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 Lines and Angles – 8.1

1.

Sol:
(i) Given angle is 20°
Since, the sum of an angle and its complement is 90°.
∴ its, complements will be ( 90 − 20 = 70° )
(ii) Given angle is 35°
Since, the sum of an angle and its complement is 90°.
∴ its, complements will be ( 90 − 35°= 55° )
(iii) The given angle is 90°
Since, the sum of an angle and its complement is 90°.
∴ [its, complements will be ( 90 − 90° = 0° ) ]
(iv) The given angle is 77°
Since, the sum of an angle and its complement is 90°.
∴ its, complements will be ( 90 − 77°= 13° )
(v) The given angle is 30°
Since, the sum of an angle and its complement is 90°.
∴ its, complements will be ( 90 − 30°= 60° )

2.

Sol:
(i) The given angle is 54°
Since, the sum of an angle and its supplement is 180°.
∴ its, supplements will be 180° − 54=° 126°
(ii) The given angle is 132°
Since, the sum of an angle and its supplement is 180°.
∴ its, supplements will be 180° − 132°= 48°
(iii) The given angle is 138°
Since, the sum of an angle and its supplement is 180°.
∴ its, supplements will be 180° − 138°= 42°

3.
Sol:
Angle measured will be ‘x’ say
∴ its complement will be ( 90 − x ) °

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 Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 9 & 10
Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Paper
JEE Main & Advanced Question Paper
NEET Previous Year Question Paper

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 It is given that
Angle = Complement −28°
⇒= x ( 90 − x ) ° − 28°
⇒ x°= 90° − 28° − x°
⇒ 2 x°= 62°
⇒ x = 31°
∴ Angle measured is 31°

4.
Sol:
Angle measured will be ‘x’ say
∴ its complement will be ( 90 − x ) °
It is given that
1
Angle= 30° + Complement
2
1
⇒ x°= 30° + ( 90 − x )
2
x
⇒ 3 = 30° + 45°
2
⇒ 3 x = 150°
150
⇒x=
3
⇒ x = 50°
∴ Angle is 50°

5.
Sol:
Supplementary angles are in the ratio 4 : 5
Let the angles be 4x and 5x
It is given that they are supplementary angles
∴ 4 x + 5 x = 180° x
⇒ 9 x = 180°
⇒ x = 20°
Hence, 4 x= 4 ( 20=
) 80°
5( =
x ) 5 ( 20=
) 100°
∴ Angles are 80° and 100°

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6.
Sol:
Given that two supplementary angles are differ by 48°
Let the angle measured is x°
∴ Its supplementary angle will be (180 − x ) °
It is given that
(180 − x ) − x = 98°
⇒ 180 − 48° =2 x
⇒ 132 = 2x
132
⇒x=
2
⇒ x = 66°
Hence, 180 − x = 114°
Therefore, angles are 66° and 114°

7.
Sol:
It is given that angle = 8times its complement
Let ‘x’ be measured angle
⇒ angle = 8 complements
⇒ angle = 8 ( 90 − x ) ° [ complement = ( 90 − x ) ° ]
⇒
= x° 8 ( 90 ) − 8 x°
⇒ 9 x=
° 720°
720
⇒ x= = 80
9
∴ The measured angle is 80°

8.
Sol:
Given that,
( 2 x − 10 ) ° and ( x − 5) ° are complementary angles
Let x be the measured angle
Since the angles are complementary
∴ Their sum will be 90°

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 ⇒ ( 2 x − 10 ) + ( x − 5 ) = 90°
⇒ 3 x − 15 =
90
⇒ 3 x= 90° + 15°
105° 105°
⇒=
x = = 35°
3 3
⇒ x = 35°

9.
Sol:
The angle measured will be ' x ' say.
Its complementary angle is ( 90° − x° ) and
Its supplementary angle is (180° − 3x° )
Given that,
=
Supplementary of thrice of the angle (180° − 3x° )
According to the given information
( 90 − x=
) ° (180 − 3x ) °
⇒ 3 x° − x=
° 180° − 90°
⇒ 2 x°= 90°
⇒ x = 45°
The angle measured is 45°

10.
Sol:
The measured angle will be ‘x’ say
Given that,
The angles measured will be differed by 10°
x° − ( 90 − x ) °= 10°
⇒ x − 90 + x =
10
⇒ 2x = 100
⇒ x = 50°
∴ The measure of the angle will be= 50°

