Solutions Services
Temperature measurement
Temperature assemblies
and transmitters for the
process industry
2 Temperature measurement
Cable probes,
Compact temperature
compact temperature assem- Modular temperature
assemblies, modular tempera-
Description blies, temperature switches assemblies for industrial
ture assemblies with hygienic
Simple design without general purposes
process connections
thermowell
Universal,
Application/ Food & Beverage,
Universal Chemical,
Branches Life Sciences
Power
Insertion,
Insertion, Almost all common hygienic
Process compression fitting,
compression fitting, process connections,
connection thread, flange,
thread welded connections
welded connection
For detailed
information pages 16 and 17 pages 18 and 19 pages 20 and 21
see...
Temperature assembly product overview 3
Power,
Oil & Gas,
Primary industry,
Universal, Oil & Gas, Chemicals Power,
Metal preparation,
Chemical
Flue gas
ATEX Ex i, Ex d; Ex nA;
PED, CRN;
IECEx Ga/Gb Ex ia, Ex d;
- ATEX Ex d;
FM/CSA: IS, XP
FM/CSA: XP
NEPSI Ex ia, Ex d
RTD: RTD:
-328 to +1,112°F (-200 to +600°C) TC: -328 to +1,112°F (-200 to +600°C)
TC: 32 to +3,272°F (0 to +1,800°C) TC:
-40 to +2,012°F (-40 to +1,100°C) -328 to +3,092°F (-200 to +1,700°C)
Thread,
Flange,
flange, Customer specific solutions
gas tight glands
welded connections
ATEX
4 Temperature measurement
The mechanical construction of a temperature assembly • Measurement insert with ceramic terminal block or head
used in process plants is the same for resistance tempera- transmitter
ture assemblies and thermocouples and consists of the • Thermowell
following components: • Process connection
• Neck/lag
• Terminal head with cable glands
Benefits:
• Protection and installation for terminal
block or transmitter
• Cable entry and wiring
• Display (as option)
Measurement inserts
Basics and measurement principles
Temperature is the most frequently measured parameter in the process industry.
In electrical contact temperature assemblies, two measurement principles have asserted themselves as a standard.
Thermoelectric voltage
(Difference from thermoelectric voltages of metal A
and B)
In RTD resistance sensors the electrical resistance changes A thermocouple is a component made of two different
with a change in temperature. They are suitable for the metals connected to each other at one end. An electrical
measurement of temperatures between -328°F (-200°C) potential (thermoelectric force) is caused due to the
and approx. 1,112°F (600°C) and stand out due to high Seebeck effect at the open end if the connection and the
measurement accuracy and long-term stability. The free ends are exposed to different temperatures.
resistance sensor element most frequently used is a Pt100 With the help of the so-called thermocouples reference
which is a platinum sensor that registers a resistance value tables (see IEC 60584) the temperature at the connection
of 100 ohms at 32°F (0°C). (measuring junction) can be concluded.
It is about a temperature-sensitive measuring resistance Thermocouples are suitable for temperature measurement
made of platinum with a resistance value of 100 Ω at 32°F in the range of 32°F to 3,272°F (0°C to 1,800°C). They stand
(0°C). out due to the fast response time and high vibration
Pt100 sensors are manufactured in different formats: resistance.
• Wire wound ceramic sensors: In a ceramic tube there is
a double coil with capillary ultra-pure platinum wire. This
tube is sealed at the top and bottom by a ceramic
protective coating. These sensors ensure good long-term
stability of their resistance/temperature characteristic in
the temperature range of up to 1,112°F (600°C).
• Thin-layer sensors: In a vacuum a very thin platinum
coating of about 1 μm is sputtered onto a ceramic plate
and is then photo-lithographically structured. The
emerging platinum conductors form the sensor
resistance. The advantages over the wire-wound versions
are the smaller dimensions and the better vibration
resistance. Thin-layer sensors are used for temperature
measurements in temperature ranges of up to 932°F
(500°C).
