Anda di halaman 1dari 4

M 31M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

Standard Specification for

Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement [Metric]

AASHTO DESIGNATION M 31M-941


(ASTM DESIGNATION A 615M-93)

1. SCOPE1 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 3.1.2 deformations-protrusions on a


deformed bar.
1.1 This specification covers deformed 2.1 AASHTO Standards: 3.1.3 plain bar-steel bar without pro-
and plain billet-steel concrete reinforce- trusions.
R 11 Recommended Practice for
ment bars in cut lengths or coils. The Indicating Which Places of
standard sizes and dimensions of de- Figures Are To Be Consid- 4. ORDERING INFORMATION
formed bars and their number desig- ered Significant in Specified
nations shall be those listed in Table 1. Limiting Values
4.1 Orders for material under this speci-
NOTE 1-For coils of deformed bars, the T 244 Methods and Definitions for fication should include the following
capacity of industrial equipment limits the Mechanical Testing of Steel
maximum bar size that can be straightened.
information.
Products
4.1.1 Quantity (mass),
1.2 Bars are of three minimum yield T 285 Bend Test for Bars for Con-
levels: namely, 300, 400, and 500 MPa, crete Reinforcement 4.1.2 Name of material (deformed and
designated as Grades 300, 400, and 500, plain billet-steel bars for concrete rein-
2.2 ASTM Standards: forcement),
respectively.
A 510M Specification for General 4.1.3 Size,
1.3 Hot-rolled plain rounds, in sizes up to Requirements for Wire
and including 50 mm in diameter in coils Rods and Coarse Round 4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils,
or cut lengths, when specified for dowels, Wire Carbon Steel 4.1.5 Deformed or plain,
spirals, and structural ties or supports,
A 700 Recommended Practices for 4.1.6 Grade,
shall be furnished under the specification
in Grades 300, 400, and 500 (Note 2). Packaging, Marking and 4.1.7 Packaging (see Section 21),
For bending properties, test provisions of Loading Methods for Steel
4.1.8 AASHTO designation and year
the nearest nominal diameter deformed Products for Domestic
of issue, and
bar size shall apply. Those requirements Shipment
4.1.9 Certified mill test reports (if
providing for deformations and marking 2.3 Military Standards:
desired).
shall not be applicable. MIL-STD-129 Marking for Ship-
ment and Storage NOTE 4-A typical ordering description is as
NOTE 2-The mass for plain rounds smaller follows: 500 m, deformed and plain billet-steel
than 10 mm in diameter shall be computed on MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products bars for concrete reinforcement, Nº 20, 15 m
the basis of the size in ASTM A 510M. Preparation for Shipment long, deformed, Grade 400 in secured lifts, to
and Storage AASHTO M 31M--------Certified mill test
1.4 Welding of the material in this speci-
reports are required.
fication should be approached with cau- 2.4 Federal Standard:
tion since no specific provisions have Fed. Std. Nº 123 Marking for
been included to enhance its weldability. Shipment (Civil Agencies) 5. MATERIAL AND MANUFAC-
When the steel is to be welded, a welding TURE
2.5 AWS Standard:
procedure suitable for the chemical com-
position and intended use or service ANSI/AWS D1.4 Structural Welding
should be used. (Note 3). Code-Reinforcing Steel 5.1 The bars shall be rolled from prop-
erly identified heats of mold cast or
NOTE 3-The use of the latest edition of
strand cast steel using the open-hearth,
ANSUAWS D1.4 is recommended for the 3. TERMINOLOGY
welding of reinforcing bars. This document basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process.
describes the proper selection of the filler
metals, preheat/interpass temperatures, as well 3.1 Description of Terms Specific to This
6. CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
as, performance and procedure qualification Standard:
requirements.
3.1.1 deformed bar-steel bar with
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be protrusions; a bar that is intended for use 6.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall
regarded as standard. A complete com- as reinforcement in reinforced concrete be made by the manufacturer from test
panion specification to M 31M, construction. samples taken preferably during the
AASHTO M 31, is available for use with pouring of the heats. The percentages of
3.1.1.1 Discussion-The surface of the bar
inch-pound units. carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and
is provided with lugs or protrusions that
sulfur shall be determined. The phospho-
inhibit longitudinal movement of the bar
rus content thus determined shall not
relative to the concrete surrounding the
exceed 0.06 percent.
bar in such construction. The lugs or
1
Agrees with ASTM A 615M-93 except for the bend protusions conform to the provisions of 6.2 The chemical composition thus de-
testing procedure, which is referenced to AASHTO T this specification. termined shall be reported on request to
285 and Sections 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.3, and 9.1. the purchaser or his representative.
13
M 31M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements
Nominal DimensionsA Deformation Requirements, mm
Bar Designa-
Nominal Mass. Cross-Sectional Maximum Average Minimum Average Maximum Gap (Chord of
tion NºB Diameter, mm 2 Perimeter, mm
kg/m Area, mm Spacing Height 12.5%of Nominal Perimeter)
10 0.785 11.3 100 35.5 7.9 0.45 4.4
15 1.570 16.0 200 50.3 11.2 0.72 6.3
20 2.355 19.5 300 61.3 13.6 0.98 7.7
25 3.925 25.2 500 79.2 17.6 1.26 9.9
30 5.495 29.9 700 93.9 20.9 1.48 11.7
35 7.850 35.7 1000 112.2 25.0 1.79 14.0
45 11.775 43.7 1500 137.3 30.6 2.20 17.2
55 19.625 56.4 2500 177.2 39.4 2.55 22.2
A
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same mass per meter as the deformed bar.
B
Bar designation numbers approximate the number of millimeters of the nominal diameter of the bar.

