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1. The document provides information about the states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases.
2. In solids, particles are packed tightly together and can only vibrate in place. In liquids, particles are closely packed but can move freely around each other. In gases, particles are spread far apart and move quickly in all directions.
3. Changes in temperature can cause changes between the different states of matter. Heating a solid or liquid increases the energy of its particles, potentially allowing it to change state from solid to liquid or liquid to gas.
1. The document provides information about the states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases.
2. In solids, particles are packed tightly together and can only vibrate in place. In liquids, particles are closely packed but can move freely around each other. In gases, particles are spread far apart and move quickly in all directions.
3. Changes in temperature can cause changes between the different states of matter. Heating a solid or liquid increases the energy of its particles, potentially allowing it to change state from solid to liquid or liquid to gas.
1. The document provides information about the states of matter - solids, liquids, and gases.
2. In solids, particles are packed tightly together and can only vibrate in place. In liquids, particles are closely packed but can move freely around each other. In gases, particles are spread far apart and move quickly in all directions.
3. Changes in temperature can cause changes between the different states of matter. Heating a solid or liquid increases the energy of its particles, potentially allowing it to change state from solid to liquid or liquid to gas.
Solids, Liquids, and the particles would begin to vibrate
more quickly. They would move Gases faster and begin to move farther apart. Chapter Test A 24. In a gas, particles are spread far apart 1. B and they move in all directions at 2. C high speeds, filling all the space 3. A available. In a liquid, particles are 4. D packed closely together but can move freely around one another. As a 5. C result, a liquid can take on the shape 6. B of its container. In a solid, particles 7. C are packed tightly together; they can 8. C vibrate in place but not move from 9. B their fixed positions. 10. C 25. In an ice cube, water molecules are arranged in a crystalline form. Inside 11. gas the freezer, the ice cube is at a 12. thermal temperature below 0°C. When it is 13. gas removed from the freezer, the ice 14. viscosity cube absorbs thermal energy from its 15. Boiling surroundings, mostly from the air in the room. At first, the added thermal 16. F, more freely than energy causes the water molecules to 17. F, amorphous vibrate faster, raising their 18. F, freezing temperature. When the temperature of 19. F, sublimation the water molecules reaches 0°C, the 20. T melting point of water, the molecules vibrate so quickly that they break free 21. State B. The figure shows that the from their fixed positions, and the ice particles are arranged in a pattern of begins to melt. definite, fixed positions. They can vibrate in place but not move around. 26. If the cylinder were heated, the temperature of the gas would 22. State A. The particles are not in a increase. With the plunger held fixed pattern as particles in a solid steady, the volume of the gas would are; the particles can move around remain constant. Under these one another, but they remain quite conditions (increasing temperature close together. and constant volume), the pressure of 23. State C, because heating increases the the gas would increase. energy of the particles. As the temperature of the liquid increases,
Solids, Liquids, and Gases
Chapter Tests Answers Solids, Liquids, and Gases (continued) 27. The figure shows that the volume and pressure of a gas are related, and that as the volume of a gas decreases, its pressure increases. 28. Some water molecules at the surface of the puddle gain enough energy to escape into the air. This process gradually reduces the size of the puddle until it dries up. When a change of state from a liquid to a gas occurs at the surface of the liquid, the change is called evaporation. In warm weather, evaporation may occur more quickly because the water gains energy faster from the air, the sun, or the ground than it does in cooler weather. 29. The volume of the tire is not greatly changed by the changing temperatures, but the gas pressure inside the tire is. In hot weather, the rising air temperature in the tire causes the pressure in the tire to increase also; if the pressure becomes greater than the tire can stand, the tire bursts. However, in cold weather, the air temperature decreases, causing the pressure on the tire walls to be reduced. 30. The balloons will decrease in volume. When the temperature of a gas at constant pressure decreases, its volume also decreases. Because the balloon is flexible, it contracts.