Microbiología General

(1410 grupo 05)

Profesor: Alejandro Camacho Cruz
Laboratorio 1”C” Cepario
Lo que hago como microbiólogo
http://amyd.quimica.unam.mx/
 Evaluación
• Exámenes parciales (acumulativos) 80 %. 1 examen
reprobado (final)
• Examen Departamental (un parcial más) para los
alumnos que presenten examen final equivale al 30 %
de su calificación (se promedia el examen final 70 %
y el departamental 30 %)
• Exámenes rápidos al iniciar o finalizar la clase (5 a
10 preguntas) 10 %
• Tareas, resúmenes, cuestionarios (10%) solo se
reciben en la fecha acordada.
• Calificación para exentar: 8.0
• CALIFICACIÓN MINIMAPARA APROBAR EL CURSO
6.0 (5.999999 NO ES APROBATORIA)
• Puntualidad
Yo, ¿Por qué repruebo
microbiología general?
Bibliografía
 Algunas páginas de interés
• http://www.nature.com/
• https://www.nature.com/nrmicro/
• http://www.bact.wisc.edu/Microtextbook/index.php
• http://www.textbookofbacteriology.net/
• http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations
/biology.html
• http://www.mycology.adelaide.edu.au/
• http://www.dibico.com/
 Microbiología
• Se ha definido como el estudio de
organismos y agentes demasiado pequeños
para ser observados con el ojo humano a
simple vista.
Diversidad Microbiana

Algas

Arqueas

Bacterias

Virus Hongos

Protozoarios
 Procariontes
Bacterias. Unicelulares, tiene pared
celular (peptidoglucano) presentan
formas y metabolismo diverso.
 Procariontes
Arqueobacterias o Arqueas.
Unicelulares tienen una membrana y
pared composición variable, crecen
en ambientes extremos.

Methanosphaera stadtmanae Ferroplasma acidiphilum

 Eucariontes
Algas. Pluricelulares y unicelulares, su pared
celular es de composición variable
(celulosa, silice, carbonato de calcio)
fotosintéticas y autótrofas.
 Eucariontes
Hongos. Filamentosos (pluricelulares)
principalmente aerobios y levaduriformes
(unicelulares) son facultativos, ambos son
heterótrofos
 Eucariontes
Protozoarios. Unicelulares, heterótrofos y
carecen de pared celular, la mayoría
son móviles.
 Virus
Contienen material genético (ADN o ARN) pero
no tienen metabolismo propio. No pueden ser
considerados como microorganismos.
Deinococcus radiodurans
 La microbiología en la
formación del QA y QFB
 Magnetotactic bacteria used to generate electricity based
on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction

Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides proof-of-concept of

electromagnetic induction using magnetosomes or magnetotactic bacteria in an
experimental setup based on the law of Faraday.
The concept of using these bacteria or their biomineralized magnetic nanoparticles as
a biological alternative in low voltage electricity generation has the potential to be
further explored and developed.

doi:10.1111/lam.12862
 The coffee-machine bacteriome:
biodiversity and colonisation of
the wasted coffee tray leach
Cristina Vilanova1, Alba Iglesias1 & Manuel Porcar1,2

Microbial communities are ubiquitous in both natural and artificial environments.

However, microbial diversity is usually reduced under strong selection pressures,
such as those present in habitats rich in recalcitrant or toxic compounds displaying
antimicrobial properties. Caffeine is a natural alkaloid present in coffee, tea and soft
drinks with well-known antibacterial properties. Here we present the first systematic
analysis of coffee machine-associated bacteria. We sampled the coffee waste
reservoir of ten different Nespresso machines and conducted a dynamic monitoring
of the colonization process in a new machine. Our results reveal the existence of a
varied bacterial community in all the machines sampled, and a rapid colonisation
process of the coffee leach.

The community developed from a pioneering pool of enterobacteria and other

opportunistic taxa to a mature but still highly variable microbiome rich in coffee-
adapted bacteria. The bacterial communities described here, for the first time, are
potential drivers of biotechnologically relevant
processes including decaffeination and bioremediation.
Bacterial profile of the nine Nespresso machines sampled according to
16S rRNA gene sequencing. Samples numbered in accordance to
Table 1