VM210EN

VAMP 210
Generator protection relay
Operation and configuration

instructions
Technical description
VAMP 210 Generator protection relay VAMP Ltd
2 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

VAMP Ltd Generator protection relay VAMP 210
Table of Content
1. General ...................................................................................4
1.1. Relay features......................................................................4
1.2. Operating safety .................................................................5
2. User interface .........................................................................6
2.1. General.................................................................................6
2.2. Relay front panel.................................................................6
2.2.1. Display .........................................................................7
2.2.2. Key pad.......................................................................7
2.2.3. Indicators ....................................................................8
3. Local panel operations .........................................................9
3.1. Navigation in the menus....................................................9
3.1.1. Function menu table.............................................. 10
3.1.2. Basic menu structure of protection functions .... 15
3.2. Operating levels ............................................................... 16
3.2.1. Opening operating levels ..................................... 17
3.2.2. Changing passwords ............................................. 17
4. Operating measures ............................................................18
4.1. Measured data ................................................................ 18
4.2. Operation indicators ....................................................... 19
4.3. Reading event register.................................................... 20
4.4. Forced control (Force) .................................................... 20
4.5. Setting range limits........................................................... 21
4.6. Adjusting display contrast............................................... 21
5. Configuration and parameter setting ................................22
5.1. Principle of parameter setting ....................................... 22
5.2. Disturbance recorder menu DR..................................... 23
5.3. Configuring digital inputs DI ........................................... 24
5.4. Configuring digital outputs DO...................................... 24
5.5. Configuring protection functions Prot .......................... 24
5.6. Setting protection function parameters....................... 25
5.7. Configuration menu CONF ............................................ 25
5.8. Protocol menu Bus ........................................................... 27
6. PC software...........................................................................28
6.1. PC user interface.............................................................. 28
6.1.1. Using the VAMPSET program................................. 28
6.2. Remote control connection........................................... 28
7. Commissioning configuration.............................................29
7.1. Factory settings................................................................. 29
7.1.1. Configuration during commissioning .................. 29
7.1.2. Configuration example ......................................... 30
VM210.EN004 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 3

1. General
This part of the manual describes the functions of the generator
protection relay VAMP 210 and includes the relay operation
instructions. It also contains instructions for parameterization and
configuration of the relay and instructions for changing settings.
The second part of the publication includes detailed protection
function descriptions as well as application examples and technical
data sheets.
The Mounting and Commissioning Instructions are published in a
separate publication with the code VMMC.EN0xx.
1.1. Relay features

The flexible multi-stage protection functions make the VAMP 210
ideal for small and medium sized generators. It features the following
protection functions:
x Three overcurrent stages
x One overcurrent stage with voltage restraint
x Under impedance
x Four non-directional earth-fault stages
x One directional overvoltage stage
x Two residual overvoltage stages
x Thermal overload stage
x Current unbalance stage
x Loss of excitation stage
x Two reverse power stages
x Two overvoltage stages
x Two undervoltage stages
x Two overfrequency stages
x Two underfrequency stages
x Circuit breaker failure protection
Further the relay includes a disturbance recorder and is optionally
available with an arc supervision unit. All the protection stages can be
in simultaneous use.
The relay communicates with other systems using common
protocols, such as the ModBus RTU, ModBus TCP, Profibus DP,
IEC 60870-5-103 and it can be connected to a fibre-optic SPA bus.

1.2. Operating safety

The terminals on the rear panel of the relay may carry
dangerous voltages, although the auxiliary voltage is
switched off. A live current transformer secondary circuit
must not be opened. Disconnecting a live circuit may
cause dangerous voltages! Any operational measures
must be carries out according to national and local
handling directives and instructions.
Carefully read through the relay operation instructions before any

relay operational measures are carried out.

2. User interface
2.1. General
The VAMP 210 protection relay can be controlled in three ways:
x Locally with the push-buttons on the relay front panel
x Locally using a PC connected to the serial port on the front panel
or on the rear panel of the relay (both cannot be used
simultaneously)
x Via the remote control port on the relay rear panel.
2.2. Relay front panel

The figure below shows the front panel of the relay and the location
of the user interface elements used for local control.
VAMP 210
Generator Protection Relay
Power
Error
Com
3
Alarm
Trip 1
A
B
C
4
2
VY 062 B
Figure 2.2-1 Relay front panel.
1. LCD dot matrix display

2. Key pad
3. LED indicators
4. RS 232 serial communication port for PC

2.2.1. Display
The VAMP 210 protection relay is provided with a back lit LCD dot
matrix display. The display is divided into sections as shown in the
next figure.
lcdnaytt
4 2
6
ÈÉ CURRENTS
3
IL1 503A
MEAS Ë IL2 505A
Ev t
n IL3 502A
DI Io 0.07A
.
DO Uo 3.0 .
Pr t
o f 50.010HZ
1 5
Figure 2.2.1-1 Sections of the LCD dot matrix display.
1. Main menu column

2. Heading of active menu
3. Cursor of main menu
4. Possible navigating directions (push buttons)
5. Measured/adjustable quantity
6. Measured/set value
2.2.2. Key pad

You can navigate in the menu and set required parameter values
using the key pad and the guidance given in the display. The key pad
is composed of four arrow keys, one cancel key, one enter key and
one info key.
Figure 2.2.2-1 The keys on the key pad.

1. Enter and confirmation key (ENTER)

2. Cancel key (CANCEL)
3. Up/Down [Increase/Decrease] arrow keys (UP/DOWN)
4. Selection of submenus [selection of digit in value]
(LEFT/RIGHT)
5. Additional information key (INFO)
Inside brackets is the term used for the buttons in this manual.
2.2.3. Indicators
The relay is provided with eight LED indicators on the relay front
panel:
Power
Error
Com
Alarm
Trip
A
B
C
Figure 2.2.3-1 Operation indicators of the relay.
Relay operation indicators

Power Auxiliary voltage indicators
Error Internal relay fault, operates in parallel with the self supervision output
relay
Com Serial communication indicator
Alarm Start indicator of protection stage
Trip Trip indicator of protection stage
A-C Can be programmed for application-related status indications

3. Local panel operations

The local panel can be used to read measured values, to set
parameters and to configure relay functions. Some parameters,
however, can only be set by means of a PC connected to one of the
local communication ports. Some parameters are factory set.
3.1. Navigation in the menus

All menu functions are based on the main menu / submenu structure:
1. Use the arrow keys UP and DOWN to move up and down in the
main menu.
2. For moving to a submenu, repeatedly push the RIGHT key until
the required submenu is shown. Correspondingly, push the LEFT
key to cancel the selection.
3. Push the ENTER key to confirm the selected submenu.
4. Push the CANCEL key to cancel a selection.
5. Pushing the UP or DOWN key in any position of a submenu will
bring you directly one step up or down in the main menu.
The active main menu selection is indicated with a small triangular
cursor sliding along the vertical line to the right of the main menu
column. The possible navigating directions in each part of the menu
are shown in the upper left corner by means of the black triangular
symbols.

Figure 3.1-1 The principles of the menu structure and navigation in the menus.
6. Push the INFO key to obtain additional information about any

menu item.
7. Push the CANCEL key to revert to the normal display.
3.1.1. Function menu table

MEAS (Measurements)
x POWER
x CURRENTS
x VOLTAGES
x PHASE VOLTAGES

Evnt (Events)
x EVENT COUNT
x EVENT LIST
DR (Disturbance Recorder)
x DISTURBANCE RECO
x REC. COUPLING
DI (Digital Inputs)
x DIGITAL INPUTS
x DELAYs for DigIn
x INPUT POLARITY
x EVENT MASK1
x EVENT MASK2
DO (Digital Outputs)
x RELAY OUTPUTS 1
x RELAY OUTPUTS 2
x Matrix emblems
x XXX xxx output (Output Matrix)
Prot (Protection)
x PROTECTION SET
x PROTECT STATUS 1 – 5
x ENABLED STAGES 1 – 5
x XXX xxx output (Block Matrix)
I>
x I> STATUS 51
x SET I> 51
x LOG I> 51
x LOG2 I> 51
x I> event mask
I>>
x I>> STATUS 51
x SET I>> 51
x LOG I>> 51
x LOG2 I>> 51
x I>> event mask

Iv>
x Iv> STATUS 51V
x SET Iv> 51V
x SET Iv> 51V
x LOG Iv> 51V
x LOG2 Iv> 51V
x Iv> event mask
Io>
x Io> STATUS 51N
x SET Io> 51N
x LOG Io> 51N
x LOG2 Io> 51N
x Io> event mask
Io>>
x Io>> STATUS 51N
x SET Io>> 51N
x LOG Io>> 51N
x LOG2 Io>> 51N
x Io>> event mask
IoM>
x IoDr> STATUS 67N
x SET IoDir> 67N
x SET2 IoDir> 67N
x LOG IoDir> 67N
x LOG2 IoDir> 67N
x IoM> event mask
Io2>
x Io2> STATUS 51N
x SET Io2> 51N
x LOG Io2> 51N
x LOG2 Io2> 51N
x Io>2 event mask

Io2>>
x Io2>> STATUS 51N
x SET Io2>> 51N
x LOG Io2>> 51N
x LOG2 Io2>> 51N
x Io2>> event mask
Uo>
x Uo> STATUS 59N
x SET Uo> 59N
x LOG Uo> 59N
x LOG2 Uo> 59N
x Uo> event mask
Uo>>
x Uo>> STATUS 59N
x SET Uo>> 59N
x LOG Uo>> 59N
x LOG2 Uo>> 59N
x Uo>> event mask
U>
x U> STATUS 59
x SET U> 59
x LOG U> 59
x LOG2 U> 59
x U> event mask
U>>
x U>> STATUS 59
x SET U>> 59
x LOG U>> 59
x LOG2 U>> 59
x U>> event mask
U1<
x U1< STATUS 27
x SET U1< 27
x LOG U1< 27
x LOG2 U1< 27
x U1< event mask

T>
x T> STATUS 49
x SET T> 49
x T> event mask
Q<
x Q< STATUS 40
x SET Q< % 40
x SET Q< kvar 40
x SET Q< 40
x LOG Q< 40
x LOG2 Q< 40
x Q< event mask
P<
x P< STATUS 32
x SET P< 32
x LOG P< 32
x LOG2 P< 32
x P< event mask
f>
x f> STATUS 81
x SET f> 81
x LOG f> 81
x LOG2 f> 81
x f> event mask
CONF (Configuration)
x DEVICE SETUP
x POWER SCALING
x CURRENT SCALING
x VOLTAGE SCALING
x Io1 SCALING
x Io2 SCALING
x DEVICE INFO
x DATE/TIME SETUP
x CLOCK SYNC

Bus (Protocols)
x PROTOCOL
x MODBUS
x SPABUS SLAVE
x IEC-103
x Profibus DP
x TCP/IP
3.1.2. Basic menu structure of protection functions

Example I>:
I>STATUS:
Status Trip State of protection function (-, Start, Trip, Blocked)
SCntr 8 Start counter
TCntr 7 Trip counter
Force Off Forced operation of state (ON, OFF)
SET I> (several SET menus possible):

ILmax 100A Actual value, the value on which the protection is based
Status - State of protection function (-, Start, Trip, Blocked)
I> 110A Set value of protection function [A]
I> 1.10pu Set value of protection function [pu]
curve DT Selection of delay characteristic (DT, NI, VI, EI, LTI)
t> 0.30s
LOG I>:
Index 1 Order number of start 1 – 8, 1=latest
Type - Recorded event data
Flt A Fault current
Load A Current before fault
EDly % Elapsed delay, 100% = tripped
LOG2 I>:
Index 1 Order number of start 1 – 8, 1=latest
2002-08-22 Time stamp of event
20:34:11
67ms
I> event mask:

St_On Start on event
St_Off Start off event
Tr_On Trip on event
Tr_Off Trip off event

3.2. Operating levels

The relay has three different operating levels: the User level, the
Operator level and the Configuration level. The purpose of the
operating levels is to prevent accidental change of relay
configurations, parameters or settings.
USER level
Use: Parameter values can be read
Opening: Level permanently open
Closing: Closing not possible
OPERATOR level
Use: Settings of protection stages can be changed
Opening: Default password 0001
Setting state: On entering the parameter setting state a password
must be given, see 3.2.1
Closing: The level is automatically closed when 10 minutes
has elapsed since a key was pushed or a setting
was done via the local port. The level can also be
closed by giving the password 9999
CONFIGURATION level
Use: The configuration level is needed during the
commissioning of the relay. E.g. the turn ratios of
the voltage and current transformers can be set.
Opening: Default password 0002
Setting state: On entering the parameter setting state a password
must be given, see 3.2.1
Closing: The level is automatically closed when 10 minutes
has elapsed since a key was pushed or a setting
was done via the local port. The level can also be
closed by giving the password 9999

3.2.1. Opening operating levels

1. Push the INFO key and the ENTER key on the front panel.
ENTER PASSWORD
0
***
Figure 3.2.1-1 Opening an operating level
2. Enter the password needed for the desired level: The password
may contain four digits. The digits are supplied one by one by
first moving to the position of the digit using the RIGHT key and
then setting the desired digit value using the UP key.
3. Push ENTER.
3.2.2. Changing passwords

The set passwords can only be changed using a PC connected to the
local RS-232 port on the relay.

