(Core 1) Install & Configure Computer System

COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector : ELECTRONICS
Qualification Title: Computer Systems Servicing NCII
Unit of Competency: Install and Configure Computer Systems
Module Title: Installing and Configuring Computer Systems
Computer Site Institute Inc.
Document No.
CBLMs on CSS NCII Date Developed: Issued by:
May 5, 2018
Page 1 of 179
Install and Configure Developed By:
Computer Site Computer Systems Oliver C. Sanchez Revision # 00
Institute, Inc.
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY- BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome!
The unit of competency, "Install and Configure Computer System", is one of the
competencies of Computer System Servicing NCII, a course which comprises the
knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a TVET trainer to possess.
The module, Installing and Configuring Computer Systems, contains training

materials and activities related to identifying learner’s requirements, preparing session plan,
preparing basic instructional materials and organizing learning and teaching activities for
you to complete.
In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning activities in order
to complete each learning outcome. In each learning outcome are Information Sheets, Self-
Checks, Operation Sheets and Task/Job Sheets. Follow and perform the activities on your
own. If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask for assistance from your facilitator.
Remember to:
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each section.
 Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested references are
included to supplement the materials provided in this module.
 Most probably, your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He is there to
support you and show you the correct way to do things.
 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on the job.
Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work shifts. This way, you will
improve your speed, memory and your confidence.
 Use the Self-Checks, Operation Sheets or Task or Job Sheets at the end of each
section to test your own progress. Use the Performance Criteria Checklist or
Procedural Checklist located after the sheet to check your own performance.
 When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your Trainer to
evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be recorded in your Progress Chart
and Accomplishment Chart.
After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your competency. Result of
your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the learning activities are
designed for you to complete at your own pace.
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Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete followed by
relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have
more than one learning activity.
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LIST OF COMPETENCIES
No Unit of Competency Module Title Code
BASIC COMPETENCIES
Participate in Workplace Participating in Workplace

1
Communication Communication
2 Work in Team Environment Working in Team Environment
3 Practice Career Professionalism Practicing Career Professionalism
Practice Occupational Health Practicing Occupational Health

4
and Safety Procedures and Safety Procedures
COMMON COMPETENCIES
1 Apply Quality Standards Applying Quality Standards
2 Perform Computer Operations Performing Computer Operations
Perform Mensuration and Performing Mensuration and

3
Calculation Calculation
Prepare and Interpret Technical Preparing and Interpreting

4
Drawing Technical Drawing
CORE COMPETENCIES
Install and Configure Installing and Configuring

1
Computer Systems Computer Systems
2 Setup Computer Networks Setting up Computer Networks
3 Setup Computer Servers Setting up Computer Servers
Maintain and Repair Computer Maintaining and Repairing

4
System and Networks Computer System and Networks
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TABLE OF CONTENT
CORE COMPETENCIES............................................................................................ 4
MODULE CONTENT ............................................................................................................. 11
LEARNING OUTCOME # 1 .................................................................................................... 13
Assemble Computer Hardware ........................................................................................ 13
LEARNING EXPERIENCES...................................................................................................... 15
INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1 ................................................................................................. 16
OHS Policies and Procedures ........................................................................................... 16
Occupational Health and Safety Policy......................................................................... 16
Personal Safety While Working Along With PC’s .......................................................... 16
Self-Check 1.1.1................................................................................................................... 18
ANSWER KEY 1.1-1 .............................................................................................................. 19
Basic Terms, Concepts, Functions and Characteristics of PC Hardware Components ....... 20
Types of Computer ...................................................................................................... 20
Workstation ................................................................................................................ 20
Laptop ......................................................................................................................... 20
Netbook .................................................................................................................. 20
Tablet PC ..................................................................................................................... 21
Pocket PC .................................................................................................................... 21
PC Hardware Components and Peripherals ................................................................. 21
Computer Case............................................................................................................ 22
Processor .................................................................................................................... 22
Main memory ............................................................................................................. 22
Hard disk ..................................................................................................................... 22
Video card................................................................................................................... 23
Visual display unit ....................................................................................................... 23
Keyboard .................................................................................................................... 23
Mouse ......................................................................................................................... 23
Other components found on a Computer System ........................................................ 23
Self-Check 1.2-1 .................................................................................................................. 26
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ANSWER KEY 1.2-1 .............................................................................................................. 29
Hand Tools for Testing and Repair Computer System ...................................................... 30
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and
use Hand Tools for Testing and troubleshooting Computer System & Network
.................................................................................................................... 30
Tools used to test and repair hardware problems........................................................ 30
Self-Check 1.3-1 .................................................................................................................. 32
ANSWER KEY 1.3-1 .............................................................................................................. 33
Information Sheet 1.4-1 ...................................................................................................... 34
Disassembling & Assembling Computer System .............................................................. 34
Opening the Case ........................................................................................................ 34
Installing the Power Supply ......................................................................................... 35
Attaching components to the Motherboard ................................................................ 35
Installing CPU and Heat Sink/Fan Assembly ................................................................. 36
Installing RAM ............................................................................................................. 36
Installing Motherboard ................................................................................................ 37
Installing Internal Drives .............................................................................................. 37
Installing Drives in External Bays.................................................................................. 38
Installing Adapter Cards............................................................................................... 39
Connecting Power Cables ............................................................................................ 41
.................................................................................................................................... 42
PATA Cables installation steps ..................................................................................... 42
SATA Cables installation steps ..................................................................................... 43
Floppy Disk Drive Cables .............................................................................................. 43
Re-attach Panels, connecting External Cables .............................................................. 44
Now that all the internal components have been installed and connected to the
motherboard and power supply, the side panels are re-attached to the computer case.
The next step is to connect the cables for all computer peripherals and the power
cable............................................................................................................................ 44
Boot Computer for the First Time ................................................................................ 45
Self-Checked 1.4-1 .............................................................................................................. 47
Answer Key1.4-1 ................................................................................................................. 48
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ACTIVITY SHEET 1.4-1 .......................................................................................................... 49
3. Disassemble the Unit ................................................................................................... 49
Remove the External I/O Systems: ...................................................................................... 49
Remove the Storage Devices in the System Unit: ................................................................ 50
Remove the Interface Cards (Adapter Cards):...................................................................... 50
Performance Criteria Checklist ............................................................................................ 51
LEARNING OUTCOME # 2 .................................................................................................... 52
PREPARE INSTALLER ........................................................................................................ 52
Learning Experiences .......................................................................................................... 53
Microsoft Windows 7 Pre-installation Guide ................................................................... 54
How to Create a Windows Installation DVD or USB ..................................................... 54
Downloading Windows 7 ISOs, Legally and for Free ..................................................... 54
Why do we need to download Windows 7 .................................................................. 55
How is it legal to download Windows 7 as an ISO? .................................................... 55
Where can I find the Windows 7 product key? ........................................................... 56
The Clean Ways to Download Windows 7 .................................................................... 56
Downloading Windows 7 Torrent ............................................................................... 56
How to Download Windows 7 with the torrent file .................................................... 58
How can I trust that these Windows 7 ISOs are clean? ................................................... 58
How to download Windows 7 straight from Microsoft .................................................. 61
The Windows ISO Downloader from Heidoc.net ........................................................ 62
How to download Windows 7 ISOs with the Windows ISO downloader .................... 63
How to create a Windows installation bootable USB flash drive .................................. 66
The Fastest Way to Create a Windows USB ................................................................ 66
Self-Check 2.1-1 .................................................................................................................. 70
ANSWER KEY 2.1-1 .............................................................................................................. 71
Creating Windows installation disc .................................................................................. 72
Boot PC with the Windows installation disc or Windows USB ...................................... 73
Find the boot options and change the boot order ....................................................... 79
Disable Secure Boot on UEFI, to boot Win7 / Linux ...................................................... 81
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Save changes and exit ................................................................................................. 82
Change the boot order back to default afterward ........................................................ 82
Task Sheet 2.2-1 .................................................................................................................. 85
Performance Criteria 2.2-1 .................................................................................................. 86
LEARNING OUTCOME #3 ..................................................................................................... 87
INSTALL OPERATING SYSTEM AND DRIVERS FOR PERIPHERALS/ DEVICES ........................ 87
Learning Experiences .......................................................................................................... 88
Installing Windows 7 from USB or DVD............................................................................ 89
Selecting a hard drive or partition ............................................................................... 90
Install Windows 7 on a disk that already has a Windows partition ............................... 93
No drives are found ..................................................................................................... 95
Windows cannot be installed to this disk (GPT partition style) ..................................... 97
Automated Windows Installation .............................................................................. 100
Setting up Windows 7................................................................................................ 101
Task Sheet 3.1-1 ................................................................................................................ 104
Performance Criteria 3.1-1 ................................................................................................ 105
INFORMATION SHEET 3.2-1 ............................................................................................... 106
Device Drivers ............................................................................................................... 106
Monitor Driver .......................................................................................................... 106
Installing a Sound Card Drivers .................................................................................. 107
Installing Other Drivers .............................................................................................. 107
Unrecognized Device ................................................................................................. 107
Self-Check 3.2-1 ................................................................................................................ 109
Answer Key ....................................................................................................................... 110
ACTIVITY SHEET 3.2-1 ........................................................................................................ 111
Performance Criteria ......................................................................................................... 112
Updating and Re-installing Device Drivers ..................................................................... 113
Self-Check 3.3-1 ................................................................................................................ 120
ANSWER KEY 3.3-1 ............................................................................................................ 121
LEARNING OUTCOME # 4 .................................................................................................. 122
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INSTALL APPLICATION SOFTWARE ................................................................................. 122
Learning Experiences ........................................................................................................ 123
Application Software Installation ................................................................................... 124
Installing from a CD-ROM .......................................................................................... 124
Installing software from the Web .............................................................................. 124
Tips for finding software ............................................................................................ 126
The Windows Store ................................................................................................... 126
Self-Check 4.1-1 ................................................................................................................ 127
ANSWER KEY 4.1-1 ............................................................................................................ 128
Downloading and Installing Application Softwares ........................................................ 131
Purchasing an Office Subscription.............................................................................. 131
Installing Office on Windows ..................................................................................... 132
Installing an Antivirus ................................................................................................ 132
Creating Virtual Machine in Windows 7 using Virtual PC ........................................... 136
Using Windows Virtual PC ......................................................................................... 136
Microsoft Windows Disk Management ...................................................................... 141
Alternatives to Disk Management ............................................................................. 144
Self-Check 4.2-1 ................................................................................................................ 145
ANSWER KEY 4.2-1 ............................................................................................................ 146
LEARNING OUTCOME # 5 .................................................................................................. 149
CONDUCT TESTING AND DOCUMENTATION .................................................................. 149
Learning Experiences ........................................................................................................ 150
CONDUCT TEST ON THE INSTALLED COMPUTER SYSTEM ............................................... 151
Testing Installed Equipment / Devices (Components) ................................................ 151
Software Tools .......................................................................................................... 152
Test procedures ......................................................................................................... 153
External Visual Inspection .......................................................................................... 154
Observing the Boot Routine ...................................................................................... 155
Self-Check 5.1-1 ................................................................................................................ 157
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ANSWER KEY 5.1-1 ............................................................................................................ 158
Stress Testing ................................................................................................................ 161
Hardware .................................................................................................................. 161
Software commonly used in stress testing ............................................................. 162
Software .................................................................................................................... 163
Self-Check 5.2-1 ................................................................................................................ 164
ANSWER KEY 5.2-1 ............................................................................................................ 165
The 6 Best Free Program for Testing Your PC ................................................................. 168
Before you begin....................................................................................................... 168
CPU testing ................................................................................................................ 169
GPU testing ............................................................................................................... 169
RAM testing .............................................................................................................. 169
Self-Check 5.3-1 ................................................................................................................ 170
ANSWER KEY 5.3-1 ............................................................................................................ 171
5S and 3Rs ..................................................................................................................... 174
How to 5S your Computer ......................................................................................... 174
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (R3) ...................................................................................... 176
Self-Check 5.4-1 ................................................................................................................ 178
ANSWER KEY 5.4-1 ............................................................................................................ 179
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MODULE CONTENT
QUALIFICATION COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING NC II

