DAFTAR ISI

Kata Pengantar .................................................................................... II

Daftar Isi .............................................................................................III
Daftar Gambar ......................................................................................
Daftar Tabel ..........................................................................................
Peta Konsep ..........................................................................................

BAB I AKTUATOR
1.1 Peta Konsep Aktuator ....................................................................... 1
1.2 Tujuan Pembalajaran ........................................................................ 1
1.3 Permasalahan .................................................................................. 2
1.4 Pendahuluan .................................................................................... 3
1.4.1 Pengertian Aktuator ...................................................................... 3
1.4.2 Jenis- jenis Aktuator ..................................................................... 3
1.4.2.1Aktuator Listrik ......................................................................... 3
A. Solenoid ......................................................................................... 3
1. Pengertian Aktuator Solenoid ......................................................... 3
2. Konstruksi Aktuator Solenoid.......................................................... 4
3. Prinsip Kerja Aktuator Solenoid ....................................................... 4
4. Karakteristik Aktuator Solenoid....................................................... 5
5. Implementasi Aktuator Solenoid ..................................................... 5
1.4.2.2 Aktuator Mekanik..................................................................... 6
A. Motor DC ........................................................................................ 6
1. Pengertian Aktuator Motor DC ........................................................ 6
2. Bentuk Fisis dan Simbol Aktuator Motor DC...................................... 6
3. Konstruksi Aktuator Motor DC ........................................................ 7
4. Karakteristik Aktuator Motor DC ..................................................... 9
5. Implementasi Aktuator Motor DC .................................................... 9

B. Motor Servo .................................................................................. 10

1. Pengertian Aktuator Motor Servo .................................................. 10
2. Bentuk Fisik dan Simbol Aktuator Motor Servo ............................... 10
3. Prinsip Kerja Aktuator Motor Servo ............................................... 10
4. Karakteristik Aktuator Motor Servo ............................................... 11
5. Rangkaian Driver Aktuator Motor Servo ......................................... 13
6. Implementasi Aktuator Motor Servo .............................................. 16
C. Motor Stepper ............................................................................... 16
1. Pengertian Aktuator Motor Stepper ................................................ 16
2. Pengaruh Pembebanan pada Aktuator Motor Stepper ....................... 19
3. Motor Stepper Dua-Phase (Bipolar) ................................................ 20
4. Bentuk Fisik dan Simbol Aktuator Motor Stepper.............................. 21
5. Konstruksi Aktuator Motor Stepper................................................. 22
6. Prinsip Kerja Aktuator Motor Stepper.............................................. 23
7. Rangkaian Pengendali Aktuator Motor Stepper ................................ 24
8. Rangkaian Pengendali Aktuator Motor Stepper dengan Flip-Flop ........ 24
9. Implementasi Aktuator Motor Stepper ............................................ 28
10. Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ....................................... 29
Daftar Rujukan ................................................................................... 35

BAB II SENSOR SUHU dan KELEMBABAN

2.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Suhu dan Kelembaban ...................................... 37
2.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran..................................................................... 37
2.3 Permasalahan............................................................................... 38
2.4 Sensor Suhu dan Kelembaban ........................................................ 39
A. Pendahuluan ................................................................................. 39
B. Sensor NTC dan PTC ...................................................................... 40
1. Pengertian Sensor NTC dan PTC .................................................... 40
2. Symbol dan bentuk Fisik Sensor NTC dan PTC ................................. 40
3. Konstruksi Sensor NTC dan PTC ..................................................... 40
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor NTC dan PTC .................................................. 42
5. Karakteristik Sensor NTC dan PTC .................................................. 43
6. Rangkaian Pembagi Tegangan Sensor NTC dan PTC ......................... 44
7. Perhitungan Pembagi Tegangan Sensor NTC dan PTC ....................... 45
8. Implementasi Sensor NTC dan PTC dengan Aktuator ........................ 48
9. Implementasi Sensor NTC dan PTC dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog ........................................................................................ 52
10. Rangkuman................................................................................. 54
Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 55

