Repair and Remedial Waterproofing

of Buildings
Common Problems in Buildings
Repair of Cracks
 Classification of Cracks

Type of Cracks

Non - Structural Structural

Cracks in Masonry and Concrete
 Repair of Cracks in Masonry Wall

• Cracks in sidewalls that are larger than hairline cracks must be

enlarged before repair. Enlarging should be done along the entire
length of the crack with a cold chisel and hammer.

• Make the crack wider at the bottom than at the top. This is
known as undercutting. It helps to bond the new concrete with the
older concrete.

• Undercut the crack to a minimum depth of 1". The depth of the

undercutting depends on the size and depth of the crack to be
repaired.
 Repair of Cracks in Masonry Wall

•After the crack has been thoroughly undercut, remove all loose
material and brush the area with a wire brush.

• Use a garden hose or a tire pump to blow or wash away the dust
in the crack.

• Press non-shrink Crack Filling Compound firmly into the crack

with spatula or putty knife and level the surface.
 Repair of Non Structural Cracks with
Crack X Paste & Crack X Shrinkfree

Width Less than 5 mm Width 0 to 10 mm

Repair Methodology

Step 1
Open and
Clean the
crack Crack Size Recommendation

Up to 5 mm Crack X Paste

Step 2 Up to 10 mm Crack X Shrinkfree

Moisten
the crack

Step 3
Fill the cracks
with suitable
material
 Repair of Cracks on Concrete Wall

• Repairing of crack in a concrete wall

requires basically the same initial steps
as repairing a crack in a masonry wall.

• The cracked area must first be

undercut and widened in the same way
as previously described for a masonry
wall with a cold chisel and hammer.

• The width and depth of the

undercutting depends on the size and
length of the crack.
 Repair of Cracks on Concrete Wall

After all loose material has been chipped

away, thoroughly clean the undercut area
around the crack with a stiff wire brush.

Do not brush the area enough to smooth off

the edges. The rough surface created by the
chiseling provides a good bond for the new
concrete.

When the enlarged area has been thoroughly

cleaned, moisten the surface with water, mop
it and apply bond coat of Cement mixed with
Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP @ 1:1 ratio with a
brush.
 Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP
General Repair & Waterproofing Polymer
Areas of Application

• As a bond coat – For bonding of new concrete to old

concrete, masonry stone work, plastering
• For concrete repairs - Spalled concrete floors,
columns, beams, chajja, slabs, parapets, etc.
• For waterproofing – Small roof terraces, sunken
portions of toilets & bathrooms, chajja & lift pits,
balconies
• For cladding – Fixing or re-fixing of slip bricks, tiles,
stones & marble bedding
• As external rendering – Weatherproof & frost resistant
render
• As bonding slurry coat for pinhole treatment on
concrete surface
22-Feb-18
 Repair of Cracks on Concrete Wall

• Prepare a cement-sand mortar (1:3)

adding Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP @ 12 to 15%
by weight of cement.

• Place the mortar by hand or trowel on

the concrete surface when the bond coat is
in tacky condition.

• Strike-off excess material and finish the

area with trowel.
STRUCTURAL
REPAIRS AND
REHABILITATION
 Introducing
REPAIRPRO
Solution Approach towards
Building Repairs
Repair of Spall Concrete
 Steps for Repair

5 Steps

Surface Removing Protection Repairing Curing and

Preparation of corrosion of steel with Mortar Finishing
Step 1 – Surface Preparation
 Removal of Damaged Concrete –
Cleaning of Surface
• Deteriorated concrete surrounding the reinforcing or prestressing
steel should be carefully removed.

• Extreme care should be exercised to avoid damage to sound

concrete adjacent to the repair area and to steel bars.

• It is essential to remove concrete to a depth of at least 20mm

behind reinforcement in situations where carbonations and chloride
ingress has already reached steel bar.

• The level of cleaning required for steel reinforcements prior to

repair can vary depending on the type or nature of surface rust.