UNIT OF COMPETENCY Install and Configure Computer Systems
MODULE TITLE Installing and Configuring Computer Systems
INTRODUCTION:
This unit of competency covers the skills and knowledge required to Install and
Configure Computer Systems to work operations in an organization. The unit is designed
to complement competitive systems and practices units.
This unit applies to an individual who is expected to take responsibility for the
quality of their own work, and to take actions specified in the procedures and within the
scope of their job and authority to ensure that quality standards are met.
This unit requires the application of skills associated with interpreting and applying
workplace standards and identifying and addressing problems that interfere with quality
outcomes. The unit requires initiative, enterprise and self-management to ensure quality
standards are achieved.
NOMINAL DURATION: 40 hours
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Assemble computer hardware
2. Prepare installer
3. Install operating system and drivers for peripherals/ devices
4. Install application software
5. Conduct testing and documentation
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Unit assembly is planned and prepared to ensure OH&S policies and procedures
are followed in accordance with systems requirements
2. Materials necessary to complete the work are identified and obtained in
accordance with established procedures and checked against systems
requirements
3. Tools, equipment and testing devices needed to carry out the installation work are
obtained in accordance with established procedures and checked for correct
operation and safety
4. Computer hardware is assembled in accordance with established procedures and
systems requirements
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5. Basic-input-output-system (BIOS) configuration is performed in accordance with
hardware requirements.
6. Portable bootable devices are created in accordance with software manufacturer
instruction
7. Customized installers are prepared in accordance with software utilization guide
and end user agreement.
8. Installation of portable applications are carried out in accordance with software
user guide and software license
9. Operating system (OS) is installed in accordance with established installation
procedures and to comply with end-user requirements
10. Peripherals/devices drivers are installed and configured in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions and/or OS installation procedures.
11. OS and drivers updates/patches are accessed and installed in accordance with
manufacturer’s recommendations and requirements
12. On-going checks of the quality of the work are undertaken in accordance with
established procedures
13. Application software are installed based on software installation guides, end-user
requirements and software license agreement
14. Variation to application software installation is carried out in accordance to
customer/client requirements
15. Software updates are accessed and installed in accordance with manufacturer’s
recommendations and requirements
16. Devices / systems and/or installation is tested to determine whether it conforms
to requirements
17. Stress test is conducted to ensure reliability of equipment in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions and system requirements
18. 5S and 3Rs are followed according to environmental policies
19. Documentation in relation to the test is forwarded to appropriate personnel
and/or authority in accordance with requirements
Prerequisite:
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LEARNING OUTCOME # 1
Assemble Computer Hardware
CONTENTS:
1. Types and parts of computers
2. Peripheral devices
3. Computer systems design
4. Computer assembly procedures
5. Desktop PC interface/ hook up procedures
6. Motherboards
7. Multimedia storage devices:
8. Video cards
9. Sound cards
10. Safety handling of computer parts
11. Assembling computer hardware
1. Unit assembly is planned and prepared to ensure OH&S policies and procedures are
followed in accordance with systems requirements
2. Materials necessary to complete the work are identified and obtained in accordance
with established procedures and checked against systems requirements
3. Tools, equipment and testing devices needed to carry out the installation work are
obtained in accordance with established procedures and checked for correct
operation and safety
4. Computer hardware is assembled in accordance with established procedures and
systems requirements
5. Basic-input-output-system (BIOS) configuration is performed in accordance with
hardware requirements
CONDITION:
Trainees must be provided with the following:
 Personal Protective equipment ( ex. protective eyewear, anti static wrist wrap)
 Electronic laboratory hand tools (assorted pliers, assorted screw drivers,
soldering iron & desoldering tool)
 RS 232 pin exertion/ extraction tool
 Flashlights
 Mirror (inspection)
 Hand-outs
 Protective eyewear
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 Digital multi-meter
 Wire stripper with bolt cutter
 Pliers (assorted)
 Screw drivers (assorted)
 Soldering iron
 Desoldering tool
 Allen wrench (0.05 – 0.25 inch)
 Flashlight
 IC insertion/extraction tool
 Mirror (inspection)
 RS 232 pin insertion/extraction tool
 Sharp pointed tweezers
 Antistatic wrist wrap
 LAN Tester
 Crimping tools
 Motherboard
 Hard disk
 Video card
 Sound card
 Optical disc drives
 Memory modules
 Power supply
 Cables and cords
ASSESSMENT METHOD:
1. Practical Demonstration
2. Hands-on
3. Direct observation
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LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read Information Sheet No. 1.1-1
2. Answer Self-Check 1.1-1 Compare answers with the answer key.
You are required to get all answers correct.
If not, read the information sheets again to
answer all questions correctly.
9. Perform Activity Sheet No. 1.4-1 Evaluate your own work using the
Performance Criteria.
Present your work to your trainer for
evaluation and recording.
After doing all activities of this LO, you are
ready to proceed to the next LO on
preparing installer.
10. Read Information 2.1-1
11. Answer Self-Check 2.1-1 Evaluate your own work using the
12. Perform Task Sheet 2.2-1 Evaluate your own work using the
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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1
OHS Policies and Procedures
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and apply OHS
policies and procedures when working on a computer system.
Occupational Health and Safety Policy
Occupational health and safety is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the
safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work. The goal of all occupational health
and safety programs is to foster a safe work environment. As a secondary effect, it may also
protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities,
and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace environment. It may
involve interactions among many subject areas, including occupational medicine,
occupational (or industrial) hygiene, public health, safety engineering, chemistry, health
physics.
Safety practices should be learned early and always adhered to when working with any
electrical device, including personal computers and peripherals. This is for the protection of
not only the people working with them, but also for the devices themselves. The basis for
this process begins with your Occupational Health and Safety Policies.
Personal Safety While Working Along With PC’s
While working inside your computer, do not attempt to service the computer except as
explained in this guide and elsewhere in product documentation. Always follow the
instructions closely.
Computer equipment can be dangerous, and you or others can be injured or even killed if
you don’t follow proper safety guidelines when working along PC’s. The following are some
precautionary measures to take before working with any computer equipment:
Before you start to work on the computer, perform the following steps in the sequence
indicated:
1. Turn off the computer and all peripherals.
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2. Touch an unpainted metal surface on the computer chassis, such as the metal
around the card-slot openings at the back of your computer, before touching
anything inside your computer.
3. Disconnect the computer and peripherals from their electrical outlets. Doing so
reduces the potential for personal injury or shock. Also disconnect any telephone or
telecommunication lines from the computer.
NOTE: Before disconnecting a peripheral from the system or removing a component
from the system board, verify that the standby power light-emitting diode (LED) on the
system board has turned off.
While you work, periodically touch an unpainted metal surface on the computer chassis to
dissipate any static electricity that might harm internal components.
In addition, it is recommended that you periodically review the safety instructions in your
System Information Guide.
Additional Safety tips:
 Wear shoes with non-conductive rubber soles to help reduce the chance of being
shocked or seriously injured in an electrical accident.
 Do not work on components that are plugged into their power source.
 Do not remove expansion cards from a computer when it is turned on.
 Remove all jewelry when working inside any computer related equipment.
 Be sure not to mix electronic components and water.
 When you shut down your computer, be sure to shut it down properly. Do not turn
it off with the case switch.
 Don’t eat or drinks while working.
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Self-Check 1.1.1
Directions:
Identify at least 10 Occupation health and Safety (OHS) policies and procedures in CHS.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Did the Trainee overall performance meet the required

evidence/standard? Yes No
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ANSWER KEY 1.1-1
10 Occupation Health and Safety (OHS) policies and procedures in CHS
1. Disconnect the computer and peripherals from their electrical outlets.
2. Touch an unpainted metal surface on the computer chassis, such as the metal around
the card-slot openings at the back of your computer, before touching anything inside
your computer
3. Turn off the computer and all peripherals
4. Wear shoes with non-conductive rubber soles to help reduce the chance of being
shocked or seriously injured in an electrical accident.
5. Do not work on components that are plugged into their power source.
6. Do not remove expansion cards from a computer when it is turned on.

7. Remove all jewelry when working inside any computer related equipment.
8. Be sure not to mix electronic components and water.
9. When you shut down your computer, be sure to shut it down properly. Do not turn it
off with the case switch.
10. Wear anti-static materials.
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Basic Terms, Concepts, Functions and Characteristics of PC Hardware Components
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify the Basic Terms,
Concepts, Functions and Characteristics of PC Hardware Components
Types of Computer
Workstation
A workstation is a high-end personal computer designed for

technical or scientific applications. Intended primarily to be
used by one person at a time, they are commonly connected
to a local area network and run multi-user operating
systems.
Desktop Computer
Desktop computers come in a variety of styles ranging from

large vertical tower cases to small form factor models that
can be tucked behind an LCD monitor. In this sense, the term
'desktop' refers specifically to a horizontally-oriented case,
usually intended to have the display screen placed on top to
save space on the desk top. Most modern desktop
computers have separate screens and keyboards.
Laptop
A laptop computer or simply laptop, also called a

notebook computer or sometimes a notebook, is a small
personal computer designed for portability.
Netbook
Netbooks (also called mini notebooks or subnotebooks) are

a rapidly evolving category of small, light and inexpensive
laptop computers suited for general computing and
accessing web-based applications; they are often marketed
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as "companion devices," that is, to augment a user's other computer access.
Tablet PC
A tablet PC is a notebook or slate-shaped mobile computer,

first introduced by Pen computing in the early 90s with their
PenGo Tablet Computer and popularized by Microsoft. Its
touchscreen or graphics tablet/screen hybrid technology
allows the user to operate the computer with a stylus or
digital pen, or a fingertip, instead of a keyboard or mouse.
Pocket PC
A pocket PC is a hardware specification for a handheld-sized

computer (personal digital assistant) that runs the Microsoft
Windows Mobile operating system. It may have the capability to
run an alternative operating system like NetBSD or Linux. It has
many of the capabilities of modern desktop PCs.
PC Hardware Components and Peripherals
An exploded view of a modern personal computer and peripherals:
1. Scanner 9. Speakers
2. CPU (Microprocessor) 10. Monitor
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3. Primary storage (RAM) 11. System software
4. Expansion cards (graphics cards, etc.) 12. Application software
5. Power supply 13. Keyboard
6. Optical disc drive 14. Mouse
7. Secondary storage (Hard disk) 15. External hard disk
8. Motherboard 16. Printer
Computer Case
A computer case is the enclosure that contains the main

components of a computer. Cases are usually constructed from steel
or aluminum, although other materials such as wood and plastic have
been used. Cases can come in many different sizes, or form factors.
Processor
The central processing unit, or CPU, is that part of

a computer which executes software program
instructions. In older computers this circuitry was
formerly on several printed circuit boards, but in PCs is a
single integrated circuit. Nearly all PCs contain a type of
CPU known as a microprocessor, with a fan attached via
heat sink.
Motherboard
The motherboard, also referred to as system board or

mainboard, is the primary circuit board within a personal computer.
Main memory
A PC's main memory is fast storage that is directly

accessible by the CPU, and is used to store the currently
executing program and immediately needed data.
Hard disk
Mass storage devices store programs and data even when

the power is off; they do require power to perform read and write
functions during usage. Although flash memory has dropped in
cost, the prevailing form of mass storage in personal computers is
still the hard disk.
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Video card
The video card or also called a graphics card,

graphics adapter or video adapter - processes and renders
the graphics output from the computer to the computer
display, and is an essential part of the modern computer.
Visual display unit
A visual display unit (or monitor) is a piece of electrical

equipment, usually separate from the computer case, which
displays viewable images generated by a computer without
producing a permanent record.
Keyboard
In computing, a keyboard is an arrangement of

buttons that each correspond to a function, letter, or
number. They are the primary devices of inputting text.
Mouse
A Mouse on a computer is a small, slidable device that

users hold and slide around to point at, click on, and sometimes
drag objects on screen in a graphical user interface using a pointer
on screen.
Other components found on a Computer System
Mass Storage
All computers require either fixed or removable storage for their operating
system, programs and user generated material.
Formerly the 5¼ inch and 3½ inch floppy disk drive (FDD) were the principal
forms of removable storage for backup of user files and distribution of
software.
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Computer Communications
Such as Internal modem card, Modem, Network adapter card (LAN card or
Ethernet card), and Router.
LAN Card is a network interface card. This is a

computer circuit board or card that is installed in a
computer so that it can be connected to a network.
Modem (Modulator-Demodulator) The modem is

a device that allows a given computer to share
data or otherwise a device which let computers
exchange information
Common Peripherals and Adapter Cards
Such as Headset, Joystick, Microphone, Printer, Scanner, Sound adapter card

(as a separate card rather than located on the motherboard), Speakers, and
Webcam.
Universal Serial Bus (USB), a hardware interface

for low-speed peripherals such as the keyboard,
mouse, joystick, scanner, printer and telephony
devices.
Scanner- it is an input device that read text or

illustration printed on paper, translates the
information into a form that a computer can use.
Printer - it is a piece of hardware that produces

a paper copy (also known as ‘hardcopy’) of the
information generated by the computer.
RAM – Random Access Memory, is a primary memory. This memory is used

inside the computer to hold programs and data while it is running.
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BIOS – Basic Input/Output System, chip that controls the most basic functions
of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn it on.
Flash drive– RAM that can retain data without

electrical power. It is widely used for BIOS chips
and for digital camera and digital music storage.
Video Camera - camera using videotape: a

camera that records onto videotape
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Self-Check 1.2-1
A. Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose the best answer of the given choices. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering.
1. It is a high end personal computer designed for technical or scientific applications.

Intended primarily to be used by one person at a time, they are commonly
connected to a local area network and run multi-user operating systems.
a) Work Station
b) Nettop
c) Laptop
d) Tablet PC
2. It is a small personal computer designed for portability. Usually all of the interface
hardware needed to operate this computer, such as USB ports (previously parallel
and serial ports), graphics card, sound channel, etc., are built in to a single unit.
a) Work Station
b) Nettop
c) Laptop
d) Tablet PC
3. It is a convergence device that combines the functions of a personal computer and a

digital video recorder.
a) Work Station
b) Home theater PC
c) Laptop
d) Tablet PC
4. It is a hardware specification for a handheld-sized computer (personal digital

assistant) that runs the Microsoft Windows Mobile operating system.
a) Work Station
b) Home theater PC
c) Laptop
d) Pocket PC
5. It is also called mini notebooks or subnotebooks and are a rapidly evolving category
of small, light and inexpensive laptop computers suited for general computing and
accessing web-based applications
a) Netbook
b) Home theater PC
c) Work Station
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d) Pocket PC
6. It is the enclosure that contains the main components of a computer.

a) Mother Board
b) Computer Case
c) Processor
d) Hard Disk
7. It is the part of a computer which executes software program instructions.

a) Mother Board
b) CPU
c) Processor
d) Hard Disk
8. It is also referred to as system board or mainboard, and is the primary circuit board
within a personal computer.
a) Mother Board
b) CPU
c) Processor
d) Hard Disk
9. It processes and renders the graphics output from the computer to the computer
display.
a) Memory
b) CPU
c) Video card
d) Hard Disk
10. It is a piece of electrical equipment, usually separate from the computer case, which
displays viewable images generated by a computer without producing a permanent
record.
a) Memory
b) CPU
c) Printer
d) Monitor
B. Identification
Directions: Identify the following computer components. Use a separate sheet of

paper in answering.
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1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
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ANSWER KEY 1.2-1
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
2. A 6. B
3. C 7. B
4. B 8. A
5. D 9. C
6. A 10. D
B. IDENTIFICATION
1. Monitor
2. Video card
3. Hard Disk
4. Memory/ RAM
5. Mother Board
6. Processor
7. Keyboard
8. Mouse
9. Printer
10. Scanner
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Hand Tools for Testing and Repair Computer System
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and use Hand Tools
for Testing and troubleshooting Computer System & Network
Introduction
Tools and equipment play a vital role in troubleshooting; it helps the user to determine the
errors found in your computer hardware and network.
Tools used to test and repair hardware problems
1. Screw Drivers - is used to install and remove screws in

your computer unit.
2. Pliers and Tweezers - is used for picking small parts in

your computer unit.
3. Soldering Iron - is primarily used for connecting

terminals in your power supply and circuit board with
the use of a soldering lead.
4. Anti-Static Wrist Strap, Mat and Spray - are used to eliminate electrostatic
discharge in your work area.
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5. Lens Cleaner - is used for cleaning optical media,
such as DVD-ROMS and CD-writers.
6. Thermal Paste-is a paste used for heat dissipation for your

processor.
7. LAN Tester – is a device used to test the network connection..
8. Crimping Tool- is a device used to crimp the RJ45 connector to the UTP cable.
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Self-Check 1.3-1
Place write your answers in your computer using MS Word and save in your folder:
1. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools.