11.
Sol:
Given that,
Supplementary of an angle = 3 times its complementary angle
The angles measured will be x°

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 Supplementary angle of x will be 180° − x° and
The complementary angle of x will be ( 90° − x° ) .
It’s given that
Supplementary of angle = 3times its complementary angle
x° 3 ( 90° − x° )
180° −=
⇒ 180° − x=° 270° − 3 x°
⇒ 3 x° − x=
° 270° − 180°
⇒ 2 x°= 90°
⇒ x = 45°
∴ Angle measured is 45°.

12.
Sol:
Given that
2
Supplementary of an angle = of angle itself
3
The angle measured be ‘x’ say.
Supplementary angle of x will be (180 − x ) °
It is given that
2
(180 − x )=° x°
3
2
⇒ 180° − x= ° x°
3
2
⇒ x° + x= ° 180°
3
⇒ 2 x° + 3 x° = 3 × 180°
⇒ 5 x=
° 540°
⇒ x = 108°
Hence, supplement =180 − 108 =72°
∴ Angle will be 108° and its supplement will be 72°.

13.
Sol:
Given that,
An angle is 14° more than its complementary angle
The angle measured is ‘x’ say
The complementary angle of ‘x’ is ( 90 − x )
It is given that

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 x − ( 90 − x ) =
14
⇒ x − 90 + x =
14
⇒ 2 x°= 90° + 14°
104°
⇒ x° =
2
⇒ x = 52°.
∴ The angle measured is 52°

14.
Sol:
Given that
The angle measure of an angle is twice of the measure of thee supplementary angle.
Let the angle measured will be ‘x’ say
∴ The supplementary angle of x is 180 − x as per question
x° 2 (180 − x ) °
=
x° 2 (180° ) − 2 x°
=
⇒ 3 x=
° 360°
⇒ x=° 120°
∴ The angle measured is 120°.

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 Lines and Angles – 8.2

1.

Sol:
(i) Given that x= 25°
Since ∠AOC and ∠BOC form a linear pair
∠AOC + ∠BOC = 180°
Given that
∠AOC = 2 y + 5 and ∠BOC =
3x
∴∠AOC + ∠BOC = 180°
( 2 y + 5) ° + 3=x 180°
( 2 y + 5) ° + 3 ( 25°=) 180°
2 y° + 5° + 75=
° 180°
2 y° + 80=° 180°
2 y=
° 180° − 80= ° 100°
100°
y°= = 50°
2
⇒ y = 50°
(ii) Given that if y= 35°
∠AOC + ∠BOC = 180°
( 2 y + 5) + 3x = 180°
( 2 ( 35) + 5) + 3x = 180°
( 70 + 5) + 3x = 180°
3= x 180° − 75°
3= x 105°
x= 35°
x= 35°

2.

Sol:
Adjacent angles are
(i) ∠AOC , ∠COB
(ii) ∠AOD, ∠BOD

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3.

Sol:
Since ∠AOD and ∠BOD are form a line pair
∠AOD + ∠BOD = 180°
∠AOD + ∠COD + ∠BOC
= 180°
Given that
∠AOD= ( x + 10 ) °, ∠COD= x°, ∠BOC= ( x + 20 ) °
⇒ ( x + 10 ) ° + x° + ( x + 20 )=
° 180°
⇒ 3 x + 30=
° 180°
⇒ 3=x 180° − 30°
⇒ 3 x = 150°
⇒ x = 50°
∴∠AOD= x + 10°
= 50° + 10°= 60°
∠COD = x° = 50°
∠BOC = x + 20° = 50 + 20 = 70°
4.

Sol:
Given that
Rays OA, OB, OD and OE have the common end point O.
A ray of opposite to OA is drawn
Since ∠AOB, ∠BOF are linear pairs
∠AOB + ∠BOF = 180°
∠AOB + ∠BOC + ∠COF
= 180° ......... (1)
Also
∠AOE , ∠EOF are linear pairs
∠AOE + ∠EOF= 180°
∠ADE + ∠DOF + ∠DOE
= 180° ......... ( 2 )
By adding (1) and (2) equations we get
∠AOB + ∠BOC + ∠COF + ∠AOE + ∠DOF + ∠DOE = 360°
∠AOB + ∠BOC + ∠COD + ∠DOE + ∠EOA = 360°
Hence proved

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5.