• The repair surface must be free of loose, weak, cracked or

damaged concrete
 Removal of Damaged Concrete –
Cleaning of Surface

Concrete removal behind

Water – blasting of concrete surface
reinforcement
 Profiling of Concrete Substrate

• Profiling of repair area - rectangular or square

• Profiling of edges with inward tapering – undercutting

Break and remove the damaged concrete Prepare the Profile at the Edge of Repair
Step 2 – Removing of Rust / Corrosion
 Cleaning and Treatment of Rebars

• Grit blasting of steel to remove traces of rust on surface

• In cases of chloride induced corrosion, the high pressure water

jet treatment is the only permissible method

• Restoring back the steel by replacing old bar with new one and
restoring all ties, stirrups.

• Another method of replacing corroded steel reinforcement is to

cut out the damaged area and splice in replacement bars with a
specified lap length

• Apply Dr. Fixit Rust Remover - wash with clean water

 Dr.Fixit Rust Remover
Removing Rust from Rebars

A single component product which effectively cleans rust from steel

surfaces.

Benefits
• Easy application : By brush
• Chloride free

Coverage
15-20 m2/L

Packs
Apply on re-bars during
500 ml & 1 L repairs to reinforced
concrete structures and then
clean with water jet
 1 2

Apply Dr. Fixit Rust

Remove the loose rust particles remover with a Brush
by scrubbing with the brush or Cotton Cloth

3 4

Leave the surface for 15 -30 mins

Wash the steel surface with water
Step 3 – Protection to Reinforcement
 Dr. Fixit Zinc Rich Primer
Galvanized Protection of Rebars

A single component product for steel reinforcement as an anti-corrosion

passivation layer.

Benefits
• Easy to apply - Brush
• Strong bonding to concrete & mortar Zinc Rich Primer coating on
re-bars and steel surfaces
Coverage
6 m2/L

Packs
1 Litre
Step 4 – Repairing with Surface Patch
Repair Material
 Application of Bonding Agent

Polymer Bonding Agent Epoxy Bonding Agent

• Places where concrete is • Places where atmosphere has
damp, these type of bonding some chemicals like industrial
agents work better areas

• Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP • Dr. Fixit Epoxy Bonding Agent

• Dr. Fixit Pidicrete MPB
 Dr. Fixit Polymer Mortar HB
Patch Repair High Strength Mortar

Technical Parameters
A Fibre-reinforced, shrinkage compensated, ready to use structural repair
mortar

Water – Powder Ratio: 0.17

Yield: 11.9 Litre / 25 Kg Bag
Built-up thickness per layer: 20 mm

Benefits
Reduces cracks due to shrinkage
Extremely low permeability : < 1%
Excellent adhesion to substrate - low Rebound Loss

Coverage
1 – 1.2 m2 / 25 Kg bag at 10 mm thickness
 1 2

Pre-wet the surface and wait till it Mix with water @ W/P ratio 0.17 for 3 – 5
becomes saturated surface dry. minutes with paddle mixer

3 4

Apply Epoxy Bonging Agent followed by Polymer Finish the surface with a straight edge
Mortar HB by hand / trowel to build thickness as trowel.
required
 Dr. Fixit Polymer Mortar HB vs.
Traditional Sand Cement Mortar
Traditional Sand Cement Mortar Dr. Fixit Polymer Mortar HB

• In regular 1:5:15 mortar - • Pre-mix mortar : needs only

Polymer, Sand & cement is to
be sourced from outside and to
be mixed at the site.
• Inconsistent performance due
to quality of sand
water addition at the site –
eliminates supervision for mixing
and saves time.

• In single coat maximum 10- • In single coat / pass up to

15mm can be achieved and 20mm can be achieved
second coat to be done after easily.
24hrs.
• In overhead application, it is easy
• In overhead application, high to maintain thickness as very less
rebound loss increases cost rebound loss.
Step 5 – Finish & Curing
 Dr. Fixit Fairing Mortar
For Smooth Surface Finish

Technical Parameters
A single component white cement base self-curing water-resistant finish
coat over repaired surface

Water – Powder Ratio: 0.28 to 0.32

Built-up thickness : 1 – 6 mm

Benefits
No water curing required – self cured
Provides smooth and white surface finish
Antimicrobial property – prevents growth of algae and fungi
Can be applied on moist substrate

Coverage
2 – 2.5 m2 / kg / mm thickness
 1 2

Mix Dr. Fixit fairing Mortar as per W/P ratio for

Pre-wet the repaired surface and wait minimum 10 - 15 minutes with paddle mixer.
till it becomes saturated surface dry.