4. Operating measures
General
Carefully study the operating instructions in chapters 1 through 3 of
this manual before taking any operating measures or changing any
relay settings or functions.
The relay can be controlled from the relay front panel, from a PC
running the VAMPSET software, from a PC running a suitable
terminal software, or from a remote control system.
4.1. Measured data

The measured values can be read from the main menu MEAS and its
submenus.
Submenu CURRENTS
The CURRENTS display shows a list of parameters and their values.
currents
CURRENTS
IL1 308A
MEAS IL2 317A
Evnt IL3 309A
DI Io 0.16A
DO f 50.010Hz
Prot
Figure 4.1-1 Current and frequency data.

4.2. Operation indicators

LED indicator Meaning Measure/ Remarks
Power LED lit The auxiliary power has been Normal operation state
switched on
Error LED lit An internal relay fault has The relay attempts to
been detected reboot. [REBOOT]. If the
error LED remains lit, call
for maintenance.
Com LED lit or The serial bus is in use and Normal operation state
flashing transferring information
Alarm LED lit One or several signals of the The LED is switched off,
output relay matrix have when the signal that caused
been assigned to output output Alarm to activate,
Alarm and the output has e.g. the START signal, is
been activated by one of the reset. The resetting depends
signals. (Output relay on the type of
configuration, see chapter 5.4 configuration, Connected
on page 24) or Latched.
Trip LED lit One or several signals of the The LED is switched off,
output relay matrix have when the signal that caused
been assigned to output Trip output Trip to activate, e.g.
and the output has been the TRIP signal, is reset.
activated by one of the The resetting depends on
signals. (Output relay the type of configuration,
configuration, see chapter 5.4 Connected or Latched.
on page 24)
A- C LED lit Application- related status
indications
Resetting latched indicators and output relays

All indicators and output relays can be given a latching function in
the configuration.
There are two ways to reset latched indicators and relays:
1. Move to the initial display, see Figure 2.2.1-1, from the alarm list,
by pushing the CANCEL key for approx. 3 s. Then reset the
latched indicators and output relays by pushing the ENTER key.
2. Acknowledge each event in the alarm list one by one, by pushing
ENTER the equivalent times. Then, in the initial display, reset
the latched indicators and output relays by pushing the ENTER
key.
The latchings can also be reset via the communications bus or via a
DI input configured for that purpose.

4.3. Reading event register

The event register can be read from the Evnt option of the main
menu:
1. Push the RIGHT key once
2. The EVENT LIST appears. The display contains a list of all
events that have been configured to be contained in the event
register.
event_list
EVENT LIST
17 Io> Start on
1.22 pu
2002-02-15
00:17:37.530
Figure 4.3-1 Event register, example.
3. Scroll through the event list with the UP and DOWN keys.
4. Exit the event list by pushing the LEFT key.
4.4. Forced control (Force)

In some menus it is possible to switch on and off a function by Forced
Control. This feature can be used, for instance, for testing a certain
function. The Force function can be activated as follows:
1. Open operating level CONFIGURATION, see chapter 3.2.1.
2. Move to the setting state of the desired function, for example DO
(see chapter 5, on page 22).
3. Select the Force function (the black cursor is in line with the
Force text).
Pick RELAY OUTPUTS 1

Enable forcing
T1 0
T2 0
A1 0
A2 0
DO
Force OFF
Figure 4.4-1 Selection of the Force function.
4. Push the ENTER key.

5. Push the UP or DOWN key to change the "OFF" text to "ON",
i.e., to activate the Force function.
6. Push the ENTER key to return to the selection list. Choose the
signal to be controlled by force with the UP and DOWN keys, for
instance the T1 signal.

7. Push the ENTER key to confirm the selection. Signal T1 can be

controlled by force.
8. Push the UP or DOWN key to change the selection from "0" (not
alert) to "1" (alert) or vice versa.
9. Push the ENTER key to execute the forced control operation of
the selected function, e.g., making the output relay of T1 to pick
up.
10. Repeat steps 7 and 8 to alternate between the on and off state of
the function.
11. Repeat steps 1...4 to exit the Forced control function.
12. Push the CANCEL key to return to the main menu.
4.5. Setting range limits

Note!
If parameters requiring a setting value are given out-of-range settings,
a fault message will be obtained when the setting is confirmed with
the ENTER key. Adjust the setting to within the allowed setting
range.
The allowed setting range is shown in the display in setting mode:
1. Push the INFO button.
infoset_I
Info SET I> 51

Setting for stage I>
Type: i32.dd
Range: 0.10
.. 0.50
ENTER : password
CANCEL: back to menu
Figure 4.5-1 Display of allowed setting ranges
2. Push the CANCEL key to return to the setting mode.
4.6. Adjusting display contrast

The readability of the LCD varies with the brightness and the
temperature of the environment. The contrast of the display can be
adjusted via the PC user interface, see chapter 6 on page 28.

5. Configuration and parameter

setting
Operating level: CONFIGURATION
x Choose and configure the digital inputs in the DI position of the
main menu.
x Configure the digital outputs in the DO position of the main
menu.
x Choose and configure the protection functions and configure the
interlockings in the Prot position of the main menu.
x Change the parameters of the protection functions in the function-
related submenus, e.g. I>.
x Set the ”Device Setup”, the scaling (e.g. of Inom, Isec, etc.), date
and time in the CONF position of the main menu.
x Choose and configure the communication buses in the Bus
position of the main menu.
NOTE!
Some of the parameters can only be altered via the RS-232 serial port
using a PC, e.g. changing password.
5.1. Principle of parameter setting

1. Move to the setting state of the desired menu, e.g.
CONF/CURRENT SCALING, by pushing the ENTER key.
The Pick text appears in the upper left part of the display.
2. Supply the password associated with the configuration level
(default value = 0002).
3. Scroll through the parameters with the UP and DOWN keys. If a
certain parameter can be set, the cursor to the left of the value
takes the form of a black filled triangle. If the parameter cannot be
set the cursor takes the form of a non-filled triangle.
4. Select the desired parameter, e.g. Inom, with the ENTER key.
5. Use the UP and DOWN keys to change a parameter value. If the
value contains more than one digit, use the LEFT and RIGHT
keys to step from digit to digit, and the UP and DOWN keys to
change the digits.
6. Push the ENTER key to accept the new value.
7. If you want to leave the parameter value unchanged, then exit the
edit state by pushing the CANCEL key.

Figure 5.1-1 Changing parameters.
5.2. Disturbance recorder menu DR

Via the submenus of the disturbance recorder menu the following
functions and features can be read and set:
DISTURBANCE RECO
x Recording mode (Mode)
x Sample rate (Rate)
x Recording time (Time)
x Pre trig time (PreTrig)
x Manual trigger (MnlTrig)
x Count of ready records (ReadyRe)
REC. COUPLING
x Add a link to the recorder (AddLink)
x Clear all links (ClrLnks)
Available links:
x DO, DI
x Uline, Uphase
x IL
x U2/U1, U2, U1
x I2/Ign, I2/I1, I2, I1
x CosFii
x PF, S, Q, P
x f

x Uo, UL3, UL2, UL1

x U31, U23, U12
x Io2, Io
x IL3, IL2, IL1
5.3. Configuring digital inputs DI

Via the submenus of the digital inputs menu the following functions
can be read and set:
x Status of digital inputs (DIGITAL INPUTS)
x Operation delay (DELAYs for DigIn)
x Polarity of the input signal (INPUT POLARITY), either
normally open (NO) or normally closed (NC) circuit
x Selection to event register EVENT MASK1 and EVENT MASK2
5.4. Configuring digital outputs DO

Via the submenus of the digital outputs menu the following functions
can be read and set:
x Status of the output relays (RELAY OUTPUTS1 and 2)
x Forcing of the output relays (RELAY OUTPUTS1 and 2) (only if
Force = ON):
o Forced control (0 or 1) of the Trip relays T1 and T2
o Forced control (0 or 1) of the Alarm relays A1…A5
o Forced control (0 or 1) of the IF relay
x Configuration of the output signals to the output relays T1 and
T2, A1 - A5 and the operation indicators (LED) Alarm and Trip,
that is, the output relay matrix.
5.5. Configuring protection functions Prot

Via the submenus of the Prot menu the following functions can be
read and set:
x In the Prot menu you can reset all counters (PROTECTION
SET/ClALL)
x Read the status of all protection functions (PROTECT STATUS
1-3)
x Enable and disable protection functions (ENABLED STAGES 1-
3)
x Define the interlockings between signals.

5.6. Setting protection function parameters

The settings of the selected protection functions can be read and set
separately in the submenus of each function.
Available Protection stages
x I>, I>>
x IV >
x I2 >
x I0>, I0>>
x I0 M
x I02>, I02>>
x U0>, U0>>
x U>, U>>
x U1<, U1<<
x T>
x Q<
x P<, P<<
x f>, f>>
x f<, f<<
x ArcI>, ArcIo>, ArcIo2>
x CBFP
5.7. Configuration menu CONF

Via the submenus of the configuration menu the following functions
and features can be read and set:
DEVICE SETUP
x Transfer rate of local serial bus (bit/s)
x “AccessLevel” display (Acc)
POWER SCALING
x Rated generator apparent power (Sgn)
x Rated generator voltage (Ugn)
x Rated generator current (Ign) (derived value)
x Prime mover shaft power (Pm)
x Calculated power CTxVT (CTxVT) (derived value)
x Unit transformer used? (Trafo)

CURRENT SCALING
x Rated CT primary current (Inom)
x Rated CT secondary current (Isec)
x Rated current of current input (Iinput) (only display)
VOLTAGE SCALING
x Rated VT primary voltage (Unom)
x Rated VT secondary voltage (Usec)
x Rated residual VT secondary voltage (Uosec)
Io1 SCALING
x Io1 current transformer primary current (Io1n)
x Io1 current transformer secondary current (Io1sec)
x Io1 current input rated current (Io1inp) (only display)
Io2 SCALING
x Io2 current transformer primary current (Io2n)
x Io2 current transformer secondary current (Io2sec)
x Io2 current input rated current (Io2inp) (only display)
DEVICE INFO (only display)

x Relay type (Type VAMP 210)
x Serial number (SerN)
x Software version (PrgVer)
DATE/TIME SETUP
x Date (Dat)
x Time (Time)
x Presentation style of date information (Style)

5.8. Protocol menu Bus

Via the submenus of the protocol menu the following functions and
features can be read and set:
PROTOCOL
x Communication protocol of REMOTE port (Protoco)
x Message counter (Msg#)
x Communication error counter (Errors)
x Communication time-out counter (Tout)
MODBUS
x Device slave number at Modbus Slave Protocol or target
slave number at Modbus Master Protocol (Addr)
x Modbus transfer rate (bit/s)
x ModBus parity check (Parity)
SPABUS SLAVE
x Slave number (Addr) when relay connected to SPA-Bus
x SPA-Bus transfer rate (bit/s)
x Event mode (Emode)
ProfiBus DP
x ProfiBus profile (Mode)
x Transfer rate of converter (bit/s)
x ProfiBus Tx Buf length (InBuf)
x ProfiBus Rx Buf length (OutBuf)
x ProfiBus address (Addr)
x Type of the ProfiBus converter (Conv)
TCP/IP (Only in VAMPSET)

x IP address of the relay (IpAddr)
x Subnet mask (NetMsk)
x IP address of the Gateway (Gatew)
x IP address of the Name Server (NameSv)
x IP address of the SNTP Server (NTPSvr)
x IP port number for Protocol (Port)
IEC-60870-5-103
x Slave address (Addr)
x Transfer rate (bit/s)

6. PC software
6.1. PC user interface

The PC interface is intended for use on onsite parameterization of the
relay, reading measured values to a computer or for loading relay
software from a computer.
Two RS 232 serial ports are available for the connection of a local
PC, one on the front panel and one on the rear panel of the relay. The
serial ports are connected in parallel. However, if both ports are fitted
with a connection cable, only the port on the front panel will be
active. To connect a PC to a serial port, use a connection cable of
type VX 003-3.
6.1.1. Using the VAMPSET program

See separate user’s manual for the VAMPSET software, with the
code, VMV.EN0xx. If the VAMPSET software is not available,
please download it from our web site at www.vamp.fi.
6.2. Remote control connection

The protection relay communicates with higher-level systems, e.g.
remote control systems, via the serial port (REMOTE) on the rear
panel of the relay.
ModBus, SPA_Bus, IEC 60870-5-103, ProfiBus or ModBus TCP can
be used as REMOTE communication protocols (see details in
Chapter 2.5.2 in technical description).
Additional operation instructions for various bus types are to be
found in their respective manual.