Sol:
Given that,
∠AOC and ∠BOC form a linear pair
If a − 2b =30°
∠AOC = a°, ∠BOC =
b°
∴ a + b= 180° .......... ( i )
Given a − 2b =30° ......... ( ii )
By subtracting (i) and (ii)
a + b − a + 2=
b 180° − 30°
⇒ 3b = 150°
150°
⇒b=
3
⇒ b = 50°
Hence a − 2b =30°
a − 2 ( 50 ) °= 30° [ b= 50°]
a= 30° + 100°
=
a 130°
∴ a = 130°, b = 50°.

6.
Sol:
Four pairs of adjacent angle formed when two lines intersect in a point they are
∠AOD, ∠DOB
∠DOB, ∠BOC
∠COA, ∠AOD
∠BOC , ∠COA
Hence 4 pairs

7.

Sol:
Pairs of adjacent angles are

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 ∠EOC , ∠DOC
∠EOD, ∠DOB
∠DOC , ∠COB
∠EOD, ∠DOA
∠DOC , ∠COA
∠BOC , ∠BOA
∠BOA, ∠BOD
∠BOA, ∠BOE
∠EOC , ∠COA
∠EOC , ∠COB
∴ Hence 10 pairs of adjacent angles

8.

Sol:
Since sum of all the angles round a point is equal to 360°. Therefore
⇒ 3 x + 3 x + 150 + x= 360°
⇒ 7 x=
° 360° − 150°
⇒ 7 x = 210°
210
⇒x=
7
⇒ x = 30°

9.

Sol:
Since ∠AOB and ∠BOC are linear pairs
∠AOB + ∠BOC = 180°
⇒ 70° + 2 x=
° 180°
⇒ 2 x=° 180° − 70°
⇒ 2 x = 110°
110
⇒x
2
⇒ x = 55°

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10.

Sol:
Since ∠POQ and ∠QOS are linear pairs
∠POQ + ∠QOS = 180°
⇒ ∠POQ + ∠QOR + ∠SOR = 180°
⇒ 60° + 4 x° + 40=
° 180°
⇒ 4 x=
° 180° − 100°
⇒ 4 x°= 80°
⇒ x = 20°

11.

Sol:
Here, ∠ACD + ∠BCD
= 180°
[Since ∠ACD, ∠BCD are linear pairs]
∠ACD =5 x, ∠BCD =4 x
⇒ 5 x + 4 x = 180°
⇒ 9 x = 180°
⇒ x = 20°
∴ x = 20°

12.
Sol:
Since ∠QOR, ∠POP are linear pairs
∠QOR + ∠POR
= 180°
⇒ 2 x + 10 + 3 x = 180° [ ∠QOR = 2 x + 10, ∠POR = 3 x ]
⇒ 5 x + 10 = 180°
⇒ 5=x 180° − 10
⇒ 5 x = 170°
⇒ x = 34°

13.

Sol:
Since a, b are linear pair

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 ⇒ a + b = 180°
⇒ a= 180 − b ........ (1)
Now,
1
⇒ a = b + × 90° [given]
3
⇒ a = b + 30° ....... ( 2 )
⇒ a − b = 30°
Equating (1) and (2) equations
180 − b = b + 30°
⇒ 180° − 30° = b + b
⇒ 150° =2b
150°
⇒b=
2
⇒ b = 75°
Hence= a 180 − b
= 180 − 75° [ b = 75°]
=
a 105°
∴ a = 105°, b = 75°

14.

Sol:
Since ∠AOC , ∠BOC are linear pair
⇒ ∠AOC + ∠BOC = 180°
⇒ 6 y + 30 + 4 y = 180°
⇒ 10 y + 30 = 180°
⇒ 10=y 180° − 30°
⇒ 10 y =150°
150°
⇒y=
10
⇒ y = 15°

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15.

