CORPO CASE DIGESTS

A. CONCEPT AND ATTRIBUTES OF A CORPORATION

1. Magsaysay-Labrador vs. CA, 180 SCRA 266
2. Sulo ng Bayan vs. Araneta, 72 SCRA 247
3. Bataan Shipyard vs. PCGG, 150 SCRA 181
4. Luxuria Homes vs. CA, 302 SCRA 315
5. Concept Builders vs. NLRC, 257 SCRA 149
6. Francisco Motors vs. CA, 309 SCRA 72
7. Times Transportation Company vs. Santos Sotelo, et. al., GR No. 163786. February 16, 2005
8. Yao, Sr. vs. People, et al., 19 June 2007
9. Seventh Day Adventist vs. Northeastern Mindanao Mission, 21 July 2006
10. Lim Tong Lim vs. CA, 317 SCRA 728
11. International Express Travel and Tour Services vs. CA, October 19, 2000
12.Filipinas Broadcasting Network, Inc. vs. Ago Medical and Educational Center-Bicol Christian College of
Medicine, G.R. No. 141994, January 17, 2005
13. Coastal Pacific Trading, Inc. vs. Southern Rolling Mills Co., Inc. 497 SCRA 11, 28 July 2006

B. FORMATION AND ORGANIZATION OF A PRIVATE CORPORATION

14. Lyceum of the Philippines vs. CA, 219 SCRA 612
15. Ang Mga Kaanib sa Iglesia ng Dios vs. Iglesia ng Dios Kay Kristo Jesus, December 12, 2001
16. Young Auto Supply vs. CA, 223 SCRA 670
17. Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margarito B. Teves, et al. & Pablito V. Sanidad, et al., G.R. No.
176579, June 28, 2011
18. Heirs of Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margarito b. Teves, G.R. No. 176579, October 9, 2012
19. Narra Nickel v. Redmont, G.R. No. 195580, January 28, 2015

C. CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF A CORPORATION

20. Grace Christian Highschool vs. CA, 281 SCRA 133
21. Gokongwei vs. SEC, 89 SCRA 336
22. People's Aircargo vs. CA, Oct. 7, 1998
23. Marc II Marketing, Inc. and Lucila V. Joson v. Alfredo M. Joson, G.R. No. 171993, December 12, 2011
24. Sps. David, et al vs. Construction Industry and Arbitration Commission, G.R. No. 159795, July 30, 2004
25. Inter-Asia Investments Industries vs. CA, GR 125778, June 10, 2003
26. New Frontier Sugar Corp., et al., G.R. No. 170352, June 1, 2011
27. Marc II Marketing, Inc. vs. Joson, G.R. No. 171993, December 12, 2011, 662 SCRA 35

D. CORPORATE POWERS
28. Nielson & Co. vs. Lepanto Consolidated Mining Co., 26 SCRA 540
29. Islamic Directorate vs. CA, 272 SCRA 454
30. Dee vs. SEC, 199 SCRA 238
31. Ma. Corina C. Jiao, et. al. v. National Labor Relations Commission, Global Business Bank, Inc., et. al. , G.R. No.
182331, April 18, 2012
32. Loyola Grandvillas Homeowners Association vs. CA, 276 SCRA 681
33. China Banking Corporation vs. CA, 270 SCRA 503
34. Associated Bank vs. CA, 291 SCRA 511
35. Babst vs. CA, January 26, 2001
36. Mindanao Savings vs. Willkom, 11 October 2010

E. RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS
37. Lee vs. CA 205 SCRA 725
38. Republic vs. Sandiganbayan, April 30, 2003
39. Republic vs. Cocofed, December 12, 2001
40. Evangelista vs. Santos, 86 SCRA 387
41. Chua vs. CA, GR No. 150793, November 19, 2004
42. Expert Travel & Tours, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals and Korean Airlines GR No. 152392, May 26, 2005
43. Nestor
44. Gonzales vs. PNB,
Ching 122 SCRA
and Andrew 489
Wellington v. Subic Bay Golf and Country Club, Inc., G.R. No. 174353, September
10, 2014

F. SUBSCRIPTION CONTRACT
45. Lim Tay vs. CA, August 5, 1998
46. Rural Bank of Lipa vs. CA, Sept. 28, 2001
47. Ponce vs. Alsons Cement, Dec. 10, 2002
48. Ong Yong, et al. vs. Tiu, et al., G.R. Nos. 144476 & 144629, 4/8/2003