C. Sensor LM35DZ ............................................................................. 59

1. Pengertian Sensor LM35DZ ........................................................... 59
2. Bentuk Fisik Sensor LM35DZ ......................................................... 59
 3. Konstruksi Sensor LM35DZ ........................................................... 59
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor LM35DZ ........................................................ 60
5. Karakteristik Sensor LM35DZ ........................................................ 61
6. Implementasi Sensor LM35DZ dengan Aktuator ............................... 62
7. Implementasi Sensor LM35DZ dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog ........................................................................................ 65
8. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 66
Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving)......................................... 67

D. Sensor Kelembaban ...................................................................... 71

1. Pengertian Sensor HS15P ............................................................. 71
2. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor HS15P ........................................... 71
3. Konstruksi Sensor HS15P .............................................................. 71
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor HS15P ........................................................... 72
5. Karakteristik Sensor HS15P ........................................................... 72
6. Rangkaian Pendukung Sensor HS15P ............................................. 73
7. Implementasi Sensor HS15P dengan Aktuator ................................. 77
8. Implementasi Sensor HS15P dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog ........................................................................................ 79
9. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 80

E. Sensor HS1101 ............................................................................. 81

1. Pengertian Sensor HS1101............................................................ 81
2. Rangkaian Frekuensi Output Sensor HS15P ..................................... 81
3. Prinsip Kerja Sensor HS1101 ......................................................... 82
4. Implementasi Sensor HS1101 dengan Aktuator ............................... 84
5. Implementasi Sensor HS1101 dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog ........................................................................................ 86
6. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 87
Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 89
Daftar Rujukan ................................................................................... 93

BAB III SENSOR CAHAYA

3.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Cahaya .............................................................. 94
3.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran ....................................................................... 94
3.3 Permasalahan ................................................................................. 95
3.4 Pendahuluan ................................................................................... 96
A. Sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) ........................................ 96
1. Pengertian Sensor LDR ................................................................. 96
2. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor LDR .............................................. 96
3. Konstruksi Sensor LDR ................................................................. 96
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor LDR .............................................................. 97
5. Karakteristik Sensor LDR .............................................................. 98
6. Rangkaian Pembagi Tegangan ....................................................... 99
7. Perhitungan Pembagi Tegangan .................................................... 100
8. Implementasi Sensor LDR dengan aktuator ................................. 105
9. Implementasi Sensor LDR dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan Analog
10. PenyelesaianMasalah (Problem Solving) .......................................... 107

B. Sensor Photodioda ........................................................................ 111

1. Pengertian Sensor Photodiode ....................................................... 111
2. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor Photodiode .................................... 111
3. Konstruksi Sensor Photodiode ....................................................... 111
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Photodiode .................................................... 115
5. Karakteristik Sensor Photodiode .................................................... 116
6. Rangkaian Pengkondisi Sinyal ....................................................... 117
7. Perhitungan Rangkaian Pengkondisi Sinyal Sensor Photodiode ........... 119
8. Implementasi Sensor Photodiode dengan aktuator ....................... 125
9. Implementasi Sensor Photodiodedengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog..................................................................................... 128
10. Rangkuman ............................................................................. 129

C. Sensor Photo Transistor ............................................................... 130

1. Pengertian Sensor Photo transistor ................................................ 130
2. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor Photo transistor .............................. 130
3. Konstruksi Sensor Photo transistor ................................................. 130
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Photo transistor .............................................. 131
5. Karakteristik Sensor Photo transistor .............................................. 134
6. Implementasi Sensor Photo transistor dengan Aktuator ................ 135
7. Implementasi Sensor Photo transistordengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF
dan Analog .............................................................................. 137
 8. Rangkuman ............................................................................. 138
9. Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ...................................... 139
Daftar Rujukan ...................................................................... 142

