in Sport
2015
YOUR GUIDE TO BANNED
AND PERMITTED MEDICINES/
NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS
IN COMPETITIVE SPORT
Q UA L I T Y L I F E | Q UA L I T Y P R O D U C T S
Available at
CONCEPT
Available in selected stores STORES
Credits
Business Manager: Silke Friedrich
Consulting Editor: Marlize Smuts, M.Pharm
Senior Designer: Eona Smit
Sales Executives: Barbara Milroy
Loren Chimes
Production Manager: Mercy Baloyi
2
Drugs in Sport
Foreword
4
Drugs in Sport
Contents
Introduction............................................................................... 6
What is Doping?...................................................................... 10
Drug-Testing In Sport............................................................. 12
5
Drugs in Sport
Introduction
Introduction
6
Drugs in Sport
Introduction
7
Drugs in Sport
Introduction
8
Drugs in Sport
Introduction
9
Drugs in Sport
What is Doping?
What is Doping?
Doping is a deliberate or unintentional use by athletes of
medicines, dietary supplements (vitamin, mineral, herbal or
other nutritional preparation) or methods that may enhance
performance during a sporting event. Performance-enhancing
substances are banned in organised sport.
Deliberate doping
Those who deliberately use performance-enhancing
substances to give them an edge over other competitors
in sport are engaging in deliberate doping. The penalties
for being discovered through testing can be severe; an
anti-doping rule violation in sport – whether deliberate or
not – may lead to disqualification of the result obtained in
that competition with all resulting consequences, including
forfeiture of any medals, points and prizes. Depending on
the findings of the South African Institute for Drug-Free
Sport (SAIDS), the athlete may further be banned from
participating in any sporting event for a fixed period of time –
or indefinitely.
10
Drugs in Sport
What is Doping?
11
Drugs in Sport
Drug-Testing in Sport
Drug-Testing in Sport
Drug testing – enforced by the South African Institute for
Drug-Free Sport (SAIDS) – has become an increasingly large
part of both professional and amateur sports in this country.
An athlete can be called for drug-testing at any time, in- or out-
of- competition. Testing may be random or targeted.
Urine-testing
The athlete may be notified by an official about a drug test,
and asked to sign a form acknowledging this notification. The
athlete is entitled to have a representative (such as his coach
or team doctor) present to verify that the testing occurs in
accordance with the prescribed guidelines. A urine sample of
approximately 90 ml is required (under close scrutiny of an
official of the same gender); the urine is split into two bottles,
marked A and B and sealed by the athlete. Each set of test kit
bottles has a unique code number which is recorded on the
relevant paperwork. The laboratory staff never knows the
athlete’s name; only the bottle identification number. This
ensures that the correct result is given to the athlete whilst
retaining his/her anonymity.
Following the sampling procedure, the athlete must complete
a medical declaration, which states all medicines and
substances that he or she has taken during the previous seven
days. It is important to record everything – from prescribed
drugs to over-the-counter medicines and supplements. If any
of these substances appear on the prohibited list, the athlete
must be in possession of a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE).
The athlete, representative and official all check the form
before the official and athlete sign it, and both parties
hold a copy.
The samples are then sent to a laboratory accredited by
the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) where sample A is
tested. If sample A tests positive for any banned substance,
the laboratory will notify SAIDS which in turn notifies the
governing body of the sport; it in turn notifies the athlete. The
athlete may request to have his/her sample B analysed. The
athlete is entitled to be present at the opening and verification
and testing of the B sample. If this, too, is positive, the
athlete will have the opportunity to present his/her case to an
independent tribunal which will determine the merits of the
case presented by both parties, namely the athlete and SAIDS.
The independent tribunal will then decide on the matter.
12
Drugs in Sport
Drug-Testing in Sport
Blood-testing
Blood-testing is used to detect drugs such as human
Growth Hormone (hGH), erythropoietin (EPO) and artificial
oxygen carriers or plasma expanders. Similar anonymity
and representative procedures apply as for urine sampling
where the athlete is asked to select and check the testing and
collection equipment. Depending on the type of test required,
either one or two samples of blood are collected. Once
collected, the blood tubes are inserted directly into the A and
B sample collection bottles and sealed by the athlete. Samples
are sent to an accredited laboratory for testing.