3
4

Apply the Fairing Mortar by hand / trowel and Finish the surface with a straight edge
build the thickness as required. trowel / putty knife.
 CORROSION

Repair of Highly Distressed and Damaged

Structural Members
 Preparation - Caging and Supports

Support for Loads

Caging – Vertical and Footing

 What is required?

5 Steps
Removing Repairing
Protection Bonding Curing &
of with Micro
of steel Agent Finishing
corrosion Concrete
Apply Dr.Fixit Rust Remover followed by cleaning with water jet.

Then apply Dr. Fixit Zinc Primer for Corrosion Protection

Pre-wet the surface thoroughly and wait till it becomes
saturated surface dry
Step 4 – Repairing with Micro Concrete
 Dr. Fixit Micro Concrete
Structural Repair Mortar for Strengthening

A Ready-to-use free-flow self compacting shrinkage-compensated Polymer

Modified Mortar for repairs to damaged reinforced concrete members

Compressive Strength as ASTM C 109 - 99

3 days: 28 MPa
7 days: 40 MPa
28 Days: 55 MPa

Flexural Strength as ASTM C 580

28 Days: 6 MPa

Tensile Strength as ASTM C 307

7 Days: 2.5 MPa
 Dr. Fixit Micro Concrete
Structural Repair Mortar for Strengthening

Technical Parameters

Water – Powder Ratio: 0.15 – 0.16

Yield: 13.5 Litre / 25 Kg Bag
Built-up thickness: Up to 100 mm for single section

Benefits
No compaction required
Rapid strength gain
Extremely low permeability

Coverage
1.3 m2 / 25 Kg bag at 10 mm thickness
 Mixing of Micro Concrete

2
Mix Micro Concrete with water @ W/P ratio 0.16 for 3 – 5 minutes with paddle mixer.

3 4

Add aggregate in desired quantity for higher section and mix thouroughly.
 Formwork – Placing - Finishing

5 7

Place the water-tight shuttering and Cure the repaired substrate

Pre-wet the repaired surface and wait by moist gunny bags
till it becomes saturated surface dry.

6 8

Place the Micro Concrete by Finish the surface with

hopper from top Fairing Mortar
Remedial Waterproofing of
Building Sections
 Repair of Chajja
Provision of angle fillet at vertical wall junctions
• Provide an angle fillet/ wattah made of Polymer
Modified Mortar (PMM) with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP -
minimum size 50mm x 50mm
Repair of chajja
• Check the condition of chajja and repair it with
proper polymer modified structural grade repair
mortars.
Also, Provide Drip Mould below chajja, as shown

A. Marking and C. Finishing the fillet

hacking

B. Materials application
 Plaster Patch Repairs

• Check the condition of plaster by tapping with

nylon/rubber hammer.

• Method of application for repair of broken

plaster on masonry walls
 Separation Gaps of Masonry and Concrete

• Are there any cracks in the

separation joints of masonry
and concrete?

– Open the groove and clean it thoroughly with

water.

– Place a compressible Joint Board at the gap

– Apply a bonding agent on the surface and render

the joint face with polymer modified mortar made
with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP.

– Apply 2 coats of waterproofing coating prepared

 Sealing of Window Frame Gaps & Joints

Check the condition of Joints between

wooden or aluminium frame of windows
and masonry unit

Clean the area properly

Fill the joint with Dr. Fixit Silicone

Sealant.
 Treat Expansion Joints in Walls

Is there any expansion joints on walls?

– Such joints should be treated with Dr. Fixit PU
Sealant after proper preparation of the joints.

