JJ619 : INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT

CASE STUDY : TIME STUDY

FINAL REPORT : PETROL PUMP REFILL
PROCESS

LECTURER: EN. WAN MUHAMMAD NAGUIB BIN WAN ABD

RAHMAN

DKM 5A
NAME MATRIX NUMBER
INTRODUCTION

Time study is a method created to determine the ‘correct time’ it takes to complete a certain
task. It is also establish the one best way to perfom a task. Time and motion studies were used
in the manufacturing industry to evolve pay scales with the thought that money was the only
motivation for work.

Work management may be defined as “the art of observing and recording the time
required to do each detailed element of an Industrial activity operation.” The systems of time
and motion studies are frequently assumed to be interchangeable terms, descriptive of
equivalent theories. However, the underlying principles and the rationale for the establishment
of each respective method are dissimilar, despite originating within the same school of
thought.

The application of science to business problems, and the use of time-study methods in
standard setting and the planning of work, was pioneered by Frederick Winslow Taylor.
Taylor liaised with factory managers and from the success of these discussions wrote several
papers proposing the use of wage-contingent performance standards based on scientific time
study. At its most basic level time studies involved breaking down each job into component
parts, timing each part and rearranging the parts into the most efficient method of working. By
counting and calculating, Taylor wanted to transform management, which was essentially an
oral tradition, into a set of calculated and written techniques.
OBJECTIVES

Student will be able to :

1. Determine a normal or average time for a job, by using observes to record exactly how
much time is being devoted to each task.
2. Developing the desired system and method usually the one with lowest cost.
3. Determining the time required by a qualified and properly trained worker working at a
normal pace to do a specific operation.
4. target time for each job can be scientifically estimated, with this estimate realistic
schedules and manpower requirements can be prepared.
5. Sound comparison of alternative methods is possible by comparing their basic times.
6. Useful wage incentive schemes can be formulated on the basis of target times.
7. It can lead to prooper balancing of the work distribution.
8. It can help to analyse the activities for performing a job with the view to eliminate or
reduce unneccessary or repetitive operations so that human effort can be minimized.
INSTRUMENT

The instrument is an instrument used for data collection. The instrument is closely associated
with data collection. Each data collection instrument will have a different shape as well.We
need to understand that not all the instruments suitable for use in all types of research. The
instrument can be very dependent on the type of data required by the study problem.
Therefore, before we fix the instrument, so first we need to understand the kind of data that
will be obtained in the study.

According to Sorensen Nana and Ibrahim (1989) in Vienna Sanjaya (2013), to produce
accurate data, there are some things that must be considered in the preparation of the
instrument:

Issues and variables including variable indicator, it should be clear and specific, allowing you
to easily determine the types of instruments required.

Source of data or information of quantity and diversity should be known in advance, as the
basis for determining the content, language, systematics, and systematics of items in the
instrument.

Description of the instrument itself as a means of collecting data either from Going
concern, validity, and objectivity.

The type of data is expected from the use of the instrument must be clear, so that the
researchers could predict how data analysis in order to solve research problems.Easy and
practical to use, but can generate the necessary data .
 Date : 17/9/2015
Location : Petron Slim River
Time : 4:00 pm – 6:20 pm
Type of vehicles: Cars
Pump : 4
Time Taken ( s) 4.00- 4: 14- 4.30- 4: 44- 4:58 - 5:10- 5:25- 5:40- 5:51- 6:10-
4:09 4:25 4:41 4:53 5 :07 5:21 5:37 5:49 6:06 6:19

