Mixer Ahoy
Mixer Ahoy
PRARANCANGAN PABRIK SODIUM DODEKILBENZENE SULFONAT DARI DODEKILBENZENE DAN OLEUM 20% D
1 Reaktor 1
DDB mula-mula 5.3148 Kmol/jam ### Kg/jam
DDB yang bereaksi 5.1022 kmol/jam ### Kg/jam
DDB sisa 0.2126 Kmol/jam 52.2976 Kg/jam
Oleum 20% mula- mula 6.6435 Kmol/jam ### Kg/jam
Oleum 20% bereaksi 5.1022 Kmol/jam 408.1766 Kg/jam
Oleum 20% sisa 1.5413 Kmol/jam 274.3499 Kg/jam
ADDB yang dihasilkan 5.1022 Kmol/jam ### Kg/jam
H2SO4 sisa 5.1022 Kmol/jam 500.0163 Kg/jam
2 Reaktor 2
DDB mula-mula 0.2126 Kmol/jam 52.2976 Kg/jam
DDB yang bereaksi 0.2041 Kmol/jam 50.2057 Kg/jam
DDB sisa 0.0085 Kmol/jam 2.0919 Kg/jam
Oleum 20% mula- mula 1.5413 Kmol/jam 274.3499 Kg/jam
Oleum 20% bereaksi 0.2041 Kmol/jam 16.3271 Kg/jam
Oleum 20% sisa 1.3372 Kmol/jam 238.0222 Kg/jam
ADDB yang dihasilkan 0.2041 Kmol/jam 66.5328 Kg/jam
H2SO4 sisa 0.2041 Kmol/jam 20.0007 Kg/jam
Reaksi Samping
Diinginkan H2SO4 dengan konsentrasi = 78%
x= 100%
Reksi Samping H2SO4.SO3 + H2O 2 H2SO4
Mula-mula 1.3372 12.2553
Bereaksi 1.3372 1.3372 2.6744
Sisa 0.0000 10.9181 2.6744
3 Mixer
DDB masuk 0.0085 Kmol/jam 2.0919 Kg/jam
DDBS masuk 5.3063 Kmol/jam ### Kg/jam
H2SO4 masuk 5.3063 Kmol/jam 520.0170 Kg/jam
H2O masuk 12.2553 Kmol/jam 220.5948 Kg/jam
H2O keluar 10.9181 Kmol/jam 196.5251 Kg/jam
H2SO4 sisa 2.6744 Kmol/jam 262.0919 Kg/jam
H2SO4 keluar 782.1089 Kg/jam
4 Decanter
DDB masuk 2.0919 Kg/jam
DDBS masuk ### Kg/jam
H2SO4 masuk 782.1089 Kg/jam
H2SO4 produk 766.4667 Kg/jam
H2SO4 sisa 15.6422 Kg/jam
H2O masuk 196.5251 Kg/jam
H2O produk 196.5251 Kg/jam
5 Netralizer
C6H5.C12H25SO3 umpan = 5.3063 kmol/jam
H2SO4 umpan = 0.1596 kmol/jam
x= 100%
Reaksi penetralan C6H5.C12H25SO3 + NaOH
Mula-mula 5.3063 5.3063
Reaksi 5.3063 5.3063
Sisa 0.0000 0.0000
6 Spray Dryer
Kemurnian C6H5.C12H25SO3Na = 97.50%
Total massa produk= ### Kg/jam
Arus (kg/jam)
Komponen
Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 3 Arus 4 Arus 5 Arus 6 Arus 7
C6H5.C12H25 ### 52.2976 2.0919 2.0919
C9H10 5.2298 5.2298 5.2298 5.2298
H2SO4.SO3 ### 274.3499 238.0222
C6H5.C12H25SO3 ### ### ###
H2SO4 500.0163 520.0170 782.1089 766.4667
H20 220.5948 196.5251 196.5251
NaOH
C6H5.C12H25SO3Na
Na2SO4
Jumlah ### ### ### ### 220.5948 ### 962.9918
### ###
ASSA
ILBENZENE DAN OLEUM 20% DENGAN KAPASITAS 15.000 TON/TAHUN
Molekul
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol
C6H5.C12H25SO3 + H2SO4
5.1022 5.1022
5.1022 5.1022
Reaktor 1
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
arus 1(kg/jam)
arus 2(kg/jam)
arus 3 (kg/jam)
C6H5.C12H25 ### 52.2976
C9H10 5.2298 5.2298
H2SO4.SO3 ### 274.3499
C6H5.C12H25SO3 ###
H2SO4 500.0163
Jumlah 2495.2133 ###
C6H5.C12H25SO3 + H2SO4
