Pedoman TOD
Lampiran
PENDAHULUAN
Pedoman Pengembangan Berorientasi Transit
(TOD) mengidentifikasi pengembangan berorientasi
transit yang tepat di sekitar stasiun LRT dan pusat
transit. Mereka membantu Kota, bisnis dan warga
untuk merencanakan ke depan untuk integrasi
transit dan penggunaan lahan di area stasiun.
• Meningkatkan livability
moda transportasi
• Mempertahankan lingkungan
• Mengubah• Mengubah
bentuk perkotaan
• Mendiversifikasi ekonomi Edmonton
PANDUAN ORGANISASI
Gambar 1: Organisasi Pedoman TOD
PENGGUNAAN LAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAND & INTENSITAS PANDUAN
PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DANINTENSITAS
PEDOMANDAN DESKRIPSI
▪ Pedoman Penggunaan dan Intensitas Lahan -mengidentifikasi harapan penggunaan lahan minimum dan
maksimum untuk penggunaan baru yang diizinkan dan Rencana Wilayah Stasiun; semua kepadatan tempat
tinggal dan intensitas pekerjaan
BANGUNAN DAN DESAIN SITUS
adalah perhitungan luas bersih.
PEDOMAN DAN DESKRIPSI
BANGUNAN & DESAIN DESAIN PANDUAN REALM PUBLIK PANDUAN
▪ Pedoman Desain Bangunan dan Situs–menggambarkan kualitas yang mendorong hubungan yang
diinginkan BLOK
antara bangunan dan jalan dan memberikan
PANDUAN DAN DESKRIPSI
transisi yang sesuai antara bangunan yang lebih pendek dan lebih tinggi. BOULEVARD PUBLIC
PEDOMAN DAN DESKRIPSIPANDUAN
REALM PUBLIK
TAMAN DAN PLAZA PERKOTAAN
Wilayah publik sangat mendasar bagi keberhasilan TOD. Ranah publik yang berkualitas menarik dan PEDOMAN
DAN DESKRIPSI
menstabilkan investasi swasta dan memastikan
FASILITAS SEPEDA BICYCLE di
konsistensiseluruh area stasiun. Pedoman Realm Publik dapat diprakarsai oleh City of GUIDELINES AND
DESCRIPTIONS
Edmonton atau oleh pengembang swasta. Termasuk:
ROADWAY
PEDOMAN DAN DESKRIPSI
▪ Pedoman Blok - mengidentifikasi dimensi blok maksimum dan harapan konfigurasi.
▪ Pedoman Boulevard Umum -mengidentifikasi dimensi minimum, batasan, dan komponen pejalan kaki
DESAIN DAN PENCEGAHAN KEJAHATAN URBAN
diperlukan untuk jalan umum yang baru dan lebih baik. MELALUI DESAIN LINGKUNGAN
▪ Pedoman Taman Kota dan Plaza -mengidentifikasi ukuran (CPTED) PRINSIP
taman kota dan plaza umum, dan jenis fasilitasnya. Tabel Pedoman TOD (halaman 15 hingga 54) adalah
▪ Pedoman Fasilitas Sepeda–mengidentifikasi sepeda yang diatur dalam empat kategori berikut:
jenis rute parkir dan rute perjalanan yang diperlukan untuk
• Pedoman Penggunaan dan Intensitas Lahan dan
jalan umum yang lebih baik.
• Panduan Desain Bangunan dan Situs
▪ Pedoman Jalan -mengidentifikasi elemen jalan
• Pedoman Realm Publik
diperlukan untuk jalan umum yang baru dan lebih baik.
• Desain Perkotaan dan Prinsip CPTED
Penggunaan Lahan dan Pedoman Intensitas unik untuk setiap jenis area stasiun. Pedoman Desain Bangunan
dan Situs, Pedoman Realm Publik, dan Desain Kota dan Prinsip CPTED bersifat universal untuk semua jenis
area stasiun.
DESAIN PERKOTAAN DAN PRINSIP CPTED
▪ Desain Kota dan Prinsip CPTED–menjelaskan kualitas yang mendorong kualitas desain yang sesuai dan
mengurangi potensi kejahatan di area stasiun. Untuk setiap kategori pedoman dan prinsip, deskripsi juga
disediakan untuk tujuan penjelasan dan pendidikan.
MENERAPKAN PANDUAN
BAGAIMANA CARA MENDAFTAR PANDUAN
Pedoman TOD akan digunakan dalam empat cara.