Sensor types
Model iTHERM QuickSens iTHERM StrongSens Standard thin film Wire wound (WW)
Design
0.12 in (3 mm): 3g
Vibration resistance > 60g 3g
0.24 in (6 mm): > 60g
Response times t90 0.12 in (3 mm): 0.75 s 0.12 in (3 mm): 5.5 s 0.12 in (3 mm): 5 s
0.24 in (6 mm): 9.5 s
(for 1x Pt100) 0.24 in (6 mm): 1.5 s 0.24 in (6 mm): 13 s 0.24 in (6 mm): 11.5 s
Design
Measurement inserts consist of a SS316L stainless steel,
Alloy 600 or Pyrosil® tube inside. The internal leads (RTD)
or thermal leads (TC) are placed and insulated from each
other by magnesium oxide (MgO) powder.
Measurement insert:
Flying leads, US-Style ‘spring loaded’, ceramic block and head
transmitter
Thermowells 7
Thermowells
The thermowell is the process wetted part of the temperature assembly. Basically, thermowells are divided into protection
tubes constructed from welded tubes and thermowells made of drilled barstock material.
Fabricated thermowells
Temperature
Matched adapter M24 x 1.5, G3/8”,
assembly M24 x 1.5, ½“ NPT
for TST414 iTHERM® QuickNeck
connection
Clamp according to
Without,
Flange according ISO 2852, DIN 11851,
Process TA50 with
G ½“ G ¼“, G ½”, G ¾”, G 1”, ½“ NPT, ¾” NPT to EN 1092-1 or DIN 11864, Varivent®,
connection ⌀9 mm or
ASME Ingold, SMS 1147,
⌀11 mm
APV-Inline
Neck/extension Without As per DIN 43772 Double nipple Without According to DIN 43772
1.4404, 1.4435;
1.4435, 1.4571, 1.4435, 1.4571, 1.4435, 1.4571,
Material 1.4571 1.4435, 1.4571 1.4435+316L,
2.4819, 2.4816 2.4816 2.4819, 2.4816
delta-ferrite < 1%
Fabricated thermowells
Design
G ½”, G ¾”,
G ½”, Flange according to EN 1092 Flange according to EN 1092
½“ NPT,
Process connection G ¾”, or ASME; or ASME,
weld-in adapter 25 x 30 mm,
½“ NPT, ¾” NPT thread ½“ NPT, ¾” NPT, 1” NPT thread ¾” NPT, 1” NPT
cylindrical or spherical
Additional details in
Technical Informa-
TI245T TI00250T TI01158T
tion brochure
Thermowells 9
Barstock thermowells
Temperature
M24 x 1.5, ½“ NPT,
assembly G3/8” male ½” NPT ¾” NPT ½” NPT
½” NPT male ½” BSP
connection
Clamp accord-
Flange according
Flange according ing to ISO 2852, Thread
Process to ASME, thread Flange according to ASME, Thread
to EN 1092/ DIN 11851, ¾” NPT,
connection ¾” NPT (TA550), thread 1” NPT ¾” NPT
ASME, or weld-in Varivent, weld-in ½” NPT, G½”
1” NPT (TA555)
adapter, thread
1.4404, 1.4435;
1.4435, 1.4571,
Material 1.4435+316L, 1.4401, 1.4435, 1.4571
2.4819, 2.4816
delta-ferrite < 1%
Replacement
thermowell
Suitable for TR15 / TC15 TR88 / TC88, TMT162R / TMT162C, TR62 / TC62, TR65 / TC65, TST90
⌀0.5 in (12.7 mm)
for TM411
Additional
details in
Technical TA550: TI153T
TI00265T TI01099T TI155T TI156T TI159T TI00230T
Information TA555: TI154T
brochure
Barstock thermowells
Temperature
assembly ½” NPT ½” NPT, ½” BSP ½” NPT
connection
Collar flange
Process Flange according to according to
1” NPT Weld-in
connection EN 1092 or ASME EN 1092 or
ASME
1.18 to 11.8 in 1.18 to 15.7 in 1.97 to 11.8 in 1.97 to 15.7 in 0.98 in (25 mm)
Neck/extension
(30 to 300 mm) (30 to 400 mm) (50 to 300 mm) (50 to 400 mm) (type 1)
Suitable for TR88 / TC88, TMT162R / TMT162C, TR62 / TC62, TR65 / TC65, TST90
Additional de-
tails in Technical TA565:TI160T
TI01162T TI01128T TI01135T
Information TA566: TI177T
brochure
10 Temperature measurement
Process connections
The process connection is the connection between the process and the temperature assembly.