7. Commissioning configuration
7.1. Factory settings

When delivered from the factory, the relay has been given factory
default settings or settings defined by the customer. The actual
configuration can be read from the workshop test reports or from the
final test reports.
7.1.1. Configuration during commissioning

The settings of the generator protection relay VAMP 210 can be
defined and checked during commissioning in accordance with the
instructions given in chapter 5 of this manual, for example, in the
following order:
1. Define the rated values of the generator and the prime mover
(Conf/Power scaling menu). If the shaft power of the prime
mover is unknown, set Pm = Sgn
2. Unit transformer to be used: Set parameter Trafo = Yes, but only
if the voltage is measured on the HV side of the unit transformer
and the current on the LV side.
3. If a unit transformer is used also set the following parameters:
x unit transformer HV side rated voltage UnBB,
x unit transformer LV side rated voltage Ungs,
x unit transformer vector group ConGrp in degrees. E.g.
YNd11 = -30°, where 0, 1,...,6 correspond to the angles 0°,
+30°,...,180° and 11, 10,..., 7 correspond to the angles -30°, -
60°,..., -150°
4. Scaling of the rated values of the phase currents (Conf/Current
scaling menu)
5. Scaling of the rated values of the (phase-to phase) voltages
(Conf/Voltage scaling menu)
6. Scaling of the rest of the rated values (Conf menu): Io1n, Sgn, etc.
The scaling is done in the software block of the measured signals,
Figure 7.1.1-1. Thus the scaling will affect all protection functions.

Figure 7.1.1-1 Principle for scaling the measured values of the VAMP 210 relay.
7. Activation of desired protection functions, Prot menu. See

chapter 5.5 on page 24.
8. Setting values of the protection function parameters (e.g. I>
menu). See the technical description chapter 2 onward for
appropriate protection function.
9. Routing of trip and alarm signals from the protection functions to
the desired output relays and LED indicators (DO menu). See
10. Configuration of blocking matrix (Prot menu). See chapter 5.5 on
page 24.
11. Configuration of desired DI inputs, e.g., external blockings (DI
menu), see chapter 5.3 on page 24.
12. Configuration of communication parameters (Bus menu), see
7.1.2. Configuration example

The example below illustrates the calculation and scaling of setting
values and the grouping of output relays in a typical protection
configuration. The values given in the example are to be regarded as
guidelines only.
Example: Generator connected directly to busbar
The application uses the following protection functions and
parameters:
x Definite time overcurrent protection (I>, k, Type)
x Two-stage overvoltage protection (U>, t>; U>>, t>>)
x Undervoltage protection (U<, t<, NoCmp, I<Blk)
x Reverse power (P<, t<)
x Unbalanced load protection (K1, I2, Type)
x Underexcitation protection (Q@P0%, Q@P80%, t)
x Underfrequency protection (f<, t<, Ublock)
x Overfrequency protection (f>, t>)
x Directional earth-fault protection (I0M>, t> or I0M>, t>;
U0>,ChCtrl, Char)

x Thermal overload protection (k, tau (W), T>ALARM (4))

The above functions are enabled via the Prot/ENABLED STAGES_
-menu by selecting "On" in the Enable display, see chapter 5.5 on
page 24. The functions not to be included are disabled by selecting the
"Off" value.
1 Start data
Given within parenthesis are the configuration menus where the
settings are done.
Rated values of the generator and the prime mover:
Generator rated power
Sgn 6000 kVA
(Conf/power scaling)
Generator rated voltage
Ugn 6300 V
Prime mover rated power
Pm 4800 kVA
Unit transformer included or not:

Unit transformer
Trafo No
Machine parameters of the unbalanced load protection:

Maximum permitted continuous unbalanced
current in % of the generator rated current Ign I2 8%
(I2>/SET I2>)
Delay function (I2>/SET I2>) Type INV
Machine parameters of the thermal overload protection:

Maximum allowed continuous load current in % of
the generator rated current Ign (T/SET T>) (k setting k (T>) 1,06
for stage T>)
Generator heating time constant
tau (W) 40 min
(T/set tau)
Generator thermal alarm level
T> (4) 90 %
(T/set ALARM>)

Turns ratios of the voltage and current transformers:

Current transformer (CT) Inom 500 A
(Conf/current scaling) Isec 5A
Voltage transformer (VT) Unom 6000 V
(Conf/voltage scaling) sec 100 V
U0sec 100 V
Core-balance current transformer I (CT) I01n 50 A
(Conf/Io1 scaling) t01sec 5A
Core-balance current transformer II (CT) I02n 50 A
(Conf/Io2 scaling)
I02sec 5A
(not always used)
2 Calculation and selection of setting values:

The generator protection relay automatically calculates the value of
the rated current Ign of the generator from the set Sgn and Ugn values
using the following expression:
S gn 6000kVa
I gn 550 A
3 U gn 3 6300
Overcurrent stage I> (51):
SET I>
I> k Type
1.20 1.50 NI
Overvoltage stage U> (59):

SET U>
U> t>
115% 3.00 s
Overvoltage stage U>> (59):

SET U>>
U>> t>>
140% 0.40 s
Undervoltage stage U1< (27):

SET U<
U1< t< NoCmp I<Blk
80% 10.00 s 20% 10.00 s
Reverse power stage P< (32):

SET P<
P< t<
-4% 2.00 s
Unbalanced load stage I2>:

SET I2>
I2 K1> Type
8% 20.00 s INV

Underexcitation stage Q<:

SET Q
Q@P0% Q@P80% t<
-30% -30% 2.00 s
Underfrequency stage f< (81):

SET f<
f< t< Ublock
49.0 Hz 2.00 s 35%
Overfrequency stage f> (81):

SET f>
f> t>
56 Hz 3s
Directional earth-fault stage I0M>:

SET IoDir>
I0M> t>
0.10pu 2s
SET2 IoDir>
chCtrl Char U0>
Cos Cos 10%
Thermal protection T>:

SET T>
k (T>) tau (W) T>ALARM
(4)
1,06 40 min 90%
Default settings of the event masks of the protection:

_ event mask
S_On S_Off T_on T_Off
Enabl Disabl Enabl Disabl
3 Blocking matrix
The required blockings are made in the Prot menu, see chapter 5.5 on
page 24.
Typical blockings:
The U< and I> functions block the f< function, a DI signal
from the MCB of the potential transformers blocks the U< and
f< functions.
4 Configuration of output relays

The required groupings of the output relays and output signals are
configured in the DO menu, see chapter 5.4 on page 24.


Table of Content
1. Introduction ............................................................................3
1.1. Application ..........................................................................3
1.2. Main features.......................................................................3
2. Functions .................................................................................5
2.1. Principles of the numerical protection technique .........5
2.2. Protection relay functions..................................................7
2.2.1. Overcurrent protection (50/51) ..............................7
2.2.2. Voltage restrained and voltage controlled
overcurrent function (51V) ................................... 13
2.2.3. Unbalance protection (46) .................................. 15
2.2.4. Directional earth-fault protection (67N)............. 17
2.2.5. Earth fault protection (50N/51N) ......................... 18
2.2.6. Residual voltage protection (59N) ...................... 20
2.2.7. Overvoltage protection (59)................................ 20
2.2.8. Undervoltage protection (27/60) ........................ 21
2.2.9. Overload protection (49) ..................................... 22
2.2.10. Underexcitation protection (40) .......................... 24
2.2.11. Reverse power protection (32R).......................... 26
2.2.12. Overfrequency protection (81H)......................... 26
2.2.13. Underfrequency protection (81L)........................ 27
2.2.14. Circuit-breaker failure protection (50BF)............ 28
2.2.15. Arc fault protection (option) ArcI> (51 L>), ArcI0>
(51N L>), ArcI02> (51N L>) ...................................... 29
2.3. Measurement functions of the relay............................. 30
2.4. Output relay and blocking functions............................ 31
2.4.1. Output relay matrix................................................ 31
2.4.2. Blocking matrix ....................................................... 32
2.5. Communication ............................................................... 32
2.5.1. PC port..................................................................... 32
2.5.2. Remote control connection ................................ 32
2.6. Disturbance recorder ...................................................... 33
2.7. Self-supervision.................................................................. 34
3. Applications..........................................................................35
3.1. Directly connected generator....................................... 36
3.2. Directly connected generator with unearthed
generator neutral ............................................................ 37
3.3. Generator-transformer unit............................................. 38
3.4. Trip circuit supervision ...................................................... 39
4. Connections .........................................................................41
4.1. Digital inputs...................................................................... 41
4.2. Auxiliary voltage............................................................... 42
4.3. Output relays .................................................................... 42
4.4. Serial communication connection ............................... 42
4.5. Arc Protection................................................................... 42
4.6. Block diagram .................................................................. 43

4.7. Connection diagram ...................................................... 44

5. Technical data .....................................................................45
5.1. Connections ..................................................................... 45
5.1.1. Measuring circuitry................................................. 45
5.1.2. Auxiliary voltage..................................................... 45
5.1.3. Digital inputs ........................................................... 45
5.1.4. Trip contacts (T1 and T2)....................................... 46
5.1.5. Alarm contacts (A1 - A5) and IF .......................... 46
5.1.6. Local serial communication port ........................ 46
5.1.7. Remote control connection ................................ 46
5.2. Tests and environmental conditions ............................. 47
5.2.1. Disturbance tests (EN 50263) ................................ 47
5.2.2. Test voltages ........................................................... 47
5.2.3. Mechanical tests.................................................... 47
5.2.4. Environmental conditions ..................................... 47
5.2.5. Casing...................................................................... 48
5.2.6. Package.................................................................. 48
5.3. Protection stages ............................................................. 48
5.3.1. Overcurrent protection stages ............................ 48
5.3.2. Earth-fault protection stages ............................... 49
5.3.3. Voltage protection stages ................................... 50
5.3.4. Power protection stages....................................... 51
5.3.5. Frequency protection stages............................... 52
5.3.6. Circuit breaker failure protection stage............. 52
5.3.7. Arc fault protection stages (option) ................... 53
5.4. Disturbance Recorder (DR) ............................................ 53
6. Construction .........................................................................54
6.1. Dimensional drawing....................................................... 54
6.2. Panel mounting ................................................................ 55
6.3. Semi-flush mounting......................................................... 55
7. Order information.................................................................56
8. Reference information .........................................................58

1. Introduction
This part of the user’s manual describes the protection functions,
provides a few application examples and contains technical data. This
part of the manual also includes the operating instructions.
Mounting and commissioning instructions are given in a separate
mounting and commissioning manual (VMMC.EN0xx).
1.1. Application
The numerical generator protection relay VAMP 210 includes all the
essential functions needed for protection of small or medium-sized
power generators in modern unmanned fully automatic power plants.
Further the relay includes several programmable functions, such as
arc, thermal, trip circuit supervision and circuit breaker protection
and communication protocols for various protection and
communication situations.
The generator protection relay provides comprehensive protection for
generators in various power plant types, such as hydro, steam and
diesel power plants. The same relay type can be used for the
protection of a single generator as well as for several generators
running in parallel.
The modern technology in association with an extensive self-
supervision system and a reliable construction ensures an extremely
high availability for the VAMP 210 protection relay.
1.2. Main features

x Fully digital signal handling with a powerful 16 bit micro
processor and high measuring accuracy on all setting ranges due
to an accurate 16 bit A/D conversion technique.
x Wide setting ranges for the protection functions.
x The relay can be matched to the requirements of the application
by disabling functions not needed.
x Flexible control and blocking possibilities due to the six digital
signal control inputs (DI).
x Easy adaptability of the relay to various substations and alarm
systems due to a flexible signal-grouping matrix in the relay.
x Recording of events and fault values into an event register, from
which data can be read via the key pad and the display or by
means of the PC based VAMPSET user interface
x Handy configuration, parameterization and reading of
information via the user panel or with VAMPSET user interface.

x Easy connection to power plant automation system due to a

versatile serial connection and several available communication
protocols.
x Built-in self-regulating dc/dc converter for auxiliary power supply
from any source within the range 40 to 265 V dc or ac.
x Built-in disturbance recorder for evaluating primary and
secondary, as well as neutral currents of the protected object.

