

1.22 Workmanship

1. Identification
a. Traceability of Steel
 All steel to be used in the works shall have a Mill Test Certificate.
b. Material Grade Identification
 The material grades of steel shall be identifiable.
c. Marking Steelwork
 Individual pieces shall be capable of positive identification at all stages of
fabrication.
 Completed components shall be marked with a durable and distinguishing
erection mark in such a way as not to damage the material. Hard stamping
may be used, except where otherwise specified by the engineer.
 Where areas of steelwork are indicated on the drawings as being
unmarked, they shall be left free of all markings and hard stamping.
2. Handling
 a. Steelwork shall be bundled, packed, handled and transported in a safe manner
so that permanent distortion does not occur and surface damage is minimised.
3. Cutting and Shaping
a. Cutting Operations
 Cutting and shaping of steel may be carried out by shearing, cropping,
sawing, nibbling, laser cutting or machine flame cutting, except that where
machine flame cutting is impractical, hand flame cutting may be used.
b. Flame-cut Edges
 Flame-cut edges which are free from significant irregularities shall be
accepted without further treatment except for the removal of dross,
otherwise cut edges shall be dressed to remove irregularities.
4. Maschining
a. Thickness of Maschined Parts
 The thickness of elements shown on the drawings as requiring machining
shall be the minimum thickness after the machining operations.
b. Dressing
c. Removal of Burrs
 Cut edges shall be dressed to remove dross, burrs and irregularities. Holes
shall be dressed as required to remove burrs and protruding edges.
d. Dressing of Edges
 Sharp edges shall be dressed, but a 90˚ rolled, cut, sheared or machined
edge is acceptable without further treatment.

5. Holes
a. Matching
 All matching holes for fasteners or pins shall register with each other so
that fasteners can be inserted without undue force through the assembled
members in a direction at right angles to the faces in contact. Drifts may
be used but holes shall not be distorted.
b. Drilling Through More Than One Thickness
 Drilling shall be permitted through more than one thickness where the
separate parts are tightly clamped together before drilling. The parts shall
be separated after drilling and any burrs removed.
c. Holes Details
 Details of cut-outs, holes or fittings required for use must be indicated by
the Contractor.
6. Assembly
a. All components shall be assembled within tolerances in a manner such that they
are not bent, twisted or otherwise damaged. Maximum tolerance is 2 mm.
 b. Drifting of holes to align the components shall be permitted, but must not cause
damage or distortion to the final assembly.
7. Curving and Straightening
a. Curving or straightening components during fabrication, shall be performed by
one of the following methods:
 mechanical means, taking care to minimize indentations, or change of
cross-section;
 the local application of heat, ensuring that the temperature of the metal is
carefully controlled, and does not exceed 650˚C ;
 the induction bending process where the procedure used includes careful
temperature control;
 after curving or straightening, weld within the area of curving or
straightening shall be visually inspected. Welds which are to be subject to
non-destructive examination shall have these tests carried out after
curving or straightening.
8. Inspection
a. All components shall be checked for dimensional accuracy and conformity to
drawing to prove that the manufacturing process is working satisfactorily.
9. Storage
a. Stacking
 Fabricated components which are stored prior to being transported or
erected shall be stacked clear off the ground, and arranged if possible so
that water cannot accumulate. They shall be kept clean and supported in
such a manner as to avoid permanent distortion.
b. Visible Markings
 Individual components shall be stacked and marked in such a way as to
ensure that they can be identified.
1.23 Workmanship - Welding

a. General
 Welding shall be a metal arc process in accordance with BS EN 1011, as
appropriate; together with other clauses contained in this section, unless
otherwise specially permitted by the engineer
 Welding consumables used shall be chosen to ensure that the mechanical
properties of the weld metal are not less than those required for the parent
metal.
 Joints shall be prepared in accordance with BS EN 1011. Precautions shall
be taken to ensure cleanliness of the connection prior to welding.
b. Welder Qualification
  Welders shall be tested at an approved Institution to meet the
requirements of BS EN 287-1 but, in the case of welders engaged on fillet
welding only, BS 4872-1 is an acceptable alternative.
 The Contractor shall appoint an independent Inspection Authority to
endorse the welder’s certification and to approve the welding procedures
and test procedures for welding works.
 Welding inspection and testing shall be carried out by an independent
Welding Inspector who holds a valid certificate of competence from a
nationally recognized body or other established recognized private
organization. Notwithstanding such inspection by the independent Welding
Inspector, the engineer may at his absolute discretion carry out any test to
verify the integrity of the weld.
c. Welding Procedures
 Approved written welding procedures shall be available in accordance with
BS EN 1011, and tested in accordance with BS EN ISO 15614-1 by the
Contractor.
1.24 Workmanship - Erection