The following process connections are those most commonly used in the process industries:
Thread: The most commonly used Welded joint: The thermowell is Flange: Flanges are subject to the
thread types are NPT-, G- and directly welded into the container or DIN or ANSI / ASME standards. They
M-threads: pipe wall via a welding sleeve or a are classified according to material,
• The ANSI B 1.20.1 NPT thread is a welding adapter. diameter and pressure rating.
U.S. thread norm for self-sealing
pipe threads. Sealing is achieved Compression fitting: The To fulfill the strongly varying process
through conical threads. temperature assembly is put into a conditions a variety of sealing
• G threads are cylindrical pipe sleeve in the compression fitting and geometries are available.
threads and seal using the sealing then clamped using either a reusable
area above the thread. compression ring or a non-detachable
• M threads are metric threads which olive.
are used at low process pressures.
M threads are frequently used on The compression fitting is either
temperature assemblies that are to threaded or welded into the process.
be threaded into already existing
thermowells on site.
Size DN8/18
DN32/125,
DN12/21,3
DN 25 Cylindrical D = 68 mm 25 x
DN25/38 G 1”, as for
DN 32 DN 25 or spheric DN25, 30 mm, M12x1.5,
DN40/51 DN 25 Liquiphant®
DN 40 DN 40 cylinder D = 50 mm 25 x G ½”
Tri-Clamp® M
DN 50 30 x 40 mm DN10/15, 50 mm
½”, ¾”,
D = 31 mm
1½”, 2”
Available Metric design: TM401, TM411, TMR35, TTR35
for
Process connections - Terminal heads 11
Terminal heads
The terminal heads, in which the terminal block or transmitter is installed, differ in shape and material depending on the
application. Materials used are: Plastic, varnished aluminum or stainless steel. All terminal heads have an internal form
according to DIN 43729 (form B). Various threads for temperature assembly connection (M24, NPT½") or cable connection
(M20, NPT ½", NPT ¾", G ½") are available. Moreover, a large selection of cable glands and connectors is available.
Form B standard (also with display) (also with display) (also with display)
Form BUZH
65 66 66/
68
Your benefits:
Transmitters
The task of transmitters is the transformation of the sensor signal into a stable and standardized signal. In the past,
transmitters were built using analog technology. However, now digital technology has gained acceptance, because it offers
better measurement accuracy at simultaneously higher flexibility.
Transmitters are typically offered in three distinctive In addition, the measurement accuracy in modern
types of housing: transmitters can be improved by use of a specific ‘sensor-
• As DIN rail mounted devices suitable for panel transmitter-matching’ software. The complete measuring
installation. chain consisting of transmitter and sensor is then matched
• As head transmitters for direct installation in with each other.
temperature assembly terminal heads.
• As field transmitters for direct connection in the On the one hand, the standardized output signal in the
process areas. process measurement is a 4 to 20 mA signal, but also the
internationally standardized field buses, such as HART®,
Transmitters are configurable and support both numerous PROFIBUS® and FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus are used.
resistance sensor types and thermocouples. In order to The HART® protocol serves mainly for a more convenient
obtain the highest measurement precision, linearization operation in combination with the 4 to 20 mA analog
characteristics for every type of sensor are stored in the measured signal. PROFIBUS® and FOUNDATION Fieldbus,
transmitter. however, transfer the real measured value digitally and
therefore offer cost savings by simplifying the wiring.
