■ Nonlinear analysis
■ static or dynamic
■ Newton, Quasi-Newton, Arclength solution methods
■ Linear analysis
■ static or dynamic
■ single, multi-step
■ Eigenvalue based analysis
■ frequencies and mode shapes
■ linear buckling loads and modes
■ modal analysis: extraction and superposition
■ dynamic analysis by modal superposition
But …
■ More demanding when it comes to memory.
■ Check memory if simulation is not progressing, estimation in d3hsp.
■ Speed penalty for out-of-core solutions.
■ Harder to get normal termination, convergence of strong non-linear models.
NCPUS
■ Buckling analysis
■ Residual deformations
■ Roof crush
Frequency domain analysis
■ Frequency response function - FRF
*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_FRF
Transfer functions for “unity” excitation
*MAT_ADD_FATIGUE Freq = 25 Hz
Frequency domain analysis
■ Random vibration
*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RANDOM_VIBRATION[_FATIGUE]
Uncertain loading, wind, wave, vibration …
Power Spectral Density, PSD, loading
Statistical response, 1 sigma.
PSD (g^2/Hz)
Several methods for random
Acceleration
vibration fatigue available.
■ Response spectrum
*FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_RESPONSE_SPECTRUM
Maximum peak response analysis of structures.
Civil engineering, naval structures, etc.
Several mode combination methods, SRSS, NRL, CQC, …
Frequency domain analysis
■ Acoustics
*MAT_ACOUSTIC
■ *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_ACOUSTIC_BEM[_OPTION]
_ATV
_MATV
_HALF_SPACE
_PANEL_CONTRIBUTION
■ *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_ACOUSTIC_FEM
■ *FREQUENCY_DOMAIN_SEA[_OPTION]
_SUBSYSTEM
_CONNECTION
_INPUT_POWER
Outline
■ Introduction to implicit analysis
■ *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLVER (optional)
■ parameters for and choice of linear equation solver,
which inverts stiffness matrix: [K]{x}={f}
■ controls extra output for debugging
■ *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_SOLUTION (optional)
■ parameters for nonlinear equation solver (Newton-based methods)
■ controls iterative equilibrium search
■ convergence tolerances
■ “linear" solution is selected here
■ controls extra output for debugging
■ *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_DYNAMICS (optional)
■ activates implicit dynamics with Newmark time integration scheme
■ include inertia terms
■ problem “time” is physical time
■ can improve convergence, especially when rigid body modes are present in model
■ *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_EIGENVALUE (optional)
■ eigenvalue analysis activation
■ also great for debugging/model checking
■ *CONTROL_IMPLICIT_MODAL_DYNAMICS (optional)
■ dynamics using a modal basis
■ Element
■ Beam #1, #9 #13
■ Shell #16
■ Linear #18, #20, #21
■ 2nd order #23, #24
■ Solid #-2, #-1, #2
■ Linear #18
■ Tetrahedons #10, #13
■ 2nd order tetrahedons #16, #17
■ Material
■ MAT_001, MAT_020, MAT_24, MAT_77, MAT_103, …
■ Some materials not implemented for implicit.
■ Contacts
CONTACT_..._MORTAR(_TIED)
Outline
■ Introduction to implicit analysis
■ Implicit, how to set up
■ Convergence improvement
■ Example troubleshooting
■ Summary
Convergence improvements
■ Start with recommended settings
■ CONTACT_..._MORTAR
■ Most accurate contact algorithm in LS-DYNA. Segment based.
■ In general regarded as too costly in explicit (BSORT=1)
LS-DYNA Implicit, DYNAmore Nordic 17
Convergence improvements
■ Activate more output for convergence debugging
■ LPRINT, NLPRINT, RESPLT, D3ITCTL
■ Turn on dynamics
■ Include inertia effects before any contacts are established
■ Ramp down dynamic effects if static analysis
■ Example troubleshooting
■ Summary
Troubleshooting convergence problems in implicit analysis
■ Example model
Applied load
Ball, fixed
Troubleshooting convergence problems in LS-DYNA 2016-10-24 24
Troubleshooting convergence problems in implicit analysis
■ Static non-linear analysis
■ Load case
Step 1, t= 0-0.2s
Step 1
Preloading, find equilibrium.
Step 2
Apply an external pulling load/unloading
of 350 N.
Step 2, t=0.2-2.0s
F
■ Actions:
■ Set parameter IGNORE = 1 to handle initial penetrations.
■ Set NLPRINT = 3 for more Newton solver information.
■ Actions:
■ Choose line search method 5
(LSMTD=5)
■ Activate residual plot
…..
…..
set to 5
■ LSMTD=4: Default for solver 12. This strategy are based on minimizing the
potential energy along the search direction. It uses all degrees of freedom when
doing the line search on BFGS updates.
■ LSMTD =5: minimizing the potential energy and bounds the magnitude of the
residual force and even suppresses the occurrence of negative volumes.
■ Residual force per iteration is found in the d3iter file. Fringe plotting of the
residual is found under the ndv option in the fringe menu of LS-PrePost.
Cross section
■ Summary
LS-DYNA Implicit objectives
■ To provide a complete implicit solver, fully comparable to any other implicit
code when it comes to functionality, robustness and performance.
■ Full integration in the LS-DYNA code, making it easy to take advantage also of
the well-established explicit solver’s features.
■ Make it easier to share models between disciplines, for example crash and
fatigue or NVH.
■ Support sites
■ www.dynasupport.com
■ www.dynaexamples.com
■ www.dynalook.com
■ Support
■ support@dynamore.se
Thank you!