Surgical Summary 1
Patellar Resection 4
Femoral Sizing 14
Closure 29
Incision and exposure Patellar resection Align tibial jig Tibial resection Distal femoral location Distal femoral resection
Femoral sizing Anterior femoral resection Final femoral preparation Trial reduction Tibial preparation Final implantation
1
Incision and Exposure
Lateral Medial
Figure 1 Figure 2
The Pathway instrumentation has been With the knee flexed, make a straight mid- In thin patients or patients with mild Should tension prevent adequate lateral
designed for use with and without line skin incision from 2 to 4 cm above the deformity a subvastus (“Southern”) displacement of the patella, detach the
Ci™ computer assisted surgery, for a patella, passing over the patella, and approach may be used. If significant medial one-quarter of the patellar tendon
minimally invasive subvastus, midvastus ending at the tibial tubercle (Figure 1). valgus deformity exists, a lateral parapatellar from the tibial tubercle.
or open approach. The following technique deep incision may be preferred. Following
With neutral alignment or with varus
describes the use of these instruments in a medial parapatellar incision, luxate
deformity, make a medial parapatellar
a manual approach. the patella laterally to expose the entire
incision through the retinaculum, capsule
tibio-femoral joint (Figure 3).
and synovium (Figure 2).
2
Figure 3 Figure 4
Elevate the tibial tubercle with an osteo- Excise hypertrophic synovium and a Evaluate the condition of the posterior
periosteal flap if necessary for exposure. portion of the infrapatellar fat pad to cruciate ligament to determine the
Luxate the patella and periosteal allow access to the medial, lateral and appropriate tibial insert component to use.
attachments laterally. intercondylar spaces. All osteophytes
should be removed at this stage
(Figure 4).
3
Patellar Resection
9 mm
16 mm
25 mm
Patella stylus
With the leg in extension the patella is The thickness of the patella is measured A patella stylus is selected that matches The leg is placed in extension with the
everted to an angle of approximately and the level of bone resection calculated the thickness of the implant to be used. patella cutting guide positioned with the
40 - 60 degrees. The synovial tissue (Figure 5). The thickness of the resurfaced The minimum depth of the patella resection stylus against the posterior cortex of the
and retinaculum are released from the patella should be the same as the natural should be no less than 10 mm (Figure 6). patella with the serrated jaws at the superior
periphery of the patella down to the patella. The minimum residual dimension and inferior margins of the articular surface.
plane of the quadriceps tendon. should be no less then 12 mm. The jaws should be closed to firmly
4
Saw capture
40°
The patella is everted to 40˚ (Figure 8). Suitable saw blades are listed in the back A patella wafer can be hand placed on the
The stylus is removed and the resection of this Surgical Technique. resected surface if required to protect the
5
Tibial Jig Assembly Lower Leg Alignment
Tibial cutting blocks
(Left & Right handed)
Press down to
attach cutting block
Assemble the appropriate tibial resection Place the knee in 90˚ of flexion with the Align the centre of the uprod with the
block to the proximal alignment rod. Slide tibia translated anteriorly and stabilised. medial one third of the tibial tuberosity
the proximal alignment rod into the ankle Place the ankle clamp proximal to the (Figure 12).
6
Ankle clamp adjuster
Figure 13 Figure 14
Establish rotational alignment by aligning is approximately 3 mm medial to the Drill a central pin through the slot in the There are scribe marks at 1 cm (1 cm
the device parallel to the transmalleolar transaxial midline. The lower assembly cutting block. is approximately 2˚ posterior slope,
axis (Figure 13). Medial / lateral alignment is translated medially to the anterior crest depending on the length of the tibia).
The angle of the tibial slope is set by turning
should be parallel to the tibial axis, but of the tibia (usually to the second vertical When using a posterior stabilised
the ankle clamp adjuster. This moves the
as the lateral malleolus is more prominent, mark). There are scribe marks at 3 mm design 0˚ slope is recommended.
distal arm anteriorly or posteriorly until the
bisecting the transmalleolar axis will place and 6 mm for reference aligning to the
desired angle is reached (Figure 14).
the cut into varus. The midline of the tibia middle of the talus.