Device configuration
PC programmable (PCP)
HART
- /DeviceCare
Fieldbus
Type
Model
TMT181 TMT182
TMT180 TMT121/ TMT122/ TMT82 TMT84 TMT85
TMT111 TMT112
Design
DIN rail
- - -
FOUNDATION
Economical, HART, 2-channel, PROFIBUS PA,
Special HART interface, Fieldbus,
no galvanic PC-interface, universal back-up, drift, 2-channel, back-up,
features SIL2, universal 2-channel, back-up,
isolation SIL2/3, universal drift, universal
drift, universal
Pt50/100/500/1000 Pt100/200/500/1000
Pt50/100,
Ni100/500/1000 Ni100/120/1000
Cu50/100, Pt100/500/1000,
Cu50/100 Cu10/50/100 (Cu50 for TMT82)
RTD input GOST: Ni100/500/1000,
GOST: GOST:
Pt50/100, Polynom RTD
Pt50/100, Cu50/100, Pt50/100, Cu50/100 (Cu50 for TMT82)
Cu50/100
Polynom RTD Polynom RTD, Callendar/Van Dusen
Ω input - 10 to 2,000 Ω
Additional
details in TI00070R TI078R
Technical TI00088R TI00087R TI090R TI01010T TI00138R TI00134R
Information TI00135R TI114R
brochure
Transmitters 15
Field transmitters
Type
Model
TMT162 TMT142
Design
DIN rail
TC input B, C, D, R, S, E, J, K, L, N, T, U
Ω input 0 to 2,000 Ω
Additional details
in Technical Infor- TI00086R TI00107R
mation brochure
16 Temperature measurement
The compact families completely fulfill these requirements. They are easily commissioned, measure reliably, and when
required convert into standard signals and alert at alarm limit violation.
ATEX Ex ia,
UL 61010B-1
ATEX Ex nA, UL as per
Approvals and CSA C22.2 -
IECEx Ga Ex ia 3111-1, GL
No. 1010.1-92
NEPSI Ex ia
Monitoring of a supply pipework using compact temperature assemblies and temperature switches
18 Temperature measurement
These temperature assemblies are mainly used in the chemical industry, but they also find their use in other areas of the
process industry, both in core as well as peripheral processes.
Model
TR10 TR11 TR12 TR13 TR15 TR88 TC10 TC12 TC13
Design
Sensor
measure- RTD: TC:
ment range -200 to +600 °C Type J, Type K 0 to +1100 °C
ATEX I GD Ex ia
Ex ATEX 1/2 GD Ex ia, Ex nA
approvals IECEx Ga/Gb Ex ia
NEPSI Ex ia
Flange
Flange Threaded Flange
according
Process Compression according to connection Compression according
Thread to DIN and Thread
connection fitting DIN and to existing fitting to DIN and
ANSI or for
ANSI thermowell ANSI
welding
Drilled
Fabricated thermowell out of tubing with
Thermowell Fabricated thermowell out of tubing with welded tip barstock - welded tip
thermowell
Thermowell
material
1.4435, 1.4571, 2.4819, 1.4816 - 1.4435, 1.4571, 2.4819, 1.4816
Additional
details in
Technical TI00256T TI257T TI01118T TI01097T TI01100T TI01098T TI274T TI01118T TI01097T
Information
brochure
Modular temperature assemblies for industrial applications 19
TC15 TC88 TH11 TH13 TH14 TH15 TH51 TH53 TH54 TH55
MgO-sheathing,
MgO-sheathing, exchangeable;
exchangeable;
diameter: 0.24 in (6 mm);
diameter: 6 mm, 3 mm
TC: TC:
RTD:
Type J, Type K Type J, Type K, Type E, Type N, Type T
-328 to +1,112°F (-200 to +600°C)
0 to +1100°C -330 to +1,600°F (-200 to +870°C)
ATEX I GD Ex ia
ATEX 1/2 GD Ex ia, Ex nA
- CSA (IS, NI) - CSA (IS, NI)
IECEx Ga/Gb Ex ia
NEPSI Ex ia
Drilled
barstock - - Drilled barstock thermowell - - Drilled barstock thermowell -
thermowell
1.4435,
1.4571, SS316L, Alloy 600, Alloy
- - SS316 or Alloy 600 - - -
2.4819, C276, Titan, Alloy 400
1.4816
All this saves time and costs and increases the planning security – misorders are practically impossible.