G. NON-STOCK CORPORATIONS
49. Long vs. Basa, et al., Sept. 27, 2001
50. Sta. Clara Homeowners' Association vs. Sps. Gaston, Jan. 23, 2002
51. Padcom vs. Ortigas Center, May 9, 2002
52. Tan vs. Sycip 17 August 2006

H. CLOSE CORPORATIONS
53. Dulay Enterprises vs. CA, 225 SCRA 678
54. San Juan Structural Steel Fabricators, 296 SCRA 632

I. RELIGIOUS/EDUCATIONAL CORPORATIONS
55. Iglesia Evangelica vs. Bishop Lazaro, 6 July 2010

J. CORPORATE DISSOLUTION/LIQUIDATION
56. Gelano vs. CA, 103 SCRA 90
57. Clarion Printing House, Inc. vs. NLRC, GR No. 148372, June 27, 2005
58. Lingkod Manggagawa sa Rubberworld vs. Rubberworld Phils., Inc. 29 January 2007
59. Garcia, et al vs. PAL, 29 August 2007
60. Sobrejuanite vs. ASB, 30 September 2005
61. Panlilio, et al. v. Regional Trial Court, etc., People of the Philippines and Social Security System, G.R. No.
173846, February 2, 2011
62. Alfredo Villamor, Jr. vs. John Umale, G.R. No. 172843, September 24, 2014

K. FOREIGN CORPORATIONS
63. Facilities Management vs. De la Osa, 89 SCRA 131
64. Home Insurance vs. Eastern Shipping Lines, 123 SCRA 424
65. Mentholatum, Inc. vs. Mangaliman, 73 Phil 524
66. Eriks vs. CA, 267 SCRA 567
67. Mentholatum vs. Mangaliman, 72 Phil 524
68. Merrill Lynch Futures, Inc. vs. CA, 211 SCRA 824
69. Agilent Technologies Singapore vs. Integrated Silicon Technology Philippines Corporation, G.R. No. 154618,
April 14, 2004
70. Expertravel & Tours, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals and Korean Airlines GR No. 152392, May 26, 2005
71. Steelcase, Inc. v. Design International Selections, Inc., 18 April 2012
72. Air Canada vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 778 SCRA 131, G.R. No. 169507 January 11, 2016
###
3S 3H Corpo

Chaps 1 and 2 of the following Course Outline

CORPORATION LAW
Course Outline

INTRODUCTION

Historical Background of Philippine Corporate Law

CONCEPT AND ATTRIBUTES OF A CORPORATION

A. Statutory definition of a corporation (Section 2, CC)

B. Attributes of a corporation

1. Artificial being
Doctrine of Corporate Entity
(i) residence and nationality
(ii) constitutional rights
(iii) criminal liability
(iv) right to recover moral damages

b. Doctrine of Piercing the Veil of Corporate Entity

(i) alter ego principle and instrumentality rule
(ii) probative factors of identity

2. Creature of Law (See constitutional limitations on the creation

of a private corporation, Article 12, Section 16, Constitution; Concession theory)

3. Right of Succession

4. Creature of Enumerated Powers, Attributes and Properties

Doctrine of limited capacities as compared to the Doctrine of general capacities)
b. Ultra vires doctrine

Classification of Private Corporations

stock and non-stock

domestic and foreign
dejure and de facto (Sec. 20, CC)
(See: doctrine of corporation by estoppel [Sec. 21, CC])
holding, affiliate and subsidiary
open and close

CASES: Magsaysay-Labrador vs. CA, 180 SCRA 266; Sulo ng Bayan vs. Araneta, 72 SCRA 247; Bataan Shipyard vs. PCGG, 150 SCR
FORMATION AND ORGANIZATION OF A PRIVATE CORPORATION

A. Submission of articles of incorporation; contractual significance

B. Contents and form of the Articles of Incorporation (Sec. 14 & 15, CC)
corporate name
statutory limitations on the use of corporate name (Sec. 18, CC)
SEC guidelines on the use of corporate name
Doctrine of secondary meaning
Change of corporate name
purpose clause
principal office
term of existence
doctrine of relation
incorporators
directors and trustees
capitalization
shares of stock (Sec. 6, CC)
doctrine of equality of shares
classes of shares
(i) par and no par
(ii) voting and non-voting
(iii) common and preferred
(iv) redeemable, treasury and founder's shares
treasurer's affidavit

C. Grounds for rejection of the Articles of Incorporation (Sec. 17, CC)

D. Commencement of corporate existence (Sec. 19, CC)
CASES: Lyceum of the Philippines vs. CA, 219 SCRA 612; Ang Mga Kaanib sa Iglesia ng Dios vs. Iglesia ng Dios Kay Kristo Jesus, D

CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF A CORPORATION

A. Levels of corporate control

B. Board of Directors/Trustees
general powers of the board (Sec. 23, CC)
business judgment rule
qualifications of the board members (Sec. 23 & 27, CC)
election of the board members (Sec. 24 & 26, CC); See cumulative voting procedure
term of office
quorum requirement in board meetings (Sec. 25, CC)
removal of board members (Sec. 28, CC)
vacancies in the board (Sec. 29, CC)
compensation of board members (Sec. 30, CC)

C. Corporate Officers
concept of corporate officers
validity and binding effect of acts of corporate officers
doctrine of apparent authority
D. Liability of directors, trustees and officers
instances when corporate officers/directors are held solidarily liable (Sec. 31, CC)
self-dealing directors/officers (Sec. 32, CC)
contracts involving inter-locking directors (Sec. 33, CC)
doctrine of corporate opportunity (Sec. 34, CC)

E. Executive committee (Sec. 35, CC)

CASES: Grace Christian Highschool vs. CA, 281 SCRA 133; Gokongwei vs. SEC, 89 SCRA 336; People's Aircargo vs. CA, Oct. 7, 199

CORPORATE POWERS

A. Doctrine of limited capacity; concept of ultra vires act (Sec. 45, CC)
B. Classes of corporate powers (express, implied and incidental)
C. Statutory powers of a corporation and the limitations on their exercise (Sec.
36, CC)
amendment of articles of incorporation (Sec. 16, CC)
extension/shortening of corporate term (Sec. 37, CC)
increase or decrease of capital stock (Sec. 38, CC)
incurrence, creation or increase of bonded indebtedness (Sec. 38, CC)
sale or disposition of assets (Sec. 40, CC)
acquisition of corporate shares (Sec. 41, CC) (See Trust Fund Doctrine)
investment of corporate funds (Sec. 42, CC)
declaration of dividends (Sec. 43, CC)
management contract (Sec. 44, CC)
adoption/amendment of By-laws
a. Concept, use and nature of by-laws
b. By-laws in relation to articles of incorporation
c. Adoption of by-laws (Sec. 46, CC); effect of non-filing within the
prescribed period
d. Contents of by-laws; requisites of a valid by-law provision
e. Amendment to by-laws (Sec. 48, CC)
f. By-laws in relation to third parties
11. merger and consolidation
a. Requisites of and procedure for merger and consolidation (Sec. 77,
CC)
b. Effects of merger or consolidation (Sec. 80, CC)

CASES: Nielson & Co. vs. Lepanto Consolidated Mining Co., 26 SCRA 540; Islamic Directorate vs. CA, 272 SCRA 454; Dee vs. SEC,

RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS

A. Right to attend meetings

1. Kinds of meetings
2. Requirements of a meeting
B. Right to vote
instances when voting right not available
rules on:
delinquent shares; (Sec. 71, CC)
escrow shares;
unpaid shares; (Sec. 72, CC)
sequestered shares;
pledgor, mortgagor, or administrator of shares (Sec. 55, CC)
shares jointly owned (Sec. 56, CC)

B. Right to appoint proxy (Sec. 58, CC)

C. Right to execute voting trust agreement (Sec. 58 & 59, CC)
D. Right of Inspection
1. Books required to be kept by a corporation (Sec. 74, CC)
2. Right to inspect corporate books
Basis and extent of the right of inspection
Limitations on the right of inspection
Remedies to enforce right of inspection

E. Pre-emptive right (Sec. 39, CC)

F. Appraisal Right
1. Concept of appraisal right
2. Instances of appraisal right (Sec. 81, Sec. 77, Sec. 42, CC)
3. Requirements for a valid exercise of appraisal right (Sec. 82, CC)
4. Effects of exercising appraisal right (Sec. 83, CC)

E. Derivative suit; concept and requisites

CASES: Lee vs. CA 205 SCRA 725; Republic vs. Sandiganbayan, April 30, 2003; Republic vs. Cocofed, December 12, 2001; Evange

SUBSCRIPTION CONTRACT

A. Ways to become a stockholder of a corporation

B. Concept of subscription contract
C. Kinds of subscription (pre and post incorporation subscription, Sec. 61, CC)
D. Consideration for the issuance of shares (Sec. 62, CC)
E. Payment of subscription
remedies to enforce payment of subscription (Sec. 68, 69 & 70, CC)
when shares are considered delinquent (Sec. 67, CC)
F. Certificate of Stock (Sec. 63, CC)
doctrine of indivisibility of subscription contract
certificate of stock, quasi-negotiable
G. Transfer of shares
H. Lost and destroyed certificate of stock (Sec. 73, CC)