2. Functions
The individual protection functions of the generator protection relay
VAMP 210 can independently of each other be enabled or disabled
according to the requirements of the intended application. See the
configuration instructions, Chapter 5 and 7, in the first part of this
manual.
2.1. Principles of the numerical protection

technique
The generator protection relay VAMP 210 is designed using
numerical technology. This means that all signal filtering, protection
and control functions are implemented through digital processing.
The numerical technique used in the relay is primarily based on an
adapted fast Fourier transformation (FFT), in which the number of
calculations (multiplications and additions) required to filter out the
measuring quantities remains reasonable.
By using synchronized sampling of the measured signal (voltage or
current) and a sample rate according to the 2n series, the FFT
technique leads to a solution, which can be realized with just a 16 bit
microcontroller, without using a separate DSP (Digital Signal
Processor).
The synchronized sampling means an even number of 2n samples per
period, e.g. 32 samples per period. This means that the frequency
must be measured and the number of samples per period must be
controlled accordingly, so that the number of samples per period
remains constant, if the frequency changes.
Apart from the FFT calculations some protection functions also
require the symmetrical components to be calculated for obtaining the
positive, negative and zero phase sequence components of the
measured quantity. The function of the undervoltage stage, for
instance, is based on the use of the positive phase sequence
component of the voltage and the function of the unbalanced load
protection stage is based on the use of the negative phase sequence
component of the current.
Figure 2.1-1 shows a principle block diagram of a numerical relay.
The main components are the energizing inputs, digital input
elements, output relays, A/D converter and the micro controller
including memory circuits. Further a relay contains a power supply
unit and a man-machine interface (MMI).
Figure 2.1-2 shows the heart of the numerical technology, that is the
main block diagram for calculated functions.
Figure 2.1-3 shows a principle diagram of a single-phase overvoltage
or overcurrent function.

Figure 2.1-1 Principle block diagram of a numerical protection relay
Figure 2.1-2 Block diagram of a software based protection function.

k213
Im1
Im2
Im3
MAX
Imax
> ts tr
& Start
Havahtuminen
Lukitus
Block
& Register
Tapahtuma
event
rekisteriin
t
³1 Laukaisu
Trip
Register
& Tapahtuma
event
rekisteriin
Setting
AsetteluIsIs Viive
Delay Definite / inverse Inverse
Vakio-/käänteis- time Kerroin
Käänteis- Multiplier Enable events
Tapahtumien
time aika tyyppi
aika toiminto characteristics sallinta
Figure 2.1-3 Block diagram of a single-phase protection function.

2.2. Protection relay functions

2.2.1. Overcurrent protection (50/51)
The three-phase overcurrent unit comprises two separately adjustable
overcurrent stages, stage I> and stage I>>.
The overcurrent unit measures the fundamental frequency
component of the phase currents.
The low-set stage I> can be configured for definite time or inverse
time operation characteristic. Four characteristic curve sets according
to the standard IEC 60255-3 are available: NI (normal Inverse), VI
(Very I.), EI (Extremely I.) and LTI (Long Time I.). Stage I>> is
configured for definite time operation characteristic (DT).
The overcurrent unit may provide main short circuit protection for
generators in applications, where no differential relay or an
underimpedance relay is used.
For large generators the overcurrent unit provides back-up protection
for the differential relay or underimpedance relay in e.g. network
disturbance situations, should the disconnection not be fast enough
from the point of view of the generator protection.
In order to secure operation of the overcurrent unit also at internal
generator faults or close by faults the phase currents are to be
measured with current transformers installed on the generator neutral
side.
Figure 2.2.1-1 shows a functional block diagram of the I> stage of the
overcurrent unit.
Figure 2.2.1-1 Block diagram of the three-phase overcurrent stage I>.
Parameters of the overcurrent stages:

I>, I>> (50/51)
Parameter: Value/unit:
Measured ILmax A Corresponding primary value
value
Setting values I>, I>> A Setting value in primary current
units

I>, I>> _ x Ign Setting value as compared to the

generator rated current Ign =
Sgn/(Ugn x SQRT(3))
curve DT Definite time
NI, VI, Inverse time
EI, LTI
t>, t>> s Operating time
k> Time multiplier at inverse time
(I>)
Recorded SCntr Cumulative start counter
values TCntr Cumulative trip counter
Type 1-N, 2-N, Fault type/single-phase fault
3-N e.g.: 1-N = fault on phase L1
1-2, 2-3, Fault type/two-phase fault e.g.:
1-3 2-3 = fault between L2 and L3
1-2-3 Fault type/three-phase fault
Flt xIn Max. value of fault current as
compared to In
Load A 1 s mean value of pre-fault phase
currents IL1…IL3
EDly % Elapsed time as compared to the
set operating time, 100% =
tripping
The low-set stage (I>) of the overcurrent unit can be configured for
inverse time characteristic. Four sets of characteristic curves
according to IEC 60255-3 are available for the low-set stage, i.e.:
Normal Inverse (NI), Very Inverse (VI), Extremely Inverse (EI) and
Long Time Inverse (LTI).
Limitations:
1. The maximum measured current is 50 x In. This limits the scope
of inverse curves when the setting is more than 2.5 x In. See
Figure 2.1-1. E.g. at setting 4 x In the maximum setting relative
current is 12.5 x Iset/In although the curves are defined up to 20 x
Iset/In
2. The fastest possible operating time is about 60 ms at inverse time
characteristic according to curve types VI and EI.
Figure 2.2.1-2 Block diagram of the three-phase overcurrent stage I>>.

Figure 2.2.1-3 Normal Inverse (IEC 60255-3) characteristic.
V A M P 2 1 0 O R D E R I N G C O D E
V A M P 2 1 0 - 7
N o m i n a l c u r r e n t [ A ]
1 = 1 A
5 = 5 A
N o m i n a l e a r t h - f a u l t c u r r e n t s I 0 1 & I 0 2 [ A ]
A = 5 A & 5 A
B = 5 A & 1 A
C = 1 A & 5 A
D = 1 A & 1 A
F r e q u e n c y [ H z ]
7 = 5 0 / 6 0 H z
S u p p l y v o l t a g e [ V ]
A = 4 0 . . 2 6 5 V a c / d c
B = 1 8 . . 3 6 V d c
C = 4 0 . . 2 6 5 V a c / d c + A R C P r o t e c t io n
D = 1 8 . . 3 6 V d c + A R C P r o t e c t io n
O p t i o n a l h a r d w a r e
A = N o n e
B = P la s t ic / P la s t ic f ib r e in t e r f a c e
C = P r o f ib u s in t e r f a c e
D = R S 4 8 5 in t e r f a c e
E = G la s s / G la s s O p t ic I n t e r f a c e
F = P la s t ic / G la s s O p t ic I n t e r f a c e
G = G la s s / P la s t ic O p t ic I n t e r f a c e
O p t i o n a l s o f t w a r e
A = N o n e
A c c e s s o r i e s :
O r d e r C o d e E x p l a n a t i o n N o t e
V E A 3 C G E t h e r n e t I n t e r f a c e M o d u le V A M P L t d
V P A 3 C G P r o f ib u s I n t e r f a c e M o d u le V A M P L t d
V M A 3 C G R S 4 8 5 I n t e r f a c e M o d u le V A M P L t d
V X 0 0 3 - 3 P r o g r a m m in g C a b le ( V A M P S e t , V E A 3 C G + 2 0 0 s e r i e ) C a b le le n g t h 3 m
V X 0 0 4 - M 3 T T L / R S 2 3 2 C o n v e r t e r C a b le ( f o r P L C , V E A 3 C G + 2 0 0 s e r ie ) C a b le le n g t h 3 m
V X 0 0 7 - F 3 T T L / R S 2 3 2 C o n v e r t e r C a b le ( f o r V P A 3 C G o r V M A 3 C G ) C a b le le n g t h 3 m
V X 0 1 5 - 3 T T L / R S 2 3 2 C o n v e r t e r C a b le ( f o r 1 0 0 s e r ie + V E A 3 C G ) C a b le le n g t h 3 m
V X 0 0 8 - 4 T T L / R S 2 3 2 C o n v e r t e r C a b le ( f o r M o d e m M D 4 2 , I L P H , . . ) C a b le le n g t h 4 m
V A 1 D A - 6 A r c S e n s o r C a b le le n g t h 6 m
V Y X 0 7 6 R a is in g F r a m e f o r 2 0 0 - s e r ie H e ig h t 4 0 m m
V Y X 0 7 7 R a is in g F r a m e f o r 2 0 0 - s e r ie H e ig h t 6 0 m m
t[s] = Trip time

k = Time multiplier
I = Measured current
I> = I set current

Figure 2.2.1-4 Very Inverse (IEC 60255-3) characteristic.
k
t 13,5
§ I ·
¨ ¸ 1
© I !¹
(See explanation for formula on page 10.)

Figure 2.2.1-5 Extremely Inverse (IEC 60255-3) characteristic.
k
t 80 2
§ I ·
¨ ¸ 1
© I !¹

Figure 2.2.1-6 Long Time Inverse (IEC 60255-3) characteristic.
k
t 120
§ I ·
¨ ¸ 1
© I !¹

2.2.2. Voltage restrained and voltage controlled

overcurrent function (51V)
The voltage restrained overcurrent stage IV> is used for generator
short-circuit protection in applications, where the static excitation
system of the generator is fed from the generator terminals.
In these applications the operation of the overcurrent function must
be secured using a voltage restrained overcurrent function. At close-
by short circuits the fault current rapidly decreases, thus jeopardizing
the operation of the main short-circuit protection. The operation
characteristic of a voltage restrained overcurrent function is shown in
Figure 2.2.2-1.
Figure 2.2.2-1 Characteristics of a voltage restrained overcurrent function IV>.
When the generator pole voltage falls below the set voltage level, the
start current level of the overcurrent stage IV> also starts falling
linearly controlled by the voltage according to the characteristic curve
in Figure 2.2.2-1.
When the setting parameters are selected according to Figure 2.2.2-2
the function is said to be voltage controlled.
Note: The overcurrent function can be used as a normal high-set
overcurrent stage I>>>, if IY1 and IY2 are set to 100%.