Sol:
(i) ∠FOE =∠
x, DOE =y and ∠BOC =
z sat
Since ∠AOF , ∠FOG is Linear pair
⇒ ∠AOF + 30° =180° [∠AOF + ∠FOG =180° and ∠FOG =30°]
⇒ ∠AOF
= 180° − 30°
⇒ ∠AOF = 150°
⇒ ∠AOB + ∠BOC + ∠COD + ∠DOE + ∠EOF
= 150°
⇒ 30° + z + 30° + y +=
x 150°
⇒ x + y +=z 150° − 30° − 30°
⇒ x + y + z = 90° ..... (1)
Now ∠FOC = 90°
⇒ ∠FOE + ∠EOD + ∠DOC= 90°
⇒ x + y + 30°= 90°
⇒ x + y= 90° − 30°
⇒ x + y = 60° ....... ( 2 )
Substituting (2) in (1)
x + y + z = 90°
⇒ 60 + z= 90° ⇒ z= 90° − 60°= 30°
i.e., ∠BOC = 30°
Given ∠BOE = 90°
⇒ ∠BOC + ∠COD + ∠DOE= 90°
⇒ 30° + 30° + ∠DOE= 90°
⇒ ∠DOE= 90° − 60°= 30°
∴∠DOE= x= 30°
Now, also we have
x + y = 60°
⇒ y= 60° − x= 60° − 30°= 30°
∠FOE = 30°
(ii) Right angles are
∠DOG, ∠COF , ∠BOF , ∠AOD
(iii) Three pairs of adjacent complementary angles are
∠AOB, ∠BOD;
∠AOC , ∠COD;
∠BOC , ∠COE ,

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 (iv) Three pairs of adjacent supplementary angles are
∠AOB, ∠BOG;
∠AOC , ∠COG;
∠AOD, ∠DOG,
(v) Three pairs of adjacent angles
∠BOC , ∠COD;
∠COD, ∠DOE;
∠DOE , ∠EOF ,

16.

Sol:
Given that
OP, OQ, OR and OS are four rays
You need to produce any of the ray OP, OQ, OR and OS backwards to a point in the
figure.
Let us produce ray OQ backwards to a point
T so that TOQ is a line
Row OP stands on the TOQ
Since ∠TOP, ∠POQ is linear pair
∠TOP + ∠POQ
= 180° ....... (1)
Similarly, ray OS stands on the line TOQ
∴∠TOS + ∠SOQ
= 180° .......... ( 2 )
But ∠SOQ = ∠SOR + ∠QOR
So, (2), becomes
∠TOS + ∠SOR + ∠OQR= 180°
Now, adding (1) and (3) you get
∠TOP + ∠POQ + ∠TOS + ∠SOR + ∠QOR= 360°
⇒ ∠TOP + ∠TOS = ∠POS
∴ ( 4 ) becomes
∠POQ + ∠QOR + ∠SOR + ∠POS
= 360°

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17.

Sol:
Given,
Ray OS stand on a line POQ
Ray OR and Ray OT are angle bisectors of ∠POS and ∠SOQ respectively
∠POS = x
∠POS and ∠QOS is linear pair
∠POS + ∠QOS= 180°
x + ∠QOS
= 180°
∠QOS =180 − x
Now, ray or bisector ∠POS
1
∴∠ROS= ∠POS
2
1
=× x [ ∠POS = x]
2
x
∠ROS =
2
Similarly ray OT bisector ∠QOS
1
∴∠TOS= ∠QOS
2
180 − x
= [ ∠QOS =180 − x ]
2
x
= 90 −
2
∴∠ROT = ∠ROS + ∠ROT
x x
= + 90 −
2 2
= 90°
∴∠ROT= 90°

18.
Sol:
Given ∠POR and ∠ROP is linear pair
∠POR + ∠ROP = 180°
Given that
∠POR : ∠ROP = 5:7
5
∴∠POR= ×180= 75°
12

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 7
Similarly ∠ROQ
= ×180=° 105°
5+7
Now, ∠POS =
∠ROQ =105° [ Vertically opposite angles]
∴∠SOQ =
∠POR =
75° [ Vertically opposite angles]

19.
Sol:
Given that, OR perpendicular
∴∠POR= 90°
∠POS + ∠SOR =
90° [ ∠POR = ∠POS + ∠SOR ]
∠ROS= 90° − ∠POS .......... (1)
∠QOR =
90° ( OR ⊥ PQ )
∠QOS − ∠ROS= 90°
∠ROS =∠QOS − 90° ......... ( 2 )
By adding (1) and (2) equations, we get
2∠ROS = ∠QOS − ∠POS
1
∠ROS= ( ∠QOS − ∠POS )
2