BAB IV SENSOR MEKANIK

4.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Mekanik ........................................................ 144
4.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran .................................................................... 144
4.3 Permasalahan ............................................................................... 145
4.4 Sensor Mekanik ............................................................................ 146
A. Pendahuluan ................................................................................. 146
B. Sensor Rotary Encoder.................................................................. 146
1. Pengertian Rotary Encoder ............................................................ 146
2. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Rotary Encoder ......................................... 151
3. Konstruksi Rotary Encoder ............................................................ 151
4. Prinsip Kerja Rotary Encoder ......................................................... 152
5. Karakteristik Rotary Encoder ......................................................... 153
6. Implementasi Rotary Encoder dengan Aktuator .............................. 153
7. Implementasi Rotary Encoder dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 156
8. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 157
9. Penyelesaian Masalah ................................................................... 158
Daftar Rujukan ............................................................................ 164

BAB V SENSOR BEBAN

5.1 Peta konsep Sensor Beban ............................................................ 165
5.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran .................................................................... 165
5.3 Permasalahan ............................................................................... 166
5.4 Sensor Beban ................................................................................ 167
A. Pendahuluan ................................................................................. 167
B. Sensor Strain Gauge ..................................................................... 167
1. Pengertian Sensor Strain Gauge .................................................... 167
2. Bentuk Sensor Strain Gauge ......................................................... 169
3. Konstruksi Sensor Strain Gauge..................................................... 169
4. Karakteristik Sensor Strain Gauge ................................................. 172
5. Bahan-bahan yang bisa dijadikan Sensor Strain Gauge ..................... 172
6. Beberapa Jenis Sensor Strain Gauge .............................................. 173
 7. Prinsip Kera Sensor Strain Gauge .................................................. 174
8. Percobaan Perhitungan Rangkaian Jembatan Wheatstone ................. 175
9. Implementasi Sensor Strain Gauge dengan Aktuator ........................ 179
10. Implementasi Sensor Strain Gauge dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog ........................................................................................ 181
11. Rangkuman ................................................................................. 182

C. Sensor Load Cell ........................................................................... 183

1. Pengertian Sensor Load Cell .......................................................... 183
2. Bentuk Fisik Sensor Load Cell ........................................................ 183
3. Konstruksi Sensor Load Cell .......................................................... 183
4. Prinsip Kerja Load Cell .................................................................. 185
5. Karakteristik Load Cell .................................................................. 187
6. Rangkaian Jembatan Wheatstone Load Cell ..................................... 188
7. Implementasi Sensor Load Cell dengan Aktuator ............................. 202
8. Implementasi Sensor Load Cell dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 205
9. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 207
10. Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 208

D. Sensor Piezoelektrik ..................................................................... 213

1. Pengertian Piezoelektrik................................................................ 213
2. Bentuk Fisik Piezoelektrik.............................................................. 213
3. Struktur Piezoelektrik ................................................................... 214
4. Prinsip Kerja Piezoelektrik ............................................................. 214
5. Karakteristik Piezoelektrik ............................................................. 215
6. Implementasi Piezoelektrik dengan Aktuator ................................... 218
7. Implementasi Sensor Piezoelektrik dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 220
8. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 221
9. Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 223
Daftar Rujukan ........................................................................... 228

BAB VI SENSOR PROXIMITY

6.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Proximity .................................................... 230
6.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran .................................................................. 230
6.3 Permasalahan ............................................................................. 231
6.4 Pendahuluan ............................................................................... 232
A. Sensor Proximity Induktif ............................................................. 233
1. Pengertian Sensor Proximity Induktif.............................................. 233
2. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor Proximity Induktif ........................... 233
3. Konstruksi Sensor Proximity Induktif .............................................. 233
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Proximity Induktif ........................................... 236
5. Karakteristik Sensor Proximity Induktif ........................................... 238
6. Koneksi Sensor Proximity Induktif .................................................. 238
7. Implementasi Sensor Proximity Induktif dengan Aktuator ................. 243
8. Implementasi Sensor Sensor Proximity Induktif dengan Sistem Kendali
ON/OFF dan Analog ...................................................................... 246
9. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 247