Basic technology Advanced technology
Device
configuration TM401 metric TM411 metric
Extension
Standard Standard, optional iTHERM QuickNeck
neck
iTEMP Transmitter
Accurate and reliable
measured value transmission
iTHERM TA30R
iTHERM QuickSens Stainless steel terminal head:
Shortest response times worldwide: • Optimal access to the terminals due
• Fast, high-precision measurements to a low housing edge
• Minimization of the needed insertion • Optional display
length • Protection class IP69K
• Use of thermowells without affecting
the measuring performance
iTHERM QuickNeck
Divisible neck with quick release:
• Removal of the insert without tools
• Protection class IP69K
iTHERM StrongSens
Unmatched robustness:
• Vibration resistance > 60g
• Automated, traceable production
Temperature measurement in the Food and Life Sciences industry 21
Additional
details in
Technical TI00105R TI00123R TI01058T TI01038T TI00123R TI00109R TI00139R
Information
brochure
Requirements at a glance
Terminal head/Communication
Field transmitter with display in 316L stain-
less steel for off-shore applications
Neck/Extension
Coupling piece with integrated flame path
barrier, Nipple-Union-Nipple (NUN)
Process connection
Flange according to ASME/ANSI, “full pen-
etration welding“, “Greylock“ connections,
weld-in connections
TMT162R/C,
Model TR61/TC61 TR62/TC62 TR63/TC63 TR65/TC65 TR66/TC66 T13/T53 T14/T54 T15/T55
TMT142R/C
Design
Fabricated
Fabricated
or barstock Stepped
For Without thermowell For
thermowell, with thermowell
threading Fabricated thermowell with flange threading
Special Fabricated Barstock field transmit- and spring
into an thermowell - direct and spring into an
features thermowell
existing with flange medium
thermowell ter TMT162 loaded
loaded me- existing
(2-channel) measurement
thermowell contact asurement thermowell
or TMT142 insert
insert
(1-channel)
Measure-
RTD, RTD,
ment
TC: Type J or K TC: Type J, Type K, Type E, Type N, Type T
principle
Measure-
RTD: -328 to 1112°F (-200 to +600°C) RTD: -58 to +392°F (-50 to +200°C)
ment
TC: -40 to 2012°F (-40 to +1100°C) TC: -328 to +1600°F (-200 to +870°C)
range
dependent on process connection
Process Dependent
pressure ≤ 1,450 psi ≤ 1,160 psi ≤ 1,450 psi
on ≤ 6,960 psi (480 bar) Dependent on thermowell
(100 bar) (80 bar) (100 bar)
thermowell
Wetted parts
1.4404/ 1.4404/
1.4404/SS316L;
SS316L; SS316L; 1.4404/SS316L,
Material Dependent 1.4749/SS446; Dependent
1.4571/ 1.4749/ 1.4404/ 2.4816/Alloy 600,
on 2.4819/Alloy C276 on
SS316Ti; SS446; SS316L 2.4819/Alloy C276, Tita-
thermowell Alloy 400 thermowell
2.4819/Alloy 2.4816/ nium, Alloy 400
2.4816/Alloy 600
C276 Alloy 600
Thread,
Thread, Thread, Thread,
Process compression
compression Thread compression Thread, flange welded Flange Thread
connection fitting, flange
fitting,
fitting connection
flange
TMT162R:
Additional TI266T/02
TMT162C:
details in
TR61, TC61: TR62, TC62: TR63, TC63: TR65, TC65: TR66, TC66: TI267T/02 T13, T14, T15: TI00126R/09
Technical
TI01029T TI01024T TI01030T TI01031T TI01032T TMT142R: T53, T54, T55: TI00127R/09
Information TI128R/09
brochure TMT142C:
TI129R/09
Approvals/certificates/tests
• NACE (MR0175): Suitability test of materials for acid gas surroundings by approval test EN 10204, 3.1 listed in the
NACE standard MR0175.
• Dye penetrant testing: Dye penetrant testing according to the ASME V and ASME VIII guidelines.
• X-ray test certificate: X-ray test certificate for thermowell welding seams in accordance with ASME V – ASME VIII.
• Thermowell calculation: Thermowell calculation according to ASME PTC 19.3 using customer specific pressure,
temperature and flow rate values.
• Helium leakage test: Sealing tightness test.
• Pressure test: Thermowell internal and external pressure test according to PED (Pressure Equipment Directive) in
Europe or CRN (Canadian Registration Number) in North and Central America.