More recently, WADA is leading the development of a strategy
against doping in sport called the Athlete Passport Program,
which is based on following an athlete's biological variables
over time. The objective of this strategy, which will be added
to other anti-doping strategies, including "traditional" testing,
is to detect abnormal variations of determined biological
variables in order to better target testing and/or sanction
those found with abnormal variations.
13
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES
14
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
15
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
• methyldienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9-dien-
3-one)
• methyl-1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androst-
1-en-3-one)
• methylnortestosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestr-4-en-
3-one)
• methyltestosterone
• metribolone (methyltrienolone, 17β-hydroxy-17α-
methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one)
• mibolerone
• nandrolone
• 19-norandrostenedione (estr-4-ene-3,17-dione)
• norboletone
• norclostebol
• norethandrolone
• oxabolone
• oxandrolone
• oxymesterone
• oxymetholone
• prostanozol (17β-[(tetrahydropyran-2-yl)oxy]-1’H-
pyrazolo[3,4:2,3]-5α-androstane)
• quinbolone
• stanozolol
• stenbolone
• 1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-3-one)
• tetrahydrogestrinone (17-hydroxy-18a-homo-19-nor-17α-
pregna-4,9,11-trien-3-one)
• trenbolone (17β-hydroxyestr-4,9,11-trien-3-one);
• and other substances with a similar chemical structure or
similar biological effect(s).
18
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
PROHIBITED METHODS
19
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES
S6. Stimulants
All stimulants, including all optical isomers (eg d- and l- where
relevant) are prohibited.
Stimulants include:
a: Non-specified stimulants:
• adrafinil
• amfepramone
• amphetamine
• amfetaminil
• amiphenazole
• benfluorex
• benzylpiperazine
• bromantan
• clobenzorex
• cocaine
• cropropamide
• crotetamide
• fencamine
• fenetylline
• fenfluramine
• fenproporex
• fonturacetam [4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon)]
• furfenorex
• mefenorex
• mephentermine
• mesocarb
• metamfetamine(d-)
• p-methylamphetamine
20
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
• modafinil
• norfenfluramine
• phendimetrazine
• phentermine
• prenylamine
• prolintane.
A stimulant not expressly listed in this section is a Specified
Substance.
b: Specified stimulants.
Including, but not limited to:
• benzfetamine
• cathine**
• cathinone and its analogues, eg mephedrone, methedrone,
and α- pyrrolidinovalerophenone dimethylamphetamine
• ephedrine***
• epinephrine**** (adrenaline)
• etamivan
• etilamfetamine
• etilefrine
• famprofazone
• fenbutrazate
• fencamfamin
• heptaminol
• hydroxyamfetamine (parahydroxyamphetamine)
• isometheptene
• levmetamfetamine
• meclofenoxate
• methylenedioxymethamphetamine
• methylephedrine***
• methylhexaneamine (dimethylpentylamine)
• methylphenidate
• nikethamide
• norfenefrine
• octopamine
• oxilofrine (methylsynephrine)
• pemoline
• pentetrazol
• phenethylamine and its derivatives
• phenmetrazine
• phenpromethamine
• propylhexedrine
• pseudoephedrine*****
• selegiline
• sibutramine
• strychnine
• tenamfetamine (methylenedioxyamphetamine)
• tuaminoheptane
21
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
S7. Narcotics
Prohibited:
• buprenorphine
• dextromoramide
• diamorphine (heroin)
• fentanyl and its derivatives
• hydromorphone
• methadone
• morphine
• oxycodone
• oxymorphone
• pentazocine
• pethidine
S8. Cannabinoids
Prohibited:
• Natural, eg cannabis, hashish and marijuana, or synthetic
• 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
• Cannabimimetics, eg “Spice”, JWH-018, JWH-073, HU-210.
S9. Glucocorticoids
All glucocorticoids are prohibited when administered by oral,
intravenous, intramuscular or rectal routes.
22
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED IN
PARTICULAR SPORTS
P1. Alcohol
Alcohol (ethanol) is prohibited In Competition only, in the
following sports. Detection will be conducted by analysis
of breath and/or blood. The doping violation threshold is
equivalent to a blood alcohol concentration of 0.10 g/L.