Penggunaan Lahan dan Intensitas Pedoman Pedoman
Realm Publik Pedoman TOD akan digunakan untuk mengevaluasi
Pedoman TOD akan digunakan sebagai dasar untuk rezoning aplikasi di situs dalam 400 meter
rezoning situs besar lebih besar dari atau sama dengan salah satu stasiun LRT yang ada atau direncanakan
atau transit atau transit
hektar, atau membuat pusat hukum baru atau mengubah. Dalam situasi ini, TipeGuna Tanah
Tataberencana dalam jarak 800 meter dari stasiun LRT atau 400 dan Pedoman Intensitas akan digunakan
untuk mengevaluasi
meter dari pusat transit. Batas-batas yang tepat dari apakah lokasi yang diusulkan dan intensitas
rencana area stasiun akan bervariasi dari pengembangan 800 meter sesuai, berdasarkanStasiun
radius— terutama untuk stasiun pengisi — tergantung Tipe. Jenis Penggunaan Lahan dan Intensitas Pedoman
tentang penggunaan yang ada, potensi pengembangan dan lainnya juga memberikan harapan penggunaan
lahan. Ini akan menjadi
faktor. Pedoman TOD akan digunakan dalam hal ini yang digunakan dalam menyiapkan dan mengubah
Rencana Wajib untuk
situasi untuk mengarahkan lokasi dan desain Area Stasiun baik dalamsituasi pengisian dan greenfield
elemendi ranah Publik. Ini termasuk: dalam jarak 800 meter dari stasiun yang ada atau yang direncanakan.
▪ Jalan
Ketika menerapkan Penggunaan Lahan dan Intensitas
▪ Pedoman ukuran blok, ukuran situs diutamakan
▪ Koneksi pejalan kaki dan sepeda di atas lokasi situs saat menentukan kepadatan hunian.
▪ Taman kota
▪Plaza Bangunandan Pedoman Desain Lokasi Pedoman TOD akan diterapkan pada pembuatan
Desain Kota dan Prinsip CPTED
zona baru dan overlay, atau modifikasi zona yang ada dan overlay dalam peraturan zonasi. Mereka
mencerminkan kriteria desain situs dan bangunan yang sesuai untuk pengembangan di sekitar stasiun
. Desain Urban TOD dan Prinsip CPTED akan diterapkan secara universal untuk semua proyek di dalam Area
Stasiun dari stasiun LRT yang ada atau yang direncanakan atau pusat transit.
area. Pedoman Bangunan dan Desain Situs akan memberikan arahan tentang apa peraturan tambahan atau
baru harus dimasukkan dalam:
▪ Zona standar
▪ Zona kontrol langsung
▪ Zona area khusus.
Ini dapat diterapkan ke situs di sekitar stasiun LRT atau pusat transit.
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Hubungan Antara Pedoman TOD dan
Pedoman Pengisian Rumah Tinggal
Pedoman TOD menentukan lokasi dan kepadatan
pengembangan yang tepat dalam jarak 400 meter
dari stasiun LRT atau pusat transit dan memberikan
panduan untuk Rencana Area Stasiun. Panduan
Pengisian Tempat Tinggal memandu jenis dan
lokasi pengembangan pengisiran tempat tinggal
melebihi 400 meter dari stasiun LRT atau pusat
transit di lingkungan dewasa (Lampiran 4).
TOD, Rencana
Area Stasiun, dan Rencana
yang Ada Rencana Area Stasiun yang disetujui
akan menggantikan Pedoman TOD. Jika Rencana
Area Stasiun telah disetujui, Pedoman TOD tidak
lagi berlaku untuk area di luar batas rencana tetapi
dalam jarak 400 meter dari stasiun. Di lingkungan
yang matang, Pedoman Pengisian Rumah Tinggal
akan berlaku. Rencana Area Stasiun dapat
dilakukan dalam area yang diatur oleh Rencana
Pembangunan Kembali Area yang disetujui,
Rencana Struktur Lingkungan, atau Rencana
Struktur Area Lingkungan. Rencana-rencana
tersebut diharapkan akan diamandemen untuk
memasukkan prinsip-prinsip TOD dan pedoman
yang berlaku.
Siapa yang Akan
Menggunakan Pedoman
Pedoman
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transit yang ada atau yang direncanakan. Inventarisasi Sumber Daya Bersejarah di
Edmonton.
▪ Mempersiapkan, mengubah, meninjau, dan
menyetujui zona baru atau yang sudah ada
untuk pengembangan di sekitar stasiun LRT
atau pusat transit.