7
Tibial Resection
Figure 15 Figure 16
Position the tibial stylus in the slot of the Set the stylus to 8 mm or 10 mm. After the height has been set, pin the block
tibial cutting block (Figure 15). It is placed If the stylus is placed on the more through the lower set of holes. Resect
into the cutting block using the open or involved condyle, 0 mm or 2 mm the tibia using a 1.47 mm saw blade
slotted foot. should be resected. (Figure 16) and remove the resected bone.
8
Isthmus level
Enter the medullary canal at the midline The drill may be positioned anteromedially Attach the ‘T’ handle to the IM rod and slowly
of the trochlea, 7 mm to 10 mm anterior to allow unobstructed passage of the introduce the rod into the medullary canal,
to the origin of the PCL. Drill to a depth of IM rod (Figure 18). to the level of the isthmus (Figure 19).
9
Femoral Locating Device
Figure 20 Figure 21
Pre operative X-rays are used to define the The T-handle is removed and the femoral
angle between the femoral, anatomical and locating device is placed on the IM rod
10
Outrigger
Distal femoral
cutting block
The outrigger and distal femoral cutting Internal / external rotation of the locating The block should be pinned and secured At least 9 mm of distal femoral bone should
block are assembled and then lowered device is adjusted with reference to the to the femur through the holes marked with be resected from the most prominent
onto the locating device (Figure 22). trochlear groove. The outrigger legs a square. This will allow a +2 or -2 mm condyle.
11
Figure 25 Figure 26
The locating device and outrigger are The distal femoral resection is performed
removed, leaving the cutting block in using a 1.47 mm saw blade (Figure 26).
12
Extension Gap Assessment
Figure 27 Figure 28
The knee is placed in full extension and Where the extension gap is trapezoidal,
lamina spreaders or spacer blocks are the bilateral soft tissue must be balanced
applied medially and laterally (Figure 27). (Figure 28).
The extension gap must be rectangular
in configuration.
13
Femoral Sizing (Anterior Down) Medial
Sizing indicator
Adjustment screw
Lateral
Locking screw
Lateral Medial
Figure 29 Figure 30
Posterior plate
The anterior sizing guide is placed on the The stylus on the anterior sizing guide is The locking screw is tightened and the Set the drill guide scale to match the size
resected distal surface of the femur, with placed on the anterior femur with the tip size is read from on top of the sizing on the sizing indicator and tighten the
the posterior condyles resting on the positioned at the intended exit point on indicator. When properly set, the size adjustment screw (Figure 30).
posterior plate of the guide (Figure 29). the anterior cortex - avoiding any potential indicated on the stylus should match
notching of the femur. the size on the guide.
14
Base block
Figure 31 Figure 32
Pins are drilled through the upper medial Choose the appropriate left or right cutting
and lower lateral hole to set 3 degrees of block. Place the anterior cutting block
external femoral rotation (Figure 31). over the lateral pin. Rotate the block to
Remove the medial pin and the sizing locate the captured pin in the previously
guide leaving the lateral pin in place. drilled medial hole (Figure 32).