• Air Sports (FAI)
• Archery (WA)
• Automobile (FIA)
• Motorcycling (FIM)
• Powerboating (UIM)
P2. Beta-Blockers
Beta-blockers are prohibited In Competition only, in the
following sports, and also prohibited Out of Competition
where indicated.
• Archery (WA)*
• Automobile (FIA)
• Billiards (all disciplines) (WCBS)
• Darts (WDF)
• Golf (IGF)
• Shooting (ISSF, IPC)*
• Skiing/Snowboarding (FIS) in ski jumping, freestyle aerials/
halfpipe and snowboard halfpipe/big air
• Underwater sports (CMAS) in constant-weight apnoea with
or without fins, dynamic apnoea with and without fins, free
immersion apnoea, Jump Blue apnoea, spearfishing, static
apnoea, target shooting and variable weight apnoea.
23
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
• metoprolol
• nadolol
• oxprenolol
• pindolol
• propranolol
• sotalol
• timolol
24
Drugs in Sport
2015 WADA Prohibited Substances
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
25
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
26
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
Abbreviations
Aer Aerosol IM inj Intramuscular injection
Aq Aqueous IS inj Intrasynovial injection (local)
Caps Capsules IV inj Intravenous injection
Cr Cream Liq Liquid
Conc Concentrate Oint Ointment
DoU Declaration of Use Ophth Ophthalmic
DP Dry powder capsules OTC Over-the-counter
Caps for inhalation
Emuls Emulsion Paed Paediatric
Inf Infusion PoM Prescription-only medicine
Inh Inhaler (PoM) OTC or PoM for certain
conditions
Inhal Inhalation Sol Solution
Inj Injection Supps Suppositories
IA inj Intra-articular injection Susp Suspension
IB inj Intrabursal injection Syr Syrup
(local)
ID inj Intradermal injection Tabs Tablets
(local)
IL inj Intralesion injection TUE Therapeutic Use Exemption
(local)
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
27
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
28
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
29
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
30
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
31
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
32
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
33
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
34
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
35
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
36
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
37
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
38
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
39
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
40
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
41
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
42
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
43
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
44
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
45
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
46
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
47
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
48
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
49
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
Fexo 120 Tablets, 180 Tablets Flora Force Chinese Green Tea
FG-4592 (hypoxia-inducible Capsules *
factor (HIF) stabilizer) Flora Force Cholesterol Aid
FGFs (fibroblast growth factors) Capsules *
Fibolax Powder * Flora Force Circulation Drops * [3]
fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) Flora Force Clove Capsules *
Fibro-Vein Injection Flora Force Colostrum Capsules * [9]
Filibon Capsules Flora Force Comfrey Capsules *
Fincar 5 Tablets PoM Flora Force Dandelion Capsules *
Finpecia Tablets PoM Flora Force Devil’s Claw Tablets *
Firmagon Powd for Susp for Inj PoM Flora Force Dong Quai Capsules *
Fixime Tablets PoM Flora Force Ear Candles *
FKSA Cefuroxime Injection PoM Flora Force Echi-Mune Drops * [3]
Flagyl Tablets, Susp, Flora Force Echinacea Capsules *
Supps, Inf PoM Flora Force Essiac Liquid *
Flamaryx Tablets PoM Flora Force Fennel Capsules *
Flemeze Syrup Flora Force Fenugreek Capsules *
Flexocam Tablets PoM Flora Force Feverfew Capsules *
Flexor Tablets * Flora Force Focus Formula
Flixonase Aqua Nasal Spray, Drops *
Nasules PoM Flora Force Ginger Capsules *
Flixotide Inhaler, Accuhaler PoM Flora Force Ginkgo Capsules *
Flomax SR Capsules PoM Flora Force Gotu Kola Capsules *
Flomist Aqua Nasal Spray PoM Flora Force Guarana Capsules *
Flonase Aqua Nasal Spray Flora Force Hayfever Relief Drops *
Flora-Balance LR Chew Tablet, Flora Force Herbalax Capsules *
Drops *
Flora Force Herbal Cough
Flora-Balance SB Capsules * Mixture Liquid * [3]
Flora Force Allergo Capsules * Flora Force Hypertension
Flora Force Aloe Bitters Capsules * Formula Drops * [3]
Flora Force Anti-Flu Drops * [3] Flora Force Immune Capsules *
Flora Force Arnica Massage Oil * Flora Force Liver Flush Capsules
Flora Force Arthro-Aid Capsules * with Milk Thistle *
Flora Force Billberry Capsules * Flora Force Liver Life Drops * [3]
Flora Force Bladder & Kidney Flora Force Lymph Cleanse
Drops * [3] Drops * [3]
Flora Force Bone & Cartilage Flora Force Mexican Wild Yam
Capsules * Tablets *
Flora Force Bronchi Sooth Drops * Flora Force Migraine Relief
Flora Force Buchu Capsules * Drops * [3]
Flora Force Candida Formula * [3] Flora Force Milk Thistle Capsules *
Flora Force Carcinoguard Flora Force Pain Capsules *
Capsules * Flora Force Parasite & Worms
Flora Force Cayenne Capsules * Capsules *
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
50