Figure 2.2.2-2 Voltage controlled overcurrent characteristics.
The voltage setting parameters UX1 and UX2 are proportional to the
rated voltage of the generator. They define the voltage limits, within
which the start current of the overcurrent unit is restrained. The
multipliers IY1 and IY2 are used for setting the area of change of the
start level of the overcurrent function in proportion to the UX1 and
UX2 settings.
The voltage restrained/controlled overcurrent stage operates with
definite time characteristic. The start current IV> and the operating
time t> can be set by the user.
Parameters of the voltage restrained and voltage controlled
overcurrent stage:
IV> (50/51V)
Measured ILmax A Corresponding primary value
value U1 % Positive phase sequence voltage as
compared to Ugn
Setting values IV > A Setting value in primary current
units
IV > xIn Setting value as compared to the
generator rated current Ign =
Sgn/(Ugn x 3)
t> s Operating time
X1 % Final value of voltage control =
X1% x U1
X2 % Final value of voltage control =
X2% x U1
Y1 %IV> Current start value = Y1% x Iv>
proportional to the voltage X1
Y2 %IV> Current start value = Y2% x Iv>
proportional to the voltage X2


Type 1-N, 2-N, Fault type/single-phase fault e.g.:
3-N 1-N = fault on phase L1
1-2, 2-3, Fault type/two-phase fault e.g.: 2-
1-3 3 = fault between L2 and L3
1-2-3 Fault type/three-phase fault
Flt xIn Max. value of fault current as
compared to In
Load A 1 s mean value of pre-fault phase
currents IL1…IL3
EDly % Elapsed time as compared to the
set operating time, 100% =
tripping
2.2.3. Unbalance protection (46)

The purpose of the unbalanced load protection is to detect
unbalanced load conditions of the generator and to prevent the
generator rotor from excess heat caused by the unbalance. The
operation of the unbalanced load function is based on the negative
phase sequence current I2, which is calculated from the phase currents
using the method of symmetrical components.
The negative phase sequence current is used for the calculation of the
operating time of the function according to the following expression:
K1
t 2
§ I2 ·
¨¨ ¸¸ K 2 2
© IN ¹
where:
t =
operating time [s]
I2 =
negative phase sequence current
IN =
generator rated current
K1 generator constant (I22t value) [s]
=
K2 =
maximum permitted continuous negative
phase sequence current of the generator
The operating time of the unbalanced load unit depends on the
magnitude of the negative phase sequence current, i.e. the greater the
unbalance the shorter the operating time. Figure 2.2.3-1 shows the
characteristic curve of the unbalanced load unit.

When the negative phase sequence current just slightly exceeds the
set start level (K2) the operating time tends to become very long.
Therefore the maximum operating time has been limited to 1000
seconds, although the operating time calculated from the expression
would be longer.
Besides inverse time characteristic the unbalanced load unit can also
be configured for definite time operation characteristic.
Figure 2.2.3-1. Operation characteristic of the unbalanced load unit.
Parameters of the unbalanced load unit:

I2> (46)
Measured I2 % Neg. ph. seq. current as comp. to Ig
value
Setting I2> % Setting value
values t> s Operating time [s]
values TCntr Cumulative start counter
Flt % Maximum fault current
EDly % Elapsed time as compared to the set
operating time, 100% = tripping

2.2.4. Directional earth-fault protection (67N)

The directional earth fault protection is used in networks where a
sensitive earth fault protection is needed and in applications with
varying network structure and length.
Directional earth fault protection gives also extra selectivity in case
the cable capacitance between CT and generator is significant. This
stage uses the input I01 for earth fault current and input U0 for residual
voltage.
For the I0 and U0 measurement the fundamental frequency
components are used. In this case the third harmonic is suppressed
with at least 60 dB, which contributes to the extremely high accuracy
of the earth-fault protection.
The stage starts when the resistive component of the earth fault
current exceeds the setting limit and the measured residual voltage is
more than the corresponding setting value. Figure 2.2.4-2.
If the DI control is selected and DI=0 then the actual operation
characteristic is IoRes and if DI=1 it is IoCap.
i0fiislohko
Isinj
>
Io
& Start
Icosj
Block
& Register
event
Uo
>
t Trip
& Register
event
Choice Setting Setting Delay Enable events

Icosj / Isinj Ij > s Io > s
Figure 2.2.4-1 Block diagram of the directional earth-fault stage I0M>.
Figure 2.2.4-2 Operation characteristic of the directional I0cosM.

Parameters of the directional earth-fault protection:

I0M> (67N)
Measured I0Res or A earth-fault current Io as primary
values I0Cap value, input Io1
U0 % Residual voltage start value in
proportion to the rated voltage UoSec
Char Res or Cap Resistive or capacitive function to be
carried out, see setting value ChCtrl
Setting IM> A Set value as primary value
values IM> pu Residual current start value in
proportion to the rated current Io1n
t> s Operating time
U 0> % Residual voltage start voltage in
proportion to the rated voltage UoSec
ChCtrl Res earthed network, resistive component
(IocosM) of earth-fault current is
measured
Cap Non-earthed network, capacitive
component (IosinM) of earth-fault
current is measured
DI1 – DI6 programmed digital input controls the
Res/Cap selection: 0 = Res, 1 = Cap
Flt pu Max. fault current
EDly Elapsed time as compared to the set
Angle o Phase angle between res. voltage and
current
U0 % Max. residual voltage under fault
condition
2.2.5. Earth fault protection (50N/51N)

The neutral point of a generator is usually connected to ground using
a current limiting impedance. In case this impedance is limiting the
prospective earth fault current significantly lower than short circuit
current, a separate earth fault current protection is needed.
VAMP 210 has four unidirectional earth fault stages and two separate
energizing inputs for earth fault current i.e. I01 and I02. The two first
stages are using input I01, which is normally connected to a cable CT
or inserted to the common return wire of the three phase current CTs.
Connecting two cable CTs on both sides of the generator in series a
differential earth fault protection can be used. This offers a good
selectivity in case the cable capacitance between the two CTs is small.
The other two earth fault current stages use the input I02. Using an
external injection device like VEO-MSV these stages can be used for
rotor earth fault detection.

Figure 2.2.5-1 Block diagram of the earth fault stage I0>.
Figure 2.2.5-2 Block diagram of the earth fault stage I0>>.
Parameters of the earth fault protection:

I0>, I0>> (50N/51N)
Measured I01 A Primary earth-fault current I01
value
Display I0>, I0>> A Setting value I0
Setting I0>, I0>> pu Setting value
values curve DT Definite time
NI, VI, Inverse time (I0>)
EI, LTI
t>, t>> s Operating time at definite time
function
k> Time multiplier at inverse time (I0>)
Flt pu Max. fault value

I02>, I02>> (50N/51N)

Measured I02 A Earth-fault current I02 as primary
value value.
Display I02>, I02>> A Start current in primary units
Setting I02>, I02>> pu Start current value in relation to the
values rated current Io2n
t>, t>> s Operating time at definite time
function
k> Time multiplier at inverse time
Flt pu Max. fault value
2.2.6. Residual voltage protection (59N)

If the generator is connected to the power system via a unit
transformer, the stator earth-fault protection of the generator is
typically realized with a neutral overvoltage function. The neutral
voltage is measured with a voltage transformer connected between
the generator neutral and earth. The neutral voltage function
comprises two overvoltage stages, both with separately adjustable
definite time operation delays.
Parameters of the residual voltage protection:
U0>, U0>> (59N)
Measured U0 % Residual voltage U0
value
Setting U0>, U0>> % Setting value U0>
values t>, t>> s Operating time
Recorded SCntr NA Cumulative start counter
values TCntr NA Cumulative trip counter
Flt % Max. fault value
2.2.7. Overvoltage protection (59)

The three-phase overvoltage protection comprises two stages, U> and
U>>, with separately adjustable operating times.
The function is based on measuring the fundamental frequency
component of the phase-to-phase voltages, of which the highest value
constantly is compared with the set start value of the overvoltage
protection.

ylijsuoja2
MAX
> & Start
ts tr
Block
& Register
event
Trip
t
& Register
event
Setting U>s Delay Enable events
Figure 2.2.7-1 Block diagram of the overvoltage protection.
Parameters of the overvoltage protection:

U>, U>> (59)
Measured UnMax V Maximum values of the primary
value values of the phase-to-phase voltages
Setting U>, U>> % Setting value U0>
values Setting value as compared to
U>, U>> _ %Ugn
generator rated voltage Ugn
t>, t>> s Operating time
Recorded SCntr NA Cumulative start counter
values TCntr NA Cumulative trip counter
Flt % Max. fault value
2.2.8. Undervoltage protection (27/60)

The three-phase undervoltage protection comprises two stages, U1<
and U1<<, with separately adjustable operating times.
The function is based on measuring the fundamental frequency
component of the positive phase sequence voltage, which makes the
protection insensitive to unsymmetrical undervoltages caused by
earth-faults.
The operation of the undervoltage stage can be blocked with an
external control signal obtained via one of the digital inputs, e.g. in a
situation where the secondary voltage of the measuring transformer
disappears. Internal blocking is possible in two special cases:
x When the positive sequence voltage U1 suddenly drops
below block limit value. This is considered as “voltage off”
situation, not as an “under voltage”. The limit setting is
common for both stages.
x When current is less then 1% of the generator nominal
current the stage can be blocked for a given time. This
setting is common for both stages.

alijsuoja2
MAX
> & Start
ts tr
Block
& Register
event
Trip
t
& Register
event
Setting Delay Enable events

U<s
Figure 2.2.8-1 Undervoltage protection
Parameters of the under voltage protection:

U1<, U1<< (27/60)
Measured U1 V Average main voltage
value
Display U1<, U1<< V Setting value
Setting U1<, U1<< V Setting value
values t>, t>> s Operating time [s]
NoComp % Block limit U<
Flt % Fault voltage
2.2.9. Overload protection (49)

The overload function protects the stator winding against thermal
overload. The thermal stress of the stator can be supervised by means
of a thermal image, which can be calculated from the standard
heating expression according to IEC 60255-8:
2
I2 Ip
t W ln
I 2 ( k I gen ) 2
where:
W =
time to trip
I =
generator heating and cooling time constant
ln =
natural logarithm
Ip =
preload current (corresponds to the heating level
reached)
k = factor for allowed continuous overload
IGN = generator rated current
The heating time constant (W and the load current factor (k)
corresponding to the maximum thermal load are adjustable.

The cooling time constant of the thermal overload protection is the

same as the heating time constant.
The thermal overload stage is provided with a separately adjustable
alarm function, the setting range of which is 60...100% of the thermal
trip level.
Figure 2.2.9-1 Overload protection.
Parameters of the overload protection:

T> (49)
Measured Temp % Temperature rise
value
Display T> A Setting value T>
Setting T> k x In Setting value T>
values Alarm % Alarm setting T>
tau min Heating/cooling time constant [min]

2.2.10. Underexcitation protection (40)

The underexcitation protection protects the generator and the power
system against loss of synchronism. When the generator produces
capacitive power, that is when the reactive component of the power
vector is negative, the excitation current can be so low, that the
synchronism is lost.
The measurement of the degree of excitation is based on a complex
three-phase power vector, which is calculated from the fundamental
components of the phase currents and phase-to-phase voltages.
The tripping area of the underexcitation stage in the PQ-plane is set
with the parameters Q1 and Q2, see Figure 2.2.10-1 and Figure
2.2.10-2. When the tip of the power vector lies on the left side of the
P-axis and also to the left of the straight line through Q1 and Q2, the
stage starts. After the set operating time the stage operates, if the fault
situation still persists.
P P-Q-Circle1
100% = Sgen
80%
Q2
Q
Q1
Figure 2.2.10-1 Setting of the underexcitation stage by means of the par-meters Q1 and
Q2.The shaded area constitutes the area of operation. In the above example the operation
depends on both P and Q, because the operating line has an 8°slope (Q1 - Q2 = 11%).

P P-Q-circle2
100% = Sgen
80%
Q2
Q
Q1
Figure 2.2.10-2 Setting of the underexcitation stage by means of the par-meters Q1 and
Q2.The shaded area constitutes the area of operation. In the above example the operation
solely depends on the reactive power, because the operating line is vertical (Q1 - Q2 = 0%).
The P coordinate of the setting point Q1 has a fixed value equal to

zero and the Q coordinate is adjustable.
The P coordinate of the setting point Q2 has a fixed value of 80% of
the rated power of the generator as set by the operator and the Q
coordinate is adjustable.
Parameters of the underexcitation protection:
Q< (40N)
Measured P % Active power as compared to Sgn
value kW Primary value of active power
Q % Reactive power as compared to Sgn
kVar Primary value of reactive power
Setting Q@P0% % Reactive power set value Q1 as
values compared to Sgn, when P = 0%
kW Reactive power set value as primary
value, when P = 0%
Q@P80% % Reactive power set value Q2 as
compared to Sgn, when P = 0%
kVar Reactive power set value as primary
value, when P = 0%
t< s Operating time
Release s Release delay
Flt pu Min. reactive power value in fault
situation as compared to Sgn

2.2.11. Reverse power protection (32R)

The reverse power protection measures the three-phase power of the
generator and it protects the prime mover of the generator, should the
generator start motoring attempting to feed power to the prime
mover. Some prime movers are liable to damage in these situations
and therefore the reverse power protection system must be sensitive
enough and adjustable, to be able to detect even low reverse power
situations.
The reverse power protection is provided with two adjustable reverse
power stages with separately adjustable limit values and operating
times.
Parameters of the reverse power protection:
P<, P<< (32)
Measured P kW Primary value of active power
value
Setting P<, P<< kW Primary value of set value
values P<, P<< %Pm Setting value as compared to the
rated shaft power Pm
t<, t<< s Operating time
Flt % Max. value of reverse power as
compared to Pm
2.2.12. Overfrequency protection (81H)

The overfrequency protection operates when the generator frequency
exceeds the set start value, e.g. due to a sudden loss of load, for
instance when a power plant is islanding. The frequency may also rise
due to a fault in the generator excitation system.
The resolution of the frequency measurement is 0.01 Hz and the
overfrequency protection has two adjustable frequency stages.
Figure 2.2.12-1 Block diagram of the overfrequency protection.