Process / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Numbers of cars

Driver enter the 5 sec 5 sec 5 sec 5 sec 4 sec 4 sec 6 sec 4 sec 5 sec 6 sec
petrol station
Driver turn off the 8 sec 7 sec 7 sec 6 sec 6 sec 8 sec 7 sec 7 sec 10 5 sec
cars engine and sec
open the fuel tank.
Driver go to the 2 2 min 2 min 1 min 2 min 2 min 1 min 1 min 5 min 1 min
cashier and state min 5 sec 3 sec 50 5 sec 10 12 30 10
which pump. sec sec sec sec sec
Driver choose the 5 sec 5 sec 5 sec 5 sec 8 sec 7 sec 10 8 sec 7 sec 5 sec
appropriate pump. sec
Driver lift the pump 5 sec 4 sec 5 sec 4 sec 7 sec 1 min 8 sec 1 min 1 min 4 sec
handle and insert 10 30
the nozzle into the sec sec
tank.
The fuel start fulfill 7 8 min 8 min 7 min 6 8 min 10 6 min 8 min 7 min
the tank by a litre. min 5 sec 10 min min 7 sec 10
sec 30 3 sec sec
sec
Driver lift the pump 7 sec 7 sec 6 sec 6 sec 8 sec 7 sec 6 sec 7 sec 10 6 sec
handle and put out sec
the nozzle from the
tank.
 Date : 18/9/2015
Location : Petron Slim River
Time : 10.00 am – 11.30 am
Type of vehicles: Motorcycles
Pump : 1

Time Taken ( s) 10:00 10:10 10:16 10:21 10:27 10:44 10:53 11:01 11:10 11:25
- - - - - - - - - -
10:04 10:13 10:19 10:24 10:32 10:48 10:57 11:06 11:15 11:29
Process / 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Numbers of cars
Driver enter the petrol 5 sec 5 sec 4sec 5sec 4 sec 4 sec 6 sec 4 sec 5 sec 6 sec
station
Driver turn off the 3 sec 4 sec 4sec 4sec 5sec 3sec 5sec 5sec 4sec 4sec
motorcycle
engine and open the fuel
tank.
Driver go to the cashier 20 15 16sec 20sec 18sec 18sec 21sec 17sec 19sec 20sec
and state which pump. sec sec
Driver choose the 5 sec 5 sec 4sec 4sec 6sec 8sec 8sec 4sec 5sec 4sec
appropriate pump.
Driver lift the pump 10 7 sec 8sec 9sec 10sec 9sec 7sec 8sec 10sec 7sec
handle and insert the sec
nozzle into the tank.
The fuel start fulfill the 2 min 1 min 1min 2min 1 min 1 min 2 min 2 min 3 min 2 min
tank by a litre. 15 30sec 40 20 10 15
sec sec sec sec sec
Driver lift the pump 5 sec 4 sec 4 sec 5sec 7sec 4 sec 5sec 6sec 6sec 7sec
handle and put out the
nozzle from the tank.
Driver close the fuel tank. 5 sec 4 sec 4sec 4sec 5sec 5sec 6sec 7sec 4sec 6sec

The engine will start. 1 min 1min 1 min 5sec 1min 1min 1min 1min 1min 1min
16 5sec 30sec 20sec 17sec 30sec 15sec 16sec
sec
 Date : 18/9/2015
Location : Petronas, Slim River
Time : 2.00pm-5.00pm
Type of vehicles: Cars
Pump : 3

Time Taken ( s) 2.00- 2:17- 2:34 2:50- 3:07 3:23 3:40 4:02 4:17 4:39-
2:13 2:29 - 3:02 - - - - - 4:50
2:46 3:18 3:36 3:54 4:14 4:32
Process / 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Numbers of cars
Driver enter the petrol 6 sec 5 sec 7 sec 7 sec 5 sec 7sec 9 sec 8 sec 7 sec 8 sec
station
Driver turn off the cars 8 sec 7 sec 7 sec 8 sec 10 11 8 sec 9 sec 12 6 sec
engine and open the fuel sec sec sec
tank.
Driver go to the cashier 4 min 3 min 3min 2 min 3min 3 3min 4min 5 3 min
and state which pump. 5 sec 3 sec 50 min 10 12 min 10
sec 15 sec sec sec
sec
Driver choose the 5 sec 5 sec 5 sec 5 sec 8 sec 7 sec 10 8 sec 7 sec 5 sec
appropriate pump. sec
Driver lift the pump 5 sec 4 sec 5 sec 4 sec 7 sec 1 6 sec 1 1 6sec
handle and insert the min min min
nozzle into the tank. 20 10
sec sec
The fuel start fulfill the 8 min 9 min 8 7 min 7 8 10 6 8 7 min
tank by a litre. min 50 min min min min min 11
15 sec 10 17 sec
sec sec sec
Driver lift the pump 7 sec 7 sec 6 sec 6 sec 8 sec 7 sec 6 sec 7 sec 10 6 sec
handle and put out the sec
nozzle from the tank.
Driver close the fuel tank. 5 sec 5 sec 6 sec 5 sec 6 sec 5 sec 4 sec 5 sec 7 sec 4 sec

