5. What is a kernel
kernel adalah program komputer yang mengelola permintaan input / output dari perangkat
lunak, dan menerjemahkannya ke dalam instruksi pemrosesan data untuk CPU dan komponen
elektronik lainnya dari komputer. Kernel adalah bagian mendasar dari sistem operasi komputer
modern.
9. What is caching
Tempat penyimpanan sementara
Bootstrap Program - kode yang disimpan di ROM yang dapat menemukan kernel, load ke
memori, dan mulai pelaksanaannya
25. What is CLI and what is GUI give an example
30. Explain how ms-dos runs a program and the difference with free bsd
a. Tujuan Pengguna - sistem operasi harus nyaman digunakan, mudah dipelajari, terpercaya,
aman, dan cepat
b. Tujuan sistem - sistem operasi harus mudah untuk merancang, melaksanakan, dan
memelihara, serta fleksibel, dapat diandalkan, bebas kesalahan, dan efisien
37. What is layer 0 in OS and what is the highest layer in OS Commented [D2]: Ch 2
Layer 0 is hardware
Highest layer is user Interface
47. Which is used more frequently short term or long term scheduler
Short term scheduler
52. What are the difference between parent process and children process give 3 differences
Parent process create children processes, which, in turn create other processes, forming a tree
of processes
Proses induk membuat anak proses, yang pada gilirannya menciptakan proses lainnya,
membentuk pohon proses
61. What is the use of pipes and what are two types of pipes that we have discuss. Commented [D3]: Ch 3 Process communication
Bertindak sebagai saluran yang memungkinkan dua proses untuk berkomunikasi
Ordinary Pipes dan Named Pipes
62. What is a thread (goggle it)
63. What are the benefits of threads
a. Responsiveness
b. Resource Sharing
c. Economy
d. Scalability
74. What is are the primary structures of threads in windows and which part is in kernel mode and
what part is user mode Commented [D4]: Ch 4 threads
ETHREAD (executive thread block), KTHREAD (kernel thread block), TEB (thread environment
block)
Kernel mode:
ETHREAD
KTHREAD
User mode:
TEB
82. Explain how FCFS, SJF and Shortest-remaining-time-first algorithm work? And which one of the
algorithm is priority scheduling?
FCFS=> jika proses yg datang duluan, maka proses tersebut yg dilayani
SJF => Proses diatur menurut shortest next CPU burst
Shortest-remaining-time-first =>
SJF is priority scheduling
83. What is time quantum and how does it work with round robin
Time quantum is a small unit of CPU time
sebuah multilevel queue membagi ready queue kedalam beberapa queue terpisah. Proses secara
permanen diserahkan ke salah satu queue, umumnya didasarkan pada beberapa properti dari proses,
seperti ukuran memori, prioritas proses, atau jenis proses. Setiap queue memiliki algoritma
penjadwalan sendiri.
85. Why is one to one threads better then one to many or many to many based on cpu scheduling?
Karena setiap user-level thread dipetakan ke kernel thread,
87. What kind of cpu scheding does window use Commented [D5]: Ch 5
priority-based preemptive scheduling
98. If a process the size of 50 mb needs to be swap with another process with the same size and the
transfer rate is 25/mbs with disk latency of 4 ms how long is the total context swaping time
102. If a page size is 2048 and the process size is 72,766 bytes how many page is needed and
how big is the internal and external fragment
Page size = 2,048 bytes
Process size = 72,766 bytes
35 pages + 1,086 bytes
Internal fragmentation of 2,048 - 1,086 = 962 bytes
106. What is backing store and how does it work with virtual memory
Backing store adalah cakram cepat yang cukup besar untuk menampung salinan dari
semua gambar memori untuk semua pengguna.
107. What is page swaping
suatu proses bisa saja ditukar sementara keluar memori ke sebuah penyimpanan sementara dan
kemudian dibawa lagi ke memori untuk melanjutkan pengeksekusian
109. Why virtual memory reduces ssd life scycle Commented [D10]: Virtual memory video
112. how does ssd works and what is it weakness Commented [D11]: Disk I-O video
Fungsi File System salah satunya untuk memberi nama pada berkas dan meletakkannya
pada media penyimpanan. Fungsi lainnya adalah sebagai konvensi penamaan berkas dan
peletakkan berkas pada struktur direktori. Semua sistem operasi memiliki File Systemnya sendiri
untuk meletakkan file dalam sebuah struktur hirarki.
116. name 3 filesystem that you know and tell one that does not need to be defrag
FAT64,
117. what is journaling Commented [D12]: filesystem
Computer scientists often find that algorithms and technologies originally
used in one area are equally useful in other areas. Such is the case with the
database log-based recovery algorithms. These logging algorithms have been
applied successfully to the problem of consistency checking. The resulting
implementations are known as log-based transaction-oriented (or journaling)
file systems