Parameters of the overfrequency protection:

f>, f>> (81)
Measured f Hz Frequency
value
Setting f>, f>> Hz Frequency as primary value
values t>, t>> s Operating time
Flt % Max. frequency under a fault
situation
2.2.13. Underfrequency protection (81L)

The underfrequency stage comprises two independent adjustable
stages. The setting resolution of both stages is 0.01 Hz and both
stages have their own operate time settings with definite time
characteristic.
The relay starts, if the actual value for the frequency goes below the
setting value. If the underfrequency situation continues after the start
time has elapsed, the relay trips.
Figure 2.2.13-1 Block diagram of the underfrequency protection.
The operation of the underfrequency stages can be blocked by other

stages or digital inputs via block matrix. The two stages have also a
common undervoltage block limit.

Parameters of the underfrequency protection:

f<, f<< (81)
Measured f Hz Frequency
value
Setting f<, f<< Hz Frequency as primary value
values t<, t<< s Operating time
Ublock %Ugn Setting of the undervoltage blocking
in % of Ugn
Flt % Min. frequency under a fault
situation
2.2.14. Circuit-breaker failure protection (50BF)

The operation of the circuit-breaker failure protection is based on the
supervision of the operating time, from the pick-up of the configured
trip relay to the dropout of the same relay. If that time is longer than
the operating time of the CBFP stage, the CBFP stage activates
another output relay, which will remain activated, until the primary
trip relay resets.
The CBFP stage operates overcurrent and earth fault situations,
because its function is merely based on supervision of the control of
the output relay.
Parameters of the circuit-breaker failure protection:
CBFP (50BF)
Setting CBRel Output relay to be supervised
values t> s Operating time
Recorded SCntr Cumulative start counter, only
values selected ArcCn arc activations
TCntr Cumulative trip counter
operating time, 100%=tripping

2.2.15. Arc fault protection (option) ArcI> (51 L>),

ArcI0> (51N L>), ArcI02> (51N L>)
The arc fault protection has been realized with an arc sensor (or
sensors) and an extremely fast overcurrent function Iarc and Ioarc
using the arc optional card.
The arc protection unit operates, when the arc sensor detects an arc
fault or the binary input (BI) of the arc option card is activated and
the fast overcurrent stage ArcI> measures overcurrent
simultaneously.
The earth-fault arc protection unit operates, when the arc sensor
detects an arc fault or the binary input (BI) of the arc option card is
activated and the earth-fault function ArcIo> measures earth-fault
simultaneously.
The sensor connections (S1, S2) and binary input (BI) can be set,
individually or any combination of these, to operate the ArcI> and
ArcIo> protection stages.
The operating time of the arc protection stages are approximately 15
ms.
The sensor connections and binary input can be set to activate the
binary output (BO) in the output matrix, DO menu. The binary
output can be used to forward light information to another relay, e.g.
VAMP 140. The binary output can be connected to a maximum of
three binary inputs of another relay.
Iarcset
Start
Register
& events
Im1
Im2
Im3
MAX > & Trip
L>
Register
& events
Setting Enable events

arcI>s
Figure 2.2.15-1 Block diagram of the arc protection stage.
In the above figure the symbol of the starting of the arc sensor is ’L>’
and ’Iarc’ of the fast overcurrent stage.

Parameters of the arc protection:

ArcI>
Setting ArcI> pu Setting value as per times In
values ArcCn Arc sensor connection: L1, L2, BI,
L1/L2, L1/BI, L2/BI, L1/L2/BI
Recorded LCntr Cumulative start counter, all arc
values activations
SCntr Cumulative start counter, only selected
ArcCn arc activations
Flt % Maximum value of fault current as per
times In
ArcI0>, ArcI02>
Setting ArcI0>, pu Setting value as per times I0n
values ArcI02>
ArcCn Arc sensor connection: L1, L2, BI,
L1/L2, L1/BI, L2/BI, L1/L2/BI
Recorded LCntr Cumulative start counter, all arc
values activations
SCntr Cumulative start counter, only
selected ArcCn arc activations
Flt % Max. fault current
2.3. Measurement functions of the relay

All measurements, except frequency, are based on fundamental
frequency values. They are not RMS values.
Phase currents IL1, IL2, IL3
Measuring range 0 - 50 x In In = 1 A or 5 A
Residual currents I01, I02

Measuring range 0 - 5 x In In = 1 A or 5 A
Phase-to-phase voltages U12, U23, U31

Measuring range 0 - 175 V ac
Residual voltage U0
Measuring range 0 - 175 V ac
Frequency f
Measuring range 16 - 75 Hz
Reverse power factor P.F.

Measuring range 0...+1 inductive -1...0 capacitive
Apparent power S
Measuring range 0... ±2 x SN (SN = IN * UN * 3)

Active power P
Measuring range 0... ±2 x SN
Reactive power Q
Measuring range 0... ±2 x SN
2.4. Output relay and blocking functions

In the generator protection relay VAMP 210 all start and trip signals
of the protection stages can be freely routed to the output relays and
operation indicators according to the requirements of the application.
The functions can also be blocked and for this purpose both internal
relay signals and external control signals can be used. Figure 2.4-1
shows the operating principle of the grouping and blocking matrices.
Figure 2.4-1 Operating principle of the grouping and blocking matrices.
2.4.1. Output relay matrix

By means of the relay matrix the output signals of the various
protection stages can be combined with the trip relay T1 and T2,
alarm relays A1...A5 and the operation indicator L1 (Alarm) and L2
(Trip).
When a connection is made, two functions can be selected, the signal
follower function (•) or the latching function (o), see Figure 2.4-1.
The "Reset all Latches" signal resets all latched output relays and
operation indicators. The reset signal can be given via a digital input,

the keypad or the serial port. If the reset signal is to be given via one
of the digital inputs DI1...DI6, the Remote Release (“RemRel”) input
must be configured for that purpose.
2.4.2. Blocking matrix

By means of the block matrix the operation of a protection stage can
be blocked. During blocking, a stage will not start or if already started
the delay counter is halted, thus preventing tripping. The blocking
signal can originate from the digital inputs DI1…DI6, or it can be a
start or trip signal from a protection stage. In Figure 2.4-1 blocking
connection is indicated with a black dot (•) in the crossing point of a
blocking signal and a signal to be blocked.
2.5. Communication
2.5.1. PC port
The PC port is used for on-site parameterization of the relay, for
downloading of the program and for reading relay parameters to a
PC.
For connection to a PC, one RS 232 serial port is available on the
front panel of the relay. Any connection to the port is done with the
connection cable type VX 003.
2.5.2. Remote control connection

The relay can be connected to higher level systems, e.g. network
control systems via the serial port named REMOTE on the rear
panel. To the port a SPA-Bus, ModBus, ProfiBus or IEC-103
connection can be made using a special internal or external bus
connection module. The bus type selection and the parameterization
of the bus are carried out as the relay is configured.
Optional accessories are available for RS 485 connection (VMA 3
CG), Ethernet connection over TCP/IP protocol (VEA 3 CG) and
ProfiBus connection (VPA 3CG). Please see the corresponding
documentation for more details.
Standards Option modules
interface
Internal Internal Internal External
Ethernet:
RS 232: VEA3CG +
Plastic or
Protocol VX004-M3 RS 485: ProfiBus: VX003 +
Glass
or VX008-4 (VX004-
M3)
ModBus X X X
SPA-Bus X X X

ProfiBus X
IEC-60870-5-
X X X
103
ModBus/
X
TCP
Transparent
X
TCP/IP
2.6. Disturbance recorder

The disturbance recorder can be used to record all measured signals
i.e. currents and voltages, status information of digital inputs (DI) and
digital outputs (DO). The digital inputs include also the Arc light
information. The digital outputs include the Arc binary output
information (BO).
Recorder capacity is 48 000 bytes. There can be a maximum of 5
recordings and the maximum selection of channels in one recording
is 12 (limited in waveform recording).
The recorder can be triggered by any protection stage start or trip
signal. The trig signal is selected in the output matrix. The recording
can also be triggered manually.
When recording is made also the time stamp will be memorized.
The recordings can be viewed by VAMPSET program. The recording
is in COMTRADE format so also other programs can be used to
view the recordings.
For more detailed information, see separate Disturbance Recorder
manual VMDR.EN0xx.
Available links
The following channels can be linked to Disturbance Recorder:
x IL1, IL2, IL3, IL, Io, Io2, I2/I1
x U12, U23, U31, UL1, UL2, UL3
x U1, U2/U1, Uo
x Uphase, Uline
x f
x P, Q, S, PF
x cosM
x DI, DO

Parameters of the Disturbance Recorder

Setting Mode Mode of the recording
values Rate Sample rate
Time s Recording time
PreTrig % Pre-trigger time
MnlTrig Manual trig
Size Size of one recording
MAX time s Maximum time of recordings
MAX size Maximum size of recordings
Recorder Links Connected links
links AddLink Add links
ClrLnks Clear links
Recorded Status Status of the recorder
values Time status % Status of the pre-triggering
ReadyRec Number of ready records
2.7. Self-supervision
The functions of the micro controller and the associated circuitry as
well as the program execution are supervised by means of a separate
watchdog circuit. Besides supervising the relay the watchdog circuit
attempts to restart the micro controller in a fault situation. If the
restarting fails the watchdog issues a self-supervision alarm because of
a permanent relay fault.
When the watchdog circuit detects a permanent fault it always blocks
any control of the other output relays, except for the self-supervision
output relay.
Also the internal supply voltage is supervised. Should the auxiliary
supply of the relay disappear, an IF alarm is automatically given,
because the IF output relay is normally always energized when the
auxiliary supply is on and within the permitted range.

3. Applications
The VAMP 210 generator protection relay comprises all the essential
protection functions needed for a generator, except the differential
protection function.
Thanks to the comprehensive range of protection functions the
generator protection relay can be used as the main protection for a
variety of generators from small diesel power plants to large hydro
power plants in the power range from 1 to 100 MW.
Especially versatile and flexible protection functions are provided for
the generator earth-fault protection. These features are needed, when
for instance, several generators are connected in parallel to the same
busbar but their earthing principles differ.
The other energizing connections, except for the ones for the earth-
fault protection, are independent of the generator size and type. For
large generator a higher accuracy of the protection functions is
needed. Being based on numerical signal processing and high-
resolution A/D conversion the VAMP 210 generator protection relay
fulfils also these requirements.
The three generator protection applications on the following pages
illustrate how the flexibility of the VAMP 210 generator protection
relay can be utilized.

3.1. Directly connected generator

L1
L2
L3 vamp210appl_1
L1 L2 L3
X3
VAMP 210
17 ~ Protection function X4
18
3I> U> X5
X1
1 3I>> U>>
X3
2 IL1
P> U< A1 9
3 11
10
4 IL2 P>> U<<
T2 12
5
VEO-MSV IL3 I0> I0 ,U0> 13
6
230V~ T1 14
7 I0>> I0,U0>>
15
8
I01
G 9
I02
I2> F>
A5
X2
5
10
6
11 A4 7
U12 X< f>
12
8
f<
13
f<< A3 10
U23 X<<
14 11
12
17 A2 13
U0 Blocking and 14
18
output matrix 15
IF 16
+48 V DC X3 17
1 18
2
Digital 3
4
inputs 5
6
7
Figure 3.1-1 Generator connected directly to the distribution busbar. Earthed generator
neutral.
The generator protection relay VPG 210 is suitable for use in directly
earthed and high/low resistance earthed systems. The differential and
directional earth-fault protection provides a sensitive and selective
protection solution in high resistance earthed systems.
In directly earthed or low resistance earthed systems the non-
directional earth-fault stage constitutes a sufficiently selective earth-
fault protection when energized from two current transformers
forming a differential current connection.
The rotor earth-fault protection can be realized with the non-
directional earth-fault stage using the energizing current input I02 in
combination with a current injection device, e.g. type VEO-MSV.