a.
b.
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ANSWER KEY 1.3-1
1. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting.

a) Screw drivers
b) Pliers and tweezers
c) Soldering iron
d) Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray
e) Lens cleaner
f) Thermal paste
2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools.

a) LAN Tester
b) Crimping tool
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Information Sheet 1.4-1
Disassembling & Assembling Computer System
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able disassemble and assemble
computer system.
Introduction
Computer assembly is a large part of a technician's job. When assembling or disassembling,

work in a logical, methodical manner with computer components. By continuous practice, it
will improve computer assembly skills dramatically.
The following is a step-by-step procedure in assembling a computer system.
Opening the Case
 Prepare the workspace before opening the computer case:

- Adequate lighting
- Good ventilation
- Comfortable room temperature
- Workbench accessible from all sides
- Avoid cluttering workbench
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- An antistatic mat on the table
- Small containers to hold screws and other small parts
 There are different methods for opening cases. To learn how, consult the user
manual or manufacturer's website.
Installing the Power Supply
Power supply installation steps include the following:

1. Insert the power supply into the case
2. Align the holes in the power supply with the holes in the case
3. Secure the power supply to the case using the proper screws
Attaching components to the Motherboard
As part of an upgrade or repair, a technician may need to attach components to the

motherboard, and then install the motherboard.
CPU on Motherboard
 The CPU and motherboard are sensitive to electrostatic discharge so use a grounded
antistatic mat and wear an antistatic wrist strap.
OH&S: When handling a CPU, do not touch the CPU contacts.
 The CPU is secured to the socket on the motherboard with a locking assembly.
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Thermal Compound
 Thermal compound helps to keep the CPU cool.

 To install a used CPU, clean it and the base of the
heat sink with isopropyl alcohol to remove the old
thermal compound.
 Follow manufacturer’s recommendations about
applying the thermal compound.
Heat Sink/Fan Assembly
 The Heat Sink/Fan Assembly is a two-part cooling device.

 The heat sink draws heat away from the CPU.
 The fan moves the heat away from the heat sink.
 The heat sink/fan assembly usually has a 3-pin power
connector.
Installing CPU and Heat Sink/Fan Assembly
1. Align the CPU so that the Connection 1 indicator is lined up with Pin 1 on the CPU
socket.
2. Place the CPU gently into the socket.
3. Close the CPU load plate and secure it by closing the load lever and moving it under
the load lever retention tab.
4. Apply a small amount of thermal compound to the CPU and spread it evenly. Follow
the application instructions provided by the manufacturer.
5. Line up the heat sink/fan assembly retainers to the holes on the motherboard.
6. Place the heat sink/fan assembly onto the CPU socket, being careful not to pinch the
CPU fan wires.
7. Tighten the heat sink/fan assembly retainers to secure the assembly in place.
8. Connect the heat sink/fan assembly power cable to the header on the motherboard.
Installing RAM
RAM provides temporary data storage for the CPU while the computer is operating. Note
that RAM should be installed in the motherboard before the motherboard is placed in the
computer case. Follow these steps when performing RAM installation:
1. Align the notches on the RAM module to the keys in the slot and press down
until the side tabs click into place.
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2. Make sure that the side tabs have locked the RAM module and visually check
for exposed contacts.
OH&S: Handle the component with care. Hold the component such as a memory
module by its edges, not its pins.
The motherboard is now ready to install in the computer case. Plastic and metal standoffs
are used to mount the motherboard and to prevent it from touching the metal portions of
the case. Remember to install only the standoffs that align with the holes in the
motherboard. Take note also that installing any additional standoffs may prevent the
motherboard from being seated properly in the computer case.
Installing Motherboard
1. Install standoffs in the computer case.

2. Align the I/O connectors on the back of the motherboard with
the openings in the back of the case.
3. Align the screw holes of the motherboard with the standoffs.
4. Insert all of the motherboard screws.
5. Tighten all of the motherboard screws.
Installing Internal Drives
Drives that are installed in internal bays are called internal drives. A
hard disk drive (HDD) is an example of an internal drive. To properly
install HDD follow these steps:
1. Position the HDD so that it aligns with the 3.5-inch drive bay.
2. Insert the HDD into the drive bay so that the screw holes in
the drive line up with the screw holes in the case.
3. Secure the HDD to the case using the proper screws.
OH&S: Protect the computer & hard drive from environmental hazards
such as dirt, dust, food, liquids, temperature extremes, and overexposure
to sunlight.
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Installing Drives in External Bays
Drives, such as optical drives (CD and DVD) and floppy drives, are installed in drive bays that
are accessed from the front of the case. Optical drives and floppy drives store data on
removable media. Drives in external bays allow access to the media without opening the
case.
Installing Optical Drive
An optical drive is a storage device that reads and writes information to CDs or DVDs. These
are the steps when installing:
1. Position the optical drive to align with the 5.25 inch drive bay.
2. Insert the optical drive into the drive bay so that the optical drive screw holes
align with the screw holes in the case.
3. Secure the optical drive to the case using the proper screws.
Installing Floppy Drive
A floppy disk drive (FDD) is a storage device that reads and writes information to a floppy
disk. Follow these steps when installing FDD:
1. Position the FDD so that it aligns with the 3.5 inch drive bay.
2. Insert the FDD into the drive bay so that the FDD screw holes align with the
screw holes in the case.
3. Secure the FDD to the case using the proper screws.
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Installing Adapter Cards
OH&S: When installing or removing the cards, hold the card by the bracket, not by the circuit
board, chips, or card connector.
Adapter cards are installed to add functionality to a computer. Adapter cards must be
compatible with the expansion slot. Some examples of adapter cards are:
1. PCIe x1 NIC
2. PCI Wireless NIC
3. PCIe x16 video adapter card
Installing the Network Interface Card (NIC)
A NIC enables a computer to connect to a network. NICs used PCI and PCIe
expansion slots on the motherboard. When installing NIC, follow these steps:
1. Align the NIC to the appropriate slot on the

motherboard.
2. Press down gently on the NIC until the card is
seated.
3. Secure the NIC PC mounting bracket to the case
with the appropriate screw.
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Installing the Wireless NIC
A wireless NIC enables a computer to connect to a wireless network. Some wireless

NICs are installed externally with a USB connector. Wireless NIC installation steps:
1. Align the wireless NIC to the appropriate

expansion slot on the motherboard.
2. Press down gently on the wireless NIC until
the card is fully seated.
3. Secure the mounting bracket to the case
Installing the Video Adapter Card
A video adapter card is the interface between a computer and a display monitor. An
upgraded video adapter card can provide better graphic capabilities for games and
graphic programs. When installing video adapter card, follow these steps:
1. Align the video adapter card to the

appropriate expansion slot on the
motherboard.
2. Press down gently on the video
adapter card until the card is fully
seated.
3. Secure the video adapter card
PC mounting bracket to the case
Connecting Internal Cables
Power cables are used to distribute electricity from the power

supply to the motherboard and other components. Data cables
transmit data between the motherboard and storage devices,
such as hard drives. Additional cables connect the buttons and
link lights on the front of the computer case to the motherboard.
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Connecting Power Cables
OH&S: When you disconnect a cable, pull on its connector or on its strain-relief loop, not on
the cable itself. As you pull out the connector, keep it evenly aligned to avoid bending any
connector pins. Also, before you connect a cable make sure both connectors are correctly
oriented and aligned.
Motherboard Power Connections
The Advanced Technology Extended (ATX) main power

connector has either 20 or 24 pins.
The power supply may also have a 4-pin or 6-pin Auxiliary

(AUX) power connector that connects to the motherboard.
Note that a 20-pin connector will work in a motherboard with a 24-pin socket.
ATA Power Connectors use a 15-pin connector to connect to hard disk drives, optical
drives, or any devices that have a SATA power socket.
SATA
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Molex Power Connectors are used by hard disk drives and optical drives that do not
have SATA power sockets.
Molex
OH&S: Do not use a Molex connector and a SATA power connector on the same drive
at the same time.
4-pin Berg Power Connector supplies power to a floppy drive.
Berg
Power Connector Installation steps:
1. Plug the SATA power connector into the HDD.

2. Plug the Molex power connector into the optical drive.
3. Plug the 4-pin Berg power connector into the FDD.
4. Connect the 3-pin fan power connector into the appropriate fan header on the
motherboard, according to the motherboard manual.
5. Plug the additional cables from the case into the appropriate connectors
according to the motherboard manual.
PATA Cables installation steps
1. Drives connect to the motherboard using data cables.

2. Types of data cables are PATA, SATA, and floppy disk.
3. The PATA cable (sometimes called a ribbon cable) is wide and flat and can have either
40 or 80 conductors.
4. A PATA cable usually has three 40-pin connectors.
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5. If multiple hard drives are installed, the master drive will connect to the end
connector. The slave drive will connect to the middle connector.
6. Many motherboards have two PATA cable sockets, which provides support for a
maximum of four PATA drives.
SATA Cables installation steps
1. The SATA data cable has a 7-pin connector.

2. One end of the cable is connected to the motherboard.
3. The other end is connected to any drive that has a SATA data connector.
Floppy Disk Drive Cables
The floppy drive data cable has a 34-pin connector and it has a stripe to denote the location
of pin 1. One connector at the end of the cable connects to the motherboard. The other two
connectors connect to drives. If multiple floppy drives are installed, the A: drive will connect
to the end connector. The B: drive will connect to the middle connector. Motherboards have
one floppy drive controller which provides support for a maximum of two floppy drives.
Installing Data Cables
1. Plug the motherboard end of the PATA cable into the motherboard socket.
2. Plug the connector at the far end of the PATA cable into the optical drive.
3. Plug one end of the SATA cable into the motherboard socket.
4. Plug the other end of the SATA cable into the HDD.
5. Plug the motherboard end of the FDD cable into the motherboard socket.
6. Plug the connector at the far end of the FDD cable into the floppy drive.
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Re-attach Panels, connecting External Cables
Now that all the internal components have been installed and connected to the
motherboard and power supply, the side panels are re-attached to the computer case. The
next step is to connect the cables for all computer peripherals and the power cable.
Re-attach Side Panels
Most computer cases have two panels, one on each side. Once the cover is in place,
make sure that it is secured at all screw locations. Refer to the documentation or
manufacturer’s website if you are unsure about how to remove or replace your
computer case.
OH&S: Handle case parts with care. Some computer case covers have sharp or jagged
edges.
Connect External Cables
After the case panels have been re-attached, connect the external cables to the back
of the computer. External cable connections include:
Monitor USB
Keyboard Power
Mouse Ethernet
OH&S: When attaching cables, never force a connection.
NOTE: Plug in the power cable after you have connected all other
cables.
Connecting External Cables
1. Attach the monitor cable to the video port.

2. Secure the cable by tightening the screws on the connector.
3. Plug the keyboard cable into the PS/2 keyboard port.
4. Plug the mouse cable into the PS/2 mouse port.
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5. Plug the USB cable into a USB port.
6. Plug the network cable into the network port.
7. Connect the wireless antenna to the antenna connector.
8. Plug the power cable into the power supply.
Boot Computer for the First Time
The BIOS is a set of instructions stored in a nonvolatile memory chip. When the computer is
booted, the basic input/output system (BIOS) will perform a power-on self-test (POST) to
check on all of the internal components.
A special key or combination of keys on the keyboard is used to enter the BIOS setup
program. The BIOS setup program displays information about all of the components in the
computer.
Identify Beep Codes
 POST checks to see that all of the hardware in the computer is operating
correctly.
 If a device is malfunctioning, an error or a beep code alerts the technician that
there is a problem.
 Typically, a single beep denotes that the computer is functioning properly.
 If there is a hardware problem, the computer may emit a series of beeps.
 Each BIOS manufacturer uses different codes to indicate hardware problems.
 Consult the motherboard documentation to view beep codes for your computer.
BIOS Setup
 The BIOS contains a setup program used to configure settings for hardware
devices.
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 The configuration data is saved to a special memory chip called a complementary
metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS).
 CMOS is maintained by the battery in the computer.
 If this battery dies, all BIOS setup configuration data will be lost.
 Replace the battery and reconfigure the BIOS settings.
BIOS Setup Program
BIOS settings are configured in the BIOS setup program.
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Self-Checked 1.4-1
Match the PC Components to its proper location in the motherboard.
3
1
2
5
a b c
d e
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Answer Key1.4-1
1. C
2. B
3. E
4. D
5. A
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ACTIVITY SHEET 1.4-1
Supplies, Tools and Materials:

 A small Phillips (star) screw driver and a small flat blade screw driver.
 Bond paper
 Anti-static wrist grounding strap
 Pliers
 Anti-static mat
Given personal computer you are going to disassemble & assemble the unit within 30
minutes.
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Confirm that the hardware works...