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 Lines and Angles – 8.3

1.
Sol:
Given that
x = 45°, y = ?, z = ?, u = ?
Vertically opposite sides are equal
∴ z = x = 45°
z and u angles are linear pair of angles
∴ z + u= 180°
=
z 180° − 4
⇒=u 180° − x
⇒ u= 180° − 45° [ x= 45°]
⇒ u = 135°
x and y angles are linear pair of angles
∴ x + y= 180°
=y 180° − x
=y 180° − 45°
=y 135°
∴ x = 45°, y = 135°, z = 135° and u = 45°

2.

Sol:
Vertically opposite angles are equal
So ∠BOD = z =°90
∠DOF = y =°
50
Now, x + y + z = 180° [Linear pair]
⇒ x + y + z = 180°
⇒ 90° + 50° +=
x 180°
⇒=x 180° − 140°
⇒ x = 40°

3.

Sol:
From the given figure
∠y = 25° [ Vertically opposite angles are equal]

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 Now
∠x + ∠=
y 180° [Linear pair of angles are x and y]
⇒ ∠=
x 180° − 25°
⇒ ∠= x 155°
Also
∠z =∠x =155° [Vertically opposite angle]
∠y = 25°
∠z =∠z =155°

4.
Sol:
Vertically opposite angles are equal
∠AOE = ∠BOF = 5x
Linear pair
∠COA + ∠AOE + ∠EOD = 180°
⇒ 3 x + 5 x + 2 x = 180°
⇒ 10 x =180°
⇒ x = 18°

5.
Sol:
Given,
Lines AOB and COD intersect at point O such that
∠AOC = ∠BOD
Also OE is the bisector ∠ADC and OF is the bisector ∠BOD
To prove: EOF is a straight line vertically opposite angles is equal
∠AOD =
∠BOC =
5x ........ (1)
Also ∠AOC + ∠BOD
⇒ 2∠AOE = 2∠DOF ........... ( 2 )
Sum of the angles around a point is 360°
⇒ 2∠AOD + 2∠AOE + 2∠DOF= 360°
⇒ ∠AOD + ∠AOF + ∠DOF = 180°
From this we conclude that EOF is a straight line.

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 Given that: AB and CD intersect each other at O
OE bisects ∠COB
To prove: ∠AOF = ∠DOF
Proof: OE bisects ∠BOD
∠COE = ∠EOB = x
Vertically opposite angles are equal
∠BOE = ∠AOF = x ....... (1)
∠COE =
∠DOF =
x ....... ( 2 )
From (1) and (2)
∠AOF = ∠DOF = x

6.
Sol:
Given,
AB and CD are two lines intersecting at O such that
∠BOC = 90°
∠AOC = 90°, ∠AOD = 90° and ∠BOD = 90°
Proof:
Given that ∠BOC = 90°
Vertically opposite angles are equal
∴∠AOC = ∠BOD = 90°
Hence, ∠AOC = ∠BOC = ∠BOD = ∠AOD =
90°

7.

Sol:
(i) Given x= 60°
y=?

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 ∠AOC , ∠BOC are linear pair of angles
∠AOC + ∠BOC = 180°
⇒ 2 x + y = 180°
⇒ 2 × 60 + y = 180° [ x = 60°]
⇒=
y 180° − 120°
⇒ y = 60°

(ii) Given y = 40°, x = ?

∠AOC and ∠BOC are linear pair of angles
∠AOC + ∠BOC = 180°
⇒ 2 x + y = 180°
⇒ 2 x + 40 = 180°
⇒ 2 x = 140°
140°
⇒x=
2
⇒ y = 70°

8.