B. Sensor Proximity Kapasiktif .......................................................... 248

1. Pengertian Proximity Kapasiktif ..................................................... 248
2. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor Proximity Induktif .......................... 248
3. Konstruksi Sensor Proximity Kapasiktif .......................................... 248
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Proximity Kapasiktif ....................................... 252
5. Karakteristik Sensor Proximity Kapasiktif ....................................... 254
6. Koneksi Proximity Kapasiktif ........................................................ 254
7. Implementasi Sensor Proximity Kapasiktif dengan Aktuator ............. 258
8. Implementasi Sensor Sensor Proximity Kapasiktif dengan Sistem
Kendali ON/OFF dan Analog ......................................................... 261
9. Rangkuman ............................................................................... 262
10. Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 264
Daftar Rujukan ............................................................................ 270

BAB VII SENSOR GAS

7.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Gas ............................................................. 271
7.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran .................................................................. 271
7.3 Permasalahan ............................................................................. 272
7.4 Pendahuluan ............................................................................... 273
A. Sensor TGS2610 ........................................................................... 274
1. Pengertia Sensor Gas TGS 2610 .................................................... 274
2. Struktur Sensor Gas TGS 2610 ...................................................... 274
3. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Gas TGS 2610 ................................................ 274
4. Karakteristik Sensor Gas TGS 2610 ................................................ 275
 5. Implementasi Sensor Gas TGS 2610 dengan Aktuator ...................... 276
6. Implementasi Sensor Sensor Gas TGS 2610 dengan Sistem Kendali
ON/OFF dan Analog ...................................................................... 279
7. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 280

B. Sensor GasAF30 ............................................................................ 281

1. Pengertian Sensor Gas AF30 ......................................................... 281
2. Struktur Sensor Gas AF30 ............................................................. 281
3. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Gas AF30 ....................................................... 281
4. Karakteristik Sensor Gas AF30....................................................... 283
5. Implementasi Sensor Gas AF30 dengan Aktuator ............................. 285
6. Implementasi Sensor Sensor AF30 dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 287
7. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 288

C. Sensor Gas AF63

1. Pengertian Sensor Gas AF63 ......................................................... 290
2. Struktur Sensor Gas AF63 ............................................................. 291
3. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Gas AF63 ....................................................... 291
4. Karakteristik Sensor Gas AF63....................................................... 292
5. Implementasi Sensor Gas AF63 dengan Aktuator ............................. 292
6. Implementasi Sensor Sensor AF63 dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 295
7. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 296

D. Sensor MQ-2
1. Pengertian Sensor Gas MQ-2 ......................................................... 297
2. Struktur Sensor Gas MQ-2 ............................................................ 297
3. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Gas MQ-2 ...................................................... 298
4. Karakteristik Sensor Gas MQ-2 ...................................................... 299
5. Implementasi Sensor Gas MQ-2 dengan Aktuator ............................ 300
6. Implementasi Sensor Sensor MQ-2 dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 303
7. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 304

E. Sensor Gas AFMQ-7

1. Pengertian Sensor Gas MQ-7 ......................................................... 306
 2. Struktur Sensor Gas MQ-7 ............................................................ 306
3. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Gas MQ-7 ...................................................... 307
4. Skematik Rangakaian Dasar Sensor Gas MQ-7 ................................ 307
5. Karakteristik Sensor Gas MQ-7 ...................................................... 308
6. Implementasi Sensor Gas MQ-2 dengan Aktuator ............................ 309
7. Implementasi Sensor Sensor MQ-2 dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 312
8. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 313
9. Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 314
Daftar Rujukan ............................................................................ 319

BAB VIII SENSOR JARAK

8.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Jarak ............................................................... 320
8.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran ..................................................................... 320
8.3 Permasalahan................................................................................ 321
8.4 Pendahuluan ................................................................................. 322
A. Sensor Ultrasonik ............................................................................ 323
1. Pengertian Sensor Ultrasonik......................................................... 323
2. Konstruksi Sensor Ultrasonik ......................................................... 324
3. Prinsip Kerja Sensor Ultrasonik ...................................................... 328
4. Karakteristik Sensor Ultrasonik ...................................................... 329
5. Modul Sensor Ultrasonik ............................................................... 330
6. Implementasi Sensor Ultrasonik dengan Aktuator ............................ 330
7. Implementasi Sensor Ultrasonik dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan
Analog........................................................................................ 333
8. Rangkuman ................................................................................ 334
Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 335