 Does your video monitor work?
 Does your PC boot?
 Do your floppy drive and CD/DVD drive work?
 Does the hard drive work?
 Do the keyboard and mouse functioning?
2. Turn OFF the system.
NOTE: READ THIS ENTIRETY BEFORE YOU BEGIN.
a) Discharge yourself of all static electricity by touching the PC’s chassis (or the ground
screw on the receptacle).
b) Safety NOTE!! Beware of sharp edges!!! The cheaper chassis have very sharp
edges that can cut you easily. Be very careful and take your time. Remember,
SAFETY FIRST.
c) As you remove each board and disk drive, document the information listed in the
attached Specifications document (note some parts of the spec sheets won’t apply
to this lab).
3. Disassemble the Unit
Remove the External I/O Systems:

a) Unplug all power cords, from the commercial outlet.
b) Remove all peripherals from the system unit.
c) Disconnect the keyboard from the rear of the unit.
d) Disconnect the monitor power cable.
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e) Disconnect the monitor signal cable (video cable) from the video adapter
card.
Do the following for each card and drive removed:

 Before removing a card, document any cables that are attached to the card,
noting where they go and their orientation.
 Store screws properly.
 Note the position of the color strip (pin no. 1) on the cables and make a
mark for the pin no.1 if needed on the I/O card or Motherboard and on
the Floppy and the hard drive.
Remove the Storage Devices in the System Unit:

a) Remove the floppy drive.
b) Remove the hard drive.
Remove the Interface Cards (Adapter Cards):

a) Remove the video card from the expansion slot.
b) Remove other interface cards if exists.
 Draw a picture of the card. The drawing should accurately show;

 the shape of the board,
 the connectors on the board, including the card edge connector,
 the number of pins on connectors,
 all jumpers and the jumper settings.
 label the board with any identification that appears on the card (chip
sets or manufacturer stamps, BIOS stamps, etc...).
4. Assemble the PC
To assemble the PC, reverse the procedure above or follow the procedures in the
information sheet “Disassembling & Assembling PC”.
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Performance Criteria Checklist
Checklist for Job Sheet 1.4-1
Identifying Trainees’ Characteristics
Trainee’s Name_________________________________________ Date ________________
Yes No
CRITERIA
1. Unit assembly is planned and prepared to ensure OH&S policies and

procedures are followed in accordance with systems requirements
2. Materials necessary to complete the work are identified and obtained in
accordance with established procedures and checked against systems
requirements
3. Tools, equipment and testing devices needed to carry out the installation
work are obtained in accordance with established procedures and checked
for correct operation and safety
4. Computer hardware is assembled in accordance with established
procedures and systems requirements
5. Basic-input-output-system (BIOS) configuration is performed in accordance
with hardware requirements
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PREPARE INSTALLER
CONTENTS:
1. Windows
2. MAC OS X
3. Linux
4. Automatic installation
5. Custom installation
6. Installation from optical devices
7. Installation from portable devices
8. Installation via network
9. Installers preparation and OS installation procedures
1. Portable bootable devices are created in accordance with software manufacturer
instruction
2. Customized installers are prepared in accordance with software utilization guide and
end user agreement.
3. Installation of portable applications are carried out in accordance with software user
guide and software license.
CONDITION:
1. Appropriate OS, drivers and software applications/programs
2. PC or workstation
ASSESSMENT METHOD:
1. Hands-on
3. Practical demonstration
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Learning Experiences

2. Answer Self-Check 2.1-1 Compare answers with the answer key. You
are required to get all answers correct. If
not, read the information sheets again to
installing operating system and drivers for
peripherals/devices.
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Microsoft Windows 7 Pre-installation Guide
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to prepare the computer for
installation of Windows 7 operating system.
For better or for worse, Windows 7 is currently the most popular PC OS in the world. Even if
we have never done it before, it is easy to install Windows 7 on a desktop or laptop PC. In
this guide, we will go through every step, from creating a Windows 7 installation USB or
DVD, all the way to logging in our new Windows installation.
This guide is written for beginners, part of the "First Steps" in installing Windows 7 for PC.
We install Windows 7 Home Premium x64, but it will work with any other Windows 7
version.
How to Create a Windows Installation DVD or USB
If you already have a Windows 7 DVD, you can skip straight to the next section, "Change
boot order in BIOS / UEFI."
Many of us, however, bought a PC with pre-installed Windows 7, and chances are we never
got a Windows 7 DVD. Not to worry, though, since it is easy to download Windows 7 as an
ISO, and then create an installation DVD or USB.
Downloading Windows 7 ISOs, Legally and for Free
For years, Microsoft allowed us to download Windows 7 ISOs through their content delivery
partner, Digital River. On February 2015, the company decided to take those links down.
Thankfully, there are a couple of ways to download Windows 7 ISOs, legally and for free,
either by using Torrents or a free app that provides links straight from Microsoft.
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Why do we need to download Windows 7
Many of us bought our copy of Windows 7 pre-installed with a new desktop or laptop PC.
More often than not, though, the box didn't contain a full Windows 7 DVD.
Usually, we would get a "recovery disk" or a recovery partition, to reinstate the operating
system to its default settings. But this would also restore all the third-party bloatware and
crapware the manufacturers include.
The ability to download Windows 7 ISOs is essential for anyone who wants a clean Windows
installation for their PC. It is also handy if we misplaced, lost, or destroyed our original disk.
How is it legal to download Windows 7 as an ISO?
When we buy a copy of Windows 7, we don't get a special installation DVD. Every DVD of a
particular version - e.g. Windows 7 Home Premium x864 or Windows 7 Professional x64 -
is identical to all the others.
What we buy is the unique 25-character product key. We will find it as a sticker on the retail
Windows 7 DVD case. Or, with pre-installed Windows, stuck underneath our laptop and on
the side of the PC tower.
With this product key, we can install Windows 7 using any disk of the corresponding version.
No matter where we got the Installation DVD, we will end up with legally activated Windows
7 on our PC.
We can even download Windows 7 as an ISO from the shadiest torrent site. As long as we
are using our genuine product key, the Windows installation will be 100% legal.
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Where can I find the Windows 7 product key?
If our Windows 7 PC didn't have Windows preinstalled and doesn't have a sticker, we can
use special applications from the internet to get the Windows 7 product key.
Some apps will even work in cases where we can't boot into Windows, as long as the hard
drive is functional.
However, to download Windows 7 through the site, we need the product key of a store-
bought, retail version of Windows.
In case we have a desktop or laptop computer with pre-installed Windows 7, we own an

OEM Windows 7 License. And Microsoft's website, for reasons unknown, won't let us
download Windows 7 ISOs with a valid OEM product key.
So, as OEM owners, what are we supposed to do? Steal a disk? Beg friends and strangers for
a Windows 7 DVD?
According to Microsoft, we should order a physical replacement disk, wait a couple of weeks
for the delivery, and pay the shipping and handling fees. Not exactly an ideal solution.
The Clean Ways to Download Windows 7
The good news is that whatever goes up on the Internet, never really goes away - for better
or for worse.
The German mirror http://mirror.corenoc.de/ has done an exceptional job gathering the
Digital River ISOs and uploading them as torrent files. They have all the different English
versions and even a few in other languages.
Downloading Windows 7 Torrent
To download Windows 7 using a torrent file, we will need a torrent client. In the example,
we will be using the popular torrent client qBittorrent.
Any torrent client will work, though, such as uTorrent / μTorrent or BitComet. So, if you
already have a torrent client, you don't need to install qBittorrent.
With a torrent client installed, we only need to download our preferred version's torrent
file:
MD5 Checksum: 0afa9359c62dc7b320205d3863c60385
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SHA-1 Hash: 6071b4553fcf0ea53d589a846b5ae76743dd68fc
Windows 7 Home Premium x64 (64bit) SP1

MD5 Checksum: da319b5826162829c436306bebea7f0f
SHA-1 Hash: 6c9058389c1e2e5122b7c933275f963edf1c07b9
Windows 7 Starter x86 (32bit) SP1

MD5 Checksum: c23c9cecee7e3093acfe00faab7091b5
SHA-1 Hash: e1653b111c4c6fd75b1be8f9b4c9bcbb0b39b209
Windows 7 Professional x64 (64bit) SP1

MD5 Checksum: ed15956fe33c13642a6d2cb2c7aa9749
SHA-1 Hash: 0bcfc54019ea175b1ee51f6d2b207a3d14dd2b58
Windows 7 Professional x86 (32bit) SP1

MD5 Checksum: 0bff99c8310ba12a9136e3d23606f3d4
SHA-1 Hash: d89937df3a9bc2ec1a1486195fd308cd3dade928
Windows 7 Ultimate x64 (64bit) SP1

MD5 Checksum: c9f7ecb768acb82daacf5030e14b271e
SHA-1 Hash: 36ae90defbad9d9539e649b193ae573b77a71c83
Windows 7 Ultimate x86 (32bit) SP1

MD5 Checksum: 2572274e6b0acf4ed1b502b175f2c2db
SHA-1 Hash: 65fce0f445d9bf7e78e43f17e441e08c63722657
The torrent file is just a few kilobytes in size, and it will download immediately.
Please note that the MD5 Checksums and SHA-1 Hashes refer to the Windows 7 ISO, not the
torrent file.
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How to Download Windows 7 with the torrent file
With a correctly installed Torrent client, we just need to double-click on the torrent file,
which will start the application and will ask us where to download the ISO file.
Depending on our internet speed, and the available seeders, the ISO file should download in
a few minutes.
How can I trust that these Windows 7 ISOs are clean?
As we mentioned earlier, downloading Windows 7 from questionable sources is never a

good idea. So, since a random German mirror site isn't exactly a reputable source, how can
we be 100% confident that these ISOs are clean and safe?
Fortunately, Microsoft can help with that. You see, these ISOs are the same ISOs we could
download if we had an MSDN subscription. And Microsoft provides the SHA-1 checksum for
the ISOs downloaded by MSDN subscribers.
We just need to visit the page, where we will find the relevant information for all the
Windows 7 ISOs.
We just need to look for the version we downloaded using the torrent file, and click on
"Details". For the example, we will be using Windows 7 Home Premium with Service Pack 1
(x64).
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Ignore the Product Keys and Download buttons; they won't work without a 1000$+ MSDN subscription
We know that we have the correct version from the ISO filename.
To confirm that the ISO we downloaded is 100% clean, we just need to compare Microsoft's
SHA-1 checksum with the ISO file's checksum.
For this, we will use the free MD5 & SHA Checksum Utility.
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This app requires the .NET Framework 3.5, and Windows will prompt to install it if we don't
have it already.
Apart from the .NET framework, the app is portable, and it doesn't require an installation.
We just run it, click on browse, and select the Windows 7 ISO.
Make sure to select the Windows 7 ISO and not the torrent you used to download the ISO.
Depending on our CPU speed, calculating the checksums will take a couple of minutes.
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On the MSDN page, we select the SHA1 checksum and copy it.
We paste it on the Verify Hash with Generated Hash field on the app and click on Verify.
The "SHA-1 Hash matched" message means that these Windows 7 ISOs are 100% identical
to Microsoft's ISOs, and not a single byte is different.
How to download Windows 7 straight from Microsoft
Torrents are an excellent way to download large files, but they are not for everyone. If you
don't have a torrent client and are not keen on installing one, there is an alternative way to
download Windows 7 straight from Microsoft.
What's best, this way will allow us not only to download Windows 7, but also Windows 8.1,
Windows 10, and several versions of Microsoft Office.
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The Windows ISO Downloader from Heidoc.net
Firstly, we need to download the latest version of the Windows ISO Downloader
from Heidoc.net. As of this writing, the version is 4.36, updated on May 12th, 2017.
The app is about 1MB and it will download instantly.
VirusTotal gives the app a 100% clean bill of health. But feel free to test the latest version
yourselves on VirusTotal.com or with the antivirus app you use on your PC.
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How to download Windows 7 ISOs with the Windows ISO downloader
The Windows ISO Downloader is a portable app, that does not require an installation. We
just open the app, and we are good to go.
The app is particularly easy to use, even for completely novice users. Firstly, we select the
version of Windows or Office on the upper right-hand corner...
Then, from the main window, we select the edition that matches our product key. For most
users with preinstalled Windows 7, the correct version is Windows 7 Home Premium SP1
COEM, or Windows 7 Professional SP1 COEM.
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After we hit the "Confirm" button, we get to choose the Windows 7 language. Our product
key will work on any language available.
Once we confirm the language, we get the option of downloading either the 32-bit or the
64-bit version of Windows.
These buttons and the subsequent links will only work for 24 hours from the time of
creation.
You should note that the download happens straight from Microsoft's servers.
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On a fast ADSL or VDSL connection, the download will take approximately 20 minutes.
If we want to use a different browser or a download accelerator, we can get the download
links from the "Copy link" buttons on the right.
We can then paste the link to the browser or app of our choice.
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How to create a Windows installation bootable USB flash drive
CDs and DVD aren't dead yet, but they are on their last legs. USB thumb drives have a
smaller size, larger capacity, faster read and write speed, and they are impervious to
scratches.
So, why bother to create a Windows installation disc, when we can have a Windows USB?
Provided our motherboard's BIOS can boot from USB, of course.
The Fastest Way to Create a Windows USB
There are several programs we can use to create a Windows USB from an ISO.
For Windows 8.1 or Windows 10, we can create a bootable Windows USB straight from
Microsoft's Media Creation Tool, no third-party apps required. It even skips over the step to
download the ISO; it's a true all-in-one solution.
If, however, we have already downloaded Windows as an ISO, or wish to create a Windows
7 USB, Rufus is one of the best apps to create a Windows USB of any version. We will find
the latest version at https://rufus.akeo.ie/downloads/.
The program's interface seems a bit cluttered and somewhat old-fashioned, but it's simple
to use.
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Rufus also claims to be much faster than its competitors, in comparisons with the same ISO
and USB stick.
Creating a bootable Windows USB with Rufus
To create a bootable Windows USB, we just need to make sure that we have selected our
USB flash drive in the "Device" field, and that it has a capacity of at least 4GB.
If we use a Windows 10 ISO that has both x86 and x64 versions together, we will need a
thumb drive with a capacity of at least 8GB. Most other Windows versions will fit on a 4GB
flash drive.
For a Windows 7 installation USB, the MBR partition scheme for BIOS or UEFI is the best
option.
If we are installing Windows 8.1 or Windows 10 on a UEFI system with a GPT disk, we must
select a "GPT partition scheme for UEFI."
After that, we click on the disc icon and choose the ISO image.
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Rufus will automatically change the File system to NTFS, which is a prerequisite for creating
a Windows USB. It will also change the volume label to ESD-ISO.
We don't need to do anything special to make the USB bootable, change any settings or
check any options. If we use the Microsoft/Digital River ISOs, it will be bootable by default.
If we have no data on the USB flash, or we don't care about the files, we proceed with "OK."
Depending on the speed of the thumb drive and the USB version, the Windows USB will take
a few minutes to prepare.
Using a fast USB 3.0 drive, with the same ISO on the same system, it finished in about two
and a half minutes.
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Remember to safely eject the USB
It's a good idea to remove the USB safely, to minimize any chance of corruption. Corrupted
data is never fun, but it's especially bad on a Windows USB.
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Self-Check 2.1-1
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ANSWER KEY 2.1-1
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Creating Windows installation disc
If we have an older-than-10-years motherboard on our PC, it is possible that it can't boot