▪ Mempersiapkan, mengkaji, dan menyetujui
rencana perundang-undangan baru atau
mengubah rencana perundang-undangan yang
ada yang mencakup stasiun LRT yang ada atau
yang direncanakan atau Transit Center
Area Stasiun adalah area pengaruh baik untuk Stasiun LRT atau pusat transit. Berbagai bidang pengaruh
dijelaskan di halaman-halaman berikut.
Untuk Aplikasi Rezoning Pedoman TOD akan digunakan ketika meninjau proposal rezoning untuk situs
dalam jarak 400 meter dari stasiun LRT yang ada atau yang direncanakan atau pusat transit. Pedoman
Pengisian Tempat Tinggal akan digunakan ketika meninjau proposal rezoning untuk lokasi di luar 400 meter
dari stasiun LRT yang ada atau yang direncanakan atau pusat transit dan di lingkungan dewasa (Lampiran 4).
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KHUSUS APLIKASIDARIPEDOMAN TOD
Aplikasizonasi ulang dalam 400 meter dari Stasiun LRT Ada atau Rencana atau Transit Pusat
MENENTUKAN STATION AREA TIPE
Proses berikut harus digunakan untuk mengevaluasi
MENGGUNAKAN STATION AREA TYPE MAP rezoning aplikasi di lokasi yang berjarak 400 m
DIBERIKAN DALAM PANDUAN TOD dari stasiun atau pusat transit yang ada atau yang direncanakan. Ini
akan menentukan apakah aplikasi rezoning harus didukung atau tidak didukung dalam situasi di mana tidak
ada Rencana Area Stasiun untuk memandu persetujuan zonasi. Pengembang juga harus menggunakan
proses untuk menentukan jenis kepadatan apa yang akan diterapkan di sekitar Stasiun Area Stasiun LRT dan
transit
Pertimbangkan apakah zona yang diusulkan:
▪ Memenuhi Pedoman TOD untuk Penggunaan dan Intensitas Lahan.
▪ Memenuhi Pedoman TOD untuk Bangunan dan pusat.
Desain Situs.
▪ Memenuhi Desain Urban TOD dan CPTED Jika berlaku, rencana perundang-undangan akan diubah
Prinsip. untuk menyelaraskan dengan Pedoman TOD.
Ketika zona yang diusulkan adalah zona DC2 pada pemberitahuan publik Standar dan proses keterlibatan
akan diikuti untuk semua aplikasi rezoning.
Gambar 8: Mengevaluasi Aplikasi Rezonasi
sebuah situs seluas 1 atau lebih hektar, juga mempertimbangkan apakah zona yang diusulkan:
▪ Memenuhi Pedoman TOD untuk Wilayah Publik.
▪ Memenuhi Pedoman Pengisian Rumah Tinggal untuk pengembangan situs besar (di lingkungan dewasa -
Lampiran 4).
Zona yang diusulkan memenuhi Pedoman TOD (dan Pedoman Pengisian Rumah Tinggal untuk situs besar di
lingkungan dewasa)
Zona yang diusulkan tidak memenuhi Pedoman TOD.
Merekomendasikan dukungan dari aplikasi rezoning.
Rekomendasikan non-dukungan aplikasi rezoning.
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Persiapan atau Amandemen terhadap
meter dari Pusat Transit yang ada atau yang direncanakan. StatutaRencana yang mencakup LRT
prosesjuga harus digunakan olehKota Administrasi Stasiunatau Transit Pusat
untuk mengevaluasi Rencana Lokasi Stasiun dan menentukan
Proses berikut panduan penyusunan Rencana Lokasi Station atau persiapan atau perubahan rencana
undang-undang yang mencakup area dalam 800
apakah untuk merekomendasikan dukungan rencana atau amandemen rencana dan oleh Dewan Kota untuk
menentukan persetujuan.
meter dari stasiun LRT yang ada atau yang direncanakan atau 400
pemberitahuan publik Standar dan proses keterlibatan akan diikuti untuk persiapan atau amandemen dari
semua rencana hukum.
Gambar 9: Mempersiapkan dan Mengevaluasi Rencana Wilayah Stasiun
TETAPI TETAP WILAYAH STASIUN MENGGUNAKAN JENIS PETA STASIUN YANG DIBERIKAN
DALAM PANDUAN TOD.
Mempersiapkan Rencana atau Rencana Perubahan yang:
▪ Menerapkan Prinsip Desain Perkotaan untuk menetapkan tujuan dan sasaran rencana.