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
51
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
52
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
53
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
54
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
Q UA L I T Y L I F E | Q UA L I T Y P R O D U C T S
Available at
CONCEPT
Available in selected stores STORES
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic
@GNC_SA GNC*South= refer toAfrica
alternative substance(s)
www.gnc.co.za
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
55
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
56
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
Q UA L I T Y L I F E | Q UA L I T Y P R O D U C T S
Available at
CONCEPT
Available in selected stores STORES
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic
@GNC_SA GNC*South= refer toAfrica
alternative substance(s)
www.gnc.co.za
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
57
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
58
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
59
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
60
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
61
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
62
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
63
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
64
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
65
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
66
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
67
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
68
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
69
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
70
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
71
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
72
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
73
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
74
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
75
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
76
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
77
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
78
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
79
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
80
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
81
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
82
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
83
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
84
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
85
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
86
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
87
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
88
Drugs in Sport
A-Z Medicines/Supplements Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
89
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
90
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
Abbreviations
Aer Aerosol IM inj Intramuscular injection
Aq Aqueous IS inj Intrasynovial injection (local)
Caps Capsules IV inj Intravenous injection
Cr Cream Liq Liquid
Conc Concentrate Oint Ointment
DoU Declaration of Use Ophth Ophthalmic
DP Dry powder capsules OTC Over-the-counter
Caps for inhalation
Emuls Emulsion Paed Paediatric
Inf Infusion PoM Prescription-only medicine
Inh Inhaler (PoM) OTC or PoM for certain
conditions
Inhal Inhalation Sol Solution
Inj Injection Supps Suppositories
IA inj Intra-articular injection Susp Suspension
IB inj Intrabursal injection Syr Syrup
(local)
ID inj Intradermal injection Tabs Tablets
(local)
IL inj Intralesion injection TUE Therapeutic Use Exemption
(local)
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
91
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
92
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
93
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
94
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
95
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
96
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
97
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
98
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
99
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
100
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
101
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
102
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
103
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
104
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
105
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
106
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
107
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
108
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
109
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
110
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
111
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
112
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
113
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
114
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
115
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
116
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
117
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
118
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
Ventolin Resp Sol, Nebules PoM [1] R2 - Aurin Gold Drops, Inj *
Ventolin Syrup R3 - Corvosan Heart Drops *
Zaditen Tablets, SRO Tablets, R26 - Remisin Draining and