B. Sensor PIR
1. Pengertian Sensor PIR ................................................................. 339
2. Simbol Sensor PIR ...................................................................... 339
3. Konstruksi Sensor PIR ................................................................. 339
4. Prinsip Kerja Sensor PIR .............................................................. 340
5. Jarak Pancar Sensor PIR .............................................................. 341
6. Karakteristik Sensor PIR .............................................................. 342
7. Implementasi Sensor PIR dengan Aktuator .................................... 343
8. Implementasi Sensor PIR dengan Sistem Kendali ON/OFF dan Analog346
9. Rangkuman ............................................................................... 347
Penyelesaian Masalah (Problem Solving) ......................................... 348
Daftar Rujukan ........................................................................... 352
 Daftar Gambar

BAB I Aktuator
Gambar 1.1 Peta Konsep Aktuator ................................................. 1
Gambar 1.2 Bagian-bagian Printer Inkjet ........................................ 2
Gambar 1.3 Bentuk Fisik dan Simbol Solenoid ................................. 4
Gambar 1.4 Konstruksi Aktuator Solenoid ....................................... 4
Gambar 1.5 Solenoid Sebagai Kunci Pintu Otomatis ......................... 5
Gambar 1.6 Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Motor DC ................................ 6
Gambar 1.7 Konstruksi Motor DC ................................................... 7
Gambar 1.8 Prinsip Kerja Motor DC ................................................ 8
Gambar 1.9 Karakteristik Motor DC ................................................ 9
Gambar 1.10 Contoh Aplikasi Motor DC .......................................... 9
Gambar 1.11 Bentuk Fisik dan SimbolMotor DC .............................. 10
Gambar 1.12 (A) Splines dan Horn, (b) Mechanical Stop dalam Motor
Servo ........................................................................................ 12
Gambar 1.13 Bagian-bagian Motor Servo ....................................... 13
Gambar 1.14 Rangkaian Driver Motor Servo ................................... 14
Gambar 1.15 Contoh Motor Servo Sebagai Penggerak atau Penjepit
pada Arm Robot ......................................................................... 16
Gambar 1.16 Motor Stepper ......................................................... 17
Gambar 1.17. Motor Stepper Empat Kumparan............................... 19
Gambar 1.18 Torsi Beralih Ke Nol Ketika Rotor Sejajar Dengan Kutub
Medan ....................................................................................... 20
Gambar 1.19 Motor Stepper Dua-phase (Bipolar)............................ 21
Gambar 1.20. Bentuk Fisik Dan Simbol Motor Stepper ..................... 22
Gambar 1.21. Konstruksi Internal Motor Stepper Hybrid(hanya
ditampilkan dua kutub per-stator) ................................................ 22
Gambar 1.22. Skema rangkaian pengendali motor stepper dengan
flip-flop ..................................................................................... 25
Gambar 1.23. (a) Bentuk pulsa keluaran dari pengendali motor