15
Sizing guide
Lateral Medial
Use the sizing guide to adjust the resection A visualisation wing should be used to The anterior femoral resection guide is
height to match the femoral size indicated check the resection level (Figure 34). secured in place with at least one additional
previously (Figure 33). pin and the resection performed using a
16
Final Femoral Preparation
Fixation lug
Figure 36 Figure 37
The appropriate sized finishing block The fixation lugs on each side of the block The block is pinned in place through Final resections are made using a 1.47 mm
(standard or P.F.C.® Sigma™ RP-F) is correspond exactly to the M/L dimension the fixation pin holes with at least two pins saw blade in the following order:
selected and positioned on the resected of the final implant and are used to visually before any bone cuts are made. Posterior femoral, chamfer cuts, box cut or
anterior and distal surfaces of the femur. place the instrument in the correct M/L peg holes (depending on implant selection -
position (Figure 36). posterior stabilised or cruciate retaining)
17
Figure 38 Figure 39
18
Figure 40 Figure 41
19
Trial Reduction
Figure 42 Figure 43
There are two options available to assess With equivalent sizes the bearing rotation Position the appropriate sized femoral trial anterior / posterior stability, medial/lateral
the knee during trial reduction. One or allowance is 8˚. For a tibial tray one size onto the femur. Position the lock-off stability and overall alignment in the
both may be used. smaller than the femoral component, this evaluation bullet into the cut-out of the A/P and M/L plane. If there is any
bearing rotation allowance reduces to 5˚. M.B.T. tibial tray trial (Figure 42). indication of instability, substitute a tibial
Trial reduction with trial bearing in In this situation, finding the neutral position Select the tibial insert trial that matches the insert trial with the next greater thickness
non-rotation mode with respect to the femur is therefore more chosen femoral size and style, curved or and repeat the reduction.
This option is useful when the tibial tray important in order to prevent bearing stabilised, and insert it onto the M.B.T. tray
component size is smaller than the overhang and soft tissue impingement. trial (Figure 43). With the trial prosthesis in
femoral size. Note: Mobile bearing tibial place, extend the knee carefully, noting the
insert size MUST match femoral
component size. 20
electrocautery marks
Select the insert which gives the greatest central one-third of the tibial tubercle. handle with the electrocautery marks Trial reduction with trial bearing free
stability in flexion and extension whilst still The appropriate position is marked with (Figure 44). Assessment can be made to rotate
allowing full extension. Rotational alignment electrocautery on the anterior tibial cortex. of the overall tibial coverage. This trial reduction can be done instead
of the tibial tray is adjusted with the knee in Overall alignment can be confirmed using or in addition to the one described before.
full extension, using the alignment handle the two part alignment rod, attaching it to Position the appropriate sized femoral trial
to rotate the tray and trial insert into the tibial alignment handle. onto the femur, and place the appropriate
congruency with the femoral trial. The Fully flex the knee, and remove the trial sized M.B.T. trial tray onto the resected
rotation of the tibial tray is usually centred components. Replace the M.B.T. tray trial tibial surface.
on the junction between the medial and back on the proximal tibia, and align the
21
(cruciate retaining) (cruciate substituting)
Figure 46 Figure 47
Assess the position of the tray to achieve tap down lightly to secure the tray to the the anteroposterior stability, medial/lateral If there is any indication of instability,
maximal tibial coverage (align the handle proximal tibia (Figures 45). stability and overall alignment in the A/P substitute a tibial insert trial with the next
with the electrocautery marks if procedure Select the tibial insert trial that matches and M/L plane (Figures 47). Assessment greater thickness and repeat reduction.
described in 1 has been followed). The the chosen femoral size and style, curved of the bearing rotation and patello femoral Select the insert which gives the greatest
rotation of the tibial tray is usually centred or stabilised, and insert it onto the M.B.T. tracking can also be achieved. Overall stability in flexion and extension whilst still
on the junction between the medial and tray trial (Figures 46). alignment can be confirmed using the two allowing full extension. Confirm tray rotation
central one-third of the tibial tubercle. Carefully remove the tibial alignment part alignment rod, attaching it to the tibial and position, and mark with electrocautery
Position the pinned evaluation bullet into handle, and, with the trial prosthesis in alignment handle. if this has not already been done.
the cut-out of the M.B.T. tibial tray trial, and place, extend the knee carefully, noting
22
Tibial Preparation Drill
stop holes
Lines 4-7
Lift the catch to engage or
4-7 2-3
disengage the reamer tower
from the tray 2-3 1-1.5
1-1.5
Tibial screws
engagement
button
engagement
button slot
Position the tibial trial to fit the tibia for lifting the catch and rotating the tower until Tray Drill Stop Cement
The tibia is reamed to the appropriate
maximum femoral coverage. Rotation the button engages in the tray (Figure 49). Size Seating Mantle depth (Figure 50).
should be aligned with the medial one The tower is locked in place when the 1-1.5 2-3 0.5 mm per side
4 mm distal
third of the tibial tuberosity. Pin the trial catch is released. The tibial reaming depth
2-3 4-7 0.5 mm per side
with 2 pins. The tray trial allows for is controlled by setting the collars to match 4 mm distal
standard, M.B.T., keeled and DuoFix™ the size of the tibial tray. See table for 4-7 drill ‘bottoms out’ 0.5 mm per side
on tray trial 4 mm distal
4 peg tray (Figure 48). The MI reamer appropriate size.
