STEEL POLE DESIGN USING

PLS-POLE
JARED S. CUCHAPIN
AUGUST 1, 2019
References:
 ASCE/SEI 48-11: Design of Steel Transmission Poles
 ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 74: Guidelines for Electrical Transmission Line Structural Loading
 ASCE 7-10: Minimum Design Load for Buildings and Other Structures
 Kalaga & Yenumula: Design of Electrical Transmission Lines – Structures and Foundation
 RUS BULLETIN 1724E-200: Design Manual for High Voltage Transmission Lines
 NESC 2017: National Electrical Safety Code
 National Structural Code of the Philippines 2015
P-Learning Outline
• Pole Dimensions/Framing
• Clearances
• Shielding Angle
• Embedment
• Force/Load Tree Diagram
• Vertical Loads
• Transverse Loads
• Wire Tension
• Wind Load
• Longitudinal Loads
• PLS-POLE Simulation
• User Inputs
• Analysis of Results
Clearances
• Based on APDU Standards
Clearance Between: Clearance (ft)

138kV Phase –Phase (Line – Line) 10 ft

138kV L3 – 69kV L1 10 ft

69kV Phase –Phase (Line – Line) 7 ft

69kV L3 – 13.8kV Primary 7 ft

13.8kV Primary – Neutral Line 4 ft

13.8kV Primary - Ground 30 ft

Shielding Angle
Shielding Angle
• Bulletin 1724E-200 (Page 8-6)
• To reduce thepossibility of a shielding failure, the shielding angle should be
kept at 30° or less.
• For structures whose height is in excess of 92 feet, shielding angles of less
than 30° as indicated in Table 8-3, should be used.
Shielding Angle
Shielding Angle

Solution?
Embedment Depth
Embedment Depth
• Concrete Drilled Shaft Foundation
Embedment Depth
• Direct Embedded Pole Foundation
Embedment Depth

Solution?
P-Learning Outline
• Pole Dimensions/Framing
• Clearances
• Shielding Angle
• Embedment
• Force/Load Tree Diagram
• Vertical Loads
• Transverse Loads
• Wire Tension
• Wind Load
• Longitudinal Loads
• PLS-POLE Simulation
• User Inputs
• Analysis of Results
Vertical Loads

Vertical Load = Weight Span * Conductor Unit Weight

Vertical Loads

31 kg Extended Base
17 kg Post Insulator
50.5 kg Cross-Arm
12.1 kg Alley Arm

Vertical Load = Weight Hardware or Insulators

Vertical Loads
• Concept of Moments

F1*D1 = F2*D2
Transverse Load
• Due to Wire Tension
• Due to Wind Load
 Transverse Load
• Conductor Tension

Conductor Tension (kg) RTS (kg) %RTS

795 ACSR 1800 12928 14 %
336.4 800 6373 12.6 %
ACSR
4/0 ACSR 400 3820 10.5 %
3/8 800 4899 16.3 %
7/8 800 6577 12.2 %
OPGW 800 4936 16.2 %
Transverse Load
• Conductor Tension – Tangent Structure

SOLUTION?
Transverse Load
• Conductor Tension – Angle/ Dead-End2x Structure

C -69 D-69
Transverse Load
• Wind Pressure
Transverse Load
• Wind Force Equation ( ASCE/SEI 48-11 )

 Force Coefficient
 Gust Response Factor
 Basic Wind Speed
 Topographic Factor
 Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
 Numerical Constant
 Load Factor
 Area
Transverse Load
• Q – Numerical Constant

Q – Numerical Constant Velocity Wind Pressure

0.00256 Miles per hr (mph) Psf
0.613 m/s Pa
47.3 x10^-6 kph kPa
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient

Type of Exposure Categories:

 Exposure B
 Exposure C
 Exposure D
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Exposure B
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Exposure B
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Exposure C
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Exposure C
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Exposure D
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Exposure D
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Formula:
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Gradient Height and Power Law Exponent
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Effective Height

For WIRES:

For STRUCTURES:
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Formula:
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
• Formula:
Transverse Load
• Kz – Velocity Pressure
Exposure Coefficient
( NESC 2017)
Transverse Load
• Wind Pressure Equation ( ASCE/SEI 48-11 )
Transverse Load
 Topographic Factor ( ASCE/SEI 48-11 )
 Funneling of Winds
 Mountains and hills
 Canyons and Valleys
Transverse Load
 Topographic Factor ( NSCP-2015)
Transverse Load
 Topographic Factor ( NSCP-2015)
Transverse Load
 Basic Wind Speed ( NSCP -2015)
 Is a three-second gust speed at 10m above the ground in Exposure C.
Transverse Load
 Gust Response Factor
 WIRE
 STRUCTURE

 Ref: NESC 2017

Transverse Load
 Force Coefficient • NSCP -2015
 Pole Structures
 ( ASCE/SEI 48-11 )
Transverse Load
 Force Coefficient ( Kalaga )
 Pole Structures
Transverse Load
 Force Coefficient ( ASCE/SEI 48-11 )
 Conductors
Transverse Load
• Wind Pressure Equation ( ASCE/SEI 48-11 )

* Kd? Wind Directionality Factor

 Force Coefficient
 Gust Response Factor
 Basic Wind Speed
 Topographic Factor
 Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient
 Numerical Constant
 Load Factor
 Area
Transverse Load
• Wind Directionality Factor in NSCP 2015?
Longitudinal Loads
P-Learning Outline
• Pole Dimensions/Framing
• Clearances
• Shielding Angle
• Embedment
• Force/Load Tree Diagram
• Vertical Loads
• Transverse Loads
• Wire Tension
• Wind Load
• Longitudinal Loads
• PLS-POLE Simulation
• User Inputs
• Analysis of Results
Structural Analysis
• Load and Strength Criteria
Structural Analysis
• Load and Strength Criteria
Structural Analysis
• Load and Strength Criteria
Structural Analysis
• Load and Strength Criteria
Structural Analysis
• P-Δ Effects
Structural Analysis
• Single Tangent Poles
Structural Analysis
• Angle Structures/Poles
Structural Analysis
• Buckling
Structural Analysis
• Dead-End Structures/Poles