CASES: Lim Tay vs. CA, August 5, 1998; Rural Bank of Lipa vs. CA, Sept. 28, 2001; Ponce vs. Alsons Cement, Dec. 10, 2002; Ong Y

NON-STOCK CORPORATIONS

A. Definition and purposes of a non-stock corporation (Sec. 87 & 88, CC)

B. Distinguished from stock corporation
C. Membership in a non-stock corporation
D. Rule on distribution of assets (Sec. 94, CC)

CASES: Long vs. Basa, et al., Sept. 27, 2001; Sta. Clara Homeowners' Association vs. Sps. Gaston, Jan. 23, 2002; Padcom vs. Orti

CLOSE CORPORATIONS

A. Concept; distinguished from open corporations (Sec. 96, 97, 101, & 102, CC)
B. Permissive provisions in the articles of incorporation (Sec. 97, CC)
C. Restrictions on transfer of shares (Sec. 98 & 99 CC)

CASES: Dulay Enterprises vs. CA, 225 SCRA 678; San Juan Structural Steel Fabricators, 296 SCRA 632

RELIGIOUS/EDUCATIONAL CORPORATIONS
A. Classes of Religious Corporation
1. corporation sole
2. religious society
B. Educational Corporation

CASE: Iglesia Evangelica vs. Bishop Lazaro, 6 July 2010

CORPORATE DISSOLUTION/LIQUIDATION

A. Methods of voluntary corporate dissolution and the requirements therefor

B. Concept of involuntary dissolution and the grounds therefor (Sec. 121, CC)
C. Corporate liquidation (Sec. 122, CC)
D. Methods of liquidation or winding up
E. Concept of Rehabilitation; Effects of appointment of management committee
or receiver

CASES: Gelano vs. CA, 103 SCRA 90; Clarion Printing House, Inc. vs. NLRC, GR No. 148372, June 27, 2005; Lingkod Manggagawa

XV. FOREIGN CORPORATIONS

Concept of foreign corporation

Tests to determine nationality of a corporation (Control Test and Grandfather Rule)
Concept of "doing business" and the license requirement therefor; See also Sec. 3(d), RA 7042
Effects of being issued a license
Revocation and withdrawal of license

CASES: Facilities Management vs. De la Osa, 89 SCRA 131; Home Insurance vs. Eastern Shipping Lines, 123 SCRA 424; Menthola
an Shipyard vs. PCGG, 150 SCRA 181; Luxuria Homes vs. CA, 302 SCRA 315; Concept Builders vs. NLRC, 257 SCRA 149; Francisco Motors vs.
esia ng Dios Kay Kristo Jesus, December 12, 2001; Young Auto Supply vs. CA, 223 SCRA 670; Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margari
le's Aircargo vs. CA, Oct. 7, 1998; Marc II Marketing, Inc. and Lucila V. Joson v. Alfredo M. Joson, G.R. No. 171993, December 12, 2011; Sps.

CA, 272 SCRA 454; Dee vs. SEC, 199 SCRA 238; Ma. Corina C. Jiao, et. al. v. National Labor Relations Commission, Global Business Bank, Inc.
ed, December 12, 2001; Evangelista vs. Santos, 86 SCRA 387; Chua vs. CA, GR No. 150793, November 19, 2004; Expert Travel & Tours, Inc. v

s Cement, Dec. 10, 2002; Ong Yong, et al. vs. Tiu, et al., G.R. Nos. 144476 & 144629, April 8, 2003
Jan. 23, 2002; Padcom vs. Ortigas Center, May 9, 2002; Tan vs. Sycip 17 August 2006

7, 2005; Lingkod Manggagawa sa Rubberworld vs. Rubberworld Phils., Inc. 29 January 2007; Garcia, et al vs. PAL, 29 August 2007; Sobrejua

