Filtration

Review Questions:

1. A filtration is carried out for 10 min at a constant rate in a leaf filter and there after it is continued at
constant pressure which is attained at the end of the constant rate period. If one quarter of the total
value of the filtrate collected is during the constant rate period. What is the total filtration time? Assume
that the cake is incompressible and that the filter medium resistance is negligible.
a. 30 minutes b. 45 minutes c. 50 minutes d. 55 minutes
2. Small leaf filter is run at constant rate. It is found that initial pressure differential is 35 kPa and the
pressure differential after 20 minutes of operation is 345 kPa during which 0.1 m 3 of filtrate is collected.
If this filter were used with the same slurry in a constant pressure filtration at 345 kPa, how much of the
filtrate is collected in 20 minutes? Assume incompressible cake and operation occurs under CRF.
a. 0.1306 m3 b. 0.2306 m3 c. 0.3306 m3 d.0.4306 m3
Linked Problem: (3-4) A plate and frame filter press contains 24 frames, each 2.5 cm thick with inside
dimensions 0.6 m x 0.6 m. Filtering time is 2 hours. Wash water volume is 10% of the filtrate volume per
cycle. Filtering and washing are done at the same pressure. Final cake is 0.050 m3/m3 filtrate.
3. What is the time of washing
a.1.2 hours b. 3.2 hours c. 1.6 hours d. 2.6 hours
4. What is the daily capacity if dumping, cleaning and assembling is 30 minutes per cycle
a.22.00 m3 b. 19.29 m3 c. 30.00 m3 d. 25.29 m3
5. A slurry is filtered to produce 56 m per day of filtrate. Filtrate is conducted at a rate of 0.24 m3/m2-hr
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in a plate and frame press until the pressure is 450 kPa. The filtration is held constant at constant
pressure until the rate drops to 30%. The constant pressure starts when .73 m3 per m2 of filtrate has been
produced. The time required for cleaning, dumping and reassembling the press is 45 min. Calculate the
filter area required, neglecting the resistance offered by the filter cloth.
a.13.06 m2 b.13.16 m2 c. 18.36 m2 d. 21.18 m2
6.A standard leaf filter gives 20 ft3 of filtrate in two hours of filtration time per cycle. If washing time is
30 minutes, draining time is 20 minutes, filling time is 25 minutes and dumping, cleaning, etc is 35
minutes, the capacity of the leaf filter, in ft3 per hour is
a.2.2 b. 4.4 c. 6.6 d.
7.A plate and frame filter press is used to filter a compressible sludge (s=0.45) at 50 psi for 2 hours.
Washing is done at 30 psi with wash water equal to 10% of the filtrate volume collected. The washing
time is
a. 97 minutes b. 107 minutes c. 117 minutes d. 127 minutes
8. A rotary drum filter with 35% of its filtering area submerged in the slurry, turns at 0.5 rpm. The
filtrate production is 0.61 cubic meter per minute per square meter of filtering area submerged when
filtering lime slurry. Average production is 20.4 m3 of filtrate per hour. The estimated area of the filter
cloth in square meter is
a. 1.1 b. 1.2 c. 1.6 d. 3.2
9. From problem 8, if the drum has a diameter of 1.0 m, the width of the drum, in centimeters is
a. 27 b. 31 c. 41 d. 51
10. In a constant rate filtration test, the pressure rises from 4 to 45 psi in 10 minutes collecting 3 ft 3 of
filtrate. The equivalent resistance of the filter medium for this rest in cubic feet is_____
a.0.183 b. 0.293 c.0.303 d.0.387
11.In a plate and frame filter press, the rate of washing is equal to _____ of the final filtration rate.
a.1/4 b. 1/8 c. same d.½
12. A plate and frame filter press is used to filter a certain sludge for 2 hours at constant pressure.
Washing is done by using 10% of the filtrate volume collected. The time of washing is
a. 86 minutes b. 96 minutes c. 106 minutes d. 110 minutes
13. A plate and frame filter press contains 24 frames, each 1 in. thick and has inside dimensions of 2 ft x 2
ft . Filtering time is 2 hours. Wash water volume is 10% of the filtrate volume per cycle. Filtering and
washing are done at the same pressure. The final cake is 0.05 ft3/ft3 of filtrate. If the time for cleaning
and reassembling is 30 min/cycle, the capacity of the press is
a. 936 ft3/day b. 807 ft3/day c. 738 ft3/day d.689 ft3/day
14. The capacity of the rotary vacuum filter will change by a factor of ___ if the submerged area is
increased by 20% with the speed and pressure remains constant.
