Lesson #1

Psychology:
“Personal Development”
- Psyche = “Soul”
- Logos = “To study”
Knowing Oneself
- Beginning of all wisdom
*Refers “Psychological Qualities” to that
contribute to an individual’s enduring.

- Wisdom – Application – Knowledge – Through

Intelligence
Personality:
- A test of phycological traits and mechanism
Objectives: within the individuals that are organized and
relatively enduring and influence his or her
- Sharing my unique characteristics, habits, and interactions with. Adaptations to intrapsychic,
experiences. physical, and social environment.

- Maintain a journal. Psychological Traits:

- Appreciate and value myself. - Characteristics that describes ways in which

people are similar or different from each other.
- Knowing my self can make me accept my
strengths and limitations.
Psychological Mechanism:
- Refers to the process of personality.
Personality:
- Comes from the Greek word “Persona” means “Mask”
Self:
- Constitute an individual’s personal identity
Defining Personality: with typical ways. It encompasses one’s body,
- A pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique feelings, emotions, thoughts, values, and
characteristics. relationships.

- Both gives consistency and individuality.

Id

Enduring:
- Qualities that are consistent across time and Ego pride
situation of one’s life.

Super ego divine intervention

Distinctive:
- Personality that differentiate a person to another.
Western Psychology: Ennea – Types – Represent Nine Points Names
- Self is generally as one’s personality or EGO.
Types:
Asian Psychology: 1. REFORMER
- Self or personality is a frozen picture or concept of the 2. HELPER
self from the past conditioning or how was raised in the
3. ACHIVER
family and community. It may no longer be true to the
evolving and wiser self in the present time. 4. INDIVIDUALIST
5. INVESTIGATOR
* Putting up a show where actors wear donned 6. LOXALIST
mask to portray different personalities. *
7. ENTHUASIST
8. CHALLENGER
Personality Types:
9. PEACEMAKER
- An integrated collection of personality traits that tend
to characterize an individual.
* In Asia perspective, personality has to do with
being a whole person with the “Yin Yang” figure. A
Myers: universal symbol of the mystery of one’s
- Type indicator wholeness. *

The Enneagram:
- An Asian tool for knowing oneself and one’s personality Yin Yang:
type. - Communicates the mystery of one’s
Enneagram: wholeness as a person whose essence is without
beginning and never ending.
* “Ennea” which means “Nine” (9) *
- It symbolized one’s world of dark (YIN) and
light (YANG)
Johari Window
- Johari Window or the disclosive feedback model of self- Bible Shares:
awareness.
- Unless you die to yourself, you cannot be
- A model that gives a visual representation of one’s level born.
of self-awareness, personal development and
relationship. - When you lose yourself, you will find yourself.
In Asian Psychology: Albert Bandura:
- States that one must first develop the EGO (one’s - A social psychologist/oneself/personality as an
personality) to become a unique self or personality to interaction of many factors.
become one’s true self, or the bigger or higher self or
whole self.
Human gency:
- In the Asian new knowing oneself includes becoming
aware of one’s personality (ego self) and one’s higher self - Capacity to exercise control of (one) over your
(one’s psyche/soul) life.

Openness: Behavior
- To experience describes the extent to which one is open
to new things and prefer variety versus those who seek
more comfort and familiarity.

Gordon Allport = uniqueness

Raymond Cattell = 16 basic dimension Person Environment

Robort Mcrae = Big-five

Paul Costa = Big five Self-efficacy:

Traits = Reaction tendency - The belief that they can succeed in what they
want to do.
B.F. Skinner:
Values:
- Personality as the product of the environment
- On other hand, subjective judgements that people make Burhuss Frediric.
about the importance of certain things of issues.
Tabularasa:
- Blank state
- Modeling – imitating
Llaneza Ramos:
- Inner Blossoming – A process of Personal
Development.
- A time to awaken
Factors: Self-actualization: Cognitive Development:
1.PRESENCE Becoming move of - Person’s intellectual abilities as shown in
who one is his/her thoughts, attitudes, beliefs, and values.
2.OPENNESS Ability to receptive to
life as it is Spiritual Development:
3.AWARENESS Self -Transcendence - Discovering oneself beyond the ego knowing as
4.ACCEPTANCE Go beyond the the soul, spirit, or the “inner essence” that is
possessions often taken for granted.
5.UNDERSTANDING The gift of insight
6.FREEDOM The discovery of Social Development:
one’s inherent power
7.CHOICE Claiming the power - It is about our inborn capacity to relate to
to decide others, to connect and to feel belongingness.
- As person grows, there is a desire to be part of
various groups and be recognized.