▪ Menerapkan Prinsip CPTED.
▪ Menerapkan Pedoman Penggunaan Lahan dan Intensitas TOD untuk menentukan kepadatan yang sesuai
dan penggunaan lahan di sekitar stasiun.
▪ Menggunakan Pedoman Bangunan dan Situs TOD untuk menciptakan tujuan bagaimana situs dan
bangunan harus dirancang untuk menciptakan hubungan yang tepat antara bangunan dan jalan.
▪ Menerapkan Pedoman Realm Umum TOD untuk menentukan desain dan lokasi jalan, blok, dan taman
kota yang sesuai di dalam area rencana.
BERLAKU UNTUK PERSETUJUAN RENCANA WILAYAH ATAU PERUBAHAN RENCANA
Administrasi Kota mengevaluasi rencana yang diusulkan dan menentukan apakah itu konsisten
dengan:
▪ Pedoman Penggunaan Lahan dan IntensitasPedoman
TOD ▪Pembangunan dan LokasiPedoman
TOD ▪Realitas Publik
TOD ▪ Desain Urban danPrinsip CPTED
Rencanabertemu atau melebihi Pedoman TOD dan dukungan Rencana direkomendasikan.
Paket tidak memenuhi Pedoman TOD dan direkomendasikan untuk tidak mendukung Rencana.
Pedoman Realm Publik diimplementasikan melalui persyaratan subdivisi dan Standar Teknik. Penggunaan
Lahan dan Intensitas Pedoman dan Bangunan dan Panduan Situs dilaksanakan melalui Zonasi.
▪ Jalan yang ada kondisi lalu lintas, jaringan jalan, dan infrastruktur
▪ Tinjauan dokumen kebijakan yang ada, model distribusi populasi, dan analisis penumpang untuk menetapkan
pekerjaan yang diantisipasi secara keseluruhan dan populasi tempat tinggal untuk setiap koridor LRT.
▪ Pengkajian dan evaluasi stasiun LRT yang ada dan yang direncanakan dan rekayasa lini berdasarkan
kemampuannya untuk mendukung atau menghambat pengembangan angkutan pendukung jalan yang
berorientasi pejalan kaki dan jalan.
▪ Penilaian masing-masing Area Stasiun, dalam konteks koridornya masing-masing, untuk pengembangan
jangka panjang atau potensi pembangunan kembali.
Berdasarkan penilaian ini, ketujuh Jenis Area Stasiun berikut diidentifikasi dan diterapkan pada setiap area
stasiun yang ada dan yang direncanakan:
▪ Lingkungan
▪ Lingkungan Baru
▪ Institusi / Rekreasi
▪ Kota
Jenis stasiun Setengahditugaskan di lima stasiun karena untuk dua karakteristik lingkungan yang berbeda yang
ada dalam satu area stasiun.
▪ 145 Ave
▪ Century Park
▪ Rampart
▪ Southgate
Lingkungan
SekitarLingkungan
SekitarLingkungan
Lingkungan
Lingkungan
Baru yang
Ditingkatkan Lingkungan
Pusat
KotaKota
SekitarSekitar
Lokasi
▪ Mengisi pengaturan
pengembangan.
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PUSAT PENCARIAN TAMBAHAN
seluruh.
Lokasi ▪ Peningkatan konektivitas pejalan kaki dan
▪ Pengaturan pengisian dan pengembangan sepeda melalui lingkungan yang ada dan
Greenfield. sekitarnya.
Lokasi
▪ Pengaturan pengisi dan
greenfield.
DOWNTOWN
Lokasi
▪ Area pusat kota.
The above image illustrates typical building form, scale and massing only. Building character can vary and will
be determined by site context.
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Figure 30: 1.0 FAR (Floor Area Ratio)
The above image illustrates typical building form, scale and massing only. Building character can vary and will
be determined by site context.
The above image llustrates typical building form, scale and massing only. Building character can vary and will
be determined by site context.
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BUILDING AND SITE DESIGN GUIDELINES
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BUILDING AND SITE DESIGN DESCRIPTIONS
Figure 33: 0 m Building Setback and Exceptions Figure 34: 3 m Building Setback and Exceptions
RESIDENTIAL
ENTRIES
Figure Figure 37: Retail Entries
38: Employment Lobby Entries
RETAIL
ENTRIES
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50% LINEAR TRANSPARENCY
A moderate degree of visibility through windows and/or doors is appropriate for all residential uses located at
the ground floor.