The engine will start. 3 sec 4sec 3 sec 5 sec 9 sec 5 sec 3 sec 4 sec 4 sec 3 sec
 Date : 19/9/2015
Location : Shell,Slim River
Time : 9.00am-11.30am
Type of vehicles: Cars
Pump : 5

Time Taken ( s) 9:00- 9:15- 9:30- 9:42- 10:02- 10:19 10:34 10:46 11:00 11:18
9:13 9:27 9:39 9:53 10:15 - - - - -
10:31 10:43 10:58 11:14 11:27
Process / 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Numbers of cars 5 sec 6 sec 6 sec 7 sec 4 sec 4 sec 5sec 4 sec 5 sec 6 sec
Driver enter the petrol
station

Driver turn off the cars 10 8 sec 7 sec 5 sec 7 sec 8 sec 9 sec 7 sec 10 5 sec
engine and open the fuel sec sec
tank.
Driver go to the cashier 2 min 2 min 1 min 1 min 2 min 2 min 1 min 1 min 2 min 1 min
and state which pump. 30sec 10 50 55 16sec 10 25 45sec 30 30
sec sec sec sec sec sec sec
Driver choose the 5 sec 8 sec 7 sec 6 sec 8 sec 7 sec 10 8 sec 7 sec 5 sec
appropriate pump. sec
Driver lift the pump 5 sec 6 sec 4 sec 4 sec 7 sec 9sec 8 sec 1 min 1 min 5 sec
handle and insert the 15 20
nozzle into the tank. sec sec
The fuel start fulfill the 10 9 min 7 min 8 min 10 9 min 7 min 8 min 9 min 7 min
tank by a litre. min 5 sec 10 min 30 3 sec 25 15
sec sec sec sec
Driver lift the pump 8 sec 9 sec 6 sec 8 sec 8 sec 7 sec 6 sec 7 sec 5 sec 6 sec
handle and put out the
nozzle from the tank.
Driver close the fuel 6 sec 6 sec 5 sec 5 sec 8 sec 5 sec 4 sec 5 sec 7 sec 5 sec
tank.
The engine will start. 10 3 sec 5 sec 3 sec 9 sec 5 sec 6 sec 4 sec 7 sec 3 sec
sec
 Date : 19/9/2015
Location : Shell, Slim River
Time :3.00pm- 4.30pm
Type of vehicles: Motorcycles
Pump : 1

Time Taken ( s) 3:00- 3:07- 3:13- 3:20- 3:2- 3:33 3:40 3:50 4:00 4:15
3:03 3:10 3:15 3:23 53:28 3:35 3:43 3:53 4:03 4:18