3.2. Directly connected generator with

unearthed generator neutral
L1
L2
vamp210appl_2
L3
L1 L2 L3
X3
VAMP 210
18
3I> U> X5
X1
1 3I>> U>>
X3
2 IL1
P> U< A1 9
3 11
10
4 IL2 P>> U<<
T2 12
5
IL3 I0> I0 ,U0> 13
6
T1 14
7 I0>> I0,U0>>
15
8
I01
G 9
I02
I2> F>
A5
X2
5
10
6
11 A4 7
U12 X< f>
12
8
f<
13
f<< A3 10
U23 X<<
14 11
12
17 A2 13
U0 Blocking and 14
18
output matrix 15
IF 16
+48 V DC X3 17
1 18
2
Digital 3
4
inputs 5
6
7
Figure 3.2-1 Generator connected directly to the distribution busbar. Unearthed generator
neutral.
The neutral point of the generator winding is unearthed. The busbar

system is earthed via a separate earthing transformer. In this case the
earth-fault protection principle is straight-forward. It is simply based
on the measurement of the earth-fault current (I01) between the
generator and the distribution busbars.

3.3. Generator-transformer unit

L1
L2
L3 vamp210appl_3
L1 L2 L3
A a L1
B b
A a L2
B b L3 X3
VAMP 210
18
3I> U> X5
X1
1 3I>> U>>
X3
2 IL1
P> U< A1 9
B 3 11
10
A C
4 IL2 P>> U<<
T2 12
5
IL3 I0> I0 ,U0> 13
6
a c T1 14
b 7 I0>> I0,U0>>
15
8
I01
9 I2> F> X2
I02 A5 5
10
6
G 11
12
U12 X< f>
A4 7
8
f<
13
f<< A3 10
U23 X<<
14 11
12
17 A2 13
U0 Blocking and 14
18
output matrix 15
IF 16
+48 V DC X3 17
1 18
2
Digital 3
4
inputs 5
6
7
Figure 3.3-1 Generator-transformer unit
Besides the typical generator protection functions the VPG 210 relay
includes the transformer earth-fault protection. Whatever phase
difference and voltage ratio of the transformer can be compensated in
the relay in case VTs and CTs are on different sides of the unit
transformer.
The earth-fault protection of the transformer is based on an OR-
function between the current inputs I01 and I02.
The stator earth-fault protection (reach 95%) is based on measuring
the fundamental frequency component of the residual voltage U0 with
the overvoltage stage (59GN).
Via the digital inputs of the relay various signals can be transferred
into the relay, such as information about the operation of a MCB in
the measuring circuit or circuit-breaker status information.

3.4. Trip circuit supervision

Trip circuit supervision is used to ensure that the wiring from the
protective relay to the circuit breaker is in order. This circuit is most
of the time unused, but when the protection relay detects a fault in the
network it is too late to notice that the circuit breaker cannot be
tripped because of a broken trip circuitry.
A digital input of the relay can be used for trip circuit monitoring.
x The digital input is connected to an auxiliary miniature
relay, which is connected parallel with the trip contacts
(Figure 3.4-1).
x A resistor module VR11CB enables supervision also when
the circuit breaker is open. The module consists of a resistor
for 110 Vdc and is connected according the auxiliary
voltage.
x The digital input is configured as Normal Closed (NC).
x The digital input delay is configured longer than maximum
fault time to inhibit any superfluous trip circuit fault alarm
when the trip contact is closed.
x The trip relay should be configured as non-latched.
Otherwise a superfluous trip circuit fault alarm will follow
after the trip contact operates and remains closed because of
latching.
Figure 3.4-1. Trip circuit supervision when the circuit-breaker is closed. The supervised
circuitry in this CB position is double-lined. The digital input is in active state. The value for
R1 in this application is 3k3 and 2W. These can be calculated from the resistance and voltage
operating range of the coil of K1 and the tolerance of the wetting voltage.

Figure 3.4-2. Trip circuit supervision when the circuit-breaker is open. The supervised
circuitry in this CB position is doubled-lined. The value for R1 in this application is 3k3 and
2W. These can be calculated from the resistance and voltage operating range of the coil of K1
and the tolerance of the wetting voltage.

4. Connections
X3 X6 X2 X1
1 1 1
2 2 2
1 2 IL1
3 3 3 IL1
4 4 4
3 4 IL2
REMOTE
IL2
(TTL)
5 5 5
X5 6 IL3
6 6 6 IL3 5
7 7 7 8 I0
I0 7
8 8
9 9 I02 9 10 I02
10 10 12 U12
U12 11
11 11
12 12 U23 13 14 U23
(RS-232)
LOCAL
13 13
X4 15 16
14 14
40..265V
18 U0
AC/DC
15 15 U0 17
16 16
19 20
17 17
18 18
VYX060A
Figure 4-1 Connections on the rear panel of the relay.
The generator protection relay is connected to the protected object

through the following measuring and control connections, see Figure
4-1:
x Phase currents IL1, IL2 and IL3 (terminals X1: 1-6)
x Residual currents I01 and I02 (terminals X1: 7-10)
x Phase-to-phase voltages U12 and U23 (terminals X1: 11-14)
x Residual voltage U0 (terminals X1: 17-18)
4.1. Digital inputs

Further the generator protection relay can collect status information
and alarm signals via six digital inputs (terminals X3: 2-7).
The digital inputs can be used to:
x Block protection stages under certain conditions.
x Get time stamped event code from any auxiliary contact.
x Control the output relays.
x Supervise the trip circuit.
The digital uses the internal 48 V dc auxiliary voltage of the relay
(terminal X3: 1). Potential-free contacts must be available in the
protected object for transfer of status information to the relay.

4.2. Auxiliary voltage

The external auxiliary voltage Uaux (standard 40…265 V ac or dc)
for the relay is connected to the terminals X3: 17-18.
Note!
Polarity of the auxiliary voltage Uaux (24 V dc, option B):
- = X3:17 and + = X3:18.
4.3. Output relays

The generator protection relay is equipped with seven configurable
output relays and a separate output relay for the self-supervision
system, see Figure 4-1:
x Trip relays T1 and T2 (terminals X3: 12-13 and 14-15)
x Alarm relays A1 - A5 (terminals X2: 5-6, 7-8, 10-12, 13-15 and
X3: 9-11)
x Self-supervision system output relay IF (terminals X2: 16-18)
4.4. Serial communication connection

x RS 232 serial communication connection for computers,
connector LOCAL (RS 232), connectors on front panel and rear
panel connected in parallel, see Figure 4-1.
x Remote control connection, connector REMOTE (TTL) on the
rear panel of the relay, see Figure 4-1.
4.5. Arc Protection

The optional arc protection card includes two arc sensor channels.
The arc sensors are connected to terminals X6: 4-5 and 6-7.
The arc information can be transmitted and/or received through the
digital input and output channels. This is a 48 Vdc signal.
Connections:
X6: 1 Digital input (BI)
X6: 2 Digital output (BO)
X6: 3 GND
X6: 4-5 Sensor 1
X6: 6-7 Sensor 2
The GND must be connected together between the GND of the
connected devices.

4.6. Block diagram
Figure 4.6-1 Block diagram of the generator protection relay VAMP 210.

4.7. Connection diagram
Figure 4.7-1. VAMP 210 connection diagram

5. Technical data
5.1. Connections
5.1.1. Measuring circuitry
Rated current In 1 A or 5 A
- Current measuring range 0 - 50 x In
- Thermal withstand 4 x In (continuously)
20 x In (for 10 s)
100 x In (for 1 s)
- Burden < 0.1 VA (In = 1 A)
< 0.2 VA (In = 5 A)
Rated voltage Un 50 - 120 V (configurable)
- Voltage measuring range 0 - 175 V (100 V/110 V)
- Continuous voltage withstand 250 V
- Burden < 0.5V A
Rated frequency fn 45 - 65 Hz
- Frequency measuring range 16 - 75 Hz
Terminal block: Max. wire dimension:
- Solid or stranded wire 4 mm2 (10-12 AWG)
5.1.2. Auxiliary voltage

Type A (standard) Type B (option)
Rated voltage Uaux 40 - 265 V ac/dc 18...36 V dc
110/120/220/240 V ac 24 V dc
48/60/110/125/220 V dc
Power consumption < 7 W (normal conditions)
< 15 W (output relays activated)
Max. permitted interruption time < 50 ms (110 V dc)
- Phoenix MVSTBW or equivalent 2.5 mm2 (13-14 AWG)
5.1.3. Digital inputs

Number of inputs 6
Operation time 0.00 – 60.00 s (step 0.01 s)
Polarity NO (normal open) or NC (normal closed)
Inaccuracy:
- Operate time ±1% or ±10 ms
Internal operating voltage 48 V dc
Current drain when active (max.) Approx. 20 mA
Current drain, average value < 1 mA

5.1.4. Trip contacts (T1 and T2)

Number of contacts 2 making contacts
Rated voltage 250 V ac/dc
Continuous carry 5A
Max. making current 15 A
Breaking capacity, AC 2 000 VA
Breaking capacity, DC (L/R=40ms) 50 W
Contact material AgNi 90/10
5.1.5. Alarm contacts (A1 - A5) and IF

Number of contacts: 3 change-over contacts (relays A1, A2 and A3)
2 making contacts (relays A4 and A5)
1 change-over contact (IF relay)
Rated voltage 250 V ac/dc
Max. make current 15 A
Continuous carry 5A
Breaking capacity, AC 2 000 VA
Contact material AgNi 0.15 goldplated
Terminal block Max. wire dimension
5.1.6. Local serial communication port

Number of ports 1 on front and 1 on rear panel
Electrical connection RS 232
Data transfer rate 2 400 - 38 400 kb/s
5.1.7. Remote control connection

Number of ports 1 on rear panel
Electrical connection TTL (standard)
RS 485 (option)
RS 232 (option)
Plastic fibre connection (option)
Data transfer rate 1 200 - 38 400 kb/s
Protocols ModBus‚, RTU master
ModBus‚, RTU slave
SpaBus, slave
IEC-60870-5-103
Profibus DP (option)
TCP/IP (option)

5.2. Tests and environmental conditions

5.2.1. Disturbance tests (EN 50263)
Emission
- Conducted (EN 55022) 0.15 - 30 MHz
- Emitted (EN 55022) 30 - 1 000 MHz
Immunity
- Static discharge (ESD) EN 61000-4-2, class III
6 kV contact discharge
8 kV air discharge
- Fast transients (EFT) EN 61000-4-4, class III
2 kV, 5/50 ns, 5 kHz, +/-
- Surge EN 61000-4-5, class III
1 kV, 1.2/50 Ps, common mode
2 kV, 1.2/50 Ps, differential mode
- Conducted RF field EN 61000-4-6
0.15 - 80 MHz, 10 V/m, 80% AM (1 kHz)
- Emitted RF field EN 61000-4-3
80 - 1000 MHz, 10 V/m, 80% AM (1 kHz)
- GSM test EN 61000-4-3
900 MHz, 10 V/m, pulse modulated
1 MHz burst IEC 60255-22-1
1 kV, differential mode
2,5 kV, common mode
Voltage interruption IEC 60255-11
5.2.2. Test voltages

Insulation test voltage 2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min
(IEC 60255-5)
Surge voltage (IEC 60255-5) 5 kV, 1.2/50 Ps, 0.5 J
5.2.3. Mechanical tests

Vibration (IEC 60255-21-1) 10...60 Hz, amplitude ±0.035 mm
60...150 Hz, acceleration 0.5g
sweep rate 1 octave/min
20 periods in X-, Y- and Z axis direction
Shock (IEC 60255-21-1) half sine, acceleration 5 g, duration 11 ms
3 shocks in X-, Y- and Z axis direction
5.2.4. Environmental conditions

Operating temperature 0 to +55°C
Transport and storage temperature -40 to +70°C
Relative humidity < 75% (1 year, average value)
< 90% (30 days per year, no condensation
permitted)