A high degree of visibility through building windows and/or doors can support safe and active streets by
creating a visual connection between pedestrians and building users. This level of transparency is appropriate
for all retail and employment uses located at the ground floor. The opening:
▪ Should be entirely transparent with the exception
▪ Is measured as linear metres of total building
of applied window signs that shall be no larger than
frontage. 10% of any single opening.
▪ Should be measured 1.5 metres above the finished
▪ Should not include tinted, reflective or other
grade of the adjacent public boulevard to promote opaque materials or treatments.
optimum visibility for passers-by.
Figure 41: Transitions
TRANSITION TRANSITION
Single-Family 4 Storey
Single-Family 5-6 Storey Row Housing Buildings
Row Housing Buildings
As redevelopment occurs around station areas, there will be some instances where low- and mid-rise
apartments develop adjacent to existing smaller scale row housing, duplex and single-family homes. New
apartment developments should be designed to create a gradual transition in height, to address both the visual
appearance from the street and the potential impacts of shadow and loss of privacy for the smaller scale
existing development.
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BLOCK DESCRIPTIONS
The graphics on the following pages illustrate the expectations identified on the Block Guidelines table. These
descriptions should be used in conjunction with the guideline table.
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Figure 45: Mid-Block Accessway Example
Figure 46: Mid-Block Accessway
MID-BLOCK ACCESS WAYS
MID-BLOCK ACCESSWAYS
Mid-block access ways should be publicly accessible
For redevelopment and new development, mid- 24-hours a day. This can be accomplished through
block accessways are encouraged to break up public ownership or public easement.
blocks of 130 metres or more in length and:
▪ Result in development sites with more pedestrian and bicycle connections, visual permeability, and
pedestrian-scaled building footprints.
▪ Provide attractive linear amenities that serve as passive recreation spaces for adjacent housing, retail and
employment uses.
▪ May include limited vehicle access for vehicle loading, drop-off and deliveries, and on-site private parking
facilities.
ALLEYS
Typical alleys in Edmonton provide a location for utilities and services that would otherwise be provided at the
street. This pattern should continue.
Where appropriate, use of alleys is encouraged to break up development blocks of 85 metres or more in width in
order to:
▪ Reduce the width of development sites to provide more pedestrian-scaled building footprints.
▪ Allow fewer vehicle access points on local streets and more on-street parking.
▪ Provide space for unsightly overhead utilities and trash storage and collection.
Figure 48: Alley in an Enhanced Neighbourhood
The 6m width allows two vehicles to pass, while providing a dimension and spatial proportion suitable for
pedestrian and bicycle passage. Shallow utilities (ie cable and communications utilities) are recommended to be
located within alleys to reduce visual clutter on the streets.
Alleys may not be appropriate for all development blocks because land use types and/or intensities may require
larger floorplates.
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Elements
PEDESTRIAN
FURNITURE
LIGHTING STREET UTILITIES THROUGHWAY
ZONE
TREES
▪ 2 m (min) width.
For all block faces:
▪ Locate below
▪ Limit vehicle
▪ Space trees 8 m
grade with the accesses to 2 per
apart (max) along
exception of block face.
block face.
overhead LRT-
For streets adjacent to ground-floor retail:
▪ Prohibit driveways or
▪ 1.5 m width (min).
▪ Pedestrian-scaled
▪ Paved or
lighting should landscaped
be provided within the station area.
▪ Locate trees in
related utilities.
▪ Locate light
furniture zone standard in
within tree furniture zone.
wells, grates or planters.
vehicle access
For streets adjacent (except for access
to the station: to alleys).
▪ Provide canopy- forming street tree varieties.
PUBLIC BOULEVARD
DESCRIPTIONS
PUBLIC
BOULEVARD
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Figure 51: Overhead Weather Protection Example
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INTERSECTION
IMPROVEMENTS
▪ One side of the
▪ Physically
▪ Both sides of the
▪ Both directions
▪ Bicycle boxes, roadway
separated bicycle
roadway
on roadway
bike signals,
▪ Require minimal
lanes (either
▪ Application
▪ Single file or
pavement intersection
along one side of
and associated
side-by-side
markings, etc. crossings and
the roadway, or
signage in
applications
▪ May be conflicts with accesses
on both sides of the roadway)
accordance with
▪ Application TAC guidelines
and associated
considered where volumes
▪ Application
▪ Application in
signage in
and intersection and associated
accordance with
accordance with
characteristics signage in
best practices.