0.2041 0.2041
0.2041 0.2041
Reaktor 2
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
arus 3(kg/jam) arus 4(kg/jam)
C6H5.C12H25 52.2976 2.0919
C9H10 5.2298 5.2298
H2SO4.SO3 274.3499 238.0222
C6H5.C12H25SO3 1663.3196 ###
H2SO4 500.0163 520.0170
Jumlah 2495.2133 ###
Mixer
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
arus 4 (kg/jam)
arus 5 (kg/jam)
arus 6 (kg/jam)
C6H5.C12H25 2.0919 2.0919
C9H10 5.2298 5.2298
H2SO4.SO3 238.0222
C6H5.C12H25SO3 ### ###
H2SO4 520.0170 782.1089
H20 220.5948 196.5251
Jumlah 2715.8081 ###
Decanter
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
arus 6 (kg/jam)
arus 8 (kg/jam)
arus 7 (kg/jam)
C6H5.C12H25 2.0919 2.0919
C9H10 5.2298 5.2298
C6H5.C12H25SO3 ### ###
H2SO4 782.1089 15.6422 766.4667
H20 196.5251 196.5251
Jumlah ### 2715.8081
C6H5.C12H25SO3Na + H2O
5.3063 5.3063
5.3063 5.3063
Na2SO4 + 2 H20
0.1596 0.3192
0.1596 0.3192
Netralizer
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
arus 8 (kg/jam)
arus 9 (kg/jam)
arus 10 (kg/jam)
C6H5.C12H25 2.0919 2.0919
C9H10 5.2298 5.2298
C6H5.C12H25SO3 ###
C6H5.C12H25SO3Na ###
H2SO4 15.6422
H2O 0 243.7727 345.0321
NaOH 225.0210
Na2SO4 22.6652
Jumlah 2221.6099 ###
Spray Dryer
Masuk Keluar
Komponen
arus 10 (kg/jam)
arus 11 (kg/jam)
arus 12 (kg/jam)
C6H5.C12H25 2.0919 2.0919
C9H10 5.2298 5.2298
C6H5.C12H25SO3Na ### ###
H2O 345.0321 327.6705 17.3616
Na2SO4 22.6652 22.6652
Jumlah ### 2221.6099
(kg/jam)
Arus 8 Arus 9 Arus 10 Arus 11 Arus 12
2.0919 2.0919 2.0919
5.2298 5.2298 5.2298
###
15.6422
243.7727 345.0321 327.6705 17.3616
225.0210
### 0.0000 ###
22.6652 22.6652
### 468.7937 ### 327.6705 ### 15000
kg/jam ton/tahun
Menghitung densitas campuran masuk mixer
C
T = 35 308.00 K
Dari yaws,1999
ρ = A.B – (1 – T/Tc )n
T = 303 K
Mencari Densitas Air
KomponenA B n Tc ρ, kg/m3
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 1,023.01
Menghitung viskositas
Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2
KomponenA B C D μ, cP
H2O -1E+01 2E+03 2E-02 -1E-05 0.82
6H5C12H25SO3
Tc(1-T/Tc)^n ρL (g/mL)ρL (kg/m3) kg/jam fraksi ρL
massa
campuran (kg/m3)
774.26 0.865112 0.8425 842.4587 1307.4407 0.8663 729.8038
490.85 0.661904 1.8526 1852.6367 201.8206 0.1337 247.7373
1509.261 1 977.5412
1. Neraca Massa
Komponen feed, kg/jam xi ρ, kg/L BM
C6H5.C12H25 39.3600 0.0008 845.6068 246
C9H10 98.4000 0.0019 907.5949 118
H2SO4.SO3 4478.4800 0.0876 1836.6629 178
C6H5.C12H25SO3 32547.8400 0.6370 983.3163 326
H2SO4 9784.3200 0.1915 1461.5770 98
H20 4150.5764 0.0812 1023.012987206 18
total 51098.97641 1.0000 7057.770860673 984
2. Dimensi Mixer
Diambil waktu tinggal dalam mixer = 60 menit
V
Fv
= 46.4450 L = 0.0464 m3
V Fv.