Syrup Stimulating Drops *
R44 - Hypotonol Heart
Burns/sunburn/sun protection (Circulation) Drops, Inj *
(see Skin agents: burns/ R58 - Vernadon Drops *
sunburn/sun protection) R66 - Arrythmin Cardiac
Cancer (see Anti-cancer (Arrhythmia) Drops *
agents & effects) R79 - Crataegan Heart-Capsules *
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
119
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
120
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
121
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
122
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
123
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
124
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
125
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
126
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
127
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
128
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
130
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
131
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
132
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
133
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
134
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
135
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
Zomedron Powd for Sol for Inf PoM R71 - Ischialgin Sciatica Drops,
Zometa Conc Sol for Infusion PoM Inj *
R73 - Spondarthrin Joint Drops,
MUSCULOSKELETAL Inj, Tabs *
AGENTS, OTHERS Salazopyrin Tablets, EN Tablets PoM
(INCLUDING GOLD Suplasyn Injection PoM
AGENTS AND AGENTS Synvisc Injection PoM
FOR ARTHRITIS, Traumeel S Drops * [3]
RHEUMATISM, Traumeel S Injection, Tablets *
SPRAINS, STRAINS) Traumeel S Ointment, Gel *
Arava Tablets PoM
Zeel Ointment, Tablets *
Arthro Synergy Colourastro
Biochemic Zeel Injection *
Tissue Salts Tabs *
Nasal preparations (see Ear/
ArthroChoice Tablets *
eye/nasal preparations)
ArthroChoice Advanced Tablets *
Arthrovite Tablets * Nausea/vomiting
Arthro XPS Tablets * (see Anti-vertigo/anti-emetic/
A-Tron Tablets * anti-nauseant agents)
Bio-Logic Herbal Blend Acid
Free Tincture *
NK1 ANTAGONISTS
Emend Capsules PoM
Bone Renewal Vege-Capsules *
Chelaplus Calcium Daily Nutrition (see Special foods/
Supplement Caps drinks/supplements)
Dona Tablets, Powder *
Osteoporosis
Enbrel Injection PoM
(see Musculoskeletal agents,
Flora Force Bone & Cartilage
Capsules * osteoporosis)
Flora Force Devil’s Claw Tablets * OXYTOCICS
Foodstate Joint Formula Ergometrine Maleate-Fresenius
Capsules * Injection PoM
Herbology Arthro Mobility Pabal Sol for Injection PoM
Tablets * Prandin E2 Vaginal Gel PoM
Herbology Marine Calcium Prepidil Gel PoM
Tablets *
Propess Vaginal Insert PoM
I-Flex Capsules *
Prostin E2 Tablets PoM
Magneplex Syrup *
Prostin F2 Alpha Injection PoM
Osteoflex Tablets *
Spec-Oxytocin Injection PoM
Osteoflex Ultra Tablets *
Syntocinon Injection PoM
Osteo Synergy Colourastro
Biochemic Tissue SaltsTabs * Syntometrine Injection PoM
Plasmoquine Treatment Painkillers (see Analgesics/
Capsules PoM painkillers)
Pro Collagen Capsules *
R46 - Manurheumin Rheumatism PARATHYROID &
Drops, Inj * CALCITONIN AGENTS
R55 - Rutavine Injury Drops, Forteo Injection PoM
Injectable * Miacalcic Injection PoM
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
136
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
137
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
138
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
139
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
140
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
141
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
142
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
143
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
144
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
Q UA L I T Y L I F E | Q UA L I T Y P R O D U C T S
Available at
CONCEPT
Available in selected stores STORES
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic
@GNC_SA GNC*South= refer toAfrica
alternative substance(s)
www.gnc.co.za
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
145
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
146
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
Q UA L I T Y L I F E | Q UA L I T Y P R O D U C T S
Available at
CONCEPT
COLOUR CODE:
Available in selected stores STORES
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
@GNC_SA GNC
NOTES [1] - [9]: South
See pageAfrica
154 www.gnc.co.za
147
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
148
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
149
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
150
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
151
Drugs in Sport
Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
152
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Therapeutic Classes Index
COLOUR CODE:
green = permitted blue = prohibited in particular sports
red = prohibited in and out of competition red = prohibited in competition only
red/red /blue italic = prohibited generic * = refer to alternative substance(s)
NOTES [1] - [9]: See page 154
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Notes [1] - [9]
[2] GLUCOCORTICOIDS
All glucocorticoids are prohibited In-Competition when
administered via oral, intravenous, intramuscular or
rectal routes.
To clarify, when used by inhalation or nasally, glucocorticoids
no longer require a DoU or a TUE.
Refer to section S9 (Glucocorticoids) of the WADA 2015
Prohibited List on Page 22.