TAC guidelines
warrant. Used accordance with
▪ Consideration
in conjunction TAC guidelines
must be given
with major to minimizing
bicycle routes intersection
and applied in conflicts, and
accordance with continuity of
TAC guidelines facility type within a broader context
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Figure 60: Shared Use Pathway Figure 61: Separated Bicycle Lanes
Figure 62: Bicycle Parking Curbside Parking Lane Figure 63: Covered Bicycle Parking
BIKE
CENTRE
▪ Showers
▪ Lockers
▪ Change rooms
▪ Car-sharing services
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Figure 65: Bicycle Parking Zones Figure 64: Bike Centre
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The graphics on the following pages illustrate the
expectations identified on the Roadway Guidelines
table. These descriptions should be used in
conjunction with the guideline table.
Curb extensions protect pedestrians by minimizing Curb extensions provide in-traffic bus stop locations
roadway crossing distances and serving as a refuge hat will accommodate all ETS bus vehicles. Curb
for those waiting to cross streets. They also serve to extensions also protect bus riders by providing
slow traffic and provide opportunities for adequate queuing and exiting areas and affording
streetscape enhancements such as landscaping, sufficient space for shelters. Where possible, bus
bike parking, seating and other street elements. stops should be located to accommodate curbside
parking that supports retail uses adjacent to the
Corner radii should be minimized to reduce speeds station.
of turning vehicles.
ROADWAY DESCRIPTIONS
Figure 68: Curb Extension (Typical) Figure 69: Curb Extension (Bus Stops)
For more information about bus-to-LRT
interchanges, refer to the Guidelines for Urban Style
LRT.
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1
CROSSWALK
S
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Figure 70: Intersection Crosswalk Figure 71: Mid-Block Crosswalk
Edmonton's Design Committee has established the following principles of urban design that should be applied
as guidelines to all LRT and Transit Centre Station Area Types.
Principle A—Urbanism Strive to create and restore the existing urban fabric within the metropolitan region,
create real communities and diverse districts, conserve the natural environment and respect Edmonton's built
legacy.
▪ A1 Creating and enhancing the city.
▪ A2 Creating and enhancing the neighbourhood, district and corridor.
▪ A3 Creating and enhancing the block, street and building .
Principle B—Design Excellence Exemplify design excellence by incorporating, translating and interpreting all
three design principles to the greatest extent possible, consistent with best contemporary practices.
▪ B1 Sustainability is an integral component of the design.
▪ B2 Integration and encouragement of public arts and culture.
▪ B3 Celebrate the winter city and Edmonton's climate.
▪ B4 Durable, permanent and timeless materials.
▪ B5 Appropriate use of innovation.
▪ Surveillance–Create the perception that people can be seen (eyes on the station).
▪ Access–Create multiple well-defined and highly visible egress options (escape routes).
▪ Activity–Create and support an active environment that attracts people (year-long and day-round use).
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The p
the ar
suppo
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Guiding
Principles
▪ Establish land uses around LRT stations and
transit centres to reflect the characteristics of
surrounding areas and each station's role in the
LRT network.
▪ Focus higher density residential, retail and
employment growth around LRT stations and
transit centres to support City investment in
transportation infrastructure.
Supporting
Principles
▪ Create a variety of public open spaces that will
animate the station platform and support
increased densities within LRT station areas.
▪ Incorporate universally accessible design in
buildings and public spaces within the station
neighbourhood.
▪ Accommodate regional growth in a more
sustainable pattern.
▪ Create compact neighbourhoods with housing,
jobs, shopping and services within convenient
walking distance of transit stations.
▪ Plan for well-designed, environmentally
sustainable and livable communities that
reduce car use.
▪ Frequent service
TOD is not:
ight
L
Rail
There are four essential building blocks
common to all TOD.
▪ Complete streets
▪ Station neighbourhood
Figure
GETTING TO THE STATION
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five-minute (400-metre) walk to or from the transit
▪ Direct sight lines to the station–unless limited
station.
by topography, street grids should not meander
▪ Grid of Streets–the traditional North American or jog.
urban development pattern of a connected network
of streets fosters TOD more effectively than Fine-Grained Grid The ideal TOD street grid is
contemporary suburban development patterns of fine-grained with small block sizes that support
meandering, discontinuous streets and cul-de-sacs. convenient and direct pedestrian access to the
The grid of streets should extend uninterrupted 800 station. The fine-grained grid:
metres from the transit station.