from a Windows USB. In that case, a Windows installation disc is the most compatible
solution.
What's best is that Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10 can create a Windows
installation disc from an ISO without any third-party programs.
Then, it's just a matter of selecting our DVD-R drive - in which we should have an empty
DVD-R or DVD-RW - and click on "Burn."
We can optionally check the "Verify disc after burning" checkbox, to make sure the
Windows installation disc was created correctly and with no corruptions or any other
problems.
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As with the USB, we don't need to do anything special for the DVD to be bootable. With the
official ISOs, it will be bootable by default.
Boot PC with the Windows installation disc or Windows USB
So, we created a Windows USB/DVD or prepared an installation medium for Linux. The next
step to install or reinstall the operating system is selecting this medium to boot our PC. For
some motherboards, this will be straightforward. For others, it might be a bit complicated.
Here's how to change the boot order to any device, on motherboards with BIOS and UEFI.
The many flavors of BIOS / UEFI
BIOS or UEFI can be a scary place for a beginner. There are just so many options with weird
names and nonsensical descriptions. And we can't even use the mouse in most cases; we
need to navigate by keyboard.
What makes things worse is that BIOS and UEFI interfaces on different motherboards, even
from the same manufacturer, can have an entirely different user interface.
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What we are saying is that the screenshots on this guide will probably not match your
motherboard's BIOS or UEFI.
Still, we will do our best to guide you on how to change the boot order, and select the DVD
drive, a USB thumb drive, or a secondary HDD as the primary boot device.
Boot menu: The easy way to change the boot order
Most modern motherboards have a "Boot Menu" option, usually accessible by pressing one
of the F8-F12 keys or ESC on startup.
If there is a boot menu, the motherboard announces it along the manufacturer's logo...
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...or at the POST screen.
We can also check the following list, compiled by Brynux.com, which mentions the boot
menu keys for some well-known manufacturers and product lines.
Pressing the key in time is important. The manufacturer's logo could show for only one
second, or even less on a fast computer.
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If the system moves to the next screen...
...or the OS starts booting, it's too late, we have to reboot and try again.
After successfully hitting the boot menu key, we are presented with the bootable devices.
We just select the one we want and hit enter.
For USB devices to show up on this menu, they need to be connected to the PC before we
turn it on.
If there is a "+" sign, there are sub-options we can access by pressing "+" on the keyboard,
to select a specific Hard Drive or Removable drive.
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Some motherboards list the devices with their generic names. Other motherboards list the
full device names, so we have to select TSSTcorp CDDVDW SH-222AB to boot from DVD.
Also, most motherboards with UEFI will list USB devices twice, one plain and one as UEFI, as
we see with the KingstonDT 101 USB thumb drive. It's usually best to select the UEFI option
in those circumstances, especially for modern OSs, such as Windows 8.1 and 10.
The significant advantage of the boot menu is that it's a one-time deal; it will only change
the boot order for a single boot. Next time we reboot the system, the boot order will be
restored to the default.
This is perfect when installing an operating system. We don't want to boot to the
installation media again after the first reboot.
Hot to change the boot order in the BIOS / UEFI
If our motherboard doesn't have a boot menu, we need to enter the BIOS / UEFI setup and
change the boot order through there.
Usually, the key to enter the setup is DEL or F2.
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In some rare cases, it can be F1.
Some recent laptops, usually from Lenovo, don't use any keys on the keyboard to enter the
BIOS / UEFI. They feature a one-key recovery key, usually next to the power button...
...or on the side.
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Pressing this key will bring up a menu, through which we can both select Boot menu or
enter the BIOS / UEFI setup.
Find the boot options and change the boot order
On most BIOS interfaces, it's easy to locate the boot options screen.
The same goes for most UEFI interfaces.
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Only on some very old BIOS software, we need to enter the Advanced BIOS features.
But, even some recent systems might have the boot options hidden inside a different menu,
such as "System Configuration."
The method to change the boot order can also differ between the various BIOS and UEFI
interfaces.
On some cases, we separately select the first, second, and third boot devices.
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On other motherboards, there is a list and we must re-arrange the devices to change the
boot order.
Almost every BIOS has some guidelines on how to modify the boot order. The keys +/- or
F5/F6 usually move the selected device up and down.
Disable Secure Boot on UEFI, to boot Win7 / Linux
Windows 8 has brought a lot of nonsense with it, and part of it is the "Secure Boot" option.
This UEFI option won't let any other operating system boot, other than Windows 8, for
"security reasons."
So, if we are interested in booting Windows 7 or a Linux distribution, it is important to

disable Secure Boot.
If it isn't with the other Boot options, it could be at a "Security" tab.
Some motherboards won't let us disable Secure Boot until we have created
a Supervisor password.
After we have disabled the Secure Boot, we can change the supervisor password to a blank
password, to delete it.
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Save changes and exit
After we change the boot order within the BIOS / UEFI, it is important to save the changes
before we exit.
On some systems, we only need to press a single key which will save and exit.
Change the boot order back to default afterward
We might have changed the boot order to install an operating system or do a scan with an
Antivirus rescue CD/USB.
Whichever the reason, it's a good idea to restore the default boot order after we are done,
returning the Hard Drive as the primary boot device.
This way, if we have a bootable DVD inside our drive or a bootable USB connected to our PC,
the system will ignore them and continue to boot from the hard disk.
Also, some older motherboards might give an error message if they try to boot from a non-
bootable DVD or USB.
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Self-Check 2.2-1
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Answer Key
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Task Sheet 2.2-1
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Performance Criteria 2.2-1
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LEARNING OUTCOME #3
INSTALL OPERATING SYSTEM AND DRIVERS FOR PERIPHERALS/ DEVICES
CONTENTS:
1. Automatic installation
2. Custom installation
3. Installation from optical devices
4. Installation from portable devices
5. Installation via network
6. Printer
7. Scanner
8. Interface cards
 TV tuner
 video card
 sound card
9. Desktop PC interface/ hook up procedures
10. Power ON self-test and BIOS configuration procedures
11. Drivers/Software update procedures
1. Operating system (OS) is installed in accordance with established installation
procedures and to comply with end-user requirements
2. Peripherals/devices drivers are installed and configured in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions and/or OS installation procedures.
3. OS and drivers updates/patches are accessed and installed in accordance with
manufacturer’s recommendations and requirements
4. On-going checks of the quality of the work are undertaken in accordance with
established procedures.
CONDITIONS:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Appropriate OS, drivers and software applications/programs
 PC or workstation
ASSESSMENT METHOD:
1. Hands-on
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installing application software.
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Installing Windows 7 from USB or DVD
So, after we have changed the boot order to our Windows 7 installation medium and boot
the system, we need to press any key on the keyboard to install Windows 7.
The Digital River Windows ISOs have only a single language to install, but we can select a
different time and currency format and keyboard or input methods.
On the next screen, we select "Install Now"...
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...read and accept the Windows License terms...
...and select "Custom (advanced)".
Selecting a hard drive or partition
There are multiple scenarios regarding the choice of the disk or partition where we will
install Windows 7.
Install Windows 7 on an empty disk
On a new PC or a new disk, we just need to select the disk, which should be
characterized as "Unallocated Space".
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If we want Windows to create a single partition, we just click next.
If we have a large hard drive and want to split it into two or more partitions, we
must click on "Drive options (advanced)"...
...and then click "New", set the size for the new partition in Megabytes (remember,
1GB=1024MB), and "Apply".
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Windows itself, without any programs, takes about 21GB. But if we intend to install
large programs, such as games with 50GB+ installations, we should allocate between
100GB (102400MB) and 250GB (256000MB), so we don't run out of space. The
System Reserved partition is created automatically.
By clicking the rest of the unallocated space, we can create a data partition for our
files.
Finally, we select the Windows partitions and click on "Next" to install Windows 7.
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Install Windows 7 on a disk that already has a Windows partition
If we had a previous Windows installation on the disk, it will show as one or more Windows
partitions. Usually, the first one or two partitions - if there is a System Reserved Partition -
belong to the previous installation.
Before we make any changes to the previous partitions, we need to make sure we have
backed up any data on the partitions. Deleting or formatting the partitions will destroy all
the files inside.
With our data safe, it's best to delete the previous Windows Partitions. We just need to click
on Drive options (advanced)...
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...select the partition we want to delete and click on "Delete".
We click OK on the warning.
We repeat until only the data partition remains, if there was one. We then click on the
unallocated space and click Next to install Windows 7.
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No drives are found
If we get a message that "no drives are found", it can mean three things:
 Windows doesn't have drivers for the particular motherboard's SATA controller
 The hard drive isn't correctly connected to the motherboard or the power supply
 The hard drive doesn't work
The most common scenario is that Windows needs external SATA drivers to recognize the
hard drive. This will usually happen with laptops, rather than with desktop PCs.
We will find those drivers on the manufacturer's website for the laptop or the motherboard,
usually as SATA or SATA AHCI.
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On a second PC, we then download the drivers - usually as a .zip file - and copy all the files
to a USB thumb drive.
Then, we connect the USB to the PC where we want to install Windows, click on "Load
Driver"...
...and we can either click "OK" for Windows to search automatically for the driver or
"Browse" to point manually to the driver folder.
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After that, the disks will be visible, and we can install Windows 7.
Windows cannot be installed to this disk (GPT partition style)
We will often get this error when trying to downgrade from a PC with pre-installed Windows
8 / 8.1.
The problem is that the drive has a GPT partition style, and Windows 7 cannot be installed
on GPT.
To fix this issue, we must press Shift+F10 to open a command prompt window.
We type:
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With Diskpart loaded, we use the list disk command to show all our hard drives, and then
select disk 0 to choose the disk where we want to install Windows.
The next command will completely erase the disk, all the partitions and any data. So, make
sure there isn't anything you need from that disk and everything is backed up.
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To remove the GPT partition style, we type
After that we close the command prompt, click on refresh...
...and that's it. All of the partitions are gone, but the error message is also gone. We can
click on drive options to create partitions, as we saw earlier, or click next to install Windows
7 on the whole disk.
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Automated Windows Installation
After we selected disk or partition, Windows installation is mostly automated. It will first
expand files...
...automatically reboot and continue with the installation.
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Setting up Windows 7
After a second automatic reboot, we just need to enter our personal information and create
our user account.
First we select a username and a computer name. The computer name is the name with
which our PC will show on our local network (LAN).
Typing a password is optional, but encouraged for our account safety.
We can add the product key now, but we can also add it later. Digital River Windows 7
Home Premium ISOs will work for 30 days as a full trial without a product key.
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It's best to use the recommended settings for Windows update.
We select our time zone, and make sure we have the correct date and time.
If our PC is connected to our home network with Ethernet, we select Home Network to be
able to exchange files with other devices through the LAN.
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Windows will prepare our desktop and that's it. We have successfully installed Windows 7.
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Task Sheet 3.1-1
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Device Drivers
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to install device drivers.
Introduction
Now that you have an operating system installed, you’ll need to install drivers for your
devices such as Video Cards, Network Interface Cards, Sound Cards, etc. In many cases, if
Windows recognizes the device, drivers will be installed automatically. In some cases,
generic drivers are installed and they will work fine.
Drivers are small software programs that help the operating system use or “drive” the
device. Whenever a device doesn’t work properly, ask if the proper driver has been
installed.
Monitor Driver
Installing the proper monitor information files is one of the small things that purchasing a
fully assembled PC
Default Monitor Driver
In the Control Panel, select System to open the System Properties dialog box Then select
“Device Manager” to get a list of hardware in the PC. Finally, click “Monitor,” and you’ll see
that a generic monitor is listed.
System Properties
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Installing a Sound Card Drivers
Once the sound card is installed, start the system and let the windows Plug and Play install
the sound card’s drivers. After your driver is installed, make a quick trip to Device Manager
to make sure that the driver was installed correctly. . The Printer Install Wizard is perfectly
installed
Installing Other Drivers
Proceed similarly to install drivers for your other devices, such as a sound card if you
have one. Whenever a device doesn’t seem to be working properly, ask if you’ve installed
the proper device driver or if it’s been done automatically. Looking for the device under
Device Manager in Windows is a good way to see if the device driver is installed. As you can
see in the figure below a question mark by Ethernet Controller in Device Manager shows
that network drivers aren’t yet installed.
Unrecognized Device
If your main board has built-in sound or networking, a CD that contains drivers
probably came with the main board. Place the CD into the CD drive and let Windows 7
search for the appropriate driver.
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Other common drivers are LAN (Local Area Networking) driver, CD media driver,
expansion cards, keyboards, printers, USB devices and others.
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Self-Check 3.2-1
TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is false.
_______1. It is not necessary to install drivers for your computer

_______2. Drivers are small software program that help the operating system use or
drive the device.
_______3. Installing the proper monitor information files is one of the small things in
purchasing a fully assembled PC.
_______4. In windows XP, windows do not recognize the newly installed device.
_______5. If proper driver was not installed, the PC won’t work properly.
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Answer Key
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T
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ACTIVITY SHEET 3.2-1
Supplies : Installation CD
Equipment : Functional Computer w/peripherals
Given the necessary tools and materials you are going to install device driver to a computer
system.
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Prepare necessary tools & equipment.