5.2.5. Casing
Degree of protection (IEC 60529) IP20
Dimensions (W x H x D) 208 x 155 x 225 mm
Material 1 mm steel plate
Weight 4.2 kg
Color code RAL 7032 (Casing) / RAL 7035 (Back plate)
5.2.6. Package
Dimensions (W x H x D) 215 * 160 * 275
Weight (Relay, Package and Manual) 5.2 kg
5.3. Protection stages

5.3.1. Overcurrent protection stages
Overcurrent stage I> (50/51)
Setting range 0.10 – 4.00 x Ign
Definite time function:
- Operating time 0.08 – 300.00 s (step 0.02 s)**
IDMT function:
- 4 curve groups (IEC 60255-3) EI, VI, NI, LTI *)
- Time multiplier Tp 0.05 – 3.20
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.97
Inaccuracy:
- Starting ±2% of set value
- Operate time at definite time function ±1% or ±30 ms
- Operate time at IDMT function ±5% or at least ±30 ms (I< 50 x In and I< Iset *20)
*) EI = Extremely Inverse, NI = Normal Inverse, VI = Very Inverse, LTI = Long Time Inverse
**) This is the instantaneous time i.e. the minimum total operational time including the fault detection
time and operation time of the trip contacts.
Overcurrent stage I>> (50/51)

Setting range 0.10 – 20.00 x Ign
- Operating time 0.04 – 300.00 s (step 0.01 s)*
Start time <30 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.97
Inaccuracy:
*) This is the instantaneous time i.e. the minimum total operational time including the fault detection

Voltage restrained overcurrent stage IV> (51V)

Settings:
- I V> 0.50 – 4.00 x Ign
- UX1, UX2 0 – 150 %
- IY1, IY2 0 – 200 %IV>
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.97
Inaccuracy:
Unbalance stage I2> (46)

Multiplier K2 2 – 30 %
- Operate time 1.0 – 600.0 s (step 0.1 s)
IDMT function:
- Time multiplier k1 1 – 40 s
Start time <300 ms
Reset time <300 ms
Reset ratio 0.95
Inaccuracy:
- Starting ±3% units or 0.5% of rated value
- Operating time ±5% or ±300 ms
5.3.2. Earth-fault protection stages

Earth fault stage I0> (50N/51N)
Setting range 0.005 - 1.000 pu
- Operating time 0.08 – 300.00 s (step 0.02 s)**
IDMT function:
- 4 curve groups (IEC 60255-3) EI, VI, NI, LTI *)
- Time multiplier k 0.05 - 3.20
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.97
Inaccuracy:
- Starting ±2% of set value or ±0.3% of rated value
- Operating time at definite time function ±1% or ±30 ms
- Operating time at IDMT function. ±5% or at least ±30 ms (I< 5 x In and I< Iset *20)
*) EI = Extremely Inverse, NI = Normal Inverse, VI = Very Inverse, LTI = Long Time Inverse
Earth fault stage I0>> (50N/51N)

Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.97

Inaccuracy:
Earth fault stages I02>, I02>> (50N/51N)

Setting range:
0.005 – 2.000 pu, for I02>
0.01 – 2.00 pu, for I02>>
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.97
Inaccuracy:
Directional earth fault stage I0M (67N)

Residual current setting range 0.01 – 1.00 pu
Residual voltage setting range 1 – 20%
Operating principle I0cosM/ I0sinM
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.95
Inaccuracy:
Residual voltage stages U0> and U0>> (59N)

Residual voltage setting range 1 - 60 %
- Operating time 0.3 – 300.0 s (step 0.1 s)
Start time <300 ms
Reset time <300 ms
Reset ratio 0.97
Inaccuracy:
5.3.3. Voltage protection stages

Overvoltage stages U> and U>> (59)
Setting range 50 – 150% x Ugn
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.97
Inaccuracy:


Undervoltage stage U1< (27)

Function based on the measurement of the
positive phase sequence voltage
Undervoltage blocking 2 – 80% x Ugn (common with U1<<)
- Blocking time, when I< 1% x Ign 0 – 30 s (common with U1<<)
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 1.03
Inaccuracy:
- Starting ±3% of set value or 0.5% of the rated value
Undervoltage stage U1<< (27/60)

Function based on the measurement of the
positive phase sequence voltage
Undervoltage blocking 2 – 80% x Ugn (common with U1<)
- Blocking time, when I< 1% x Ign 0 – 30 s (common with U1<)
Start time <30 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 1.03
Inaccuracy:
5.3.4. Power protection stages

Thermal overload stage T> (49)
Settings:
- Time constant W 2 – 60 min
- Max. allowed continuous load current k x
In (^4trip = thermal trip level) 0.80 – 1.20 x In
- Heating alarm level 4alarm 60 – 99% x 4trip
Underexcitation stage Q< (40)

Settings:
- Q1 and Q2 0 – -100% x Sgn
Start time <60 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 1.03 (x Sgn)
Inaccuracy:


Reverse power stages P< and P<< (32)

Setting range:
-0.5 – -20-0% x Pm, for P<
-1 – 20% x Pm, for P<<
- Operating time 0.3 – 300.0 s (step 0.1 s)
Start time <300 ms
Reset time <300 ms
Reset ratio 1.05
Inaccuracy:
5.3.5. Frequency protection stages

Overfrequency stages f> and f>> (81H)
Setting range 46 – 70 Hz
Undervoltage interlocking 2 - 100% x Ugn (Common for both stages)
Start time <80 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 0.998
Inaccuracy:
- Starting ±20 mHz
Underfrequency stages f> and f>> (81L)

Setting range 40 – 64 Hz
Undervoltage interlocking 2 - 100% x Ugn (Common for both stages)
Start time <80 ms
Reset time <60 ms
Reset ratio 1.002
Inaccuracy:
- Starting ±20 mHz
5.3.6. Circuit breaker failure protection stage

Circuit breaker failure protection CBFP (50BF)
Relay to be supervised T1 or T2
Inaccuracy:
- Operating time ±100 ms

5.3.7. Arc fault protection stages (option)

The operation of the arc protection depends on the setting value of the ArcI>
current limit. The current limit cannot be set, unless the relay is provided with the
optional arc protection card.
Arc protection stage ArcI> (50AR)

Arc sensor connection S1, S2, S1/S2, BI, S1/BI,
S2/BI, S1/S2/BI
Operating time ~15 ms
Arc protection stages ArcI0>, ArcI02> (50AR)

Arc sensor connection S1, S2, S1/S2, BI, S1/BI,
S2/BI, S1/S2/BI
Operating time ~15 ms
5.4. Disturbance Recorder (DR)

The operation of Disturbance recorder depends on the following settings. The
recording time and number of records depend on the time setting and number of
selected channels.
Disturbance recorder (DR)

Mode of recording: Saturated / Overflow
Sample rate:
- Waveform recording 32/cycle, 16/cycle, 8/cycle
- Trend curve recording 10, 20, 200 ms
1, 5, 10, 15, 30 s
1 min
Recording time (one record) 0.1 s – 12 000 min
(must be shorter than MAX time)
Pre trigger rate 0 – 100%
Number of selected channels 0 – 12

6. Construction
6.1. Dimensional drawing
208.0 28.0 181.
155.0
137.0
190.0
193.0
139.0
PANEL
CUT-OUT
1.0-10.0
Figure 6.1-1 Dimensional drawing and panel cutout dimensions.

6.2. Panel mounting
Figure 6.2-1 Flush-mounting of protection relay in panel.
6.3. Semi-flush mounting

21.0 28.0 181.0 27.0
137.0
b a
P200_semi-flush
Figure 6.3-1 Semi-flush mounting of protection relay
Depth with raising frames

Type designation a b
VYX076 40 mm 169.0 mm
VYX077 60 mm 149.0 mm

7. Order information
When ordering, please, state:
Type designation: VAMP 210
Quantity:
Auxiliary voltage:
Rated current:
Rated earth fault current:
Options:
VAMP 210 ORDERING CODE
VAMP 210 - 7
Nominal current [A]

1 = 1A
5 = 5A
Nominal earth-fault currents I01 & I02 [A]

A = 5A & 5A
B = 5A & 1A
C = 1A & 5A
D = 1A & 1A
Frequency [Hz]
7 = 50/60Hz
Supply voltage [V]

A = 40.. 265Vac/dc
B = 18.. 36Vdc
C = 40.. 265Vac/dc + ARC Protection
D = 18.. 36Vdc + ARC Protection
Optional hardware
A = None
B = Plastic/Plastic fibre interface
C = Profibus interface
D = RS 485 interface
E = Glass/Glass Optic Interface
F = Plastic/Glass Optic Interface
G = Glass/Plastic Optic Interface
Optional software
A = None
Accessories :
Order Code Explanation Note
VEA 3 CG Ethernet Interface Module VAMP Ltd

VPA 3 CG Profibus Interface Module VAMP Ltd
VMA 3 CG RS485 Interface Module VAMP Ltd
VX003-3 Programming Cable (VAMPSet, VEA 3 CG+200serie) Cable length 3m

VX004-M3 TTL/RS232 Converter Cable (for PLC, VEA3CG+200serie ) Cable length 3m
VX007-F3 TTL/RS232 Converter Cable (for VPA 3 CG or VMA 3 CG) Cable length 3m
VX015-3 TTL/RS232 Converter Cable (for 100serie+VEA3CG) Cable length 3m
VX008-4 TTL/RS232 Converter Cable ( for Modem MD42, ILPH, ..) Cable length 4m
VA 1 DA-6 Arc Sensor Cable length 6m
VYX076 Raising Frame for 200-serie Height 40mm

VYX077 Raising Frame for 200-serie Height 60mm


8. Reference information
Documentation:
Mounting and Commissioning Instructions VMMC.EN0xx
VAMPSET User’s Manual VMV.EN0xx
Manufacturer data:
VAMP Ltd
P.O.Box 5
FIN-65381 Vaasa, Finland
Visiting address: Runsorintie 7
Phone: +358 (0)6-2121 100
Fax: +358 (0)6-2121 105
24h support: +358 40 5736 316
Email: vamp@vamp.fi
URL: http://www.vamp.fi
Service:
VAMP Ltd
P.O.Box 5
FIN-65381 Vaasa, Finland
Visiting address: Runsorintie 7
Phone: +358 (0)6-2121 100
Fax: +358 (0)6-2121 105
24h support: +358 40 5736 316
Email: vamp@vamp.fi
URL: http://www.vamp.fi


We reserve the rights to changes without prior notice
VAMP Ltd Street address: Runsorintie 7 Phone: +358 6 212 1100

Post address: Fax: +358 6 212 1105
P.O 5, FIN 65381 Vaasa, Internet: www.vamp.fi
Finland Email: vamp@vamp.fi
VM210.EN004

VM210EN

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VAMP 210

Generator protection relay

Operation and configuration

2 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

VM210.EN004 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 3

1.1. Relay features

4 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

1.2. Operating safety

Carefully read through the relay operation instructions before any

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2.2. Relay front panel

Figure 2.2-1 Relay front panel.

1. LCD dot matrix display

6 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

1. Main menu column

2.2.2. Key pad

Figure 2.2.2-1 The keys on the key pad.

VM210.EN004 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 7

1. Enter and confirmation key (ENTER)

Figure 2.2.3-1 Operation indicators of the relay.

Relay operation indicators

8 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

3. Local panel operations

3.1. Navigation in the menus

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6. Push the INFO key to obtain additional information about any

3.1.1. Function menu table

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VM210.EN004 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 11

12 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

VM210.EN004 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 13

14 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

3.1.2. Basic menu structure of protection functions

SET I> (several SET menus possible):

I> event mask:

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3.2. Operating levels

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3.2.1. Opening operating levels

3.2.2. Changing passwords

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4.1. Measured data

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4.2. Operation indicators

Resetting latched indicators and output relays

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4.3. Reading event register

Figure 4.3-1 Event register, example.

4.4. Forced control (Force)

Pick RELAY OUTPUTS 1

4. Push the ENTER key.

20 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

7. Push the ENTER key to confirm the selection. Signal T1 can be

4.5. Setting range limits

Info SET I> 51

2. Push the CANCEL key to return to the setting mode.

4.6. Adjusting display contrast

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5. Configuration and parameter

5.1. Principle of parameter setting

22 Vamp 24h support phone: +358 (0)40 573 6316 VM210.EN004

Figure 5.1-1 Changing parameters.

5.2. Disturbance recorder menu DR

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