18 Pair of Straight Lines

1. The equation (x  2)2  y 2  (x  2)2  y 2  4 8. If the portion of the line lx  my  1 falling inside
represents a [MNR 1982; MP PET 1999] the circle x 2  y2  a2 subtends an angle of 45o
(a) Circle (b) Pair of straight lines at the origin, then
(c) Parabola (d) Ellipse (a) 4[a2 (l 2  m2 )  1]  a2 (l 2  m2 )
2. If the equation x2  y2  2gx  2fy  1  0 (b) 4[a2 (l 2  m2 )  1]  a2 (l 2  m2 )  2
represents a pair of lines, then [Pb. CET 2000;
Karnataka CET 1999] (c) 4[a2 (l 2  m2 )  1]  [a2 (l 2  m2 )  2]2
(a) g2  f 2  1 (b) f 2  g2  1 (d) None of these
1 9. The angle between lines joining the origin to the
2 2
(c) g2  f 2  1 (d) f  g  points of intersection of the line x 3  y  2 and
2
the curve y 2  x 2  4 is
3. If the pair of straight lines xy  x  y  1  0 and
[Roorkee 1998]
the line ax  2y  3  0 are concurrent, then a =
[EAMCET 2002]
(a)  / 6 (b)  / 4
(a) – 1 (b) 0 (c)  / 3 (d)  / 2
(c) 3 (d) 1 10. Mixed term xy is to be removed from the general
4. The area of the triangle formed by the line equation ax2  by2  2hxy 2fy  2gx  c  0 .
4x 2  9xy  9y 2  0 and x  2 is [Roorkee
One should rotate the axes through an angle 
2000]
given by tan2 equal to
(a) 2 (b) 3
[MNR 1986; UPSEAT 2000]
(c) 10/3 (d) 20/3
5. If the equations of opposite sides of a a b 2h
(a) (b)
parallelogram are x 2  7x  6  0 and 2h a b
y 2  14y  40  0 , then the equation of its one a b 2h
(c) (d)
diagonal is [EAMCET 1994] 2h (a  b)
(a) 6x  5y  14  0 (b) 6x  5y  14  0
11. If the equation y 3  3x 2 y  m(x 3  3xy2 )  0
(c) 5x  6y  14  0 (d) 5x  6y  14  0 represents the three lines passing through origin,
6. The image of the pair of lines represented by then
ax2  2hxy by2  0 by the line mirror y  0 is (a) Lines are equally inclined to each other
(a) ax2  2hxy by2  0 (b) (b) Two lines makes equal angle with x-axis
2 2 (c) All three lines makes equal angle with x-axis
bx  2hxy ay  0
(d) None of these
(c) bx2  2hxy ay2  0 (d) 12. Locus of the points equidistant from the lines
ax2  2hxy by2  0 represented by
PQR be a right angled isosceles triangle, x 2 cos2   xysin2   y2 sin2   0 is
7. Let
right angled at P (2, 1) . If the equation of the (a) x 2  y 2  2xysec2   0
line QR is 2x  y  3, then the equation (b) x2  y2  2xycosec2  0
representing the pair of lines PQ and PR is
(c) x2  y2  2xysec2   0
[IIT 1999]
(a) 3x 2  3y 2  8xy  20x  10y  25  0 (d) x2  y2  2xycosec
2
 0

(b) 3x 2  3y 2  8xy  20x  10y  25  0 13. If pair of straight lines x 2  2mxy y 2  0 and

(c) 3x2  3y2  8xy  10x  15y  20  0 x 2  2nxy y2  0 be such that each pair bisects
the angle between the other pair, then mn =
(d) 3x2  3y2  8xy  10x  15y  20  0 [MP PET 1991; UPSEAT 2001]
(a) 1 (b) – 1
 19 Pair of Straight Lines
(c) 0 (d) – 1/2 15. The lines joining the origin to the point of
14. If the pair of lines intersection of the circle x 2  y 2  3 and the line
ax2  2hxy by2  2gx  2fy  c  0 intersect on x  y  2 are
the y- axis, then [AIEEE 2002] [Roorkee 1995]
(a) 2fgh bg2  ch2 (b) bg2  ch2 (a) y  (3  2 2)x  0 (b) x  (3  2 2)y  0
(c) abc 2fgh (d) None of these (c) x  (3  2 2)y  0 (d) y  (3  2 2)x  0

(SET - 16)