Tibial screws
If a keeled M.B.T. tray is to be employed, The universal handle is assembled to the The assembly is impacted into the The RP adaptor is inserted into the punch
and the bone of the medial or lateral appropriately sized M.B.T. keel punch and cancellous bone until the shoulder of the bushing (Figure 53).
plateau is sclerotic, it is helpful to initially inserted into the M.B.T. punch bushing, punch is in even contact with the M.B.T.
prepare the keel slot with an oscillating taking care to avoid malrotation. punch bushing (Figures 51 & 52).
24
M.B.T. DuoFix™ Tray Preparation
Figure 54 Figure 55
To finalise the rotational position, the four Pin the tibial template, and drill the four
peg holes must be prepared. Remove the peg holes (Figure 55).
The components are implanted in the The universal handle is attached to the tray Polyethylene Implantation Femoral Implantation
following order. inserter. The tibial tray is carefully inserted, Loose fragments or particulates must The entire site should be thoroughly
Tibial Implantation avoiding malrotation. When fully inserted, be removed from the permanent tibial cleansed using pulsatile lavage.
The entire site should be thoroughly several mallet blows may be delivered to tray. The appropriate permanent tibial Bone cement is prepared and applied to
cleansed using pulsatile lavage. Bone the top of the universal handle. All extruded insert can be inserted. the femur. The femur is hyperflexed and
cement is prepared and applied by syringe cement is removed using a curette. the tibia is subluxed forward. The implant
or with digital pressure in its low viscous is attached to the femoral inserter and
state to assure maximal penetration into inserted onto the femur.
the trabecular bone.
26
Final Patella Preparation
Figure 57 Figure 58
The knee is extended to approximately 90˚ A template is selected that most The template is firmly engaged to the
for final impaction. The inserter is released adequately covers the resected surface resected surface and the holes made with
and any extruded cement is cleared using without overhang (Figure 57). If used, the the appropriate drill bit (Figure 58).
a curette (Figure 56). patella wafer is removed from the patella.
The template handle is positioned on the
medial side of the everted patella.
27
Locking
switch
Figure 59 Figure 60
The patellar implant may now be cemented. The patellar clamp is designed to fully When snug, the handles are closed and The clamp is released by unlocking the
The cut surface is thoroughly cleansed seat and stabilise the implant as the held by the ratchet until polymerisation is locking switch and squeezing the handles
with pulsatile lavage. Cement is applied to cement polymerises. It is positioned complete. All extruded cement is removed together (Figure 59). The patella is reduced
the surface and the component is inserted. with the silicon O-ring, centred over the with a curette. and the patella implant is evaluated. An
articular surface of the implant and the unrestricted range of motion, free bearing
metal backing plate against the anterior movement and proper patellar tracking
28
Closure
Figure 61
The tourniquet is released and bleeding The knee is put through a range of motion The final flexion against gravity is noted for
controlled by electrocautery. A closed- from full extension to full flexion to confirm postoperative rehabilitation. Subcutaneous
wound suction drain is placed in the patellar tracking and the integrity of the tissue is reapproximated and the skin
suprapatellar pouch and brought out capsular closing (Figure 61). closed with sutures or staples.