2. Start computer
3. Check the needed drivers to be installed.
4. Insert the installation CD.
5. Install necessary drivers
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Performance Criteria
Checklist for Job Sheet 3.2-1
Identifying Trainees’ Characteristics
Trainee’s Name__________________________ Date ________________
Criteria YES NO
1. Peripherals/devices drivers are installed and configured in

accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and/or OS
installation procedures
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Updating and Re-installing Device Drivers
This topic teaches you how to install and update software drivers for items on your
Windows computer. Drivers are pieces of software that help an item (e.g., a webcam) work
with your computer. Most items will install drivers automatically when connected to your
computer, but if the item's drivers aren't properly updated, the item may not work
correctly.
Understand that most drivers install automatically. Things like webcams, printers,
computer mice, keyboards, and so on are all usually usable with your computer after being
plugged into the computer and left alone for a few minutes. You may need to update your
drivers manually, but you usually won't have to install them manually.
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Make sure that you're connected to the Internet. While many items are able to install their
own drivers, some items (e.g., printers) may require an Internet connection in order to
download the necessary drivers.
Connect your item to your computer. You'll usually do this by plugging the item's cable
(e.g., a USB cable) into a receiving port on your computer.
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Follow any on-screen instructions. Drivers usually install in the background (meaning that
you don't have to do anything to install them), but you may need to complete a setup
questionnaire or agreement before your item can begin installing on your computer.
Try manually installing the drivers. If your item won't automatically install its own drivers,
you may be able to install your item's drivers using one of the following sources:
 CD - If your item came with a CD included, try placing the CD in your computer's disc
drive, making sure to follow any on-screen instructions as necessary.
 Manufacturer's website - You can often find drivers on the item manufacturer's
website. Locate a link called “Drivers,” “Software” or “Support,” then download the
latest drivers to your computer. You can usually run drivers by double-clicking their
program icons.
 Third-party sources - For exceptionally old or outdated items, you may be able to
find custom drivers on sites like GitHub or SourceForge. If so, download and double-
click the driver file(s) to run them. Be extremely careful when doing this, since it's
easy to accidentally download a virus.
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Restart your computer. Once you've installed your item and its accompanying drivers,
restarting your computer will ensure that the drivers are properly implemented. To do so:
 Click Start
 Click Power
 Click Restart
 Open Start
Click the Windows logo in the bottom-left corner of the screen.
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Type in d ev ic e m a n a g er . This will search your computer for the Device Manager
program, which is what you'll use to update drivers.
Click Device Manager. It's at the top of the Start menu. Doing so will open the Device
Manager window.
 You may have to click the Device Manager icon in the taskbar to open the Device
Manager window before continuing.
Expand a category. Find the category for the type of item which you want to update, then
double-click it. This will cause several indented options to appear below the category's
heading.
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 For example, if you want to update the drivers for a webcam, you'd double-click
the Cameras category.
 If you see indented options directly below the category, it's already expanded.
Select your item's name. Beneath the category heading, click the specific item whose
drivers you want to update. This will select it.
Click the Action tab. You'll find it at the top of the Device Manager window. Doing so
prompts a drop-down menu.
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Click Update driver. It's at the top of the drop-down menu. A new window will open.
Click Search automatically for updated driver software. This option is in the middle of the
menu. Your computer will begin scanning online for drivers.
Wait for the driver to update. If new drivers are available for your selected item, you'll
receive a notification that they're being installed, as well as a notification when they finish
installing.
 Your driver updates may require you to click through some on-screen options, so do
so if prompted.
 If you see a message that says "The best drivers for your device are already installed"
appear after a moment, your selected item is up-to-date.
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Self-Check 3.3-1
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ANSWER KEY 3.3-1
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INSTALL APPLICATION SOFTWARE
CONTENTS:
1. Application software, end-user requirements and software license agreement
2. Install software application (Using Optical Drives)
3. Install software application (Using an ISO File)
4. Uninstall application software
1. Application software are installed based on software installation guides, end-user
requirements and software license agreement
2. Variation to application software installation is carried out in accordance to
customer/client requirements
3. Software updates are accessed and installed in accordance with manufacturer’s
recommendations and requirements.
CONDITION:
ASSESSMENT METHOD:
1. Hands-on
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conducting testing and documentation.
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Application Software Installation
Installing software on your Windows PC
Your computer allows you to do some really amazing things. Digital photo editing,
sophisticated computer gaming, video streaming—all of these things are possible because
of different types of software. Developers are always creating new software applications,
which allow you to do even more with your computer.
Installing from a CD-ROM
From the mid-1990s through the late 2000s, the most common way to get new software
was to purchase a CD-ROM. You could then insert the disc, and the computer would walk
you through the installation.
Now, almost all software has moved away from this model. Many new computers no longer
include a CD-ROM for this reason. However, if you do need to install software from a CD-
ROM, simply insert the disc into your computer, then follow the instructions.
Installing software from the Web
Today, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet.
Applications like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop can now be purchased and
downloaded right to your computer. You can also install free software this way. For
example, if you wanted to install the Google Chrome web browser, you can visit this
page and click the Download button.
The installation file will be saved to your computer in .exe format. Pronounced dot e-x-e,
this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers. You can follow
the steps below to install an application from an .exe file.
1. Locate and download an .exe file.
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2. Locate and double-click the .exe file. (It will usually be in your Downloads folder.)
3. A dialog box will appear. Follow the instructions to install the software.
4. The software will be installed. You can now open the application from the Start
menu (Windows 7) or the Start Screen (Windows 8).
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Tips for finding software
In our experience, the easiest way to find new software is to search the Web. For example,
if you were looking for a way to edit some personal photos on your computer, you could run
a Google search for free photo-editing software. If you're not exactly sure what kind of
software you're looking for, try describing the tasks you want to complete. For example, if
you wanted a way to create to-do lists and organize your appointments, you might search
for something like free calendar organizer software.
The Windows Store
If you're using Windows 8, you can download and install software from the Windows Store.
The Windows Store is meant to simplify the process of locating and installing software from
third-party developers—when you find an app in the Windows store, you won't have to do
any extra work to install it.
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Self-Check 4.1-1
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ANSWER KEY 4.1-1
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Task Sheet 4.1-1
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Downloading and Installing Application Softwares
Downloading and Installing Microsoft Office
This topic teaches you how to download and install Microsoft Office on your Windows.
Microsoft Office is a suite of software that includes Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and
more.
Purchasing an Office Subscription
1. Go to the Microsoft product page. Go to https://products.office.com/.
 If you've already purchased an Office subscription, skip ahead to installing it on

Windows
2. Click BUY OFFICE 365. It's a black button in the upper-right side of the page. Doing so
will take you to the Microsoft Office product page.
3. Decide on an Office 365 option. There are three flavors of Office 365 subscription
that you can buy:
 Office 365 Home - Costs $99.99 per year. Comes with five computer installations,
five smartphone/tablet installations, and up to five terabytes of online cloud
storage.
 Office 365 Personal - Costs $69.99 per year. Comes with one computer
installation, one smartphone/tablet installation, and a terabyte of online cloud
storage.
 Office Home & Student - Costs a one-time charge of $149.99. Comes with Word,
Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote.
 Office 365 Home Premium - Costs $100 per year or $10 per month. Comes with
Word 2013 and up to five computers in a household.
4. Click Buy now. This green button is below the name of the Office subscription that
you choose.
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5. Click Checkout. It's a blue button on the far-right side of the page.
6. Click Place order. It's on the right side of the page. Doing so will purchase your Office
365 subscription for one year. You can now download and install Microsoft Office on
your Windows.
 If you bought the Student version, you don't have to pay again the following
year.
 If you don't have a credit, debit, or PayPal option on file for your account, you'll
first need to enter payment information before you can place your order.
Installing Office on Windows
Go to your account's Office page. Go to http://www.office.com/myaccount/. This will open a

page with your Office purchase.
1. Click Install >. It's an orange button below your subscription's name.
2. Click Install again. Your Office setup file will begin downloading.
 If you purchased the Student version of Microsoft Office, skip this step.
3. Double-click the Office setup file. You'll find it in your computer's default download
location.
4. Click Yes when prompted. Doing so will run the setup file and begin installing Office
on your computer.
5. Wait for Microsoft Office to finish installing. This process may take several minutes.
6. Click Close when prompted. Your Microsoft Office programs have now been installed
on your computer. You're free to begin using these programs right away.
Installing an Antivirus
Viruses and malware can cripple your computer and destroy your files. Antivirus programs
are designed to find and intercept viruses before they do any harm. An antivirus program is
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essential on a Windows PC, and can be very useful for Mac and Linux users as well. Check
out this guide for whichever operating system you use.
Understand the need for an antivirus program. Windows is the most virus-prone operating
system (OS) out of the three major OSes. It has the most users and the weakest built-in
security. Antivirus programs will defend your computer from malware that comes through
email, flash drives, downloads, websites and more.
Acquire an antivirus program. There are several popular free options available that do a
good job of protecting the average user. These programs are updated frequently with new
virus definitions that recognize the latest threats.
 If you frequently deal with files or websites that are virus-infected, you may want to
opt for more powerful paid protection. Paid antivirus programs are typically
available for a yearly subscription fee.
 When downloading free or paid antivirus programs, ensure that you are
downloading from a trusted source. There are many programs out there that claim
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to be antivirus/antimalware but instead install malware themselves. Read reviews
and download products from companies that have been around for a long time.
 Windows 10 and 8 have Windows Defender, which is a free anti-malware application
provided by Microsoft. It's already built-in.
Install the antivirus program. Make sure that no other programs are running while you
install the antivirus. You will most likely need to be connected to the internet to download
additional files and updates.
 Some free antivirus programs come packaged with toolbars for your web browser.
These can add protection but also change your search options and bog down older
computers. You have the opportunity to opt out of these changes during the
installation process.
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Update the program. After the installation is complete, reboot your computer and update
the program. The file that you downloaded is likely not the most up to date version, so you
will need to connect to your antivirus program’s servers and download the latest updates.
Most antivirus programs allow you to right-click on the icon in the System Tray while it is
running and click Update.
 Update your definitions on a weekly basis. Most antivirus programs are set to
automatically update. Double check the settings for your program to ensure that you
are receiving the necessary updates.
Scan your computer. Once you have the program installed and updated, it’s time to scan
your computer. This could take several hours, depending on the number of files being
scanned and your computer’s speed.
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Set a scan schedule. Antivirus programs are most effective when they are automated. Open
your antivirus program’s settings and look for the Schedule option. Try to schedule a time
when your computer will be on but you won’t be using it. Ideally you should be scanning
once a week; scan more frequently if you deal with potentially infected files on a regular
basis.
Keep Windows updated. The best way to keep your computer protected is to always make
sure that your copy of Windows is up to date. Microsoft releases security updates for
Windows on a regular basis, fixing exploitable areas of Windows.
Creating Virtual Machine in Windows 7 using Virtual PC
Microsoft Virtual PC is a free application that helps you create your own virtual machines
inside your current operating system, so you can test software, or learn a new environment
easily. Here’s how to get started.
Using Windows Virtual PC
First, you need to download Virtual PC from Microsoft’s web site. You’ll want to make sure
to select the right Windows 7 edition from the drop-down menu and then select Windows
Virtual PC.
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It will ask you to install Virtual PC as a Windows software update.
You will need to restart after the installation is done.
After rebooting, you can find Windows Virtual PC in your start menu and select it to open
the program.
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Click on Create virtual machine in the new window that opened.
Now, you can write the name for your new Virtual Machine and the location to store the
virtual machine file.
In the next window, you can select the amount of RAM memory to assign to your virtual
machine.
In the next window, you will create a virtual hard disk where you will install your virtual
operating system. You can select between a dynamically expanding virtual hard disk (it will
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grow according to your virtual machine space requirements), use an existing virtual hard
disk or use advanced options.
In the advanced options window, you can select to create a dynamically expanding hard disk
(the hard drive will grow as your virtual machine needs), a fixed sized hard drive (you assign
the amount of storage for it) and a differencing hard drive (the changes will be stored in a
different hard drive so the original hard drive can be intact)
We will use a dynamically virtual hard drive for this example.
You can now select the location for your virtual hard drive in your computer and the name
for it.
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As we selected the dynamically expanding virtual hard drive, we will specify the maximum
storage space for it to grow in the next window.
And that’s pretty much it!
You have created a virtual machine and only need to install the operating system.
You can go to Virtual PC again, and will find your new Virtual Machine. Right click on it to
select the settings or click on the Settings menu.
In the settings windows, you can specify where the installation disk for your new operating
system is located to install it in your new virtual machine.
Go to DVD Drive and select Access a physical drive if you loaded the installation CD / DVD in
the computer’s Rom.
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Or select Open an ISO image to select an image with the installation files to install an
operating system on your new virtual machine.
Once you’ve started up the virtual machine, just follow through the normal installation
prompts to create your virtual operating system.
Microsoft Windows Disk Management
Disk Management is an extension of the Microsoft Management Console that allows full
management of the disk-based hardware recognized by Windows.
Disk Management is used to manage the drives installed in a computer—like hard disk
drives (internal and external), optical disk drives, and flash drives. It can be used
to partition drives, format drives, assign drive letters, and much more.
Note: Disk Management is sometimes spelling incorrectly as Disc Management. Also, even
though they might sound similar, Disk Management is not the same as Device Manager.
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Disk Management Availability
Disk Management is available in most versions of Microsoft Windows including Windows

