l -T '' ^ '- f

K. I E. I.

By
RAMANATH KUNDU
Department of Psychology
CALCUTTA UNIVERSITY
CALCUTTA - 700 009

Do not mark or write anything in this booklet.

Copyright © 1976 by the author and publisher-Dr. Ramanath Kundu, M. Sc., Ph. D., Department of Psychology,
University of Calcutta, 92, Acharya Prafulla Ch. Road. Calcutta-700 009. All rights reserved. This test, or parts
thereof, may not be duplicated or reproduced in any form without written permission of the author.
 K. I. E. I.
EXPLANATION :
It is found that people differ in their likes, dislikes, personality and habits. Within this booklet you will
find questions on such things as your likes, dislikes or habits. The purpose of the questions is not to judge whether
your habits or likings are good or bad. They simply aim at indicating your personality type which might help you
on many occasions.
This is not a test. There is no right or wrong answer to any question. A question maybe answered
differently by different persons. For each question in this booklet, several possible answers (two or more) are given,
from among these pick out the ona best which suits in your case. This will be the right answer for you. You are,
therefore, requested to read the questions very carefully and then give your answer- Some questions might appear
to you very peculiar or childish, but do answer them as best as you can.
HOW TO INDICATE YOUR ANSWER :
Look at the separate answer sheet supplied to you. This answer sheet contains some columns of rectangular-
boxes under five blocks from A to E. The serial number printed at the top of each column is the serial number for
each question. The numbers printed on the left hand side of each box are the numbers of different answers. Your
task will be to find out the answer which suits best in your case and then to put a tick (C) mark in the appropriate
box bearing the serial number of your selected response against the corresponding question number.
TIME LIMIT :
Although there is no definite time limit for answering the questions, it does not usually take more than
30 minutes to answer all the questions. Be sure that you do not skip any question. Your eo-operation in answering
the questions is earnestly desired.
Do not mark or write anything in this booklet.
BLOCK-A
DIRECTIONS :
For each of the items 1 to 11, you w ill find 4 possible answers, only one of which you will have to choose
so that it suits best in your case. Pick out the number of your chosen answer and put a tick (v/') mark in the
appropriate box of the answer sheet against the corresponding question number.
1. Which one of the following four jobs you would like 4. Which one of the following four types of work do you
best as your profession ? like most ?
(1) Laboratory research worker (1) Completely repetitive work
(2) Political leader (2) Moderately repetitive work
(3) Military officer (3) Slightly repetitive work
(4) Officer in a factory or office. (4) Completely non-repetitive w-ork.
2. Which one of the following four types of pictures 5. Which one of the following four types of persons do
(cinemas) do you like to enjoy most ? you like most to have with you in a social gathering ?
(1) Picture of a battle (1) Those who w'ould initiate the spirit of laughing
(2) Picture of a comedy and talking in the function
(3) Picture of grim tragedy (2) Those who w'ould not initiate but join others in
(4) Picture of natural devastation. laughing and talking to make the function lively.
3. To which one of the four types of persons do (3) Those who w'ould laugh and talk only to keep
majority of your friends belong '? friendly terms with others.
(1) Persons w-ho love to spend money very much. (4) Those who w-ould always prefer to be silent and
(2) Persons who love to spend money but adjust it observe other’s activities.
according to their earning. 6. Which one of the following four ty pes of persons do
(3) Persons who love to save money but do spend you like most to have as your friends ?
where social prestige is involved. (1) Persons who will never do anything without
(4) Persons who love to save money very much. planning
 (2) Persons who will do planning in most of the (1) Always prefer to have a strong opponent and
occasions contest with him
(3) Persons who will never like to plan before doing (2) Sometimes prefer to have a strong opponent and
a thing contest with him.
(4) Persons who will do planning only on rare (3) Usually prefer not to have a strong opponent
occasions. and like to withdraw
7. Which one of the following four types of persons do (4) Practically do not prefer to have a strong oppo­
you like most to have as your friends ? nent and always like to withdraw.
(1) Those who usually feel happy 10. To what extent does lack of eareful planning make
(2) Those who feel happy most of the times you disturbed ?
(3) Those who feel happy occasionally (1) To a great extent
(4) Those who do not feel happy usually. (2) To some extent
8. What will you do during a disturbing mass demons­ (3) To little extent
tration on a political issue ? (4) To practically no extent.
(1) Go and take active part i 1. Which one of the following four types of work
(2) Observe the situation without taking any active would you like most to do ?
part (1) Work which involves too much of delicacies
(3) Enquire about the situation for the sake of (consideration)
curiosity from a distance (2) Work which involves delicacies but not too
(4) Avoid the situation altogether. much of them.
9. How would you like to have a strong opponent and (3) Work which preferably does not involve delicacies
contest with him ? (4) Work which involves no delicacy at all.

BLOCK-B
DIRECTIONS :
For each of the items 12 to 28, put a tick (y/) mark in the proper box of the answer sheet against the
corre;ponding item number, in the following manner :
if you like the activity to a great extent, put a tick (y/) in the box 1.
if you dislike the activity to a great extent, put a tick (y/) in the box 2.
if you like the activity to some extent, put a tick (y/) in the box 3.
if you dislike the activity to some extent, put a tick (y/) in the box 4.
if you are more or less indifferent towards the activity, put a tick (y/) in the box 5.
12. Always thinking about yourself. 22. Always take particular care of personal properties
13. Thinking much before accepting a new issue or an (watches, clothes etc.).
idea. 23. Always approaching others to make friendship with
14. Starting conversation with a stranger. them.
15. Sticking to a task inspite of your failures. 24. Alw ays be cautious about possible misfortunes.
16. Standing other's criticism calmly. 25. Prefer thinking alone about a problem till it is
17. To be cautious while making decisions. solved.
18. To have always a planned life. 26. Always like to plan about future work.
19. Always keeping confidence in others. 27. Changing vour work from one type to another.
20. Taking leading parts in social functions. 28. Analysing your thoughts and motives
21. Like the idea of having a limited number of friends
and associates.

BLOCK-C
DIRECTIONS :
In each of the items 29 to 42, you will find a question asking your preference over one of the two types
of activities given therein. To indicate your answer, for each of these items, put a (y/) mark in the proper box of
the answer sheet, against the corresponding item number, in the following manner :
if you agree w ith the preference given, put a tick (y/) in the box 1.
if you disagree with the preference given t a tick (y/) in the box 2.
if you do not have any ' ither of the activities, put a tick (y/) in the box 3.
29. While doing a work, do you pay more attention to 37. Do you prefer more to leave a social gathering
details than to important aspects only ? earlier rather than spending much time in it ?
30. Do you prefer more to work alone than in,groups ? 38. Do you feel that you present a case better through
31. Do you find more interest in spending time with writing than through speaking ?
books than with people ? 39. In your routine actions of the days (walking, dress­
32. Do you want to derive knowledge more through ing, talking etc.), do you like to finish them quickly
books than through practical experience ? rather than doing them after careful consideration ?
33. Do you usually avoid trouble rather than facing it ? 40. Do you easily remember your daily expenses in spe­
34. Do you prefer indoor games to outdoor games ? cific details rather than forgetting them mostly ?
35. Do you like more to live in a lonely place rather 41. Do you prefer to take up the responsibility of
than in a lively one ? directing others in doing a work rather than having
36. Do you like more to take part in an argument than somebody else to direct you ?
to remain silent ? 42. Do you prefer to work on the last moment rather
than starting it earlier ?
BLOCK-D
DIRECTIONS :
For each of the items 43 to 56, you will find a statement representing some of your feeling or activity.
On the answer sheet against the corresponding item number for these items, put a tick (*/) mark in the appropriate
box, in the following manner :
if it is true for you in most of the cases, pul a tick (s/) in the box I.
if it is not true for you in most of the cases, put atick (y/) in tire box 2.
if it is true for you in some of the cases, put a tick (y/) in the box 3.
43. Checking and rechecking of letters before mailing. 50. Voluntarily giving explanations of what you have
44. Sitting atone for a long time without being tired. done.
45. Concealing your activities from others. 51. Hesitating to ask for loans from others.
46. Feel disturbed to a great extent after doing some­ 52. Delivering a written report.
thing wrong. 53. Feeling disturbed when people watch at your acti­
47. Calling persons who cross streets to avoid meeting vities.
you. 54. Feeling difficult to start conversations with strangers
48. To make it a point to be outspoken while speaking. 5 5. Analyzing the feelings and motives of others.
49. Feeling hurt at other’s aggressive behaviour- 56. Remaining alone during emotional stress.
BLOCK-E
DIRECTIONS :
In each of the items 57 to 70, you will find questions on some of your activities. Read each item care­
fully and then put a tick (y/) mark in the answer sheet, against the corresponding item number, in the following
manner :
if it is applicable in your case, put a tick (y/) in the box marked ‘Y’.
if it is not applicable in your case, put a tick {y/) in the box marked ‘N’.
57- Are you always conscientious in your activities ? 6 5. Do you hesitate in making friendship with opposite
58. Can you tolerate slight abnormality in health ? sex ?
59. Can you work better when you get incentives 6 6. Can you easily work against opposition ?
through other’s praise ? 6 7. Do you prefer to take the role of introducing others
60. Do you dislike to write about yourself even to very in a social gathering ?
close friends ? 68. Are you usually cautious when you start conversa­
61. Do you day-dream very frequently ? tion w ith others ?
62. Do you usually think about yourself ? 69. Do you consider yourself to be greatly sentimental ?
63. Do you like to talk much at social gatherings ? 70. Do you usually control your temper?
64. Do you prefer to work alone rather than doing the
task with others ?
 . f J Cl'* -L-l
,x i. E, i,
n»f*5WE.S SHEET <-/ o

NeufiO.............................................................. ...........................Ay4-

Institution / Organisation

Educational Standard Date

Instructions
1. Item numbers (1 to 70) have been given at the top of each column of boxes.
2. Different numbers of the response categories are given on the left hand side of each box.
3. At first read the item carefully from the test booklet and decide which of the answers suits
you best.
4. Put a tick ( \/) in the appropriate box which bears the same serial number of your chosen
response category for the respective item.
Please note that serial numbers of the response categories have NOT BEEN GIVEN
IN THE SAME ORDER in all the items.
5. In order to change your answer, completely blacken { Q ) the box and put a tick in the
new box.
j, Please confine your tick within the box provided.

block a

i
20
2
o
3 4 s 6
40 o 40
7 8 9 10 II LT s
1—*1 40 40
iO O iO Lj tj
30 2U-J
a
20
f •—’I 30 20 30 20 20 20.3O 30
a 0
40 o 30 20 30 20 30 30 3O 20 20
a a
lO 30 40 O 40 «□ 40 40 <iG lO 0
a a
B L o c k e
•2 13 14 15 16 17 19 39 20 21 2? 23 24 25 26 27 28
20 lO 20 lO 20 20 o a 20 20 .□ 20 20 20 .a 20 ro
a
«□ 40 30 40 30 40 40 30 30 4 0 4 0 30 40 40 40 30 40
0 a
to $□ sO 50 50 !50 SL.-.J
3----1 50 50 sO sO 50 50 sO 50 sO sO
0 0 ~
3d 30 «D 30 40 30 30 40 40 30 30 40 30 30 30 4O 30
□ a
o iO 20 iD 20 .□ iO 20 20 •o lO 20 (□ .0 .O 0 O
0 a
B L 0 C K C
79 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 33 39 40 41 42
LJ
n

?o 20 20 20 20 20 lO ?□ 2L-J 2 0 O lO a 0
w

30 30 sO 30 jD 30 50 30 O yD O sQ ■iD A..i 0 Q
o ,□ iQ .a o iD iQ sO 0 lO lO tl_j O 0 0
B L O C K 0
43 44 4S 46 4T 48 49 SO 51 52 53 54 55 56
20
2o 20 20 20 lO )□ 20 20 2(0 20 ?□ 20 2O 0 0
30 30 30 aO aO 30 30 30 30 31__i 30 30 O 30
0 a
i—i iO o O 20 20 a lO «a O O O O
>1_1 a a 0
SLOCK £
64 65 66 67 68 69 70
57 58 59 60 6i 62 63
NO vOinQi^O no nO >□ nD N □ yD yQ nO NO vD
0 a
>a NO vO rD yO yO nQ o YU hO nO yD yD nO
0 JO
Ol 234 5.67 8 9 IO ___________
total score
Q l----- -—------- 1------- -t----------r------- +--------i------ -4.-------- -4--------♦ i
^Copvriflht © 1976 byThe author and publishar—Dr. Ramanath Kundu, M.Sc.. PhD.. Department of Psychology

university of Calcutta, 92. Acharya Prafulla Ch. Road Calcutta-700 009. All rights msa.ved
 APPENDIX D-2

MANUAL FOR

KUNDU INTROVERSION EXTRAVERSION INVENTORY

(K.I.E.I.)

THE INVENTORY
The purpose of the inventory is to obtain a reliable measure

of introversion-extraversion dimension of adult behaviour or to use

it for diagnosis, selection and career guidance. It is developed

according to Indian sociocultural pattern. The inventory consists

of 70 items with uneven number of response choices divided into 5

blocks. The number of items in each block and the corresponding

number of response choices have been shown in Table i.

Table 1
Number of items and response choices in different blocks
Block No. of items No. of response choices
A 11 4
B 17 5
C 14 3
D 14 3
E 14 2
In order to minimise faking effect and also to reduce the

nature and number of slanted responses, non-aggressive types of

items have been included in the inventory. The mode of response in

each block is different and directions for indicating answers for

different blocks are given in test booklet.

 25S

With a view to check the subjects who have a tendency to

respond to the middle most category, from a pattern of systematic

presentation, the arrangement of the response choices from 1 to 5

or 1 to 4 or 1 to 3 is not made according to the increasing or

decreasing degree of extraversion. To avoid suspicion as to the

real purpose of the inventory, the abbreviated name K.I.E.I. (Kundu

Introversin-Extraversion Inventory) has been given to it.

The rationale behind dividing the items into five blocks lies

with the assumption that specific behaviour which indicate

introversion or extraversion dimension of personality pattern may

be approached for appraisal from a manifold directions. Since these

types of self-reporting inventories are often susceptible to

impression management in the form of stereotyped response tendency,

it is wise, in our situation, to change the mode of response,

particularly when the number of items are large. So far as the

contents of the items are concerned, the undernoted features may

be noticed in the different blocks:

Block A: Response choices are mostly some objective situation

or activities.

Block B: Mostly introspective items.

 o *7

Block C: Selection of one activity over the other but the

activities are mostly of objective nature regarding oneself.

Block D: Mostly objective activities regarding oneself.

Block E: Mostly introspective forced choice items.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION

The inventory is self-administering in nature. No separate

instructions are necessary. In group administration, in order to

facilitate starting at a time, it is advantageous to read aloud the

instructions appearing in the inventory by the examiner.

No time limit is to be imposed. People usually take less than

30 minutes to complete the inventory.

Accuracy of the results depends on the truthfulness of answers

and thorough co-operation of the subjects.

SCORING

The scoring key is prepared on the basis of judgement given

by the psychiatrists, psychoanalysts and psychologists. The general

order of scoring is such that high score indicates introversion

i.e., a negative response is indicative of introversion. But some

of the items have been framed in such a way that negative response

in these items would indicate extraversion. Classification of items

from this point of view is shown in Table 2.

 353

Table 2
Classification of items
Block Negative answer showing Positive answer showing
introversion. Item Serial introversion. Item Serial
Nos. Nos.
A 1, 4, 6, 10 and 11 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 and 9
B 12, 13, 15, 17,18, 21, 22, 14, 16, 19, 20, 23 and 27
24, 25, 26 and 28
C 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 14, 16, 19, 20, 23 and 27
35, 37, 38, 39 and 40 36, 41 and 42
D 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 50, 47 and 48
51, 52, 53, 54, 55 and 56
E 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 58, 63, 66, 67 and 70
65, 63 and 69
The different categories of responses are given different

weights depending upon the degree of introversion-extraversion they

measure. In Table 3 the general principal of scoring is presented.

Table 3
General principle of scoring
Block Statements indicating introversion for Statements indicating extraversion for
positive responses positive responses

Order of Order of Order of Order of

response Score response Score

A 1-2-3-4 4-3-2-1 4-3-2-1 4-3-2-1

B 1-3-5-4-2 5-4-3-2-1 2-4-5-3-1 ,5-4-3-2-1

C 1-3-2 3-2-1 2-3-1 3-2-1

D 1-3-2 3-2-1 2-3-1 . 3-2-1

E Yes-No 2-1 No-Yes 2-1

 259

HOW TO SCORE
Scoring procedure is simple and may be summarised in the

following steps. No scoring key is necessary as the design of the

answer sheet has been made with a view to facilitate quick scoring

without consulting any key or using any stencil.

1. Count the tick (_/) marks in each row in each block and

enter the figure under the column T against the respective row.

2. Multiply these totals (T s) in the following order:

Block A: First row total x l .

Second row total x 2

Third row total x 3

Fourth row total x 4

Block B: First row total x 1

Second row total x 2

Third row total x 3

Fourth row total x 4

Fifth row total x 5

Block C First row total x l

Second row total x 2

Third row total x 3

 260

Block D First row total x 1

Second row total x 2

Third row total x 3

Block E: First row total x 1

Second row total x 2

3. Enter all the products under the column S against the

respective row.

4. Find I S in each block to obtain the block score and add

together all the block scores to obtain total

introversion-extraversion score.

5. If block scores are not required, all the entries in the

column S may be added together to get the total

introversion-extraversion score at a time.

6. Find out the value of C from the Table 5 of this manual

and for a ready reference the position of the individual tested may

be recorded in the scale given at the bottom of the answer sheet

and marked as C.
 261

7. Check: Since none of the items are to be omitted in this

inventory, a check may be done for omission and wrong counting by

adding Ts in different blocks separately. T in each block should

be as follows:

I T in Block A = 11

I T in Block B = 17

I T in Block C = 14

I T in Block D = 14

I T in Block E = 14

SAMPLE
At present standardisation of K.I.E.I. has made on sample of

the size of 318 adult individuals. The sample has been drawn chiefly

from undergraduate degree colleges, holding various services. The

minimum educational standard for this sample was B.A./B.Sc. Part-1.

Usually, the minimum standard of education for taking this

inventory should be any High School leaving examination. But this

tentative limit can be either relaxed or enhanced considering the

sufficiency or in-sufficiency of English knowledge of the individuals

to be tested.

NORMS
According to the scoring principle the maximum possible score

for this inventory is 241 and the minimum possible score is 70.
 2 62

Within this range, at present norm for the population described

above, has been prepared. Norms for bigger and different types of

population is expected to be ready very soon. Since there was no

significant sex difference, no separate norms for male and female

population were determined.

Blockwise and total norms, in terms of the mean and standard

deviation, are given in Table 4.

Table 4
Means and standard deviations
Block Hal e Female Total

Mean S.O. Mean S.D. Mean S.D.

A 27.05 3.33 28.3 3.36 27.86 3.36

B 42.96 6.87 41.41 6.36 42.22 6.36

C 27.63 3.99 28.59 4.32 28.91 4.14

D 25.27 3.45 25.70 3.24 25.43 3.30

E 20.91 2.37 21.73 2.40 21.28 2.43

Total test 143.38 12.75 145.36 12.62 144.83 12.70

N 153 165 318

MEANING OF THE SCORES

Raw scores of the K.I.E.I. have been transformed into C -

scale values, the range of each scale-point may be found in Table

5. Just like raw score, low C-scale values indicate extraversion.

 263

Table 5
Range of raw scores against corresponding C-scale points
C-scale point Raw score range Classification
0 75 and below Extremely Extravert
1 76-89 Grossly Extravert
2 90-112 Moderately Extravert
3 113-130 Slightly Extravert
4 131-144
5 145-157 Ambivert
6 158-171
7 172-185 Slightly Introvert
8 186-199 Moderately Introvert
9 200-228 Grossly Introvert
10 229 and above Extremely Introvert
C scores are distributed over eleven interval score points

(assuming normal distribution) from 0 through 10 with the population

mean fixed at 5 and standard deviation 2. For this inventory, any

individual within the limit 4-6 may be considered as neither extravert

nor introvert. C scores of 3 and 7 are to be considered as slight

deviation from this ambivert condition, 2 and 8 are to be considered

as moderate deviation, 1 and 9 are to be considered as gross deviation

and 0 and 10 are to be taken as extreme deviation. At this stage,

however, no pathological line of demarcation can be suggested. This

awaits further study and will be reported in no time.

 264

RELIABILITY
The reliability coefficients are presented in Table 6. Block

reliabilities as well as total test reliability have been determined

by split-half method applying Spearman-Brown formula. In addition

to that reliability has also been computed by Cronbach's a taking

each block as a separate subtest.

Table 6
Reliability coefficients (N=318)
Block Reliability coefficients
1st. half vs. 2nd. half Odd vs. even
A .64 .79
B .82 .76
C .60 .86
D . 66 .41
E . 89 . 66
Whole test .82 .71
Whole test by .73
Cronbach’s a
 265

VALIDITY
Validity coefficients, in terms of the block-total

correlation, are given in Table 7. The inventory is also validated

against introversion-extraversion score of Eysenc3c Personality

Inventory (E.P.I.). In E.P.I. the increasing order of score

corresponds to the increased degree of extraversion. But in the

K.I.E.I. the order is reverse, i.e., the decreasing order of score

corresponds to the degree of extraversion. Therefore, coefficient

of correlation between K.I.E.I. score and score of E.P.I. is expected

to be negative to ensure validity of K.I.E.I. The obtained coefficient

of correlation, presented in Table 7, is negative but it is shown

without any sign.

Table 7
Validity coefficients
Criteria Coefficients of
correlation
Block A .41
Block B .77
Block C .42
Block D .55
Block E .49
E.P.I .47
 26S

INTERCORRELATIONS

In Table 8 are reported the coefficients of intercorrelation

of the five blocks of the inventory. These inter-block coefficients

of correlation tentatively indicate that the block are more or less

factorially independent of each other justifying apparently the

subgrouping of the items.

Table 8
Coefficients of inter-block correlation

A B C D E
A ( ) . 15 . 17 . 15 . 11
B . 15 ( ) . 13 .24 . 18
C . 17 . 13 ( ) .01 . 22
D . 15 .24 .01 ( ) .23
E . 11 . 18 . 22 .23 ( )

COMMUNICATION

Further studies with K.I.E.I. are in progress. The author

will be glad to receive information regarding the use of the

inventory. Communications should be addressed to the author.