30
954152 RP-F Tibial Insert Trial 15 mm Size 5 966564 Cruciform Keel Punch Sterile Tray Insert
954153 RP-F Tibial Insert Trial 17.5 mm Size 5
SP 2715 Specialist® 2 Modular Cemented Punch Instruments
954212 RP-F Trial Femur Size 2 Left
966360 Modular Tibial Cemented Punch Guide Size 1.5-3
954213 RP-F Trial Femur Size 2.5 Left
966361 Modular Tibial Cemented Punch Guide Size 4-6
954214 RP-F Trial Femur Size 3 Left
966370 Modular Tibial Cemented Punch Size 1.5-3
954215 RP-F Trial Femur Size 4 Left
966371 Modular Tibial Cemented Punch Size 4-5
954216 RP-F Trial Femur Size 5 Left
966376 Specialist® 2 Modular Tibial Drill Bush Cemented Size 1.5-3 (13 mm)
954222 RP-F Trial Femur Size 2 Right
966378 Specialist® 2 Modular Tibial Cemented Drill Bush Size 4-5 (15 mm)
954223 RP-F Trial Femur Size 2.5 Right
966380 Modular Tibial Drill Size 1.5-3 13 mm Cemented
954224 RP-F Trial Femur Size 3 Right
966381 Modular Tibial Drill Size 4-6 15 mm Cemented
954225 RP-F Trial Femur Size 4 Right
966566 Cemented Modular Punch
954226 RP-F Trial Femur Size 5 Right
MI 8800 Demo MI CAS (International Only)
MI 7400 P.F.C.® Sigma™ Fixed Bearing MI CAS
950501504 MITKR CAS Tibial Template Size 3
966554 Base Tibial Instruments
950501511 MITKR CAS Bayonet Tower Assembly
966341 Tibial Tray Trials Size 2
950501512 MITKR CAS Bush Extractor
966343 Tibial Tray Trials Size 3
950501514 MITKR CAS Keel Punch Bush Size 2-3
966344 Tibial Tray Trials Size 4
950501516 MITKR CAS M.B.T. Bullet WO Pegs Size 1-3
966345 Tibial Tray Trials Size 5
950501518 MITKR CAS M.B.T. EVAL Bullet Size 1-3
860590 Trial Tray Fixation Pins (pack of 4)
950501521 MITKR CAS DuoFix™ Tibial Reamer
966430 Tibial Trial Insert Remover
950501523 MITKR CAS RP Tibial Bullet Size 2-3.5
966520 Universal Handle
950501541 MITKR CAS Anterior Jig Sigma™ Assembly
966342 Tibial Tray Trial Size 2.5
950501542 MITKR CAS Anterior Jig LCS® Assembly
SP 2714 Specialist® 2 Standard Tibial 950501530 MITKR CAS Femoral 3-in-1 Sigma™ Size 3
966350 Standard Tibial Punch Guide Size 1.54 950501537 MITKR CAS Femoral 4-in-1 LCS® Standard
966351 Standard Tibial Punch Guide Size 5 & 6 950501554 MITKR CAS Femoral 3-in-1 RP-F Size 3
966355 Standard Non Cemented Tibial Punch Size 1.52 950501543 MITKR CAS Tibial/Femoral Jig
966356 Standard Non Cemented Tibial Punch Size 2.54 950501545 MITKR CAS 0 Degree 55 mm Cutting Block
966357 Standard Non Cemented Tibial Punch Size 56 950501547 MITKR CAS 15 Degree 55 mm Cutting Block
966358 Standard Cemented Tibial Punch Size 1.52
966359 Standard Cemented Tibial Punch Size 2.56
31
MI 8000 LCS® Mobile Bearing MI CAS Instruments
1/8 950501572 MITKR CAS Prefixation Screw
180118000 Inch Drill Bit
228769000 Calliper 950501579 MITKR CAS Patella Trial - Sigma™ 25 mm
217856025 ®
LCS Completion Femoral Impactor/Extractor 950501580 MITKR CAS Patella Trial - Sigma™ 28 mm
864348 Bone File 950501581 MITKR CAS Patella Trial - Sigma™ 32 mm
966515 ®
Specialist 2 Pin Puller 950501582 MITKR CAS Patella Trial - Sigma™ 35 mm
