INTRODUCTION
1.1 Statement of the Problem
1.2 Objectives of the study
1.3 Hypothesis
1.4 Scope and Significance of the Study
Contents
1.5 Methodology
1.6 The Study Area
1.7 Period of the study
1.8 Chapter Division
1.9 Review of literature
1.10 Limitations of the study
Introduction
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Introduction
The researcher deals with the impact of the major industries located
in the Eloor area, like The Fertilisers And Chemicals Travancore
1 Paul Pothen, “FACT-the early years”, Golden Jubilee Special 1994, p. 29.
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2 Eloor Grama Panchayath: Nineth Five Year Plan Development Report, 1996, p. 4.
3 Kerala Government Gazette Extraordinary Vol. LV, S. R. O. No: 567/2010, dt. 9th
June 2010.
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Introduction
The present study examines the problem from the standpoint that
industrialisation has not, so far, attained its basic objectives though it has
by and large, led to economic progress. Even though Industrialisation
has helped in economic empowerment and financial stability for the
stakeholders, it has failed to protect nature and the environment.
‘Industry without the environment has no root and environment without
industry has no fruit’. Industry and environment are interrelated and
intertwined. If any of these is neglected, automatically the growth of the
society will be always lopsided. This disturbed the entire socio-
economic-political and cultural life-style of the people of Eloor. It only
slowly dawned on the people that industrial development alone cannot
ensure a hassle-free life-style of all organisms. The paradox is that at the
initial phase of industrialisation, the people of Eloor and nearby whole-
heartedly welcomed the industries but after 1980’s, the same people
turned against the factories, resulting in many protest movements. This
4 N.J Udombana, The Third World and the Right to Development: Agenda for the
Third Millennium (Human Rights Quarterly 22 (2000), the John Hopkins
University press, p. 757.
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1.3 Hypothesis
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made action has played havoc with nature and the natural defense
systems have been damaged due to the perils of industrial pollution.
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2) Environmental management.
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strident, the factories may be forced to close down. In Eloor the sufferers’
voice is getting more powerful that may culminate in the closure of many
factories, creating a dent in the progress and development of the nation.
1.5 Methodology
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Introduction
1.5.2 The secondary data were collected from some of the earlier studies
conducted on Eloor. In addition to those reports, seminar papers
published during the recent years have been referred to. An extensive
survey of literature on the subject helped in analysing the ideas and
information thus collected. The main sources of secondary data were
books, journals, magazines, periodicals, newspapers, administrative
reports, Economic Political Weekly etc.
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Introduction
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Introduction
The period of the study of the present work is from 1939 to 2010.
The study starts with the beginning of the first modern company, the Al-
Can, in the year 1937 till the change of the status of the Eloor Grama
Panchayath to Municipality in 2010.
Chapter- 1: Introduction;
Chapter- 2: Eloor, toddling to Industrialisation
Chapter- 3: Growth of Industries
Chapter- 4: The shifting culture of Eloor
Chapter- 5: The Growth of Trade Unions
Chapter- 6: Impact on Environment & Health;
Chapter- 7: Conclusion.
Chapter-I: The first chapter gives an introduction to the topic and its
various effects, the statement of the problem, the objectives of the study,
hypothesis, scope and significance of the study, methodology, the area of
the study, the period of study, the chapter division, review of literature
and the limitations of the study.
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Introduction
Chapter III: The third chapter gives a detailed analysis of the pioneer
industries of Ernakulam district i.e., in Eloor like HINDALCO, FACT,
TCC, IRE, HIL, and BSES and their origin, growth, functioning and
development. This chapter gives a vivid picture of the major industries
and their importance to the society. It also deals with the contributions
of the major industries to the allied industries.
Chapter IV: The fourth chapter analyses the impact of the industrialisation
on Eloor. It is about the gradual change from the agrarian to the industrial
(economy), which led to the cultural transformation of the society. The
change in the mode of production automatically resulted in the change of
the mode of life and this in turn, ushered in a new cultural paradigm in
Eloor society. This chapter gives a brief account of the transition which
caused the emergence of the new culture and the new economy that
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Introduction
began to obliterate the agrarian system. The new culture gave more
importance to the industrial economy, secondary sector. As a result of
the progress and growth of industries, there was an increase in the per
capita income and change in the standard of living. The increase in the
per capita income coupled with higher national income helped to
alleviate many problems in the society. The urge for progress was
materialised with the beginning of the industries. It also revolutionised
the agrarian system which automatically uplifted the standard of the
society. The development of industries led to the gradual growth of trade
and commerce and banking business which are considered as the seminal
contributions of industrialisation. In Eloor, there was no banking
business prior to the commissioning of industries. With the coming of
industries the volume of trade drastically changed and it resulted in rapid
trading activities. This automatically accelerated the improvement of the
infrastructural facilities.
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Introduction
The water from wells, rivers and creeks were collected and tested
scientifically which proved its level of contamination and presence of
many harmful chemicals. Similarly the soil and air of the locality was
also tested which reveals the alarming levels of various pollutants. The
hospital records and interviews with doctors (Allopathy & Ayurveda)
reflected that most of the residents of the locality suffered from different
types of diseases due to the adverse environment.
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Chapter VII: The last and seventh chapter deals with the findings and
observations based on the analysis. Industrialisation helps in breeding a
new culture, like economic and social upliftment of the people and
progress of the country. The chapter contains suggestions for tiding over
the problems faced by the people due to the degradation of the environment.
It calls for caution against the rapid, blatant industrialisation without caring
for the primary sector. The primary sector is the vital ingredient to all
industries. Therefore, unbridled progress leads to an uneven development.
Industrialisation alone does not satisfy all the needs of man and other living
organisms. ‘Development’ should mean the integral development of the
society, so that every societal sector should have equal share of growth.
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There are many press releases in the dailies about the various
aspects of Eloor related to its industrialisation. These dailies routinely
project the side-effects of industrialisation in Eloor which cause the
pollution in the Periyar, soil, air and sound pollution of the surroundings.
The fish-kills are common news as far as Eloor is concerned. There is an
article in the Economic Political Weekly about the impact of the
concentration of industries in Eloor. The Office of the Kerala State
Pollution Control Board is situated in the heart of Udyogamandal for
immediate action as and when the factories violate the laws. There are
many reports of the Kerala State Pollution Control Board about the
unscrupulous over-activism of the factories which has resulted in the
crisis.
19
C A Antony, “Environomics”, Thesis, Cochin University of Science and Technology,
1987
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1.10.6 The IRE Eloor functions as per secret act that is classified so that
the information of the IRE could not be accessed directly from
the company or employees.
The study arguably goes a long way to analyse the advantages and
disadvantages of industrialisation in Eloor. The industries have played a
decisive role to improve the economic resources of the nation and
increase the standard of living of the people paving the way for a cultural
metamorphosis. Their extreme density and concentration has caused
palpable adverse effects in nature throwing the life of the same people to
great jeopardy.
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Introduction
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