24 Temperature measurement
High temperature measurement in cement production - with remote mounted head transmitter
Requirements at a glance
Terminal head
Form A terminal head
Form B terminal head
Process connection
Gas tight compression fitting,
adjustable flange or flat face flange
according to DIN 43734
Sensor/measurement insert
Thermocouples type J, K or type B, S, R
for application at high temperatures,
with ceramic or mineral coating
The diameter of the thermo wires for temperature assemblies in the TAF series must be defined for high temperatures.
The higher the process temperature is, the larger the thermo wire diameter has to be.
High temperature applications 25
Intermediate
- - - Ceramic C610, C799 -
sheath
Internal sheath Ceramic C610 - Ceramic C610, C799
Process Adjustable flange, gas tight compression fitting or
connection stop flange according to DIN 50446
Additional de-
tails in Techni-
TI00251T
cal Information
brochure
The combination of process conditions which bring about high temperatures as well as high flow velocities in aggressive
and corrosive media requires special design and engineering of custom-made thermowells and sensors. With these
components temperature measurement can be handled in applications such as hydro desulfurization, hydro crackers,
reactors, storage tanks, process containers and boilers with the required reliability and precision.
Advantages:
Multi-point thermocouples
Multi-point thermocouples are custom-made for applications in high pressure
process reactors.
SkinPoint thermocouples
Test center
Extensive measurement and test equipment are available for safeguarding the quality and continuous optimization of the
temperature assembly, thermowell and transmitters.
Performance test at 1652°F (900 °C) in a furnace and hydrostatic pressure test
Water triple point ITS90 calibrated, SPRT (Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer) Ice bath zero point calibration
cell reference temperature assembly
Certificates issued:
• Detailed works or Accredia-/DAkkS
calibration certificates with mea-
surement results according to
ISO 17025, calibrating uncertainties
according to GUM or DIN V
ENV 13005 and identification curve
approximations like Callendar/Van
Dusen coefficients
• Testimonials in accordance with
paragraph 3.1 EN 10204 regarding
material compositions (if necessary
with smelt composition), surface
roughness and ferrite content
30 Temperature measurement
Selection Configuration
+Temperature
Applicator® selection Configurator
During the planning of measurement points the course When configuring a measurement point numerous
is set right at the beginning, in the basic engineering standards and guidelines must be taken into account. This
phase. An optimally designed temperature assembly software supports the necessary detailed engineering:
has many advantages: • Avoids time consuming catalog research.
• Reliable and accurate measured values • Automatically delivers the correct order code.
• Low risk of later device failures • Increases the engineering productivity.
• Constant process quality
The Configurator+Temperature is a software which graphically
For the choice of the suitable temperature assembly the supports the configuration of the selected temperature
most important parameters such as medium, pressure assembly type. The selected temperature assembly is put
and temperature are requested in the Applicator together in detail step by step. This starts with the geom-
Selection. With these details the tool makes an initial etry of the sensor tip, the process connection, the neck and
suggestion which can then be filtered further. The ends with the choice of the terminal head and transmitter.
suggested device type technical data can be compared in Every step is supported in detail by illustrations and a
a table. The result is a temperature assembly type knowledge database.
which, on the one hand, meets all requirements but, on
the other hand, is also not technically over Not only all worldwide standards are deposited in the
dimensioned. knowledge database for temperature measurement
technology but also background information about the
The efficient choice of a suitable temperature assembly process industries, such as explosion protection and
saves engineering time and cost. hygienic processes. The Configurator+Temperature therefore leads
to an ordering structure and increases the quality of the
Additional information can be found at: detail engineering.
www.us.endress.com/applicator
Planning, commissioning and maintenance tools 31
Production Setup
Trademarks
Varivent is a trademark of GEA Tuchenhagen
iTherm, Liquiphant, iTEMP, Easytemp, Thermophant, FieldCare, W@M, ReadWin, and Applicator are trademarks of Endress+Hauser
Tri-Clamp is a trademark of Ladish & Co., Inc.
HART is a trademark of the HART Communication Foundation
Profibus is a trademark of the PROFIBUS User Organization
FOUNDATION Fieldbus is a trademark of the Fieldbus FOUNDATION
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners