Teacher: Mark Leo S.

Gelizon Date Prepare: March 2, 2019

Subject: Science 10 Date to be taught:

Content Standard: The information stored in DNA as being used to make proteins

Competency: explain how protein is made using information from DNA. (S10LT-IIId-37)

Time Allotment: 1 hour

I. OBJECTIVE/S:

a. Relate DNA replication to its complementary structure.

b. Explain the process of DNA replication.

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

a. Topic: DNA Replication

b. Material/s: Activity Sheet, Paste, Scissor, PPT, Laptop and Projector
c. Reference/s: Science 10 Learners Module and Teachers Guide

III. LEARNING PROCEDURE

Teachers’ Activity Students’ Activity

Good Morning/Afternoon Class. Good Morning/Afternoon Sir.

Let us pray first. Everybody please stand up, In the name of the father…
anyone who will volunteer to lead the Amen.
prayer.

Before taking your seats, kindly arrange

your chairs pick up the pieces of papers and
trashes under your armchairs.

Thank you. By the way who is absent today? None sir.

Very good.
 a. Review/Recall

Before anything else let’s have a quick

review regarding to our previous topic. Last
meeting we discussed about DNA and RNA.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
What is DNA?
Ribonucleic Acid
How about RNA?

Very good.
Double Helix
What is the structure of DNA?

Very good.

DNA has 4 nucleotides Adenine, Thymine,

Guanine and Cytosine.

Adenine bonds with ____? Thymine

Very good.

How about Guanine. What nucleotide Cytosine

bonds with Guanine?

Very good

b. Motivation

Okay now let’s play a game called 4 Pics 1

word. I will present you with four pictures
and then you are going to guess what
specific word fits with theme of the photo
presented.

First puzzle presented DNA

Very good

Second puzzle presented Break

Very good

Third puzzle presented Replicate

 Very good

This morning/afternoon we will going to

explore how DNA replicates. Before that
let’s have first a group activity.

c. Activity

I will group you into 4 groups. This activity is

called DNA makes DNA. You are going to
make a model of a DNA template to
determine the sequence of bases in the
new DNA strand.

I have here patterns of the components of

DNA.

1. You are going to build a model of a strand

of a DNA molecule. The strand should
contain 4 base rung following the given
order of the nucleotides.

Guanine

Thymine

Guanine

Thymine

Let this arrangement represent the left half

of your DNA molecule.

2. Make a complementary strand for the

first strand base on the given order of the
nucleotides.

3. Paste the cut-out pattern forming

nucleotides for the second half of the DNA
molecule.

4. Once you have made your DNA model,

separate the two strands of the DNA model
down the middle so that there are now two
single strands of DNA.

5. Create new double-stranded DNA by

matching complementary nucleotides to the
bases on each single strand.

When you are finish mount your DNA model

on the Illustration board.

Did you get it?

Yes sir.
Okay I will give you 5 minutes to conduct
the activity, you may start now.

After that you are going to answer the

following questions.

1. Compare the two new strands of DNA.

Different sir each new strand formed is a
Are they the same or different?
complement of one of the original strands.
2. How do you compare a DNA molecule to
The pairing of the bases produces a long,
a zipper?
two-stranded molecule that is often
compare to a zipper. If you look at a zipper,
the sides of the zipper represent the sugar
and phosphate units, while the teeth of the
zipper represent the pairs of nitrogenous
bases of the DNA.
3. How is information from the DNA passed
Before a cell can divide by mitosis or
on from one cell to another?
meiosis, it must first make a copy of its
chromosomes. The DNA in the
chromosomes are then copied in a process
called DNA replication.
But before that you are going to show and
tell us first about your output.

Are you done?

Yes sir
Okay. Let start with group 1 followed by
group 2, 3 and 4.
 d. Analysis

Do you understand the process by which Yes sir.

DNA copies itself?

Very good

The following are the events while DNA

copies itself.

First when DNA is ready to replicate the two

strands unwind at a specific point called
origin of replication.

After that an enzyme called helicase breaks

the bonds between nitrogenous bases. The
two strands of DNA split.

After that the complementary nucleotides

are added to each strand by DNA
polymerase to form new strands.

When replication begins the two parent

DNA strands are separated, one of these is
called the leading strand and it is replicated
continuously, while the other strand is the
lagging strand and it is replicated
discontinuously in short sections, this short
sections of the DNA strands is called
Okazaki fragment.

So since okazaki fragment are irregularities

in the backbone of the double stranded
DNA molecule, it should be repair. So
another enzyme called DNA ligase will
repair this irregularities or breaks in the
backbone of DNA molecule.

e. Abstract
Breaks the bond between the nucleotides.
What is the role of helicase in the Unzip double stranded DNA molecule.
replication process?
Very good.
 How about the DNA polymerase? Add the complementary nucleotides to
each strand of DNA molecule.

Very good.
It is a short and newly synthesized
Another, what is okazaki fragments?
DNA fragments that are formed on the
lagging template strand during replication.

Very good.

How about DNA ligase? It is an enzyme that repairs irregularities or

breaks in the backbone of double-
Very good stranded DNA molecules.

f. Application

What is the importance of DNA replication?

It insures that all body cell must carry the
same genetic material and that instructions
are copied exactly for the next generation.

DNA replication is important since it

creates a next copy of DNA that have to go
into one of the two daughter cells when a
cell divides.

IV. EVALUATION

Identification: Identify the following

statement. Write your answers on a ½ sheet
of paper.

_____1. Involves separation of the

two original strands and synthesis of
two new daughter strands using the
original strands as template.
_____2. Adenine bond with ____.

_____3. Cytosine bond with _____.

_____4. Replication begins at a point 2. Thymine
in the DNA called____. 3. Guanine
_____5. It is an enzyme that breaks 4. Origin of Replication
the bond between nitrogenous 5. Helicase
6. DNA Polymerase
bases.
7. Leading Strand
_____6. Complementary nucleotides
8. Okazaki Fragment
are added to each strand by an 9. DNA Ligase
enzyme called_____. 10. Lagging Strand
_____7. This strand is replicated in
continuous direction.
_____8. These are short newly
synthesized DNA fragment that are
formed on the lagging template
strands during DNA replication.
_____9. It is an enzyme that repairs
irregularities or breaks in the
backbone of DNA molecules.
_____10. This strand is replicated
discontinuously in a short sections.

V. ASSIGNMENT

Advance study on DNA transcription and

next meeting we will have a short quiz
about DNA transcription.

Answer key
1. DNA Replication