6.3 An analysis may be made by the ribs shall not exceed 25 percent of the tute cause for rejection unless it has been
purchaser from finished bars. The phos- nominal perimeter of the bar; further- clearly established by determinations on
phorus content thus determined shall not more, the summation of gaps shall not each lot (Note 5) tested that typical de-
exceed that specified in Section 6.1 by exceed 25 percent of the nominal perime- formation height, gap, or spacing do not
more than 25 percent. ter of the bar. The nominal perimeter of conform to the minimum requirements
the bar shall be 3.1416 times the nominal prescribed in Section 7. No rejection may
diameter. be made on the basis of measurements if
7. REQUIREMENTS FOR DE- fewer than 10 adjacent deformations on
FORMATIONS 7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of de-
formations shall conform to the require- each side of the bar are measured.
ments prescribed in Table 1. NOTE 5-A lot is defined as all the bars of one
7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along bar number and pattern of deformation con-
the bar at substantially uniform distances. tained in an individual shipping release or
The deformations on opposite sides of the 8. MEASUREMENTS OF DEFOR- shipping order.
bar shall be similar in size and shape. MATIONS
7.2 The deformations shall be placed
with respect to the axis of the bar so that 8.1 The average spacing of deformations 9. TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
the included angle is not less than 45°. shall be determined by dividing a meas-
Where the line of deformations forms an ured length of the bar specimen by the 9.1 The material, as represented by the
included angle with the axis of the bar of number of individual deformations and test specimens, shall conform to the
from 45 to 70° inclusive, the deforma- fractional parts of deformations on any requirements for tensile properties pre-
tions shall alternately reverse in direction one side of the bar specimen. A measured scribed in Table 2.
on each side, or those on one side shall be length of the bar specimen shall be con- 9.2 The yield point or yield strength shall
reversed in direction from those on the sidered the distance from a point on a be determined by one of the following
opposite side. Where the line of deforma- deformation to a corresponding point on methods:
tion is over 70°, a reversal in direction is any other deformation on the same side
not required. of the bar. Spacing measurements shall 9.2.1 The yield point shall be deter-
not be made over a bar area containing mined by drop of the beam or halt of the
7.3 The average spacing or distance point method as described in Section
between deformations on each side of the bar marking symbols involving letters or
numbers. 13.1.1 of T 244.
bar shall not exceed seven-tenths of the
nominal diameter of the bar. 8.2 The average height of deformations 9.2.2 Where the steel tested does not
shall be determined from measurements exhibit a well-defined yield point, the
7.4 The overall length of deformations yield point shall be determined at exten-
shall be such that the gap between the made on not less than two typical defor-
mations. Determinations shall be based sion under load using an extensometer as
ends of the deformations on opposite described in Section 13.1.3 of T 244.
sides of the bar shall not exceed 12.5 on three measurements per deformation,
one at the center of the overall length and When material is furnished in coils, the
percent of the nominal perimeter of the test sample must be straightened prior to
bar. Where the ends terminate in a longi- the other two at the quarter points of the
overall length. placing it in the jaws of the tensile ma-
tudinal rib, the width of the longitudinal chine (see Note 6).
rib shall be considered the gap. Where 8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient
more than two longitudinal ribs are in- circumferential coverage, or excessive
volved, the total width of all longitudinal spacing of deformations shall not consti-

TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements TABLE 3 Bend Test Requirements


Grade 300A Grade 400 Grade 500B Bar Designation Pin Diameter for Bend TestsA
Tensile strength, min, MPa 500 600 700 Nº Grade 300 Grade 400 Grade 500
Yield strength, min, MPa 300 400 500 10, 15 3 ½ dB 3½d -
Elongation in 200 mm, min., % 20 5d 5d -
Bar Nº: 25 - 5d -
10 11 9 - 30 - 7d -
15, 20 12 9 - 35 - 7d 7d
25 - 8 - 45, 55 (90°) - 9d 9d
30 - 7 - A
Test bends 180° unless noted otherwise.
35, 45, 55 - 7 6 B
d = nominal diameter of specimen.
A
Grade 300 bars are furnished only in sizes 10 through 20.
B
Grade 500 bars are furnished only in sizes 35. 45, and 55.

14
M 31M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

9.3 The percentage of elongation shall be 13. TEST SPECIMENS 16. INSPECTION
as prescribed in Table 2 when tested in
accordance with Section 13.4 of T 244.
13.1 Tension test specimens shall be 16.1 The inspector representing the
NOTE 6-Straightening should be done care- the full section of the bar as rolled. The purchaser shall have free entry, at all
fully to avoid the formation of local sharp unit stress determination shall be based times while work on the contract of the
bends and to minimize cold work. Insufficient on the nominal bar area. purchaser is being performed, to all parts
straightening prior to attaching the extensom-
13.2 The bend-test specimens shall be of the manufacturer's works that concern
eter can result in lower-than-actual strength
readings. the full section of the bar as rolled. the manufacture of the material ordered.
The manufacturer shall afford the inspec-
tor all reasonable facilities to satisfy him
10. BENDING REQUIREMENTS 14. NUMBER OF TESTS that the material is being furnished in
accordance with this specification. All
tests (except product analysis) and in-
10.1 The bend-test specimens shall 14.1 For bar sizes Nº 10 to 35, inclu-
spection shall be made at the place of
withstand being bent around a pin with- sive, one tension test and one bend test
manufacture prior to shipment, unless
out cracking on the outside of the bent shall be made of the largest size rolled
otherwise specified, and shall be so con-
portion when tested according to from each heat. If, however, material
ducted as not to interfere unnecessarily
AASHTO T 285. The requirements for from one heat differs by three or more
with the operation of the works.
angle of bending and size of pins are designation numbers, one tension and one
bend test shall be made from both the 16.2 For Government Procurement
described in Table 3.
highest and lowest designation number of Only-Except as otherwise specified in the
10.2 Other acceptable more severe the deformed bars rolled. contract, the contractor is responsible for
methods of bend testing, such as placing the performance of all inspection and test
a specimen across two pins free to rotate 14.2 In the case of Nº 45 and 55 bars,
requirements specified herein and may
and applying the bending force with a one tension test and one bend test shall be
use his own or any other suitable facili-
fixed pin, may be used. When failures made of each size from each heat.
ties for the performance of the inspection
occur under more severe methods, retests and test requirements specified herein,
shall be permitted under the bend test 15. RETESTS unless disapproved by the purchaser at
method prescribed in Section 10.1. the time of purchase. The purchaser shall
have the right to perform any of the
15.1 If any tensile property of any inspections and tests at the same fre-
11. PERMISSIBLE VARIATION IN tension test specimen is less than that
MASS quency as set forth in this specification,
specified, and any part of the fracture is where such inspections are deemed nec-
outside the middle third of the gage essary to assure that material conforms to
11.1 The permissible variation shall length, as indicated by scribe scratches prescribed requirements.
not exceed 6 percent under nominal marked on the specimen before testing, a
mass, except for bars smaller than 10 mm retest shall be allowed.
plain round, the permissible variation in 15.2 If the results of an original ten- 17. REJECTION
mass shall be computed on the basis of sion specimen fail to meet the specified
the permissible variation in diameter in minimum requirements and are within 14 17.1 Unless otherwise specified, any
Specification ASTM A 51OM. Reinforc- MPa of the required tensile strength, rejection based on tests made in accor-
ing bars are evaluated on the basis of within 7 MPa of the required yield point, dance with Section 5.3 shall be reported
nominal mass. In no case shall the over- or within two percentage units of the to the manufacturer within 5 working
mass of any bar be the cause for rejec- required elongation, a retest shall be days from the receipt of samples by the
tion. permitted on two random specimens for purchaser.
11.2 The specified limit of variation each original tension spe-cimen failure
17.2 Material that shows injurious
shall be evaluated in accordance with from the lot. If all results of these retest
defects subsequent to its acceptance at
Recommended Practice R 11 (rounding specimens meet the specified require-
the manufacturer's works will be rejected,
method). ments, the lot shall be accepted.
and the manufacturer shall be notified.
15.3 If a bend test fails for reasons
17.3 Substitution of bars produced to
other than mechanical reasons or flaws in
12. FINISH Supplementary Requirement S 1 (marked
the specimen as described in Section 15.4
S) for bars ordered to the basis Specifica-
and Section 15.5, a retest shall be permit-
tion (marked N) shall not be cause for
12.1 The bars shall be free of detri- ted on two random specimens from the
rejection.
mental surface imperfections. same lot. If the results of both test speci-
mens meet the specified requirements,
12.2 Rust, seams, surface irregulari-
the lot shall be accepted. 18. REHEARING
ties, or mill scale shall not be cause for
rejection, provided the mass, dimensions, 15.4 If any test specimen fails because
cross-sectional area, and tensile proper- of mechanical reasons such as failure of 18.1 Samples tested in accordance
ties of a hand wire brushed test specimen testing equipment or improper specimen with Section 6.3 that represent rejected
are not less than the requirements of this preparation, it may be discarded and material shall be preserved for 2 weeks
specification. another specimen taken. from the date rejection is reported to the
12.3 Surface imperfections other than 15.5 If any test specimen develops manufacturer. In case of dissatisfaction
those specified in Section 12.2 shall be flaws, it may be discarded and another with the results of the tests, the manufac-
considered detrimental when specimens specimen of the same size bar from the turer may make claim for a rehearing
containing such imperfections fail to same heat substituted. within that time.
conform to either tensile or bending
requirements.
15
M 31M SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS

19. TEST REPORTS shall be tagged for grade, shall be identi- five spaces offset each direction from the
fied by a distinguishing set of marks center of the bar. (No marking designa-
legibly rolled into the surface of one side tion for Grade 300 bars.)
19.1 When specified in the purchase of the bar to denote in the following
order, report the following information, order:
on a per heat basis. Additional items may 21. PACKAGING
be reported as requested or desired. 20.3.1 Point of Origin-Letter or symbol
established as the producer's mill desig-
19.1.1 Chemical analysis including nation. 21.1 When specified in the purchase
carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and order, packaging shall be in accordance
sulfur. 20.3.2 Size Designation-Arabic number
corresponding to bar designation number with the procedures in Practices ASTM A
19.1.2 Tensile properties. of Table 1. 700.
19.1.3 Bend test. 20.3.3 Type of Steel-Letter S indicating 21.2 For Government Procurement
that the bar was produced to this specifi- Only-When specified in the contract or
cation or for Grade 400 bars only, letters order, and for direct procurement by or
20. MARKING direct shipment to the U.S. Government,
S and W indicating that the bar was
produced to meet both this specification material shall be preserved, packaged,
20.1 When loaded for mill shipment, and specification ASTM A 706/A 706M. and packed in accordance with the re-
bars shall be properly separated and quirements of MIL-STD-163. The appli-
20.3.4 Minimum Yield Designation-For cable levels shall be as specified in the
tagged with the manufacturer's heat or
Grade 400 bars, either the number 4 or a contract. Marking for shipment of such
test identification number.
single continuous longitudinal line material shall be in accordance with Fed.
20.2 Each producer shall identify the through at least five spaces offset from Std. Nº 123 for civil agencies and
symbols of his marking system. the center of the bar side. For Grade 500 MILSTD-129 for military agencies.
20.3 All bars produced to this specifi- bars, either the number 5 or two continu-
cation, except plain round bars which ous longitudinal lines through at least

16

Anda mungkin juga menyukai