Sol:
∠AOE and ∠EOB are linear pair of angles
∠AOE + ∠EOB
= 180°
∠AOE + ∠DOE + ∠BOD = 180°
⇒ ∠DOE = 180° − 40° − 35= ° 105°
Vertically opposite side angles are equal
∠DOE = ∠COF = 105°
Now, ∠AOE + ∠AOF = 180° [ Linear pair]
⇒ ∠AOE + ∠AOC + ∠COF = 180°
⇒ 40° + ∠AOC + 105= ° 180°
⇒ ∠AOC = 180° − 145°
⇒ ∠AOC= 35°
Also, ∠BOF = ∠AOE = 40° [ Vertically opposite angle are equal]

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9.
Sol:

Given
OF bisects ∠BOD
OF bisects ∠BOD
∠BOF = 35°
∠BOC =
?
∠AOD = ?
∴∠BOD = 2∠BOF = 70° [ of bisects ∠BOD ]
∠BOD = ∠AOC = 70° [ ∠BOD and ∠AOC are vertically opposite angles]
Now,
∠BOC + ∠AOC= 180°
⇒ ∠BOC + 70=
° 180°
⇒ ∠BOC
= 110°
∴∠AOD = ∠BOC = 110° [Vertically opposite angles]

10.

Sol:
Given that
∠AOC + ∠BOE = 70° and ∠BOD = 40°
∠BOE = ?
Here, ∠BOD and ∠AOC are vertically opposite angles
∠BOD = ∠AOC = 40°
Given ∠AOC + ∠BOE = 70°
40° + ∠BOF= 70°
∠BOF= 70° − 40°
∠BOE = 30°
∠AOC and ∠BOC are linear pair of angles

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 ⇒ ∠AOC + ∠COF + ∠BOE
= 180°
⇒ ∠COE = 180° − 30° − 40°
⇒ ∠COE = 110°
∴ Reflex ∠COE
= 360° − 110= ° 250°.

11.

Sol:
(i) True
(ii) False
(iii) False
(iv) true

12.
Sol:
(i) Obtuse angle
(ii) 180°
(iii) uncommon

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 Lines and Angles – 8.4

1.
Sol:
Let ∠1 =3x and ∠2 =2x
∠1 and ∠2 are linear pair of angle
Now, ∠1 + ∠= 2 180°
⇒ 3 x + 2 x = 180°
⇒ 5 x = 180°
180°
⇒x=
5
⇒ x = 36°
∴∠1= 3 x= 108°, ∠2= 2 x= 72°
Vertically opposite angles are equal
∠1 =∠3 =108°
∠2 =∠4 =72°
∠6 =∠7 =108°
∠5 =∠8 =72°
Corresponding angles
∠1 =∠5 =108°
∠2 =∠6 =72°

2.

Sol:
From the given figure:
∠3 + ∠m YZ = 180° [Linear pair]
⇒ ∠= 3 180° − 120°
⇒ ∠3= 60°
Now line l parallel to m
∠1 =∠3 [Corresponding angles]
⇒ ∠1= 60°
Also m || n
⇒ ∠=2 120° [Alternative interior angle]
∴∠1 = ∠3 = 60°
∠2= 120°

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3.
Sol:
Produce LK to meet GF at N.
Now, alternative angles are equal
∠CHG = ∠HGN = 60°
∠HGN = 60° [Corresponding angles]
∠KNF =
∴∠KNG
= 180° − 60=
° 120°
∠GNK =∠AKL = 120° [Corresponding angles]
∠AKH =∠KHD = 25° [Alternative angles]
∴∠HKL = ∠AKH + ∠AKL = 25° + 120° = 145°.

4.

Sol:
Produce EF to intersect AC at K.
Now, ∠DCE + ∠CEF = 35° + 145° =
180°
∴ EF || CD [ Sum of Co-interior angles is 180] ……(1)
Now, ∠BAC = ∠ACD =57°
∴ BA || CD [ Alternative angles are equal] ……(2)
From (1) and (2)
AB || EF [Lines parallel to the same line are parallel to each other]
Hence proved.

5.

Sol:
Since EF || CD
∴ EFC + ∠ECD = 180° [Co-interior angles are supplementary]
⇒ ∠ECD= 180° − 130°= 50°
Also BA || CA
⇒ ∠BAC = ∠ACD = 70° [alternative angles]
But
∠ACE + ∠ECD= 70°
⇒ ∠ACE= 70° − 50°= 20°

6.

Sol:
AB is produce to meet PR at K

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 Since PQ || AB
∠QPR =
∠BKR =
102° [Corresponding angles]
Since PR || BC
∴∠RKB + ∠CBK= 180° [ Corresponding angles are supplementary]
⇒ ∠CKB= 108 − 102= 78°
∴∠CKB= 78°.