[3] ALCOHOL
Alcohol (ethanol) is prohibited In Competition only, in the
following sports. Detection will be conducted by analysis
of breath and/or blood. The doping violation threshold is
equivalent to a blood concentration of 0.10 g/L.
• Air Sports (FAI)
• Archery (WA)
• Automobile (FIA)
• Motorcycling (FIM)
• Powerboating (UIM)
Refer to section P1 (Alcohol) of the WADA 2015 Prohibited List
on Page 23.
NOTE: Homeopathic medicines in liquid formulations, can
contain alcohol as a solvent for ingredients. Where the alcohol
content is too small to be of significance, the homeopathic
preparations are not indicated as containing alcohol.
[4] BETA-BLOCKERS
Unless otherwise specified, beta-blockers are prohibited
In Competition only, in the following sports.
• Automobile (FIA)
• Billiards (all disciplines) (WCBS)
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Notes [1] - [9]
• Darts (WDF)
• Golf (IGF)
•S kiing/Snowboarding (FIS) in ski jumping, freestyle aerials/
halfpipe and snowboard halfpipe/big air.
•U nderwater sports (CMAS) in constant-weight apnoea with
or without fins, dynamic apnoea with and without fins, free
immersion apnoea, Jump Blue apnoea, spearfishing, static
apnoea, target shooting and variable weight apnoea
Unless otherwise specified, beta-blockers are prohibited
In and Out of Competition in the following sports.
• Archery (WA)
• Shooting (ISSF, IPC)
Beta-blockers include, but are not limited to, the following:
•A cebutolol, alprenolol, atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol,
bunolol, carteolol, carvedilol, celiprolol, esmolol,
labetalol, levobunolol, metipranolol, metoprolol,
nadolol, nebivolol , oxprenolol, pindolol, propranolol,
sotalol, timolol.
Refer to section P2 (Beta-Blockers) of the WADA 2015
Prohibited List on Page 23.
[6] PSEUDOEPHEDRINE
Pseudoephedrine is prohibited In Competition only when its
concentration in urine is greater than 150 µg/ml. Refer
to section S6 (Stimulants) of the WADA 2015 Prohibited List
on Page 20.
Clarifying information (WADA):
•T he established threshold levels may be reached (rarely, but
possibly) by some individuals within 6-20 hours of intake of
some long-lasting therapeutic formulations.
•A
dvise athletes to stop taking pills containing
pseudoephedrine at least 24 hours before competition.
For therapeutic applications during the In-Competition
period, consider the use of alternative permitted
medications upon previous consultation with a physician, or
155
Drugs in Sport
Notes [1] - [9]
[7] GLYCEROL
Glycerol is prohibited as a plasma expander which requires the
ingestion of quantities far beyond that which are commonly
found in foodstuffs and toiletries. The normal use of foodstuffs
and toiletries that contain glycerol (glycerine), will not cause a
competitor to test positive.
Refer to section S5 (Diuretics and Masking Agents) of the
WADA 2015 Prohibited List on Page 18.
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Drugs in Sport
Notes [1] - [9]
Where these tests have not been performed, the products’ claims
of efficacy and safety are not proven and cannot be guaranteed.
In its position statement on sports supplements, the South
African Institute for Drug-Free Sport states that consumers
should be aware of the risks involved with supplement use,
both in terms of health and risk of being banned from sport.
157
Drugs in Sport
Hydration in Sport
Hydration in Sport
Adequate hydration is vitally important in sports activities.
Drinking too little (hypohydration) impairs the body’s ability to
regulate heat, elevating body temperature and heart rate. The
athlete feels more fatigued than usual at a given performance
level, finds it harder to focus and take decisions, and can
experience stomach discomfort. Most types of exercise are
impacted by hypohydration, especially in South Africa’s generally
warm weather conditions, and athletes have been shown to be
negatively affected when their fluid deficiency is as low as two
percent (ie, a deficiency of 1.4 litres for a 70-kilogram athlete).
At the same time, drinking too much water can have negative
effects, among them a decrease in sodium levels, which can
lead to muscle cramping.
Drinking the right amount of fluid before, during and after
physical exertion is key.