• Dr. Fixit Polyurethane Sealant:

– Single component non-sag polyurethane sealant
– Max. width of joint : 25 mm
– Width : Depth ratio not more than 2:1

–
Surface Preparation Primer application
- Clean the joint Sealant Application Finishing
- Apply Dr. Fixit Pidiprime
- Check the width A in single coat on joint Apply sealant on the Finish the sealant
surfaces
- Provide back-up rod or primed surface with a spatula
board to maintain width- - Do not apply primer on
depth ratio back-up rod or board
 Treatment to Plumbing lines

Are the plumbing lines properly fixed to walls

and any crack in the surrounding of pipe
mouths ?

– Fix them with anti-corrosive clamp a little

away from the building surface

– Repair the cracks with PMM with Dr. Fixit

Pidicrete URP
 Removal of Vegetation Growth
– Cut the plant growth about 4” above the base and
remove a section of stem above the cut.

– Make vertical cuts through the bark of the stump and

peel the bark back slightly to expose about 1” of the
inner wood.

– Apply either a thick paste made from Ammonium

Sulphamate crystals or spray any commercial weed
killer made of herbicide solution containing either
Glyphosate or Paraquat.

– Remove the entire plant with the root from the base
substrate

– Fill the gap by PMM made with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP.
 Roof Water Tank

Check the point of leakage

– Leakage through water inlet / outlet -
Repair the pipe and use PMM & Bathseal
double sided tape for proper bonding with
RCC tank

– Leakage due to surface cracks –

Fill the cracks with relevant material as per
width of the cracks

– Leakage from corner base of water tank

Repair with polymer modified mortar

Apply high performance polymer modified

cementitious coating Dr. Fixit Fastflex
Waterproofing of Water Tank

Dr. Fixit Fastflex

Treatment to Internal Dampness
 Solution to Mild / Moderate Dampness

Dr. Fixit Dampguard : Single component Damp-proof Coating for Internal

walls.

Features
– Microbial resistant - Possesses anti-fungal property and is resistant to micro-
organisms.
– Adhesion - Provides excellent adhesion to all cementitious substrates.
– Chemical resistant - Excellent resistance to water, salt water, mild acids,
alkalis & soap water.
– Eco-friendly – Non-toxic, non-hazardous and non-flammable. Safe for drinking
/ Potable water contact (CFTRI certified)
Application
– Remove the loose flakes of damp surface and clean the surface with water
– Apply putty made with Dr. Fixit Dampguard and cement to level the surface
– Apply two coats of damp proof coating Dr. Fixit Dampguard over the plastered
surface
Application Guidelines for Mild Dampness

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 Application Guidelines for Mild Dampness

4 2 5

3
 Dr. Fixit Dampguard

• Precautions & Limitations

– Not recommended for rising dampness.

– Do not apply directly on “neeroo” or POP – remove up to plaster level.
– Do not dilute with water more than recommendation.
– Do not apply below 100C.
– Do not apply directly on paints.
– Curing of coating depends upon the humidity and ventilation.
– In case of water tanks rinsing with plenty of water is required before
filling with water to avoid foaming.
– In case the putty becomes stiff, add a little water to attend the right
consistency
 Solution to Severe Dampness accompanied
with Efflorescence

• What is Efflorescence
– Visible white powders on the
surface of the masonry wall

• Reasons
• Water dissolves the salts in masonry
units like brick and sand in plaster
and carries them to the surface

• Then after the evaporation of

water salts crystallize on surface of
masonry or plaster leaving a white
residue.
 Method Guidelines

• Remove the plaster up to brick level and clean the surface with water

• Apply a bond coat with Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP– Cement slurry mix on
the brick masonry

• After drying of bond-coat, apply 2 coats of Dr. Fixit Pidifin 2K with a

gap of 6 – 8 hours

• Sprinkle sand on the second coat when it is still wet.

• Re-plaster with good quality mortar mixed with Dr. Fixit Pidiproof LW+
or Dr. Fixit Pidicrete URP.
Method of Application
Method of Application

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 Method of Application

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THANK YOU