▪ Fosters development that engages and
▪ Complete Streets–in auto-oriented development, activates public streets–precluding development
streets function primarily as conduits for vehicle that is inwardly oriented or set back from the
movement. In TODs, streets are designed to street.
accommodate all modes of transportation and
▪ Creates more development sites–promoting
provide access to the station. Complete streets are
safe, enjoyable and beautiful places where people architectural variety and precluding monolithic
can linger at a cafe, bench or on a terrace. architecture associated with large development
sites.
▪ Transit Interchange–The quality of the interface Figure 80: Fine-Grained Street Grid
between bus transit and rail transit is critical to
ridership. The design of these interchanges can
either promote development adjacent to transit or
discourage it. The placement and design of transit
interchanges at LRT stations should be guided by
the surrounding context. Flexibility should be
enabled by the City's design criteria. This allows
inventive solutions that encourage private
development adjacent to the LRT stations.
GRID OF
STREETS
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are fundamental to the success of a TOD. Essential
building-edge requirements include:
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STATION
HUB
64
given to the provision of curbside parking to support
commercial activity.
Figure 87: Station Hub
ight Rail
L
Transit
Retail Parking
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than expansive regional parks, are more suitable in
a station neighbourhood. The parks provided should
be large enough to accommodate child-friendly play
structures, courts, and informal grassy areas, but
not so large as to consume too much area within
the neighbourhood. As with the station plaza, parks
should be the focal point for adjacent development.
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Street Design Guidelines Street design On-street Parking On-street parking provides a
guidelines should provide guidance for low speed buffer between vehicles and sidewalks, creating a
urban environments conducive to the high-volume safer place for pedestrians. More importantly,
pedestrian-friendly environment anticipated within on-street parking activates the ground floor of
transit station areas. Flexible level of service (LOS) buildings and creates an active street front
standards allow for greater congestion in areas environment for pedestrian use.
served by LRT because residents have better travel
options. In addition, they can improve the Bicycle Facilities Bicycle facilities are an
pedestrian network and accessibility of transit. important component of a balanced transportation
system.
Public Boulevards (including sidewalks)
Public boulevards are the backbone of a balanced Bicycles provide an alternative form of
transportation system. Better pedestrian network transportation which has four times the speed and
design improves the convenience of transit service sixteen times the coverage area of other
and encourages alternative modes of non-motorized travel. Early consideration in the
transportation. community planning process coupled with effective
facility design will establish the bicycle as a viable
Transit Interchange The quality of the interface transportation mode in a balanced transportation
between bus transit and rail transit is critical to system.
ridership. The design of these interchanges can
either promote development adjacent to transit or Bicycle infrastructure to and from LRT stations and
discourage it. The placement and design of transit transit centres is essential and should include
interchanges at LRT stations should be guided by shared-use paths, off-street bicycle paths, and
the surrounding context. Flexibility should be bicycle lanes. Bicycle amenities, such as secure
enabled by the City's design criteria. This allows bicycle parking, should be provided at LRT stations.
inventive solutions that encourage private Transit Passenger Drop-off One way for transit
development adjacent to the LRT stations. passengers to get to transit is to be dropped off by a
riend, partner or taxi. Drop-offs can happen
nfrequently due to weather or convenience or more
egularly due to the coordinated schedules for
members of a household. This transfer of people
Station Amenities Station amenities include rom personal vehicles or taxis to transit should be
shelter, heating, benches, and ticketing. For system accommodated through the design of the LRT
identification and customer comfort, station station or transit centre and the adjacent roadways.
amenities should remain constant between the This should be done in a way that enhances TOD
transit area-types within Edmonton. ather than detracts from it and respects the people
ving, working, and shopping near the LRT station
or transit centre.
Grade Crossings In an ideal transit operator's
world, there would be no grade crossings with
surface streets. In an idealized urban design world, PARKS, PUBLIC SPACES, CIVIC
transit would cross surface streets at grade with NFRASTRUCTURE, COMMUNITY
post mounted signals. Clearly neither side would
create a transit supportive environment. Edmonton
CHARACTER
transit should reevaluate its design criteria to allow
additional at-grade street crossings in appropriate The community investments of parks, amenities and
high density pedestrian environments. This would civic infrastructure have a profound impact on the
allow the flexibility for both gated and signalized adjoining land uses. Access to quality parks and
crossings within existing LRT station areas. public space is a critical element in urban living,
particularly in higher density cities. To provide
appropriate facilities in urban areas, all higher
density residences should be within 3 blocks of a
public park, square, or plaza.
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Schools Existing schools and outdoor play areas
can be integrated within station areas. Whenever
possible, schools should be placed within areas
served by transit. Schools and outdoor play areas
that can be integrated into the urban form, such as
the ground floor of a mixed use building, are
encouraged within 400 metres of an LRT station to
accommodate families. Land-consumptive designed
schools, such as schools with associated field uses,
are more appropriate within 400 to 800 metres of an
LRT station.
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enhances the visual qualities of the area. It adds to LRT and appropriate TOD is to achieve densities
the uniqueness of each respective station's and locate transit-accessible services and housing
neighbourhood. And it serves as to denote the that will maximize ridership and most effectively
quality and character of the time in which it was leverage public investment. Maximizing ridership
crafted, chosen and placed. equates to a lesser reliance on the automobile, and
a need for fewer vehicles per capita. The wisdom
Ideally public art will be selected through an and success of this intention has been
appropriate public process, and selected based on demonstrated in comparable systems elsewhere.
its appropriateness for the specific site. The least Additional benefits of this decrease in cars include:
successful rail-oriented art is “plop art”, chosen and development savings due to more efficient land
placed after the fact in remainder locations. A more utilization, construction savings as a result of
successful approach is to fund and begin early the minimized structured parking, a lowering of
process of identifying artists and art locations, and infrastructure maintenance costs, and greater per
allowing the artist, the system designers, and the capita disposable income due to lower real estate
neighbourhood to identify neighbourhood themes in costs and fuel savings.
order to integrate the themes and the art into the
station design. Refer to the City Policy C458B, One way in which to allow the market to naturally
Percent for Art to Provide and Encourage Art in ecalibrate is to lower or eliminate or further lower
Public Areas. parking minimums. This is equally true for both
esidential and commercial development. By
allowing development to consider lower minimums,
t encourages development to otherwise innovate in
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS order to allow yet lower development costs while
ensuring marketability and project success. A
Development Incentives Development simple example would be looking to developments
incentives can have tremendous value in ripe elsewhere that directly subsidize or incent transit
development markets with land scarcity. They can usage, as well as incorporating other transportation
help direct augmented densities to particular alternatives (shared vehicles, bicycle facilities) in
locations through density transfers. They can order to accommodate a lower parking count.
reward projects through additional development
capacity and other flexibilities in exchange for public Public/Private Partnering One way to best
and other amenities provided by a project.
oster the meeting of public goals and the needs of
private development is through public/private
Another arena of incentives that might have value partnerships. Such partnerships can work creatively
would be procedure-based incentives. For example, ogether to best-develop appropriate and visionary
streamlined review tracks that simplify and expedite catalytic projects around transit. This is particularly
the approval of projects in exchange for the so when working to manifest projects that are
forwarding of particular policy-supportive elements. atypical and/or addressing unusual challenges.
Development incentives can be site-specific. For For example, the City of Edmonton could consider
example, as higher density development in partnering with local developers to build example
Edmonton is most likely to occur incrementally, projects, such as mixed-income housing or mixed-
development incentives should be concentrated in a use buildings, which fit this development type. In
few key station areas. Those station areas would addition to familiarizing the development community
presumably be identified as those that have with this approach, these projects could act as
stronger markets, significant opportunity sites for catalysts to the creation of mixed-income,
development, with the potential to leverage public mixed-use, transit-oriented communities.
incentive into private investment.
▪ tax rebates
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GLOSSAR Curb-Extension—widened sidewalk areas at
Y intersections or mid-block, often in place of parking,
thereby narrowing the pedestrian crossing distance
when crossing a right-of-way
Block—the land area bounded by public rights- Development Capacity—the total amount of
of-way development that may be built in an area
Build-Out Concept—the illustration and/or Employment Uses—land uses that are designated
description of a vision for a station area should all for office or commercial use
TOD sites and associated infrastructure be
constructed per plan requirements
Façade—the outside of any exterior wall of a
building
Building Area—total square metres of floor area in
a building
Finished Floor—the elevation of the final floor
covering inside a building
Circulation Framework—a plan and approach for
a network of complete streets within the study area
Flanking—to be situated at the side of
that allows pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists and
public transit patrons to move directly, conveniently,
Floor Area Ratio (FAR)—the total floor area of all
and safely t hroughout the district and between the
buildings or structures on a given site divided by the
station, surrounding neighbourhoods and adjacent
total area in square metres (m2)
uses
Neighbourhood-Serving—commercial uses,
scaled and programmed to meet the basic needs
and services of an immediate neighbourhood area
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Parking, Curbside—on-street parking spaces that
are located parallel and adjacent to the street's curb