TASK 16

Look at the picture carefully

Listen and answer the questions based on what you have heard

1. What is the topic of the monolog?

2. Where does pollination occur?
3. What are stamens
4. What do stamens produce?
5. What are female parts in flowers called?
6. Where are seeds produced?
7. How does self-pollination occur?
8. How does cross-pollination take place?
9. What is the advantage of cross pollination?
10. What happens if pollen from a mango tree is transferred to an apple tree’s stamen?

TASK 17
Choose A, B, C, D, or E for the correct answer.

A photocopying machine is a very important appliance in our daily lives or businesses. Every office should have
one, to copy their documents. So, understanding how a photocopying machine works is a benefit.
Here are what you should know about a photocopying machine

 The documents you want to copy is placed upside down on the glass.
 After pressing the button, an extremely bright light scans the documents. Much more light reflects off the white
areas (where there is no link) than off the black, inked areas.
 An “electrical shadow” of the page forms on the photocopier is a rotating conveyor belt which is coated with a
chemical substance called selenium.
 As the belt rotates, the electrical shadow is carried around with it.
 An ink drum touching the belt coats it with tiny particles of powdered ink (toner).
 The toner is given an electrical charge, so it sticks to the electrical shadow and makes an inked image of the
original page on the belt.
 A sheet of paper from a hopper on the other side of the copier feeds up towards the first belt on another
conveyor belt. As it moves along, the paper is given a strong electrical charge.
 When the paper moves near the upper belt, the charged toner particles are attracted away from the belt by its
strong charge. The image is rapidly transferred from belt onto the paper.

 The inked paper passes by the heat and pressure from the rollers.
 The final copy emerges from the side of the copier. Thanks to the fuser unit, the paper is still warm. It may still
have enough static electric charge to stick to your pullover. Try it, but make sure the ink is dry first.

1. What is the topic of the text?

A. How to operate a photocopying machine
B. What the elements in a photocopying machine are.
C. What the benefit of a photocopying machine are.
D. How a photocopying machine works.
E. When a photocopying machine can be used.
2. How should you place the document you are going to photocopy?
A. Folded into two on the glass.
B. Reversed on the glass.
C. Horizontally on the glass.
D. Diagonally on the glass.
E. Right-side up on the glass.
3. How do the electrical shadows move?
A. Before the conveyor belt rotates.
B. Along with the movement of the belt
C. Right after the on button is pressed
D. Right before the copying is done
E. After the machine is given an electrical charge.
4. From the text it can be concluded that_____.
A. The photoconductor is filled with selenium
B. The powdered ink is spread by the belt
C. The toner particles are fused temporarily on paper
D. The photoconductor is in a form of rotating conveyor belt
E. Much more light reflects off the black areas than off the white ones
5. What makes the final copy warm ?
A. Two hot rollers.
B. A static electric charge.
C. The toner particles.
D. The conveyor belt’s rotation.
E. A strong electrical charge.

TASK 18
Arrange the following paragraphs in a good order to make a sequential explanation text.
Then, rewrite the text and read it aloud in turns.

These destructive surges of water are typically caused by large, undersea earthquakes, at
tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly, it
displaces the water above it and launches rolling waves that will become a tsunami.

Do you still remember the tsunami disaster that struck Nangroe Aceh Darussalam and other
neighboring regions in 2004? How devastating the disaster was

A tsunami is usually composed of a series of waves, called a wave train, so its destructive force
may be compounded as successive waves reach shore. The best defense against any tsunami is early
warning that allows people to seek higher ground.

A tsunami’s trough, the low point beneath the wave’s crest, often reaches shore first. When it
does, it produces a vacuum effect that sucks coastal water seaward and exposes harbors and sea
floors. This retreating of sea water typically hit shore five minutes or so later. Therefore, it should be
kept in mind that the danger may not have passed with the first wave and people experiencing a
tsunami should await an official word that it is safe to return to vulnerable locations.
 A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, occasionally reaching heihts
of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction
when they crash ashore

Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles (805 kilometers) an hour-about as fast as a jet
airplane. In a deep ocean, tsunami waves may appear only a foot or so high. However, as they
approach shoreline and enter shallower water, they slow down and begin to grow in energy and
height. The tops of the waves move faster than their bottoms do, which causes them to rise
precipitously.

Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. They may even
be launched, as they frequently were in Earth’s ancient past, by the impact of a large meteorite
plunging into an ocean.