USU 1300 American Institutions

Study Questions Chapter 15

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-For what reason was the Civil War fought…..slavery?

-The first major battle of the Civil War happened on what date, where, and what was the
outcome?

-What was the Union’s “Anaconda plan?”

-Strategic thinking on both sides in the war slighted the importance of what section of the United
States?

-What did Admiral David Farragut do in the Spring of 1862, and why was this so important?

-Which was the single bloodiest day of the Civil War?

-The Union blockade of Southern ports caused the South to do what?

- What were the inequities built into the Confederate draft?

-What were the Morrill Land Grant Act and Homestead Act….what did they do?

-What was Lincoln’s view on emancipation, and what did he think should be done with any freed
slaves?

-What was the Emancipation Proclamation, what did it do exactly, and when was it announced?

-As part of Lincoln’s re-election campaign in 1864, what new plank did the President ask his
party to put into the Republican platform? Was it ever put into force, and if so, when?
-Did any black men serve in the Union Army, and if so, about how many?

-What’s the difference between a “smoothbore musket” and a “rifle,” and what role did they play
in the Civil War?

-Why was the Battle of Vicksburg so important to the North?

-Why was the Battle of Gettysburg so important in the outcome of the Civil War?

-What five (5) major points of disunity can you point out relative to the South and the
Confederacy?
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-What military strategy did General Grant employ for victory, and what were the risks?

-What was Sherman’s march to the sea, when did it happen, what did it accomplish?

-The Civil War ended on what date, where, why?

-What happened April 14, 1865?

-More American men died in the Civil War than what other wars combined?
USU 1300 – American Institutions
Study Questions Chapter 16

-What was President Lincoln’s “10 percent plan?”

-What did the 13th Amendment to the Constitution set forth in law?

-What was the Freedman’s Bureau?

-Once they had been freed, what did former black slaves wander in search of?

-From your book and notes, what three things did former slaves expect with their freedom?

-What is sharecropping, how did it start, and was it a help or hindrance to former slaves?

-Soon after proposing his initial plan for Reconstruction in the South, Andrew Johnson
surprisingly helped subvert his own plan by doing what?

-What were “black codes” and what did they show about white southerners?

-What were the “Radical Republicans” in Congress all about?

-The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution did what for former black slaves?

-Although the South lost the Civil War, it was possible that the South would gain power in
Congress when readmitted to the Union, why?

-When Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act in 1867, it reversed what long-standing
principle?
-Can you tell the story of President Johnson’s impeachment?

-Who won the election of 1868?

-What was achieved by passage of the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution?

-What is a “Carpetbagger” and who was a “Scalawag?”

-The most enduring failure of Reconstruction was what?

-How effective was the Civil Rights Act of 1875 and why?

-What was the ‘disputed election of 1876 all about, and its compromise?

-From your book and Notes: The migration of the African-American Exodusters from the South
to Kansas in the late 1870s was prompted by what? Over what did African-American grieve?
USU 1300 – American Institutions
Study Questions Chapter 17

-(From the intro to the Chapter 17) How were Buffalo Bill and Frederick Jackson Turner
different, and on what did they both agree?

-In differing degrees, all Indians based their economies on four things...
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-(In your notes): How did Indians on the Great Plains come to have horses?

-(From pages 325-328 of Chapter 13 and your notes) Briefly outline early exploration of the
American West from Lewis and Clark to John C. Fremont

-What is “Manifest Destiny” and how did it impact the West?

-Why did whites attempt to exterminate the buffalo? Can you briefly relate the history of how
that played out?

-How many buffalo roamed the Great Plains about 1820? How about in the 1880s?

-What three degrading consequences came from the United State’s Reservation policy?
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-Supreme Court decisions in 1884 and 1886 did what for/to Native Americans?

-What was the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 and what did it do?
-What two main tactics did US Indian assimilation policy take on in the 1880s?
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-What was the general outcome of reservation policy and assimilation for Native peoples in
respect to their homelands?

-What was the Timber and Stone Act of 1878 and what was its outcome?

-Why did women venture west?

-Explain ‘Riparian Water Rights’.

-What is the doctrine of ‘prior appropriation’?

-(In your notes): about what percentage of western land is owned by the Federal Government?

-What is the Newlands Reclamation Act of 1902 and what did it achieve/do?

-How in the world were railroads able to meet the extreme costs of building rails across and up
and down throughout the United States?

-What did railroads do for the standardization of time?

-What did the Homestead Act of 1862 do?

-By 1900 there were a couple of developments that helped break the isolation of rural folk in the
far-flung American West and elsewhere, what were they?
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-What was the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862?

-What was the Hatch Act of 1887?

-Explain the idea of open, as opposed to closed range ranching.

-Joseph F. Glidden? ….......what did he do, for cry’n out loud?

USU 1300 – American Institutions
Study Question Chapter 18

-What invention is Thomas Edison most known for; what type of bulb was it?

-What did George Westinghouse do for lighting and electricity in general?

-Who was Granville T. Woods, and what safety device did he invent (among other things)?

-What was Henry Ford’s Five-Dollar-a-Day plan?

-What is the principle of ‘economics of scale’?

-Who was Frederick W. Taylor, and what is he noted for? As a result of Taylor’s writings and
experiments, employees became another kind of what……..?

-Explain the change in labor status as workers went from being ‘producers’ to being
‘employees’.

-In 1890, what percentage of children age 10 to 15 were employed?

-What were the Knights of Labor, the American Federation of Labor, and the IWW?

-What was the Haymarket Riot?

-What happened in the Pullman Strike, and how did President Cleveland fit into the deal?

-What did the invention of machinery for mass producing tin cans have to do with food?
-What is a Pool and how does it function?

-What is a Trust and how does it function?

-What is a Holding Company and how does it function?

-Explain ‘Social Darwinism’.

-What was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890?

USU 1300 American Institutions
Study Questions Chapter 19

-How did cities in the late 1800s and early 20th Century make room for their huge numbers of
people to live?

-Why did the birth rate decline in America by the 1920s?

-What did the work week have to do with leisure time at the turn of the Century?

-What did cycling do for women?

-What is yellow journalism and how did it come to be?

USU 1300 American Institutions
Study Questions Chapter 20

-What general theme defines the presidents of the United States from Hayes (1877) to McKinley
(1900)?

-What is a poll tax? How was it used to keep blacks from voting?

-What was the “grandfather clause” and how did it affect the voting rights of blacks?

-What is “separate-but-equal doctrine” and how was it supposed to function?

-What is “Jim Crow?”

-What were the ills tied to sharecropping?

-What was a ‘Grange’ and what did granges accomplish?

-What was a Farmers’ Alliance and what did they accomplish?

-What is “Populism” and how did it rise up?

-Name three large companies whose financial problems helped bring on the depression of the
1890s, how did the depression play out?

-What is the “Gold Standard Act of 1900 and what did it do?
USU 1300 American Institutions
Study Questions Chapter 21

-What three goals did Progressives hope to achieve, to bring about what?
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3
what........

-Progressives brought about three reforms, what are they and what do they do?
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-What ideological stance did Progressives take?

-What did the 16th Amendment do?

-What did the 17th Amendment do?

-What did the 18th Amendment do?

-What changes took place in education in the late 1800s?

-What was the thought of black thinkers during the Progressive era; did they all agree?

-What did the 19th Amendment do?

-What are the Pure Food and Drug and Meat Inspection Acts?

-Outline events in presidential elections from when Teddy Roosevelt stepped down through to
Wilson……and, what is the Federal Reserve Act of 1913?