a. Erection Method Statement

 The Contractor shall prepare and submit the method statement to the
Engineer for approval at least two weeks before erection commences.
 The Erection Method Statement which among others shall include the
following:
- Pre-erection survey and formal acceptance of foundations;
- Phased component delivery;
- Safety and environmental controls;
- Operative certification;
- Plant and equipment certification;
- Inspection of each phase of construction.
b. Approval by the Engineer
 Erection shall not commence before the method statement has been
approved by the Engineer
c. Provision of Setting Out Lines by the Main Contractor
 The Contractor shall provide and maintain setting out lines and datum
levels within or immediately adjacent to the Works until the steelwork is
approved.
d. Handling and Storage
 Components shall be handled and stored in such a manner as to minimize
the risk of surface abrasion and damage.
 Fasteners and small fittings shall be stored under cover in dry conditions.
 e. Damaged Steelwork
 Any steelwork damaged during off-loading, transportation, storage or
erection shall be restored to conform to the standards of manufacture as
given in the Specification.
f. Column Base Plates and Slabs
 Steel packings shall be supplied to allow the structure to be properly lined
and levelled and of sufficient size to avoid local crushing of the concrete.
 Base packings shall be replaced so that they do not prevent subsequent
grouting to completely fill all spaces directly under the base plates.
 Base packs may be left permanently in place.
g. Grouting
 Grouting shall not be carried out under column base plates until a sufficient
portion of the structure has been aligned, levelled, plumbed and
adequately braced.
 Immediately before grouting, the space under column base plates shall be
clean and free of all extraneous matter.

1.25 Site Conditions

1. Contractor’s Responsibilities
a. prepare plan showing width and level of access, level of the prepared working
area for site traffic and cranes, and areas available for storage;
b. maintain the working surfaces of the Site free from standing water;
c. provide a firm, properly graded, working area and storage area; also maintain
adequate access into and through the site;
d. be responsible for removing overhead obstructions;
e. ensure that the load spread under cranes and lifting plant is commensurate with
the strength of firm standing provided by the Contractor.
2. Safety
a. The initial planning, design, site management and procedures adopted for safe
erection of the structure.
3. Stability
a. Erection Loads
 The Contractor shall ensure that no part of the structure is permanently
distorted by stacking of materials or temporary erection loads during the
erection process.
 The Contractor shall ensure that no other Sub Contractor shall place loads
on the partly erected structure without his permission.
4. Lining and Levelling
 a. Alignment of Part of the Structure
 Each part of the structure shall be aligned as soon as practicable after it
has been erected. Permanent connections shall not be made between
members until the structure has been aligned, levelled, plumbed and
temporarily connected to ensure that members will not be displaced during
subsequent erection or alignment of the remainder of the structure.
b. Temperature Effects
 Due account shall be taken of the effects of temperature on the structure
and on tapes and instrument when measurements are made for setting
out, during erection, and for subsequent dimensional checks. The
reference temperature shall be 30˚C.
5. Site Welding
a. Welding shall not be permitted during inclement weather, unless adequate
protective measures are taken.
6. Certification of Completion
a. When the steelwork, or portion of the steelwork, has been completed, the
Contractor shall submit a signed certificate of to the Engineer. The completion of
the certificate means the following:
 The Contractor’s signature signifies that an inspection has been made to
ensure that all connections are completed and that the steelwork is erected
in accordance with this Specification and contract requirements.
 The Contractor’s signature signifies acceptance that the steelwork has
been built in accordance with this Specification and the contract
requirements.

2 COMPOSITE DECK
2.1 General

2.1.1 Summary
a. Related Documents
 Drawings and general provisions of the Subcontract apply to this Section.
 Review these documents for coordination with additional requirements and
information that apply to work under this Section.
b. Section includes:
 Steel floor deck and accessories.
 Cold formed steel edge strips and closure strips.
 Steel angle reinforcement for small openings.