7.

Sol:

Vertically opposite angles are equal

∠EOC = ∠DOK = 100°
Angle ∠DOK = ∠∆CO = 100°
Here two lines EK and CA cut by a third line ‘l’ and the corresponding angles to it are
equal ∴ EK || AC.

8.

Sol:
Corresponding angles are equal
∠1 =∠3 =85°
By using the property of cointerior angles are supplementary
∠2 + ∠3= 180°
∠2 + 55=
° 180°
∠=2 180° − 55°
∠2 = 95°
∴∠2= 95°

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9.
Sol:
Given m perpendicular and l ⊥ t
∠1 =∠2 =90°
 l and m are two lines and it is transversal and the corresponding
angles are equal
∴ l || m
Hence proved

10.
Sol:
Consider be angles AOB and ACB

Given OA ⊥ AO, OB ⊥ BO
To prove: ∠AOB = ∠ACB (or)
∠AOB + ∠ACB = 180°
Proof: In a quadrilateral [Sum of angles of quadrilateral]
⇒ ∠A + ∠O + ∠B + ∠= C 360°
⇒ 180 + ∠O + ∠=
C 360°
⇒ ∠O + ∠C
= 360 − 180
= 180°
Hence, ∠AOB + ∠ACB
= 180° ...... ( i )
Also,
∠B + ∠ACB
= 180° ...... ( i )
Also,
∠B + ∠ACB
= 180° ...... ( i )
Also,
= 180°
∠B + ∠ACB
⇒ ∠ACB= 180° − 90°
⇒ ∠ACB= 90° ..... ( ii )
From (i) and (ii)
∴∠ACB = ∠AOB = 90°
Hence, the angles are equal as well as supplementary.

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11.

Sol:

Given that AB || CD
Let EF be the parallel line to AB and CD which passes through P.
It can be seen from the figure
Alternative angles are equal
∠ABP = ∠BPF
Alternative angles are equal
∠CDP = ∠DPF
⇒ ∠ABP + ∠CDP = ∠BPF + ∠DPF
⇒ ∠ABP + ∠CDP = ∠DPB
Hence proved
AB parallel to CD, P is any point
To prove: ∠ABP + ∠BPD + ∠CDP = 360°
Construction: Draw EF || AB passing through P
Proof:
Since AB || EF and AB || CD
∴ EF || CD [Lines parallel to the same line are parallel to each other]
∠ABP + ∠EPB = 180° [Sum of Co-interior angles is 180° AB || EF and BP is transversal]
∠EPD + ∠COP = 180°
[Sum of Co-interior angles is 180° EF || CD and DP is transversal] …....(1)
∠EPD + ∠CDP = 180°
[Sum of Co-interior angles is 180° EF || CD and DP is transversal] ……(2)
By adding (1) and (2)
∠ABP + ∠EPB + ∠EPD + ∠CDP = 180° + 180°
∠ABP + ∠EPB + ∠COP = 360°

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12.
Sol:

Let ∠A = 2 x and ∠B =3x

Now,
∠A + ∠= B 180° [Co-interior angles are supplementary]
2 x + 3 x − 180° [ AD || BC and AB is the transversal]
⇒ 5 x = 180°
180°
⇒x= = 36°
5
∴∠A= 2 × 36°= 72°
∠B = 3 × 36° = 108°
Now,
∠A =∠C =72° [Opposite side angles of a parallelogram are equal]
∠B =∠D = 108°

13.
Sol:

Let AB and CD be perpendicular to MN

∠ABD = 90° [ AB ⊥ MN ] .... ( i )
∠CON =°
90 [CD ⊥ MN ] .... ( ii )
Now,

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 ∠ABD = ∠CDN = 90° [From (i) and (ii)]
∴ AB parallel to CD,
Since corresponding angle are equal

14.

Sol:
Given:
rd
2
∠1= 60°, ∠2=   to right angle
3
To prove: parallel to m
Proof ∠1= 60°
2
∠2= × 90°= 60°
3
Since, ∠1 =∠2 =60°
∴ Parallel to m as pair of corresponding angles are equal

15.