a. 1.1 b. 2.2 c. 3.3 d. 4.4
15.In filtration of Al(OH)3 the following data were obtained: the pump is operated at maximum pressure
of 50 psi; filtration was completed at constant pressure; constant rate operation time is 15 min. and 1/3 of
the total volume is obtained during this period. Given the above data, the filtration time is _____.
a. 50 min b. 60 min c. 75 min d. 85 min
16. If only ½ of the original filtrate volume of question 15 were to be collected with the area remaining
unchanged, the new filtration time is
a. 24.4 min b. 48.8 min c. 36.6 min d. 64.4 min
17. If a duplicate pump were installed in parallel with the present pump of question 16, the percent
reduction in filtration time is
a. 6.6 % b. 7.7 % c. 8.8 % d. 9.9 %
18. A plate and frame filter press with 10 frames is used to filter a slurry at a constant pressure. Total
filtration area is 75 ft2 and the filter delivers 400 lbs of filtrate in 30 minutes. If 10 more frames are
added to the filter press, while other conditions remain constant, the time to produce 400 lb of filtrate,
assuming Rm=0, is _____?
a. 7.5 min b. 8.5 min c. 9.5 min d. 10.5 min
19. A rotary vacuum filter with negligible filter medium resistance delivers 125 ft 3 of filtrate per minute
when a given CaCO3-H2O mixture is filtered under known conditions. If the pressure drop over the cake
is doubled, all other conditions remains constant, the volume of filtrate delivered per hour is ___?
a. 10, 620 ft3 b.11, 260 ft3 c.12, 026 ft3 d.13, 620 ft3
20.In a plate and frame filter press, the rate of filtration is directly proportional to the
a. resistance of the filter b. resistance of the filter c. cross-section of the d. viscosity of the
cake medium filter surface filtrate
21. For a classification of potable water, we use
a. vacuum leaf filter b.gravity sand filter c. plate and frame filter d. rotary drum filter
22. During the washing of cake
a.all resistance are b. filter medium c. filter medium d. pressure drop
constant resistance increases decreases increasees
23. The porosity of a compressible cake is
a. zero at filter medium b. minimum at filter c. maximum at filter d. same through all out
medium medium
24. The unit of filter medium resistance is
a.gram-1 b. gram2-cm c. cm/gram d. cm-1
25. The medium resistance is controlled by
a. the pressure drop b. the flow rate alone c. both a and b d. none of the above
along
26. The compressibility coefficient for an absolutely compressible cake is
a. 0 b. -1 c. 1 d. between 0 to 1
27. For separation of sugar solution from settled out mud we use
a.centrifugal filter b. leaf filter c. sparkler filter d. rotary drum filter
28. The most common filter aid is
a. sodium carbonate b. silica gel c. calcium silicate d. diatomaceous
earth
29. Filtration of water in a paper mill is done by
a. open sand filter b. plate and frame fiter c. vacuum leaf filter d. sparkler filter
30. Which of the following may prove unsuitable for filtering volatile liquids?
a. pressure filter b. gravity filter c. centrifugal filter d. vacuum filter
31. Gelatinous solid (which plug the septum) can be filtered by
a. sparkler filter b. plate and frame filter c. vacuum leaf filter d. precost filter
32. Moore filter is a
a. leaf filter b. filter press c. rotary filter d. sand filter
33.Flow of filtrate through cake in a plate and frame filter press is best describedby
a. Fanning Equation b. Kozency-Carman c. Hagen-Poiseu d. Darcy equation
equation equation
34.With increase in drum speed, in a rotary drum filter, the filtration rate
a. decreases b. increases c. remains constant d. becomes zero
35. What is being held constant during the cake formation in the use of continuous filters.
a. pressure drop b. resistance c. volumetric rate d. filtering rate