Over design 20 % sehingga volume mixer = Vm = 0.0557
π 3.1416
1 ft = 0.3048 m
1 ft = 12 in
Mixer yang digunakan didekati dengan kolom berbentuk silinder tegak, sehingga :
V = phi/4 *D^2*H
perancangan ini memilih D = H, sehingga :
V = π/4 *D^3
Diameter yang diperoleh adalah diameter dalam (ID) mixer, selanjutnya dipilih ukuran tangki standard
Dari tabel 5.7 Brownell & Young diperoleh = 48 in
Dipilih OD = 18 in = 0.4572 m
H= 18 in = 0.4572 m
icr b A
OA
B
sf
ID t
r
a
1 rc 8.1497886147 in
W 3
4 icr
W= 1.7500
th = 0.1250 in
Dari tabel 5.6 Brownell & Young, untuk th= 3/16 in = 0.1875
Maka digunakan sf (Standard Straight Flange) = 2
ID = OD - 2*th
ID = 17.75 in = 0.45085 m
2
ID
b rc rc irc 2 icr (Brownell & Young 1959, p.87)
2
b= 3.0099 in
OA = t + b + sf
OA = 5.1974 in
1
π ID sf
2
Vhead Vh
4
Vhead = 494.9222 in3 = 0.0081 m3
4
Vmixer = 5441.6774 in3 = 0.0892 m3
At = ¼πID2 = 247.3241 m2
V cairan di shell
h shell 0.0002 m
At
Sehingga tinggi cairan total dalam mixer adalah :
h total = h shell + b + sf
h total = 0.1274 m = 5.0160 in
Ternyata tinggi cairan total dalam mixer > tinggi cairan pada hitungan awal, maka
Pdesign = 1.2*Poperasi
Pdesign = 17.6400 psia
8. Perancangan Pengaduk
Dipilih jenis flat blade turbine impellers, karena turbine memiliki range volume yang besar dan dapat
digunakan untuk kecepatan putaran yang cukup tinggi, sehingga dipilih :
wb
Zl L Zr
wi
Zi Di
Dt
Keterangan :
Dt = diameter mixer = 17.75 in =
Di = diameter pengaduk = 5.9166666667 in =
Zr = tinggi mixer = 18 in =
Zl = tinggi cairan dalam mixer = 5.0160 in =
Zi = jarak pengaduk dari dasar mixer = 4.4375 in =
wi = tinggi pengaduk = 1.1833 in =
L = lebar pengaduk = 1.4792 in =
wb = lebar baffle = 1.7750 in =
WELH
Jumlah pengaduk (Rase,1977 )
ID
rcairan
Sg Sg = 1126.7258 rair =
rair
WELH = Zl*Sg
WELH = 5651.6584 in
N= 705.7955 rpm
Fv, L/jam ρ*xi
0.0465 0.6513
0.1084 1.7477
2.4384 160.9711
33.1001 626.3300
6.6944 279.8596
4.0572 83.0955
46.4449826807 1152.6551775
1 jam
m3 14.7250 galon
psia
yang dibuat,
in
in
Young, p.88)
psia
nell & Young, 1959
1.0230 kg/m3
Pengaduk
32.2957
21.8542
*) Menghitung densitas dan viskositas
1. Menghitung densitas
Density = A. B –(1-T/Tc) ^ n (Carl L Yaws, 1999)
T= 35 C 308.00 K
komponen A B n Tc (1-T/Tc)^n ρ, kg/m3
C6H5.C12H25 0.2482 0.2435 0.2857 774.26 0.865111529 842.45865257
C9H10 0.2884 0.258 0.2857 684.6 0.8430332139 903.68981235
C6H5.C12H25SO3 1090.3551108
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925 0.890753994 1820.8121512
H20 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.8314239656 1018.4090978
2. Menghitung viskositas
Log μ = A +(Carl
B/T +L CT
Yaws,
+ DT
1999)
2
T= 35 C 308.00 K
komponen A B C D μ, cp
C6H5.C12H25 -8.6157 1.7664E+03 1.4453E-02 -1.0385E-05 3.8524
C9H10 -7.5064 1.3306E+03 1.2617E-02 -8.6008E-06 0.7653
C6H5.C12H25SO3 3.2291
H2SO4 -18.7045 3.4962E+03 3.3080E-02 -1.7018E-05 16.6358
H20 -10.2158 1.7925E+03 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-05 0.7356
T = 35 C 308 K
Mencari Densitas Air
KomponenA B n Tc ρ, kg/m3
H2O 0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 1,018.41
Menghitung viskositas
Log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT2
KomponenA B C D μ, cP
H2O -1E+01 2E+03 2E-02 -1E-05 0.74