Sol:
Since l parallel to m and p is the transversal
∴ Given: L1 m 1n, ∠1= 60°
To find ∠2
∠1 =∠3 =60° [Corresponding angles]
Now,
∠3 and ∠4 are linear pair of angles
∠3 + ∠=4 180°
60° + ∠=4 180°
∠=4 180° − 60°
∠4= 120°
Also, m || n and P is the transversal
∴∠4 =∠2 =120° [Alternative interior angle]
Hence ∠2= 120°

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16.

Sol:
Let AB and CD perpendicular to the Line MN

∠ABD =
90° [ AB ⊥ MN ] ...... ( i )
∠CON =°
90 [ CD ⊥ MN ] ...... ( ii )
Now,
∠ABD = ∠CDN = 90° [From (i) and (ii)]
∴ AB || CD, Since corresponding angles are equal.

17.
Sol:

Given AB || CD
AD || BC
Since AB || CD and AD is the transversal
∴∠A + ∠= D 180° [Co-interior angles are supplementary]
60° + ∠D
= 180°
∠D= 180° − 60°
∠D = 120°
Now, AD || BC and AB is the transversal
∠A + ∠=B 180° [Co-interior angles are supplementary]
60° + ∠=
B 180°
∠=B 180° − 60=
° 120°
Hence ∠A =∠C =60°
∠B =∠D = 120°

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18.
Sol:

Given: ∠AOC + ∠COB + ∠BOP = 270°

To find: ∠AOC , ∠COB, ∠BOD and ∠DOA
Here, ∠AOC + ∠COB + ∠BOD + ∠AOD
= 360° [Complete angle]
⇒ 270 + ∠AOD
= 360°
⇒ ∠AOD
= 360° − 270°
⇒ ∠AOD= 90°
Now,
∠AOD + ∠BOD= 180° [Linear pair]
90 + ∠BOD
= 180°
⇒ ∠BOD = 180° − 90°
∴∠BOD= 90°
∠AOD = ∠BOC = 90° [Vertically opposite angles]
∠BOD = ∠AOC = 90° [Vertically opposite angles]

19.

Sol:
Given that
∠2= 120°, ∠1= 60°
To prove
∠2 + ∠=1 180° [ Linear pair]
120° + ∠=
1 180°
∠=1 180° − 120°
∠1= 60°
Since ∠1 =∠5 =60°
∴ m || n [As pair of corresponding angles are equal]

20.

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 Sol:
Given:
∠4 = 110°, ∠7 = 65°
To find: Is m || n
Here, ∠7 =∠5 =65° [Vertically opposite angle]
Now,
∠4 + ∠= 5 110 + 65= ° 175°
∴ m is not parallel to n as the pair of Co-interior angles is not supplementary

21.

Sol:
∠A + ∠= B 115 + 65
= 180°
∴ AB || BC [As sum of co-interior angles we supplementary]
∠B + ∠C= 65 + 115= 180°
∴ AB || CD [As sum of interior angles are supplementary]

22.
Sol:

Given l || m, n perpendicular l
To prove: n ⊥ m
Since l || m and n intersects them at G and H respectively
∴∠1 = ∠2 [Corresponding angles]
But, U =
90° [n ⊥ l ]
⇒ ∠2= 90°
Hence n perpendicular m

23.

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 Sol:

Given AB || DE and DC || EF
To prove: ∠ABC = ∠DEF
Construction: Produce BC to x such that it intersects DE at M.
Proof: Since AB || DE and BX is the transversal
∴∠ABC = ∠DMX [Corresponding angle] ……..(i)
Also,
BX || EF and DE is the transversal
∴∠DMX = ∠DEF [Corresponding angles] ……..(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
∴∠ABC = ∠DEF

24.

Sol:

Given AB || DE , BC || EF
To prove: ∠ABC + ∠DEF = 180°
Construction: produce BC to intersect DE at M
Proof: Since AB || EM and BL is the transversal
∠ABC = ∠EML [Corresponding angle] ……(1)
Also,
EF || ML and EM is the transversal
By the property of co-interior angles are supplementary
∠DEF + ∠EML = 180°

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 From (i) and (ii) we have
∴∠DEF + ∠ABC = 180°

25.

Sol:
(i) False
(ii) True
(iii) False
(iv) True
(v) False

26.

Sol:
(i) Equal
(ii) Supplementary
(iii) Parallel
(iv) Parallel
(v) Parallel
(vi) Parallel

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