DAFTAR ISI

Hal.
RINGKASAN ................................................................................................. i
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... iv
RIWAYAT HIDUP ....................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... viii

BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................ 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................ 1
1.2 Urgensi Penelitian ....................................................................... 3
1.3 Tujuan Khusus ............................................................................ 4
1.4 Target Temuan............................................................. ............... 4
1.5 Konstribusi .................................................................................. 4

BAB 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .................................................................... 5

2.1 Kesesuaian Lahan Kelapa Sawit ................................................. 5
2.2 Kriteria Matang Panen Kelapa Sawit .......................................... 8
2.3 Tingkat Kematangan Tandan Buah Segar dan Mutu Panen ....... 8
2.4 Proses Pengolahan Minyak Sawit .............................................. 9
2.5 Minyak dan Lemak ..................................................................... 10
2.6 Sifat Kimia Minyak dan Lemak . ................................................ 11
2.6.1 Hidrolisa .............................................................................. 11
2.6.2 OksidasI............................................................................... 11
2.7 Perubahan Kimia Akibat Kerusakan Lemak. ................................ 12
2.7.1 Hidroperoksida .................................................................... 13
2.7.2 Persenyawaan Karbonil ....................................................... 13
2.7.3 Hasil Oksidasi Lainnya ....................................................... 14
2.8 Faktor- Faktor yang Mempercepat Oksidasi ................................. 14
2.8.1 Pengaruh Suhu .................................................................... 15
2.8.2 Pengaruh Cahaya ................................................................. 15
2.8.3 Katalis Logam ..................................................................... 16
2.9 Pembentukan Peroksida ................................................................ 16
2.10Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial......................... 18

BAB 3. METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................. 19

3.1 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ..................................................... 19
3.2 Desain Penelitian ......................................................................... 19
3.2.1 Rancangan Penelitian ......................................................... 19
3.2.2 Variabel Penelitian ............................................................. 20
3.3 Bahan dan Peralatan Penelitian .................................................. 21
3.4 Tahapan Penelitian ...................................................................... 21
3.4.1 Pemilihan Areal Penelitian ................................................. 21
3.4.2 Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit ................................................... 21

ii
 3.4.3 Ekstraksi Minyak Sawit ..................................................... 22
3.5 Prosedur Analisa Bilangan Peroksida ......................................... 22
3.6 Diagram Alir Penelitian .............................................................. 23
3.7 Jadwal Penelitian......................................................................... 24

BAB 4. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ......................................................... 25

4.1 Deskripsi Kebun Bah Birung Ulu ................................................ 25
4.2 Bilangan Peroksida Pada Elevasi Tinggi ≥ 850 m dpl ................ 25
4.3 Bilangan Peroksida pada Elevasi Tinggi 850 m dpl
dengan pemanasan 6,12,18,24 jam ............................................. 27
4.4 Analisa Pengaruh Pemanasan terhadap Bilangan peroksida........ 28
4.5 Bilangan Peroksida Pada Elevasi Tinggi 850 m dpl dan
Elevasi Rendah ≥ 40 mdpl .......................................................... 30

BAB 5. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ......................................................... 33

5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 33
5.2 Saran............................................................................................. 33

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 35

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. 36

1. Hasil Analisa Bilangan Peroksida Minyak Sawit Buah Mentah ................. 36
2. Hasil Analisa Bilangan Peroksida Minyak Sawit Buah Matang ................. 37
3. Hasil Analisa Bilangan Peroksida Minyak Sawit Buah Lewat Matang ...... 38
4. Perhitungan Bilangan Peroksida Minyak Sawit Mentah ............................. 39
5. Analisa Sidik Ragam bilangan peroksida buah Mentah setelah pemanasan 40
5. Analisa Sidik Ragam bilangan peroksida buah Matang setelah pemanasan 40
6. Analisa Sidik Ragam bilangan peroksida buah Lewat Matang setelah
pemanasan ................................................................................................... 40
7. Foto Prosedur Pengambilan Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) ............................. 41
8. Foto Analisa Bilangan Peroksida Minyak sawit Mentah ............................ 43

iii