10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, and Windows 2000.
Note: Even though Disk Management is available in multiple Windows operating systems,
some small differences in the utility do exist from one Windows version to the next.
How to Open Disk Management
The most common way to access Disk Management is via the Computer Management
utility. See How to Access Disk Management in Windows if you're not sure how to get there.
Disk Management can also be started by executing diskmgmt.msc via the Command
Prompt or another command line interface in Windows. See How to Open Disk
Management From the Command Prompt if you need help doing that.
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How to Use Disk Management
Disk Management has two main sections—a top and a bottom:
 The top section of Disk Management contains a list of all the partitions, formatted or
not, that Windows recognizes.
 The bottom section of Disk Management contains a graphical representation of the
physical drives installed in the computer.
Note: The panes and menus you see in Disk Management are customizable, so if you've ever
changed the settings, the above might not be exactly how the program looks to you. For
example, you can change the top pane to be the graphical representation and disable the
bottom pane entirely. Use the View menu to change where the panes are displayed in Disk
Management.
Performing certain actions on the drives or partitions make them available or unavailable to
Windows and configures them to be used by Windows in certain ways.
Here are some common things that you can do in Disk Management:
 Partition a drive
 Format a drive
 Change a drive's letter
 Shrink a partition
 Extend a partition
 Delete a partition
 Change a drive's file system
More Information on Disk Management
The Disk Management tool has a graphical interface like a regular program and is similar in
function to the command line utility diskpart, which was a replacement of an earlier utility
called fdisk.
You can also use Disk Management to check free hard drive space. Look under
the Capacity and Free Space columns (in the Disk List or Volume List view) to see the total
storage capacity of all the disks as well as how much free space is remaining, which is
expressed in units (i.e. MB and GB) as well as a percentage.
Disk Management is where you can create and attach virtual hard disk files in Windows 10
and Windows 8. These are single files that act as hard drives, which means you can store
them on your main hard drive or in other places like external hard drives.
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To build a virtual disk file with the VHD or VHDX file extension, use the Action > Create
VHD menu. Opening one is done through the Attach VHD option.
The View menu is how you can change which panes you see at the top and bottom of Disk
Management. It's also where you go to change the colors and patterns Disk Management
uses to display unallocated space, free space, logical drives, spanned volumes, RAID-5
volumes, and other disk regions.
Alternatives to Disk Management
Some free disk partitioning tools let you perform most of the same tasks supported in Disk
Management but without even needing to open Microsoft's tool at all. Plus, some of them
are even easier to use than Disk Management.
MiniTool Partition Wizard Free, for instance, lets you make a bunch of changes to your disks
to see how they'll affect the sizes, etc., and then you can apply all the changes at once after
you're satisfied.
One thing you can do with that program is wipe a partition or whole disk clean with DoD
5220.22-M, which is a data sanitization method not supported with Disk Management.
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Self-Check 4.2-1
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ANSWER KEY 4.2-1
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Task Sheet 4.2-1
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CONDUCT TESTING AND DOCUMENTATION
CONTENTS:
1. processor
2. video card
3. memory
4. hard disk
5. Troubleshooting skills
6. Reading and writing skills
7. Stress testing procedures
8. 5S and 3Rs environmental policies
1. Devices / systems and/or installation is tested to determine whether it conforms to
requirements
2. Stress test is conducted to ensure reliability of equipment in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions and system requirements
3. 5S and 3Rs are followed according to environmental policies
4. Documentation in relation to the test is forwarded to appropriate personnel and/or
authority in accordance with requirements.
CONDITION:
ASSESSMENT METHOD:
1. Hands-on
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ready to take the Assessment Test.
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CONDUCT TEST ON THE INSTALLED COMPUTER SYSTEM
In the previous topics, you were introduced with all the necessary knowledge and skills on
installation of computer devices and operating system. Now, after executing the correct
procedures I am sure that installation is a very easy task for you. Those skills will be very
essential for the next topic. In the next phase of your learning it will focus in conducting test
on the installed computer components. After reading all the required topics and performing
the essential skills you must be able to:
 Follow OHS policies and procedures in conducting tests;

 Check circuits and systems being isolated using specified testing procedures;
 Test devices, systems and/or installation to determine its conformity with the
requirements;
 Undertake final inspections on the installed devices, systems to ensure conformity
with the requirements;
 Accomplish technical reports on the tests conducted; and
 Follow procedures in forwarding documentation to appropriate personnel and/or
authority on the test conducted.
Testing Installed Equipment / Devices (Components)
As computer technician you will need a good understanding of the health and safety
regulations from early on in your career, so that you understand the good practices
demanded by law. In particular, you need to:
 report any accidents

 take reasonable care of your own health and safety when moving heavy components
 not cause any electrical hazards
 make sure that workstations meet safety requirements.
You need to adhere to health and safety regulations as they will help to protect you and
others and will avoid any unnecessary legal action for reckless and unsafe working practices.
If you identify any health and safety problems, you should tell your line manager or the
health and safety representative immediately.
The most basic test is to switch the system on to check it starts without errors. ICT
professionals are also likely to use tools and utilities to check that all is well with the system
after an installation.
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The Use of Diagnostic Tools in testing installed hardware components and other peripherals
Diagnostic tools are used to test and diagnose equipment. Diagnostic tools
include the following:
• Digital multimeter is a device that can take many types of measurements. It tests the
integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in computer components. A digital
multimeter displays the information on an LCD or LED.
• A loopback adapter, also called a loopback plug, tests the basic functionality of
computer ports. The adapter is specific to the port that you want to test.
• The toner probe, is a two-part tool. The toner part is connected to a cable at one end
using specific adapters, such as an RJ-45, coaxial, or metal clips. The toner generates
a tone that travels the length of the cable. The probe part traces the cable. When the
probe is in near proximity to the cable to which the toner is attached, the tone can
be heard through a speaker in the probe.
Software Tools
Like hardware tools, there are a variety of software tools that can be used to help
technicians pinpoint and troubleshoot problems. Many of these tools are free and several
come with the Windows operating system.
Disk Management Tools
Software tools help diagnose computer and network problems and determine which
computer device is not functioning correctly. A technician must be able to use a range of
software tools to diagnose problems, maintain hardware, and protect the data stored on a
computer.
You must be able to identify which software to use in different situations. Disk management
tools help detect and correct disk errors, prepare a disk for data storage, and remove
unwanted files.
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The following are some disk management tools:
• FDISK: A command-line tool that creates and deletes partitions on a hard drive. The
FDISK tool is not available in Windows XP, Vista, or 7. It has been replaced with the
Disk Management tool.
• Disk Management Tool: Initializes disks, creates partitions, and formats partitions.
• Format: Prepares a hard drive to store information.
• ScanDisk or CHKDSK: Checks the integrity of files and folders on a hard drive by
scanning the file system. These tools might also check the disk surface for physical
errors.
• Defrag: Optimizes space on a hard drive to allow faster access to programs and data.
• Disk Cleanup: Clears space on a hard drive by searching for files that can be safely
deleted.
• System File Checker (SFC): A command-line tool that scans the operating system
critical files and replaces files that are corrupted.
Use the Windows 7 boot disk for troubleshooting and repairing corrupted files. The
Windows 7 boot disk repairs Windows system files, restores damaged or lost files, and
reinstalls the operating system.
Test procedures
A test procedure is a set of steps to guide you through what needs to be done to thoroughly
test the installation. It is designed to help you work more effectively and to make sure you
test everything that needs testing.
Test procedures are created in-house and could include these steps:
1. Gathering test information. The first step is to run the tests required by the
procedure and find out what happens. You should record all the results of
your tests in a log so that you know which pass and which fail, thereby
requiring further action.
2. Validating the test information. The next step is to check the data you
gathered from the tests to make sure it is correct. This is usually done by
running the tests again.
3. Responding to test information. This step is important because you need to
be able to recognize when a test shows problems or is successful. For
example, if ping is used to test a network connection then ‘Request timed
out’ shows the test was not successful.
4. Checking specification. The final step is an important end to testing. You need
to check the specification for the installation to make sure that it has been
met. For example, if a user requested an upgrade to make their display run at
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1920 x 1200, then the ICT professional should check that the graphics card
and screen can do this.
External Visual Inspection
The external visual inspection consists of a quick inspection of the exterior of the computer,
the monitor, the keyboard, any peripherals, and cables. While performing the visual
inspection, make any necessary corrections. To perform the external visual inspection,
perform the following steps:
1. Turn off the computer, the monitor, and all peripherals.

2. Verify that all power cables are properly connected to the computer, the
monitor and peripherals, and their power sources.
3. Verify that the keyboard and mouse interface cables are firmly attached to
the proper connectors on the back of the computer.
• For a PS/2-compatible mouse, the keyboard and mouse interface
cable connectors are identical except for their labels.
• For a serial mouse, the mouse interface cable must be firmly
attached to one of the serial port connectors, and its captive screws
must be secure enough to ensure a firm connection.
4. Verify that network cables (if present) are properly attached.
5. Verify that any devices attached to the serial and parallel port connectors are
properly connected. Each of the serial and parallel port interface cables must
be firmly attached to an appropriate connector on the back of the computer
as well as to the interface connector on the device. The captive screws that
secure these connectors at each end of the interface cable must be secure
enough to ensure a firm connection.
6. Verify that the video interface cable is firmly attached to the video connector
on the back panel or to a video expansion card, and also to the connector on
the back of the monitor. For proper connection of the video monitor, see the
documentation for the monitor.
7. Inspect all external monitor controls for any obvious damage or improper
settings. For proper settings of the video monitor controls, see the
documentation for the monitor.
8. Inspect the keyboard to ensure that no keys are sticking. If one or more keys
are sticking, it may be necessary to replace the keyboard.
9. Inspect the exterior of the computer, including all controls and indicators,
and all user-accessible data storage devices for any signs of physical damage.
Does the inspection reveal any problems?
Yes. Proceed to the appropriate procedure in "Removing and Replacing Parts."
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No. Proceed to "Observing the Boot Routine."
Observing the Boot Routine
After you have performed an external visual inspection as described in the previous section,
you should boot the system and, while the boot routine is running, observe the system for
any indications of problems.
NOTE: Most of the steps in this procedure require observation of system functions and
indications, some of which can occur simultaneously. It may be necessary to reboot the
system several times to complete all of these steps.
To observe problem indications during the boot routine, perform the following steps:
1. If the system is off, turn on all peripherals and the computer.

2. Check the power supply fan.
c)
Does the fan run normally?
o Yes. Proceed to step 3.
o No. Troubleshoot the system power supply.
3. Watch the <Num Lock>, <Caps Lock>, and <Scroll Lock> indicators on the
upper-right corner of the keyboard. After all three indicators flash
momentarily, and following a long pause (approximately 30 seconds), the
Num Lock indicator should light up and remain on (unless the Num Lock
option is set to Off in the System Setup program).
Do these indicators flash on and off within approximately 10 seconds after the
boot routine starts?
o Yes. Proceed to step 4.

o No. Troubleshoot the system power supply. If the troubleshooting
procedure indicates that the system power supply is operational,
troubleshoot the memory.
4. During the boot routine, observe the system for any of the following
indications:
o Beep codes — A beep code is a series of beeps that indicates an error

condition.
o System error messages — these messages can indicate problems or
provide status information.
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o Diskette-drive and hard-disk drive access indicators — These indicators
light up in response to data being transferred to or from the drives. If
either of these indicators fails to light up during the boot routine,
troubleshoot the diskette drive or hard-disk drive subsystem, as
appropriate.
5. Observe the monitor screen for the Diagnostics menu.
Internal Visual Inspection
NOTICE: Before you proceed with the internal visual inspection described in
this section, ensure that the user has saved all open files and exited all open
application programs if possible.
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Self-Check 5.1-1
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ANSWER KEY 5.1-1
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Task Sheet 5.1-1
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Stress Testing
Stress testing (sometimes called torture testing) is a form of deliberately intense or

thorough testing used to determine the stability of a given system or entity. It involves
testing beyond normal operational capacity, often to a breaking point, in order to observe
the results. Reasons can include:
 to determine breaking points or safe usage limits

 to confirm mathematical model is accurate enough in predicting breaking points or
safe usage limits
 to confirm intended specifications are being met
 to determine modes of failure (how exactly a system fails)
 to test stable operation of a part or system outside standard usage
Reliability engineers often test items under expected stress or even under accelerated stress
in order to determine the operating life of the item or to determine modes of failure. [1]
The term "stress" may have a more specific meaning in certain industries, such as material
sciences, and therefore stress testing may sometimes have a technical meaning – one
example is in fatigue testing for materials.
Hardware
Stress testing, in general, should put computer hardware under exaggerated levels of stress
in order to ensure stability when used in a normal environment. These can include extremes
of workload, type of task, memory use, thermal load (heat), clock speed, or voltages.
Memory and CPU are two components that are commonly stress tested in this way.
There is considerable overlap between stress testing software and benchmarking software,
since both seek to assess and measure maximum performance. Of the two, stress testing
software aims to test stability by trying to force a system to fail; benchmarking aims to
measure and assess the maximum performance possible at a given task or function.
When modifying the operating parameters of a CPU, such as temperature, overclocking,
underclocking, overvolting, and undervolting, it may be necessary to verify if the new
parameters (usually CPU core voltage and frequency) are suitable for heavy CPU loads. This
is done by running a CPU-intensive program for extended periods of time, to test whether
the computer hangs or crashes. CPU stress testing is also referred to as torture testing.
Software that is suitable for torture testing should typically run instructions that utilize the
entire chip rather than only a few of its units. Stress testing a CPU over the course of 24
hours at 100% load is, in most cases, sufficient to determine that the CPU will function
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correctly in normal usage scenarios such as in a desktop computer, where CPU usage
typically fluctuates at low levels (50% and under).
Hardware stress testing and stability are subjective and may vary according to how the
system will be used. A stress test for a system running 24/7 or that will perform error
sensitive tasks such as distributed computing or "folding" projects may differ from one that
needs to be able to run a single game with reasonably reliability. For example, a
comprehensive guide on overclocking Sandy Bridge found that:
Even though in the past IntelBurnTest was just as good, it seems that something in
the SB uArch [Sandy Bridge microarchitecture] is more heavily stressed with
Prime95 ... IBT really does pull more power [make greater thermal demands]. But ...
Prime95 failed first every time, and it failed when IBT would pass. So same as Sandy
Bridge, Prime95 is a better stability tester for Sandy Bridge-E than IBT/LinX.
Stability is subjective; some might call stability enough to run their game, other like
folders [folding projects] might need something that is just as stable as it was at
stock, and ... would need to run Prime95 for at least 12 hours to a day or two to
deem that stable ... There are [bench testers] who really don't care for stability like
that and will just say if it can [complete] a benchmark it is stable enough. No one is
wrong and no one is right. Stability is subjective. [But] 24/7 stability is not subjective.
An engineer at ASUS advised in a 2012 article on overclocking an Intel X79 system, that it is
important to choose testing software carefully in order to obtain useful results.
Unvalidated stress tests are not advised (such as Prime95 or LinX or other
comparable applications). For high grade CPU/IMC and System Bus testing Aida64 is
recommended along with general applications usage like PC Mark 7. Aida has an
advantage as its stability test has been designed for the Sandy Bridge E architecture
and test specific functions like AES, AVX and other instruction sets that prime and like
synthetics do not touch. As such not only does it load the CPU 100% but will also test
other parts of CPU not used under applications like Prime 95. Other applications to
consider are SiSoft 2012 or Passmark BurnIn. Be advised validation has not been
completed using Prime 95 version 26 and LinX (10.3.7.012) and OCCT 4.1.0 beta 1 but
once we have internally tested to ensure at least limited support and operation.
Software commonly used in stress testing