Foreword
The title of this standard should not be taken to imply that all of the materials
quoted are necessarily used solely or even principally in building.
This schedule was first published in 1935 as an attempt to provide a solution to
the problems which had arisen through structural and other calculations being
based on different data for the weights of materials concerned. The 1949 revision
was undertaken with a view to making the information more complete by the
inclusion of certain extra materials, together with such changes in the data as
had been found to be necessary.
The present revision continues this process of improvement and development. It
contains additional new materials which have since come into use for building
purposes and amends the weights of many other materials in the light of
up-to-date information. Some materials have been introduced into the standard
which will not be present as such in a completed building but a knowledge of
whose weights is important for calculations both prior to and during the course of
execution of the works. Weights of blockwork, brickwork and stonework have,
however, been given in preference to weights of blocks, bricks and stone, as likely
to be more helpful to users in view of the main purpose of this standard. At the
same time the opportunity has been taken of including in the schedule much of
the supplementary information previously given in an appendix.
It has not been found possible to include weights for the many different forms of
composite construction coming into use, many of which are still in process of
development and capable of many variations and combinations; weights of as
many individual component materials as were feasible have, however, been
given, from which it is hoped that users will be able to derive any composite
weights required. The committee was aware, nevertheless, of certain integrally
composite materials, which are difficult to describe generically, mainly
specialized products of individual manufacturers and which it was felt to be
inadvisable to attempt to cover in a standard schedule.
The data has been recast under each alphabetically arranged main heading,
through subsidiary headings of diminishing order. The main headings generally
denote materials; however, some denote functions, where it is felt that these will
be more helpful to the reader. The alphabetical arrangement of main headings
has been perpetuated; but it has not been found possible to favour one system
universally for the sub-headings where commonness of useage has in many
instances been felt likely to be more useful; whilst dimensional criteria have been
applied to headings of lesser orders. The former column headings and rulings
have been eliminated as superflous.
The object of the schedule is to standardize the data employed in calculations
rather than to provide more exact data for this purpose. The “standard” weight of
a material, as given in the schedule, is not necessarily the mean between the
extreme weights, but a fair average value and may be regarded as sufficiently
accurate for general purposes in calculating dead loads in building work. In cases
where extreme accuracy is required the actual material to be employed should be
weighed and the most adverse conditions of use taken into account.
Wherever possible, a standard weight has been quoted, but in many instances it
has been necessary to include tolerances on each side of this figure. There were
some cases where, owing to many different densities being produced, often for as
many different purposes of equal importance, it was not possible to choose a
single notional figure of any particular significance to which tolerances might be
applied, and here a range has been given instead.
The committee having in mind the foregoing practical considerations, no weight
has been given to more than one decimal place. The use of decimals has been

standardized in preference to fractions, for dimensions as well as for weights. CODE

COMMENTARY
7
STRUCTURAL CONCRETE BUILDING CODE (ACI 318M-11) AND COMMENTARY 99
American Concrete Institute Copyrighted Material—www.concrete.org
(3) epoxy-coated deformed bar or wire,
or zinc and epoxy dual-coated
deformed bar .......................................... 72db
(4) plain uncoated bar or wire, or plain
zinc-coated (galvanized) bar, which have
a standard stirrup or tie hook in
accordance with 7.1.3 at ends of
lapped spiral reinforcement.
The hooks shall be embedded
within the core confined by the spiral
reinforcement.......................................... 48db
(5) epoxy-coated deformed bar or wire,
or zinc and epoxy dual-coated deformed
bar, which have a standard stirrup
or tie hook in accordance with 7.1.3
at ends of lapped spiral reinforcement.
The hooks shall be embedded within
the core confined by the spiral
reinforcement.......................................... 48db
(b) Full mechanical or welded splices in accordance
with 12.14.3.
7.10.4.6 — Spirals shall extend from top of footing or
slab in any story to level of lowest horizontal reinforcement
in members supported above.
7.10.4.7 — Where beams or brackets do not frame into
all sides of a column, ties shall extend above termination
of spiral to bottom of slab, drop panel, or shear cap.
7.10.4.8 — In columns with capitals, spirals shall
extend to a level at which the diameter or width of
capital is two times that of the column.
7.10.4.9 — Spirals shall be held firmly in place and
true to line.
7.10.5 — Ties
Tie reinforcement for compression members shall
conform to the following:
7.10.5.1 — All nonprestressed bars shall be
enclosed by transverse ties, at least No. 10 in size for
longitudinal bars No. 32 or smaller, and at least No. 13
in size for No. 36, No. 43, No. 57, and bundled longitudinal
bars. Deformed wire or welded wire reinforcement of
equivalent area shall be permitted.
7.10.5.2 — Vertical spacing of ties shall not exceed 16
longitudinal bar diameters, 48 tie bar or wire diameters,
or least dimension of the compression member.
7.10.5.3 — Rectilinear ties shall be arranged such
that every corner and alternate longitudinal bar shall
have lateral support provided by the corner of a tie
or wire smaller than 16 mm diameter, a minimum of two
spacers should be used for spirals less than 500 mm in
diameter, three spacers for spirals 500 to 750 mm in diameter,
and four spacers for spirals greater than 750 mm in diameter.
For spiral bar or wire 16 mm diameter or larger, a
minimum of three spacers should be used for spirals 600 mm
or less in diameter, and four spacers for spirals greater than
600 mm in diameter. The project specifications or subcontract
agreements should be clearly written to cover the supply of
spacers or field tying of the spiral reinforcement. In the
1999 Code, splice requirements were modified for epoxycoated
and plain spirals and to allow mechanical splices.
R7.10.5 — Ties
All longitudinal bars in compression should be enclosed
within transverse ties. Where longitudinal bars are arranged
in a circular pattern, only one circular tie per specified
spacing is required. This requirement can be satisfied by a
continuous circular tie (helix) at larger pitch than required
for spirals under 10.9.3, the maximum pitch being equal to
the required tie spacing (see also 7.10.4.3).
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