Lines, 123 SCRA 424; Mentholatum, Inc. vs. Mangaliman, 73 Phil 524; Eriks vs. CA, 267 SCRA 567; Mentholatum vs. Mangaliman, 72 Phil 52
CRA 149; Francisco Motors vs. CA, 309 SCRA 72; Times Transportation Company vs. Santos Sotelo, et. al., GR No. 163786. February 16, 200
oa v. Finance Secretary Margarito B. Teves, et al. & Pablito V. Sanidad, et al., G.R. No. 176579, June 28, 2011; Heirs of Wilson P. Gamboa v. Fi
993, December 12, 2011; Sps. David, et al vs. Construction Industry and Arbitration Commission, G.R. No. 159795, July 30, 2004; Inter-Asia

ion, Global Business Bank, Inc., et. al. , G.R. No. 182331, April 18, 2012; Loyola Grandvillas Homeowners Association vs. CA, 276 SCRA 681;
4; Expert Travel & Tours, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals and Korean Airlines GR No. 152392, May 26, 2005; Gonzales vs. PNB, 122 SCRA 489; Nest
PAL, 29 August 2007; Sobrejuanite vs. ASB, 30 September 2005; Panlilio, et al. v. Regional Trial Court, etc., People of the Philippines and So

um vs. Mangaliman, 72 Phil 524; Merrill Lynch Futures, Inc. vs. CA, 211 SCRA 824; Agilent Technologies Singapore vs. Integrated Silicon Tech
No. 163786. February 16, 2005; Yao, Sr. vs. People, et al., 19 June 2007; Seventh Day Adventist vs. Northeastern Mindanao Mission, 21 July
Heirs of Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margarito b. Teves, G.R. No. 176579, October 9, 2012; Narra Nickel v. Redmont, G.R. No. 19
59795, July 30, 2004; Inter-Asia Investments Industries vs. CA, GR 125778, June 10, 2003; New Frontier Sugar Corp., et al., G.R. No. 170352,

ociation vs. CA, 276 SCRA 681; China Banking Corporation vs. CA, 270 SCRA 503; Associated Bank vs. CA, 291 SCRA 511; Babst vs. CA, Janua
es vs. PNB, 122 SCRA 489; Nestor Ching and Andrew Wellington v. Subic Bay Golf and Country Club, Inc., G.R. No. 174353, September 10, 2
eople of the Philippines and Social Security System, G.R. No. 173846, February 2, 2011; Alfredo Villamor, Jr. vs. John Umale, G.R. No. 17284

pore vs. Integrated Silicon Technology Philippines Corporation, G.R. No. 154618, April 14, 2004; Expertravel & Tours, Inc. vs. Court of Appea
tern Mindanao Mission, 21 July 2006; Lim Tong Lim vs. CA, 317 SCRA 728; International Express Travel and Tour Services vs. CA, October 19
Nickel v. Redmont, G.R. No. 195580, January 28, 2015
Corp., et al., G.R. No. 170352, June 1, 2011; Marc II Marketing, Inc. vs. Joson, G.R. No. 171993, December 12, 2011, 662 SCRA 35;

SCRA 511; Babst vs. CA, January 26, 2001; Mindanao Savings vs. Willkom, 11 October 2010
No. 174353, September 10, 2014
s. John Umale, G.R. No. 172843, September 24, 2014

& Tours, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals and Korean Airlines GR No. 152392, May 26, 2005; Steelcase, Inc. v. Design International Selections, Inc.,
our Services vs. CA, October 19, 2000; Filipinas Broadcasting Network, Inc. vs. Ago Medical and Educational Center-Bicol Christian College o
2, 2011, 662 SCRA 35;
International Selections, Inc., 18 April 2012; Air Canada vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 778 SCRA 131, G.R. No. 169507 January 11,
enter-Bicol Christian College of Medicine, G.R. No. 141994, January 17, 2005; Coastal Pacific Trading, Inc. vs. Southern Rolling Mills Co., Inc
1, G.R. No. 169507 January 11, 2016
Southern Rolling Mills Co., Inc. 497 SCRA 11, 28 July 2006
G.R. No. 227990 Citystate Savings Bank v. Tobias REYES, JR.
G.R. No. 228890 People v. Tomawis y Ali CAGUIOA,
G.R. No. 226481 People v. Mola y Selbosa PERALTA, J
G.R. No. 201414 Perez v. People LEONEN, J
G.R. No. 195962 (ResolutionPresidential Commission on Good Government v. Office of the Ombud CAGUIOA,
G.R. No. 219953 People v. Reyes y Ginove PERALTA, J
G.R. No. 234048 People v. Alvarado y Flores GESMUNDO
G.R. No. 234018 People v. De Dios y Barreto REYES, JR.
G.R. No. 231133 People v. Otico CAGUIOA,
G.R. No. 227427 People v. Callejo y Tadeja CAGUIOA,
G.R. No. 227394 People v. Sood y Amatondin CAGUIOA,
G.R. No. 226485 (ResolutionPeople v. Delociembre y Andales PERLAS-BE
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