5 Areas of Personality Development

1. Mental Erik Erikson (1902-1994)

2. Social - He is the best known for his theory of “the eight

stages of psychological development” and known
3. Emotional to have coining the term identity crisis.
4. Spiritual Infancy:
5. Physical - The state or period of early childhood or
babyhood.

Psychological: Early Childhood:

- Physical change in the body as well as the series of body
study and changes in skills related to movement.
Emotional Development:
- It has something to do with the feelings that you
experience.
Emotions:
- Psychological experience or state of awakeness that
gives you information about the world.
Feelings:
- Your conscious awareness of emotion itself.
- A time of remarkable growth with brain
development at its peak. During this stage,
children are highly influenced by the
environment and the people that surround them.
Play Age:
- The child rapidly develops as he became more
active on initiating activities like play or
discovering our curiosity.
School Age:
- The young pupil learns many new knowledge
and skills
Adolescence:
- Major stage of development as the child needs to know 2 Views of Self:
the rules.
Middle Adulthood:
Real Self:
- To find satisfaction in a life that has been lived
- Is a person’s actual and current being, the
fruitfully and provides a sense of accomplishing
person’s strategies, striving, strengths, and
worthwhile goal in life.
weaknesses.
Ideal Self:
*Erikson believes that these eight stages are approximate
- An idealized version of yourself created out of
to all culture, all people, whether from past or future
what you have learned from your life
generations. * experiences, the demands of society, and what
you admire in your role models.

Early Ages Self-Esteem:

Adolescence 10-13 -Is one’s subjective evaluation of his/her own
Middle Ages
worth.
Adolescence 14-16
Late Ages Physical Appearance:
Adolescence 17-20
- Teenagers are also more self-conscious of their
bodies and physical appearance.
Group Belongingness:
Karen Horney:
- There is a warm sense to belong to and fit in
- She did not believe in universal development stage or well.
evitable childhood.
Relationships:
- Theorized 3 interaction styles that individuals use.
- Requires a person to be emotionally mature to
be rational in thoughts.
Moving towards people: Low self-esteem:
-Very dependent on others, and seek affection, accepts - Lack of confidence and feeling badly about
tense, and approval. oneself.
Moving against people: Self-Acceptance:
- Emphasize hostility and aggression, People who - It is important to accept one’s flow and to be
experience this usually bully others. satisfied with the body that one has
Moving away from people: Confidence:
- Isolation, they want privacy. - Is the most attractive quality of an individual.

Peer Pressure:
- To maintain being part of the group, one is asked to 1.Conscious
conform to particular behaviors or values even if he/she
2.Preconsious
actually disagrees with them.
3.Unconscious

Fraternity/Sorority Gang
Brother hood/Sister Ewan ko Alfred Adler:
hood
College Base Ewan ko - Austrian psychologist
Academically Ewan ko
Service Basta adik sila
The power of mind:
Relationship with one’s parent:
“WALA KA NETO”
- It is a must for adolescence to have a subjective view of
what is happening in their relationship with their parents. *The whole brain theory. *

Relating with peers or barkada: The brain and how it works

- There is no need to prove that you are a good friendly
especially when you are persuaded to act in ways that are
contrary to your self-respect and values.
Romantic relationship:
- The value of give and take in a relationship, how to be
proactive in caring about oneself even as one cares for
family.
Sexuality and Sexual relationships:
- During adolescence year, one’s hormone become very
active and awaken strong sexual passion.
Sigmund Freud:
-1856-1939 Austrian Neurologist.
- Psychoanalytic theory mind is an energy system.
3 levels of awareness:
1.Conscious level – You are aware of
2.Subconcious level – Can be aware if we choose to attend
3.Unconsious level – Difficult to retrieve
- Like an incredible living machine.
- This fist-sized, 3 pound or gan is responsible
for the overall functioning of our body.
Frontal Lobe:
“Primary Motor Lobe” This area controls
voluntary movement contra lateral manner –
left side controls the night side of the body.
Temporal Lobe:
“Primary Auditory Area” In charge of hearing
and processing the auditory stimuli.
Parietal Lobe:
“Primary Somatosensory Area” which process
sensory signals such as touch, pressure, pain,
thermal sense, and sense of body movements.
Occipital Lobe:
“Primary Visual Area” This receives visual
signals from the thalamus and process visual
sensations.

3 levels of mental life

Left Hemisphere:
- Sensory stimuli from right side of the body
- Motor control of the right side of the body
- Speech, language and comprehension
- Analysis, time sequencing
Right Hemisphere:
- Creativity
- Context/Perception
- Spatial ability
- Sensory stimulus from left side of the body
- Motor control left side of body
- Recognition of face, place and object
Robert Sperry:
*The split-brain theory. *
-The brain has 2 hemisphere that performs tasks
differently from each other. The left hemisphere and the
right hemisphere are different.
Individual who’s right:
- Brain is more dominant prefer global thinking reasoning
and learned better understanding the boarder concept
before focusing on details.
Individual who’s left:
- Brain is more dominant prefer analysis and inductive
reasoning and learned in steps.
HERRMANN BRAIN DOMAINANCE/INSTRUMENTS
(HBDI)
Mind Mapping:
- Describe as a technique where ideas branch from a
central image.
Creative Thinking:
- Is an expansive way pf driving your thoughts to
venture into the realm of possibilities.
Thomas Edison:
*Genius is 99% perspiration and 1% inspiration. *
Mental Health:
- Defined as the achievement of expected
developmental milestones and the establishment
of effective coping skills, secure attachments,
and positive social relations.
Mental health concerns in adolescence:
1. Depressions - Manifested as negative views of
oneself, the world and the future with deep
sense of hopelessness and even despair.
2. Anxiety – A sense of vague unease with no
known actual case, cause the makes one feel
mostly tensed and restless.
3. Conduct Disorder – Defined as repetitive and
persist ant pattern of behavior that violates
the nights of other social norms, rules, or
laws.
4. Eating Disorder –
1.) Anorexia Nervosa – Excessive restriction
of food intake.
2.) Bulimia Nervosa – Binge eating and self-
induced vomiting or taking of laxative to
avoid weight gain.
5. Self-injury – Refers to the intentional
damage to the body tissues in connection
with, or to change a particular feeling or
emotion.
6. Risky Sexual Behavior – Can be in form of early stage Problem focused coping:
of sexual intercourse, unprotected sex, or having
- Involves dealing directly with the problem
multiple sexual partner.
7. Substance Abuse – A maladaptive pattern of Emotion focused coping:
substance use that significantly caused distress and
maladjustment, in the farm of failure to fulfil - Aims to comfort and soothe the stressed
obligations at work, house, etc. person.
8. Anti-Social Behavior – Covers a wide range of actions Appraising stress:
from theft and burglary to physical abuse and
substance abuse. - Involves evaluating the effects of a stressful
9. Post-Traumatic Stress – Recuring stress and anxiety event on one’s well-being.
brought about by perceived traumatic events. Controllability:
- Is an appraisal where the person determines
how well he or she is able to handle or control a
Coping with stress is middle and late situation or problems.
adolescence
Self-Efficacy:
- refers to individual’s belief regarding his or her
Stress:
ability to influence events.
- Is the subjective experience of distress due to problem
such as negative experience and challenges. Social support:
-Referring to pressure, tension hardship, emphasis, or
importance. - Refers to social resources that help a person to
cope with difficulties.
2 kinds of stress:

1. Eustress – Has a positive effect to the person.

2. Distress – Has a negative effect to the person.

Stress Management:
- Refers to techniques that people use to cope with
difficulties and manage their stressors.
Major Sources of Stress:
1. Romantic relationship
2. Family conflict
3. Academic
Coping:
- Refers to ways of people try to deal with their problems.