158
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Hydration in Sport
159
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Hydration in Sport
160
Drugs in Sport
Sports Nutrition
Sports Nutrition
by Amanda Claassen-Smithers, Registered Dietician & Exercise
Scientist, PhD
161
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Sports Nutrition
162
Drugs in Sport
Sports Nutrition
163
Drugs in Sport
Sports Supplements
Sports Supplements
Nutritional supplementation in sport is on the rise, with more
and more athletes all over the world taking sports supplements,
with the aim of maximising the effects of their training
programme and enhancing their performance during events.
As health supplements have only recently been regulated
(in terms their quality, safety and efficacy), in South Africa,
consumers need to be vigilant and aware of the pitfalls of
taking certain sports supplements. Sportspeople should
choose their supplements carefully when participating in
sporting codes and events.
The Health Products Association of South Africa (HPASA)
highly recommends that sportspeople seek professional advice
about what supplementation they should be using (eg, from
their doctor or other healthcare professional). Furthermore,
HPASA recommends that they check each individual product
carefully in terms of quality, safety and efficacy; that they
evaluate the product’s label so as to ensure that the product
has been manufactured in a good manufacturing practice
(GMP)-accredited plant, that all ingredients are listed (and none
are on the WADA prohibited list), that all potential side effects
are evaluated and considered, and that claims made by the
manufacturer regarding the product are realistic.
– HPASA provides an educational forum for consumers,
manufacturers, distributors and consumers. It has access to
data from around the world that detail current developments in
nutritional supplementation and dietetic fields.
Contact HPASA at: hpasa@hpasa.co.za
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Sports Supplements
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Warm-up
Warming-up helps to reduce the risk of injury and prepares the
body for optimal performance.
An effective warm-up:
prepares the muscles, tendons and joints for the movement
required during exercise
increases flexibility
enhances muscle contraction, efficiency and co-ordination
increases body and muscle temperature
increases blood and oxygen supply.
Stretching
The main purpose of regular stretching is to lengthen muscle and
tendon tissue and to increase the range of movement at a joint.
Without stretching, muscles will gradually lose their flexibility and
may fail to respond effectively during sporting activity.
Stretching activities should only be performed once the
muscles have been warmed up. The increase in muscle
temperature improves the “stretch-ability” of the muscles.
Stretching cold muscles is far less effective and may cause
injury, such as strains and tears, to muscle tissue.
Stretching activities should also be performed at the end
of every workout or sporting activity while the muscles are
still warm. This may reduce delayed-onset muscle soreness.
166
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Preventing Sports Injuries
167
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Preventing Sports Injuries
Cool-down
The cool-down is a gradual decrease in activity level. The
cool-down involves a series of low-intensity exercises to allow
the body to recover from effort and it reduces the effects of
fatigue, including muscle soreness.
Cooling-down also prevents the pooling of blood in the limbs,
which can lead to fainting or dizziness. Following exercise,
cooling down and stretching improves the recovery of the
muscles, heart and other tissues.
An effective cool-down consists of a gradual reduction in
activity levels for five to 10 minutes (eg a slow jog or walk, or
some simple activity requiring moderate effort) followed by
general stretching.
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Drugs in Sport
Treating Sports Injuries
Acute injuries
The primary goal of sports injury first aid is to stop activity
and prevent further injury or damage. Most sport injuries that
require immediate treatment are called acute injuries. These
injuries occur suddenly, eg a rugby tackle or being hit by a
cricket ball, and cause the following symptoms or conditions:
Pain and swelling
Cuts and abrasions
Fractures
Dislocations
Sprains or strains
Concussion
Hard-tissue injuries
Hard-tissue injuries are those acute injuries that affect the
bone and include fractures and dislocations.
Fractures
A fracture is a break or crack in a bone. Fractures can be
classified as either open or closed. An open fracture will involve
an open wound having the bone appear through the skin, whilst
a closed fracture occurs when the skin remains intact.
The symptoms of a fracture include:
Pain and tenderness at the site
Feeling/sound of bone ends grating or the sound of a snap
at the time of injury
Tingling or numbness
Symptoms of shock
The precise management of a fracture depends on the
location of the injury. However, the following steps apply to
most fractures.
Immobilise the injured limb in the position you found it to
restrict the range of movement.