966520 Universal Handle 950501583 MITKR CAS Patella Trial - Sigma™ 38 mm
869189 ®
P.F.C. J&J Tibial Retractor 950501584 MITKR CAS Patella Trial - Sigma™ 41 mm
217842005 Completion™ QDrill Driver 950501585 Tibial Impactor
217842010 Completion™ QDrill Pin Pack 950501586 Femoral Introducer
228748000 Femoral Lug Drill 950501587 Femoral Anterior Bow Yoke
258919000 Visualisation Wing 950501608 Tibial/Femoral RM/LL x 15 Degree Cutting Block
966180 Modular Femoral Impactor Head 950501609 MITKR CAS Patellar Wafer
950501610 MITKR CAS/Specialist® 2 Tibial Adapter
Individual Codes
950501611 Quick Drill Pin - MI
950501500 MITKR CAS Tibial Template Size 1
950501612 MI - Patella Resection Guide - P.F.C.®
950501501 MITKR CAS Tibial Template Size 1.5
950501505 MITKR CAS Tibial Template Size 3.5 129901061 Tibial Screws
950501507 MITKR CAS Tibial Template Size 4.5 129901030 Manual Driver
950501509 MITKR CAS Tibial Template Size 6 950501606 Tibial/Femoral LM/RL x 15 Degree Cutting Block
950501510 MITKR CAS Tibial Template Size 7 217842005 Completion Qdrill Driver
950501513 MITKR CAS Keel Punch Bush Size 1-1.5 217842010 Completion Qdrill Pin Pack
950501522 MITKR CAS RP Tibial Bullet Size 1-1.5 950501544 MITKR CAS 0 Degree 45 mm Cutting Block
950501527 MITKR CAS Femoral 3-in-1 Sigma™ Size 1.5 950501546 MITKR CAS 15 Degree 45 mm Cutting Block
950501533 MITKR CAS Femoral 3-in-1 Sigma™ Size 6 950501604 Tibial/Femoral 65 mm x 15 Degree Cutting Block
950501565 MITKR CAS Patella Track Assembly 950501550 MITKR CAS Femoral 3-in-1 RP-F Size 1
950501567 MITKR CAS System Screw 950501551 MITKR CAS Femoral 3-in-1 RP-F Size 1
950501568 MI CAS NC Keel Punch Bush Size 1-1.5 5950501557 MITKR CAS Femoral 3-in-1 RP-F Size 6
950501569 MI CAS NC Keel Punch Bush Size 2-3 950501603 Tibial/Femoral 65 mm x 0 Degree Cutting Block
950501570 MI CAS NC Keel Punch Bush Size 4-7 950501605 Tibial/Femoral LM/RL x 0 Degree Cutting Block
950501571 MITKR CAS System Screw 950501607 Tibial/Femoral RM/LL x 0 Degree Cutting Block
32
950501549 MITKR CAS Tibial/Femoral Jig Clamp
129901052 CAS Ligament Tensor Size 2 (12 Kg)
129901053 CAS Ligament Tensor Size 4 (12 Kg)
129901054 CAS Ligament Tensor Handle
129901055 CAS Tensor Spacer 5 mm
129901056 CAS Tensor Spacer 10 mm
CAS Ligament Tensor Size 2 (18 Kg)
CAS Ligament Tensor Size 4 (18 Kg)
CAS Ligament Tensor Size 2 (24 Kg)
CAS Ligament Tensor Size 4 (24 Kg)
Saw Blades
950501591 MITKR CAS Saw Blade - Old Stryker
950501592 MITKR CAS Saw Blade - New Stryker
950501593 MITKR CAS Saw Blade - Old Zimmer
950501594 MITKR CAS Saw Blade - New Zimmer
950501595 MITKR CAS Saw Blade - AO/Sod
950501596 MITKR CAS Saw Blade - 3M
229910000 MITKR CAS Double Side Recip Stryker
229910001 MITKR CAS Double Side Recip Zimmer
229910002 MITKR CAS Double Side Recip Hall
33
This publication is not intended for distribution in the USA
Completion™, DuoFix™ and Sigma™ are trademarks and LCS®, P.F.C.®, and Specialist® are registered trademarks of DePuy Orthopaedics, Inc.