SOLAR IRRIGATION SYSTEM

This Project is submit in Pre Defense for the requirements of the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in Electrical &Electronic
Engineering

Prepared By:
SL No NAME ID NO
01 Sheikh Kawser M21422421079
02 Md.Kamrul Islam M21422421080
03 Md. Hannan Sheak M21422421081
04 Md. Aminul Islam M21422421084
 INTRODUCTION
 Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy in the World. Solar Power is not
only an answer to today’s energy crisis but also an environmental friendly form of
energy.

Photovoltaic generation is an efficient approach for using the solar energy. Solar
powered irrigation system can be a suitable alternative for farmers in the present state
of energy crisis automatic irrigation system using solar power.

Around 45% of Bangladesh’s work force is employed in agriculture, which represents

an important sector in the country’s economy.

Farmers use irrigation pumps to ensure adequate and consistent water supply for their
crops but incur substantial costs to purchase diesel fuel. Bangladesh spends $900
million per year for 1 million tons of diesel to power its irrigation systems.

Solar-powered pumps are a reliable irrigation alternative for farmers as solar

technology helps reduce costs, protect the environment, and lower expensive diesel
fuel imports.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
The Rechargeabl
Sun Charge
Solar Panel e
Controller
Batteries

Motor
Irrigation
 SOLAR PANEL
 These panels are designed with solar cells composed of semiconductor
materials.

 The main function of Solar panels is to convert solar energy into DC

electrical energy generally of 12V, which is further used for the rest of the
circuit. The number of cells required and their size depends on the rating of
the load.

 The collection of solar cells can produce maximum electricity. But, the
solar panel must place exactly at right angles to the sun rays.
IMPROVE EFFICIENCY OF
SOLAR PANEL
• An organic solar cell or plastic(Polymer Based) solar cell is a type
of polymer solar cell that uses organic electronics.
• For photovoltaic devices to compete with fossil fuels for energy
collection, they must convert sunlight to energy at a very efficient
level. Solar cell conversion depends on exactions, which are
electron pairs that are energized by sunlight. These exactions
must get to the interface of the donor and acceptor domains as
quickly as possible to avoid losing energy as heat.
• The efficiency of polymer-based organic photovoltaic cells
depends on the purity of the donor and acceptor domains. So by
finding out how pure and large the acceptor domain is and what
the interface of the donor domain looks like, efficiency can be
increased.
CHARGING CIRCUIT
 CHARGE CONTROLLER
A solar charge controller is very important device
in any solar-power system.
 It is used to maintain proper charging voltages of
the batteries.
The charge controller controls current and voltage
from the solar panel and charges the battery, and
also stops the charging of the battery from over and
undercharging conditions.
 BATTERY
The Battery is an electric device that is used to
store current which is produced from the solar
panel and supplied to the corresponding loads.
The number of batteries required depends on the
load requirement.
 SOLAR IRRIGATION SYSTEM

This system mainly consists of two modules-

Solar pumping module.
Automatic irrigation module.
SOLAR PUMPING MODULE

Miniscule particles called photons, which radiate from the sun, makes
the sun light. As these hit the silicon atoms of the solar cell, they
transfer their energy to loose electrons. This involves creating an
electrical imbalance within the cell, which acts a bit like a slope down
which the electrons will flow in the same direction.
The separation of charges is then used to charge a battery using a
control circuit. Battery stores the charge. Then by using a Converter
circuit it gives power to the water pump which is submerged inside the
well. Then the water is pumped into an overhead tank for storing water
temporarily before releasing the water into the field.
PREDICTION OF REQUIREMENT

 Suppose we have to run 2HP motor for irrigation. For that the
energy required is:
2HP =1.5 Kw.
1.5 Kw =1500 watt
Power = volt*current
V=240 v
So, current(I)=1500/240
=6.25 A.
Suppose rechargeable batteries of 120V:
Power=volt*current
1500= N*volt*current (N=number of require batteries)
1500=N*240*6.25
N=2. (2 batteries are required)

 Requirement for solar panels:

1 solar panel of 72 cells generates 200watts
Required power is 1500 watts.
: .1500/200=7.5
Nearly 8 solar panels are required
 RESULT COMPARE TO NORMAL SYSTEM
Low operating cost: One of the important advantages is
the negligible operating cost of the pump. No fuel
required
Low maintenance: A well-designed solar system
requires little maintenance beyond cleaning of the
panels once a week.
Harmonious with nature: Another important advantage
is that it gives maximum water output when it is most
needed i.e. in hot and dry months. Slow solar pumping
allows us to utilize low-yield water sources .
Flexibility: The panels need not be right beside the well.
They can be anywhere up to 20 meters
 ADVANTAGE
 It helps in saving Energy.
 There is no fuel cost - as it uses available free sun light.
 No electricity required.
 Can be operated lifelong.
 It works everywhere.
 It is also useful for clean, drinking water sanitation and also
irrigation.
 The dependence on rain is reduced.
 It creates wealth for farmers by increasing no of crops.
 DISADVANTAGE

High initial cost.

Non-working at night.
Solar Panel Inefficiency. (A solar panel can convert < 22% of
the energy it gets from the sun into electrical energy).
Bulky solar panels are required for the large power production.
 APPLICATIONS
• Agriculture livestock watering / crop irrigation,
home gardens and drip irrigation systems.
• Domestic portable water for remote homes,
campgrounds.
• Pond water management and water transfer.
• For roof-top gardening irrigation systems.
 CONCLUSION
• Easy to implement system and environment
friendly solution for irrigating fields.
• Solar powered irrigation is a highly beneficial
alternative method.
• In future, while the prices of fossil fuels rise it is
expected that the cost of the solar panel will
decrease and this system will become more cost
competitive and more common
Thank You