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Dislocations
A dislocation is an injury in which a bone is moved out of its
normal position in relation to another bone with which it forms
a joint. The most common examples of this are in the fingers
and shoulder joint. Dislocations often cause considerable pain
and muscle spasm. With minor dislocations, it is often difficult
to tell the difference between a dislocation and a fracture.
Dislocations may be associated with fractures of nearby bones.
Signs of a dislocation include loss of function, swelling at the
site and deformity.
R – Rest the injured part for 24-72 hours directly after the
injury to prevent further tearing or bleeding.
170
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Treating Sports Injuries
E – Elevation. Raise the injured limb above heart level for the
first 24-48 hours to encourage the drainage of blood and fluids
and so relieve swelling.
Medications
Topical pain medications are applied directly to the skin
and come in a variety of forms, including creams, gels,
lotions and patches. They are effective pain-relievers that
reduce inflammation when absorbed by the skin and used
appropriately. Side effects of these medications often include
burning, stinging or irritated skin. Never use these medications
on broken or irritated skin.
Regarding oral pain medications, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs) help to reduce aches, pains and inflammation.
These drugs may be supplemented by analgesics and/or
muscle relaxants.
Rehabilitation
The second stage of treating a sprain or a strain is
rehabilitation to restore normal function. When the pain
and the swelling are reduced, you can generally begin
gentle exercise. A customised programme, compiled
by a physiotherapist, that prevents stiffness, improves
range of motion and flexibility and builds strength is often
very useful. A moderate ankle sprain may require three to
six weeks of rehabilitation and a severe sprain can take six
to eight months to recover completely and prevent re-injury.
Patience and learning to cope with an injury are essential to
complete recovery.
Chronic/overuse injuries
Chronic injuries are also known as overuse injuries and are a
result of continuous stress on an area. Examples of overuse
injuries are Achilles tendonitis, shin splints or tennis elbow.
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Treating Sports Injuries
Treatment
Symptomatic treatment of an overuse injury, such as pain-
killing injections, to enable the athlete to compete despite
an injury, is not recommended and not in the best interests
of the athlete. The indiscriminate use of long-acting anti-
inflammatory steroid injections near major tendons, has
resulted in the premature termination of many promising
athletes' careers due to the undesirable complications
of these medications, eg rupture of a tendon.
All overuse injuries are basically an inflammation and can
be treated by rest, physical treatment modalities and other
specific medical treatment.
Rest
Rest is the basis of the treatment of the majority of
these injuries. A change in the exercise programme
and a reduction in the quality and quantity of exercises
is required. Complete immobilisation should be avoided,
however, because it can cause later complications such
as degeneration of cartilage, bone, connective tissue and
muscles. Activity in moderation strengthens tendons,
muscles and bones; inactivity weakens them.
Exercises and activities that cause pain in the injured part should
be avoided. When an overuse injury worsens, all sporting activity
should be discontinued and a doctor’s advice sought.
Physical methods
Cold, heat, ultrasound and electromagnetic waves are all
used to limit inflammation. The objective of the treatment
is to reduce swelling and pain, enhance blood supply and
promote healing.
Ice treatment
This is a very effective treatment for an overuse injury. Place ice
blocks, wrapped in a towel, on the injured part for 15-20 minutes
three or four times a day. Continue this treatment for a few days.
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Heat treatment
Therapeutic heat may be administered after the acute phase
(48-72 hours) to encourage relaxation of and blood supply to
the muscles.
Stretching exercises
Stretching exercises are not only preventive, but also
therapeutic, and should be done conscientiously before
and after exercise sessions. It is important to warm up
lightly before stretch exercises are done – cold muscles
should not be stretched.
Strapping
Strapping can be used effectively to both treat and prevent a
sports injury. Strapping with tape exerts pressure and holds a
structure together, thereby allowing athletes with, eg a hand
or ankle injury, to keep performing in certain cases.
Massage
Massaging of injured muscles or tendons by an experienced
therapist is important in the treatment of certain overuse
injuries. Deep friction massage can be used to break down scar
tissue in chronic overuse injuries.
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Treating Sports Injuries
175
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Sports First Aid Kit
176
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