Process / 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Numbers of cars
Driver enter the petrol 5 sec 4 sec 4sec 5sec 6 sec 4 sec 6 sec 4 sec 5 sec 6 sec
station
Driver turn off the 3 sec 5 sec 3sec 4sec 5sec 4sec 5sec 5sec 4sec 4sec
motorcycle
engine and open the
fuel tank.
Driver go to the 15sec 16 15sec 20sec 15sec 18se 20se 15se 15sec 26sec
cashier and state which sec c c c
pump.
Driver choose the 4sec 6 sec 5sec 5sec 6sec 7sec 7sec 8sec 5sec 5sec
appropriate pump.
Driver lift the pump 9 sec 8 sec 8sec 9sec 10sec 10se 7sec 9sec 10sec 7sec
handle and insert the c
nozzle into the tank.
The fuel start fulfill the 1 min 1 min 1min 2min 2 min 1 1 2 2 min 2 min
tank by a litre. 15sec 45 20sec 10 min min min 10
sec sec 10 50se 20 sec
sec c sec
Driver lift the pump 7 sec 5 sec 6 sec 5sec 6sec 4 sec 5sec 5sec 6sec 7sec
handle and put out the
nozzle from the tank.
Driver close the fuel 5 sec 4 sec 5sec 5sec 6sec 7sec 6sec 7sec 5sec 6sec
tank.
The engine will start. 4 sec 6 sec 3sec 6sec 5sec 6sec 8sec 3sec 8sec 5sec
PROCEDURE REFILL PROCESS

1. Park vehicle and turn off the engine and walk to the counter .

2. Que and pay

3. Wait for service and turn back to vehicle .

4. Open the tank cap and start fill fuel .

5. Close the tank cap.

6. Start the engine and start journey.

LITERATURE REVIEW

1. What is time study ?

 Time study is a work measurement technique consisting a careful time

measurement of the task with a time measuring instrument, adjusted for any
obsereved variances from normal effort or pace and to allow adequate time for
such items as foreign elements, unavoidable or machine delay, rest to
overcome fatigue, and personal needs.

2. When to use time study?

 When the job being evaluated does not include any uneccessary motion by the
worker.

3. Who is involved in Time study?

 The person who involved in time study is a qualified worker.

4. Where to use the Time study?

 Service or administrative.
 Ware housing and distribution
 Retail
 Janitorial
 Medical and utilities.

5. Why to used time study?

 Time study are used to produce a product with a time that was set to be sent to
the customer.

6. How to used the time study?

 A company studied the time study in every aspect to reduce the constraints in
the production process of a product.
ANALYSIS

Mean :

 Cars (pump 4)

= 9 + 11 + 11 + 9 + 11 + 11 + 12 + 9 + 12 + 9
10

= 104
10

= 10 minutes 4 seconds

 Motorcycles (pump 1)

=4+3+3+3+5+4+4+5+5+4
10

= 40
10

= 4 minutes

 Cars (pump 3)
= 13 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 11 + 13 + 14 + 12 + 15 + 11
10

= 125
10

= 12 minutes 5 seconds
 Cars (pump 5)

= 13 + 12 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 12 + 9 + 12 + 14 + 9
10

114
=
10

= 11 𝑚inutes 4 seconds

 Motorcycles (pump 1)

=3+3+2+3+3+2+3+3+3+3
10
28
=
10
=2 minutes 8 seconds
Median :

Cars (pump 4) :

[10 minutes & 11 minutes]

 Maximum : 12 minutes
 Minimum : 9 minutes

Motorcycles (Pump 1) :

[6 minutes & 4 minutes]

 Maximum : 5 minutes
 Minimum 3 minutes

Cars (pump 3) :

[12 minutes & 14 minutes]

 Maximum : 15 minutes
 Minimum : 11 minutes

Cars (pump 5):

[13 minutes & 13 minutes]

 Maximum : 14 minutes
 Minimum : 9 minutes

Motorcycles (pump 1) :

[3 minutes & 2 minutes]

 Maximum : 3 minutes
 Minimum : 2 minutes
DISCUSSION

We recommend that some of petrol station should build at least two cash counter to easy
people to pay their fuel. Next, petrol pump should have at least 5 or 6 pump so that people
don’t need to wait for long time.

CONCLUSION

Based on our observation, we conclude that most of the people have a same problem which is
they stuck on queue because it is takes a long time. They are also got problem that cannot use
a credit card in certain petrol pump. Some of petrol pump does not suitable. Other than that,
people are also hard to fill their fuel because they need to wait other vehicles. Some of petrol
station just got a small area.

REFERENCES

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_and_motion_study
 www.open.ac.uk/courses/do-it/finding-time
 www.managers-net.com/timestudy.html