stepper (b) Penerapan pulsa pengendali pada motor stepper dan arah
putaran yang bersesuaian ............................................................ 25
Gambar 1.24 Skema Rangkaian Switch Motor Stepper..................... 26
Gambar 1.25. Skema rangkaian solid state switch .......................... 28
Gambar 1.26. Implementasi Motor Stepper pada printer .................. 29
Gambar 1.27. Motor Stepper ........................................................ 30
BAB II Sensor Suhu dan Kelembaban
Gambar 2.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Suhu dan Kelembaban .................. 37
Gambar 2.2 Sensor Suhu Pada Rangkaian Televisi .......................... 38
Gambar 2.3 Konstruksi NTC ......................................................... 41
Gambar 2.4 Konstruksi PTC ......................................................... 41
Gambar 2.5 (a) dan (d) Sensor NTC dan PTC pada Suhu Normal; (b)
dan (e) Range Selektor; (c) dan (f) Skala Ohm Meter ...................... 42
Gambar 2.6 (a) dan (d) Sensor NTC dan PTC pada Suhu Tinggi; (b)
dan (e) Range Selektor; (c) dan (f) Skala Ohm Meter ...................... 43
Gambar 2.7 (a) Konfigurasi Sensor NTC atau PTC ke (V -); (b)
Konfigurasi Sensor NTC atau PTC ke (V +) ..................................... 45
Gambar 2.8 Besar Resistansi pada Komponen Sensor NTC ............... 46
Gambar 2.9 Mengukur Besar Resistansi Sensor NTC ........................ 47
Gambar 2.10 Implementasi Sensor NTC dengan Motor DC ............... 48
Gambar 2.11 Implementasi Sensor PTC dengan Motor DC ............... 48
Gambar 2.12 Implementasi Sensor PTC dengan Motor Servo ........... 49
Gambar 2.13 Implementasi Sensor NTC dengan Motor Servo ........... 50
Gambar 2.14 Implementasi Sensor PTC dengan Motor Stepper ......... 50
Gambar 2.15 Implementasi Sensor NTC dengan Motor Stepper ........ 51
Gambar 2.16 (a) Implementasi Sensor NTC dengan Sistem Kendali
Analog ....................................................................................... 52
Gambar 2.16 (b) Implementasi Sensor NTC dengan Sistem Kendali
ON/OFF ..................................................................................... 52
Gambar 2.17 (a) Implementasi Sensor PTC dengan Sistem Kendali
Analog ....................................................................................... 52
Gambar 2.17 (b) Implementasi Sensor PTC dengan Sistem Kendali
ON/OFF ..................................................................................... 52
Gambar 2.18 Penggunaan NTC dan PTC pada Televisi ..................... 56
Gambar 2.19 Penggunaan NTC dan PTC pada Televisi ..................... 57
Gambar 2.20 Bentuk Fisik Sensor LM35DZ ..................................... 59
Gambar 2.21 (a) Konstruksi Sensor LM35DZ; (b) LM35DZ Tampak
Bawah; (c) LM35DZ Tampak Depan .............................................. 59
Gambar 2.22 (a) Volt Meter; dan (b) Sensor LM35DZ Kondisi Suhu
Normal ...................................................................................... 60
Gambar 2.23 (a) Volt Meter; dan (b) Sensor LM35DZ Kondisi Suhu
Panas ........................................................................................ 60
Gambar 2.24 Implementasi Sensor LM35DZ dengan Motor DC ......... 62
Gambar 2.25 Implementasi Sensor LM35DZ dengan Motor Servo ..... 63
Gambar 2.26 Implementasi Sensor LM35DZ dengan Motor Stepper .. 64
Gambar 2.27 (a) Implementasi Sensor LM35DZ dengan Sistem
Kendali Analog ........................................................................... 65
Gambar 2.27 (b) Implementasi Sensor LM35DZ dengan Sistem
Kendali ON/OFF .......................................................................... 65
Gambar 2.8 Sensor LM35DZ Sebagai Pengontrol Suhu pada Inkubator68
Gambar 2.9 Sensor LM35DZ Sebagai Pengontrol Suhu pada Inkubator69
Gambar 2.30 Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor HS15P ...................... 71
Gambar 2.31 Konstruksi Sensor HS15P ......................................... 71
Gambar 3.32 Rangkaian Dasar Osscillator Wien Bridge .................... 73
Gambar 3.33 Rangkaian Oscillator Wien Bridge Mengunakan Op-Amp 73
Gambar 2.34 Kurva Reaksi dari Oscillator Wien Bridge .................... 74
Gambar 2.35. Rangkaian Jembatan AC .......................................... 75
Gambar 2.36 Rangkaian Penguat Instrumentasi ............................. 76
Gambar 2.37 Rangkaian Penyearah............................................... 77
Gambar 3.38 Implementasi Sensor HS15P dengan Motor DC ........... 77
Gambar 2.39 Implementasi Sensor HS15P dengan Motor Servo ........ 78
Gambar 2.40 Implementasi Sensor HS15P dengan Motor Stepper ..... 78
Gambar 2.41 (a) Implementasi Sensor HS15P dengan Sistem Kendali
Analog ....................................................................................... 79
Gambar 2.41 (b) Implementasi Sensor HS15P dengan Sistem Kendali
ON/OFF ..................................................................................... 80
Gambar 2.42 Diagram Blok Sistem Pengukuran HS1101 .................. 81
Gambar 2.43 Bentuk Fisik dan Simbol Sensor Kelembaban HS1101 .. 81
Gambar 2.44 Rangkaian Frekueni Output HS1101 Berdasaran
Datasheet .................................................................................. 82
Gambar 2.45 (a) Tabel Karakteristik HS1101 untuk Rangkaian
Frekuensi ................................................................................... 83
Gambar 2.45 (b) Tabel Korelasi HS1101 Antara Tegangan Output
dengan Kelembaban .................................................................... 83
Gambar 2.46 Grafik Persamaan Linier Perubahan Humidity Sensor ... 83
Gambar 8.47 Rangkaian Low Pass Filter ........................................ 84
Gambar 2.48 Implementasi Sensor HS1101 dengan Motor DC .......... 84
Gambar 2.49 Implementasi Sensor HS1101 dengan Motor Servo ...... 85
Gambar 2.50 Implementasi Sensor HS1101 dengan Motor Stepper ... 86
Gambar 2.51 (a) Implementasi Sensor HS1101 dengan Sistem Kendali
Analog ....................................................................................... 86
Gambar 2.51 (b) Implementasi Sensor HS1101 dengan Sistem
Kendali ON/OFF .......................................................................... 87
Gambar 2.52 Aplikasi Sensor HS15P Sebagai Pengontrol uhu pada
Kumbung Padi ............................................................................ 90
Gambar 2.53 Realisasi Piranti Elektrinis ......................................... 91
Gambar 2.54 Unit Pendingin da Pengeringan Udara ......................... 92
Gambar 2.55 Unit Pengembunan Kumbung Penyemprotan ............... 92

BAB III Sensor Cahaya

Gambar 3.1 Peta Konsep Sensor Cahaya ....................................... 94
Gambar 3.2 Lampu Penerangan Jalan............................................ 95
Gambar 3.3 Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor LDR ............................ 96
Gambar 3.4 Konstruksi Sensr LDR ................................................ 97
Gambar 3.5 (a) Sensor LDR Terkena Cahaya; (b) Range Selektor; dan
(c) Range dan Ohm Meter ............................................................ 97
Gambar 3.6 (a) Sensor LDR tidak Terkena Cahaya; (b) Range
Selektor; dan (c) Range dan Ohm Meter ........................................ 98
Gambar 3.7 Karakteristik Sensor LDR ............................................ 98
Gambar 3.8 (a) Konfigurasi Sensor LDR ke (V -); (b) Konfigurasi
Sensor LDR ke (V +) ................................................................... 99
Gambar 3.9 Resistansi Resistor dan Sensor LDR pada Rangkaian
Pembagi Tegangan...................................................................... 100
Gambar 3.10 Mengukur Besar Resistansi Sensor LDR ...................... 101
Gambar 3.11 Implementasi Sensor LDR dengan Motor DC ............... 102
Gambar 3.12 Implementasi Sensor LDR dengan Motor Servo ........... 103
Gambar 3.13 Implementasi Sensor LDR dengan Motor Stepper ........ 104
Gambar 3.14 Implementasi Sensor LDR dengan Sistem Kendali
ON/OFF ..................................................................................... 105
Gambar 3.15 Implementasi Sensor LDR dengan Sistem Kendali Analog106
Gambar 3.16 Rangkaian Sensor LDR ............................................. 108
Gambar 3.17 Rangkaian Sensor LDR ............................................. 109
Gambar 3.18 Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Sensor Photodiode ................ 111
Gambar 3.19 (a) Konstruksi Sensor Photodiode dan (b) PN Junction . 111
Gambar 3.20 PN Junction ............................................................ 112
Gambar 3.21 PN Junction Menyerap Cahaya ................................... 112
Gambar 3.22 Pertukaran Elektron dan Hole di Depletion Region ....... 113
Gambar 2.23 Proses Penggabungan Elektron dan Hole pada PN
Junction ..................................................................................... 113
Gambar 3.24 Hasil PenggabunganElektron dan Hole pada PN Junction114
Gambar 3.25 (a) Simbol Sensor Photodiode; (b) Sensor Photodiode
dilihat dari Samping; (c) dari Atas ................................................ 114
Gambar 2.26 (a) Sensor Photodiode Terkena Cahaya; (b) Range
Selektor; dan (c) Skala Ohm Meter ............................................... 115
Gambar 2.27 (a) Sensor Photodiode Kondisi Gelap; (b) Range
Selektor; dan (c) Skala Ohm Meter ............................................... 116
Gambar 3.28 Karakteristik Sensor Photodiode ................................ 116
Gambar 3.29 Rangkaian Pengkondisi Sinyal Sensor Photodiode ........ 117
Gambar 3.30 Bias Maju (Forward Bias) .......................................... 117
Gambar 3.31 Bias Mundur (Reverse Bias) ...................................... 118
Gambar 3.32 Sensor Photodiode Bias Mundur pada Rangkaian
Pembagi Tegangan...................................................................... 118
Gambar 3.33 (a) Konfigurasi Sensor Photodiode ke (V -); (b)
Konfigurasi Sensor Photodiode ke (V +) ........................................ 118
Gambar 3.34 Sensor Photodiode pada Rangkaian Pengkondisi Sinyal 119 120
Gambar 3.35 Mengukur Besar Resistansi Sensor Photodiode ............ 120
Gambar 3.36 Memutuskan Sambungan Rangkaian Pengkondisi Sinyal121
Gambar 3.37. Mengukur Arus Sensor Photodiode ............................ 122
Gambar 3.38. Mengetahui pada rangkaian pengkondisi sinyal (a) ..... 122
Gambar 3.39. Menentukan resistor pada rangkaian pengkondisi sinyal
(b) ............................................................................................ 121
Gambar 3.40. Mengukur tegangan luaran (Vout) pada rangkaian
pengkondisi sinyal ...................................................................... 122
Gambar 3.41. Implementasi Sensor Photodiode dengan Motor DC .... 123
Gambar 3.42 Implementasi Sensor photodiode dengan Motor Servo . 124
Gambar 3.43 Implementasi Sensor photodiode dengan Stepper ....... 125
Gambar 3.44 Implementasi Sensor photodiode dengan sistem kendali
ON/OFF ..................................................................................... 126
Gambar 3.45 Implementasi Sensor photodiode dengan sistem kendali
Analog ....................................................................................... 126
Gambar 3.46. Simbol dan Bentuk Fisik Photo transistor ................... 128
Gambar 3.47. Konstruksi Sensor Photo transistor ........................... 129
Gambar 3.48 Polaritas Photo transistor .......................................... 129
Gambar 3.49. Photo transistor...................................................... 130
Gambar 3.50 Photo Transistor Tidak Menerima Cahaya ................... 130
Gambar 3.51 Photo Transistor Menerima Cahaya ............................ 131
Gambar 3.52. Rangkaian Aplikasi photo transistor .......................... 131
Gambar 3.53 (a) dan (b) Photo transistor Pada Rangkaian Pembagi
Tegangan .................................................................................. 132
Gambar 3.54. Implementasi Sensor Photo Transistor Dengan Motor
DC ............................................................................................ 133
Gambar 3.55. Implementasi Sensor Photo Transistor Dengan Motor
Servo ........................................................................................ 133
Gambar 3.56. Implementasi Sensor Photo Transistor Dengan Motor
Stepper ..................................................................................... 134
Gambar 3.57. Implementasi Sensor Photo Transistor Dengan sistem
kendali Analog ............................................................................ 135