 Aida
 IBM Teleprocessing Network Simulator
 IBM Workload Simulator
 Intel processor diagnostic test
 Intel Burn Test
 LinX (AVX)
 Memtest86+ – memory
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 OCCT
 Passmark Burn-in
 Prime95, and derivatives such as HyperPi – CPU/heat
 Siege
 S&M
 Tsung - free software tool
Software
In software testing, a system stress test refers to tests that put a greater emphasis
on robustness, availability, and error handling under a heavy load, rather than on what
would be considered correct behavior under normal circumstances. In particular, the goals
of such tests may be to ensure the software does not crash in conditions of insufficient
computational resources (such as memory or disk space), unusually high concurrency,
or denial of service attacks.
Examples:
 A web server may be stress tested using scripts, bots, and various denial of service
tools to observe the performance of a web site during peak loads. These attacks
generally are under an hour long, or until a limit in the amount of data that the web
server can tolerate is found.
Stress testing may be contrasted with load testing:
 Load testing examines the entire environment and database, while measuring the
response time, whereas stress testing focuses on identified transactions, pushing to
a level so as to break transactions or systems.
 During stress testing, if transactions are selectively stressed, the database may not
experience much load, but the transactions are heavily stressed. On the other hand,
during load testing the database experiences a heavy load, while some transactions
may not be stressed.
 System stress testing, also known as stress testing, is loading the concurrent users
over and beyond the level that the system can handle, so it breaks at the weakest
link within the entire system.
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Self-Check 5.2-1
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ANSWER KEY 5.2-1
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Task Sheet 5.2-1
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The 6 Best Free Program for Testing Your PC
Very few things in life are more satisfying than assembling all the parts to a new PC, hitting
the power button, and watching it boot up properly.
But even if your build starts up and seems to work without problems, you might want to
make sure all the components are fully functional. Does your graphics card pump out pretty
pictures at the level promised by the manufacturer? Does your RAM operate consistently
for hours on end? Does your CPU process the desired number of ones and zeroes under
intense loads without overheating?
To answer these questions, we turn to stress testing: Making sure that all of your parts can
handle the work that they’re designed to do (or overclocked to do). They might be fine
under normal use, but you want to know that they’ll be able to handle heavier tasks down
the road, such as high-end gaming or media editing.
With stress testing, we simulate a heavy processing load on the entire computer or a
particular component in order to identify potential weak points, faulty hardware, or a need
for better cooling.
Before you begin
Stress testing is done with specific testing software. And the whole point of this article is to
recommend software, so we’ll get to that in a second. First, some advice before getting
started:
 For best results, you want your PC to focus all of its energy on the tests. Close all
non-essential programs.
 Stress testing is usually done over long periods of time. Make sure to adjust your
power settings to disable sleep mode before you start testing.
 Stress testing can be potentially dangerous for your components. Most components
are designed to shut off before incurring damage, but it’s better to be safe than
sorry. We recommend getting some type of hardware monitor software, such
as HWMonitor, to keep tabs on temperatures.
 Once you have hardware monitoring software, look up the maximum temperatures
for your CPU and GPU. Most CPUs should not exceed 70 degrees C, and most GPUs
should not exceed 100 degrees C. If your components surpass their maximum heat,
or stay close to the maximum for extended periods, stop the stress test.
With that out of the way, let’s look at some of the best software for torturing your PC:
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CPU testing
Prime95: The most popular free software for testing CPUs. It will run indefinitely, and shut
off if it finds a problem. It’s recommended to run Prime95 for at least 3 hours, and to make
sure temperatures don’t get too dangerous while you’re testing.
IntelBurnTest: Another popular option for testing CPUs. IntelBurnTest uses the same stress-
testing engine that Intel uses internally for quality control before shipping out CPUs. The
program also claims to perform the necessary tests in 8 minutes, as opposed to 3+ hours
with Prime95.
For a slightly more obscure option, there’s also Super PI, a single-threaded benchmark that
calculates the number pi up to a specified number of digits (with a maximum of 32 million).
It’s not the ideal stress test for multi-core CPUs, but it can still give you a good idea of how
your PC will handle single-threaded tasks. It’s also not a bad frame of reference for PC
gaming performance.
GPU testing
FurMark: An extremely popular graphics stress test. This program should push your graphics
card harder than even the most demanding game on the market. If your GPU has problems,
you should know within about 15 minutes.
Unigine’s Valley: Another popular GPU stress test. This test renders out an extremely
detailed nature scene to see how much your graphics card can handle.
RAM testing
MemTest86: The definitive RAM test. Boots from a USB drive or CD/DVD to test everything
about your RAM. If something turns red, that’s bad. Otherwise, you’re good.
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Self-Check 5.3-1
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ANSWER KEY 5.3-1
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Task Sheet 5.3-1
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5S and 3Rs
How to 5S your Computer
This document is intended to provide instruction to all computer users on how to organize
and control their local IT workspace. It is recognized that the application of good Work Place
Organization within a user's PC can save significant effort and reduce operator stress. The
instruction below should take you less than 20 minutes to implement.
Step # 1 SORT
Sort through and sort out:

2) Activate your local Backup process, check that this has been done correctly!!
Tip: If you don’t have a Backup procedure for your PC then fix this immediately. Your
PC will go wrong at some point!!! Make sure your Backup procedure is effective and
up to date.
3) Delete all unnecessary icons, files and folders from your PC desktop
4) Delete all unnecessary folders and files from your ‘Libraries’ folder
Tip: Wave your mouse over every icon, file or folder on your computer and ask
yourself:
a) Do I know what this is?

b) Do I need this?
If you answer ‘No’ to either of the above questions then delete.
Rationale: Too many unused files and folders slow you and your computer down, PC
clutter makes searching for information difficult.
 If it is not needed then get rid of it.
 If it is needed by somebody else then give it to them.
 If it is need by the organization then release or archive the files.
 Don’t be a data hoarder!
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Step #2 SET IN ORDER:
Organize your files and folders to reduce clutter and allow for instant access.
1) Create these 5 folders in your ‘Documents’ Folder:
 _INBOX- Put unprocessed items that don’t have a place yet in here. This may be
files and forms sent to you from colleagues that require processing.
 _ACTION ITEMS - Put items requiring an action that will take more than 2
minutes in here. This may be items such as forms to fill out or files to upload.
 _ON HOLD - Put items you are not ready to deal with in here. These may be
items that you are unable to process at this time.
 _CURRENT PROJECTS - Put files related to active projects in here. This folder
contains files that you are currently working on as well as reference files for a
project. Each project gets its own unique folder within this.
 _ARCHIVE - Put completed projects, general reference items, and anything else
you might want to look at again in here. Remember: Don’t store information that
is no longer required!
Tip: By placing the _underscore in front of the name of a file or folder, forces that file
or folder to be displayed at the top left when ‘Auto arrange’ is switched on
2) On your Desktop create the following folders and shortcuts:

 _APPLICATION LINKS- Put your desktop Application links and shortcuts in here.
 _ INBOX Shortcut- A short cut to your ‘My documents’ Inbox.
 _DOCUMENT–SHORTCUT-A shortcut to your documents folder
Tip: CAPITALISED folder names are faster to read. This speeds up your recognition of
folders making your life quicker and easy.
3) Create an organized sub-folder structure as required.
Tip: Your PC file structure should be clear enough for a stranger to understand. File
and Folder names should clearly identify ‘what it is’. Check that your naming is clear
Tip: If you need to keep older versions of documents locally, then create
separate _HISTORY. Remember to remove unneeded items regularly.
Step #3 SHINE
Cleaning your PC is checking your PC for problems:

1) Clean your computer screen.
2) Clean the key board.
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3) Clean all cables and ensure free from dust.
4) Clean computer main box.
Tip: A clean screen reduces glare. A dust free computer is able to keep cooler reducing the
chance of a fatal error and data loss.
Step #4 STANDARDIZE
Do try and develop your file structures and methods. Share best practice with your colleges
to ensure continued improvements. Hold a monthly casual coffee meeting to discuss PC
optimization.
Tip: Create a document retention guide. Set recommendations for keeping/deleting e-mails,
documents and other files.
Example:
 Consider for deletion: e-mails that are 3 years old or more
 Consider for deletion: Reports that are more than 5 years old
 If the document is in constant use or needed, the release or archive the file in
accordance with local procedures
 Etc….
Step #5 SELF DISCIPLINE/SUSTAIN
Allocate 5 minutes a week to run through the 5s’s on your PC. A specific time should be
allocated in your Outlook diary to keep your PC working environment in tip-top shape.
1) Set Outlook appointment to repeat the PC 5s tasks
2) Work with others and take the time to review your colleagues PC organization
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (R3)
What is reduce, reuse, recycle (R3)?
Reduce, reuse and recycle (R3) are the three essential components of environmentally-
responsible consumer behavior.
R3 is sometimes called the waste hierarchy. Here's how that hierarchy might apply to
computers:
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 The concept behind the first R, reduce, is that you should limit the number of purchases
that you make in the first place. So, for example, you might limit your household to a
single computer.
 The concept behind the second R, reuse, is that you should reuse items as much as
possible before replacing them. For example, it generally makes more environmental
sense to update your computer rather than get rid of it and buy a new one. However, if
you do replace your computer, you should ensure that it, or its components, are reused.
Many charitable organizations welcome donations of second-hand computers.
 The concept behind the third R, recycle, is that you should ensure that items or their
components are put to some new purpose as much as possible. If your computer is not
fit for reuse as is, you can donate it to one of several organizations, such as StRUT
(Students Recycling Used Technology), which will refurbish it or recycle its components.
Sometimes a fourth R is added to the three basic ones, generally standing for either
"rethink" or "recover." Rethink is sometimes added to the front of the hierarchy, meaning
that we should consider our options and think about their impact on the environment.
Recover, which is the last R, refers to the practice of putting waste products to use. For
example, decomposing garbage produces methane gas (one of the greenhouse gases),
which some landfill sites recover and burn for energy rather than letting it dissipate.
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Self-Check 5.4-1
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ANSWER KEY 5.4-1
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(Core 1) Install & Configure Computer System

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COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Qualification Title: Computer Systems Servicing NCII

Unit of Competency: Install and Configure Computer Systems

Module Title: Installing and Configuring Computer Systems

Computer Site Institute Inc.

The module, Installing and Configuring Computer Systems, contains training

No Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Participate in Workplace Participating in Workplace

2 Work in Team Environment Working in Team Environment

3 Practice Career Professionalism Practicing Career Professionalism

Practice Occupational Health Practicing Occupational Health

1 Apply Quality Standards Applying Quality Standards

2 Perform Computer Operations Performing Computer Operations

Perform Mensuration and Performing Mensuration and

Prepare and Interpret Technical Preparing and Interpreting

Install and Configure Installing and Configuring

2 Setup Computer Networks Setting up Computer Networks

3 Setup Computer Servers Setting up Computer Servers

Maintain and Repair Computer Maintaining and Repairing

QUALIFICATION COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING NC II

NOMINAL DURATION: 40 hours

Assemble Computer Hardware

Learning Activities Special Instructions

OHS Policies and Procedures

Occupational Health and Safety Policy

Personal Safety While Working Along With PC’s

1. Turn off the computer and all peripherals.

Additional Safety tips:

Did the Trainee overall performance meet the required

10 Occupation Health and Safety (OHS) policies and procedures in CHS

1. Disconnect the computer and peripherals from their electrical outlets.

6. Do not remove expansion cards from a computer when it is turned on.

Basic Terms, Concepts, Functions and Characteristics of PC Hardware Components

A workstation is a high-end personal computer designed for

Desktop computers come in a variety of styles ranging from

A laptop computer or simply laptop, also called a

Netbooks (also called mini notebooks or subnotebooks) are

A tablet PC is a notebook or slate-shaped mobile computer,

A pocket PC is a hardware specification for a handheld-sized

PC Hardware Components and Peripherals

An exploded view of a modern personal computer and peripherals:

A computer case is the enclosure that contains the main

The central processing unit, or CPU, is that part of

The motherboard, also referred to as system board or

A PC's main memory is fast storage that is directly

Mass storage devices store programs and data even when

The video card or also called a graphics card,

Visual display unit

A visual display unit (or monitor) is a piece of electrical

In computing, a keyboard is an arrangement of

A Mouse on a computer is a small, slidable device that

Other components found on a Computer System

LAN Card is a network interface card. This is a

Modem (Modulator-Demodulator) The modem is

Common Peripherals and Adapter Cards

Such as Headset, Joystick, Microphone, Printer, Scanner, Sound adapter card

Universal Serial Bus (USB), a hardware interface

Scanner- it is an input device that read text or

Printer - it is a piece of hardware that produces

RAM – Random Access Memory, is a primary memory. This memory is used

Flash drive– RAM that can retain data without

Video Camera - camera using videotape: a

1. It is a high end personal computer designed for technical or scientific applications.