1. (b) (x  2)2  y2  (x  2)2  y2  4  (4 x  3y)(x  3y)  0

 4x  3y  0 or x  3y  0 .
 x 2  y2  4  4x  x 2  y2  4  4x  4
Thus, the lines represented by the given
 k  4x  k  4x  4 , (where
homogeneous equations are 4x  3y  0 and
k  x2  y2  4 ) x  3y  0 . So, the sides of triangle are
 k  4x  4  k  4x 4x  3y  0 , x  3y  0 and x  2 .
Squaring and on simplification it reduces to Solving these equations, we obtain the
y2  0 . vertices of triangle
A(2,  8 / 3), B(2, 2 / 3),C(0, 0).
Hence equation is a pair of two coincident
straight lines. Hence, the area of triangle ABC
2. (c) Comparing the given equation with the
standard equation, we get a  1, b  1, h  0
1   2  8  10
and c  1. We also know that condition for   2   2   0  .
the general equation 2   3  3  3

ax2  2hxy by2  2gx 2fy  c  0 is 5. (b) The lines represented by x2  7x  6  0 are

abc 2fgh af2  bg2  ch2  0 x  6 and x  1 . Similarly the lines

represented by y2  14y  40  0 are
 (1,10) y=10 B(6,10
y  10 , y A 4.
(1  1  1)  (2  f  g  0)  (1  f 2 )  (1  g2 )  (1  0)  0 )
x=1 x=6
or 1  f 2  g2  0 or f 2  g2  1 .
3. (d) Given that equation of pair of straight lines (1,4) C(6,4)
y=4
xy  x  y  1  0 D

 (x  1)(y  1)  0 Therefore from figure, the equation of one

diagonal BD is 6x  5y  14  0 .
 x  1  0 or y  1  0
6. (d) Let y  m1x and y  m2x be the lines
The intersection point is (1, 1).
2 2
represented by ax  2hxy by  0 . Then
 Lines x  1  0, y1 0 and
ax  2y  3  0 are concurrent. their images in y  0 are y  m1x and
y  m2x and so their combined equation is
 The intersecting point of first two lines satisfy
the third line. y2  m1m2x2  xy(m1  m2)  0
Hence, a 2 3  0  a  1 . 2 a 2  2h 
or y  x  xy  0
4. (c) We have, 4x 2  9xy  9y 2  0 b  b 

 4x2  12xy  3xy  9y2  0

 2h a
m1  m2  , m1m2  
 4 x(x  3y)  3y(x  3y)  0  b b 
 Pair of Straight Lines 20

or ax2  2hxy by2  0 . 8. (c) Making the equation of circle homogeneous

with the help of line lx  my  1, we get
7. (b) Parametric equation of line passing through
x 2 y1 x2  y2  a2(lx  my)2  0
point P ,  r
P(2,1)
cos sin  (a2l 2  1)x2  (a2m2  1)y2  2a2lmxy 0
lx+my=1

45
Q R °
2x+y = 3 O(0,0)
Hence the point is r cos  2, r sin  1. If
this point lie on QR, then
2(r cos  2)  r sin  1  3 x2+y2 = a2
Now tan45
r(2cos  sin )  2
2 (a2lm)2  (a2l 2  1)(a2m2  1)
2 
 2cos  sin  . a2l 2  a2m2  2
r
.....(i)  2 a2l 2  a2m2  1  a2l 2  a2m2  2
  On squaring both sides, we get
If  be the inclination of PQ, then     will
2  4[a2(l 2  m2)  1]  [a2(l 2  m2)  2]2 .
be the inclination of PR. Hence 9. (c) The equation of pair of straight lines joining
    2 the origin to their points of intersection is
2 cos     sin     2
2  2  r 2 2
 x 3  y  ( 3x  y)2 
y  x  4   4 
 2   4 
2
 2 sin  cos  .
r
....(ii) 10 –1  y2  x2  3x2  y2  2 3xy  2x2  2 3xy  0

 If  be the required angle, then


3 2 h2  ab 2 ( 3)2  0
tan    3
a b 2
From (i) and (ii), we get 
  .
2cos  sin  2 sin  cos 3
1
 cos  3 sin  tan  
3
1 ***
Hence the gradients of PQ and PR are
3
and 3.
Therefore the equations of PQ and PR are
1
y1  (x  2) ; y  1  3(x  2) 10. (d) Let (x', y') be the coordinates on new axes,
3 then put
and their combine equation is x  x' cos  y' sin , y  x' sin  y' cos in
[3(y  1)  (x  2)][(y  1)  3(x  2)]  0 the equation. Then the coefficient of xyin the
or transformed equation is 0. So
2(b  a) sin cos  2hcos2  0
3(y  1)2  8(y  1)(x  2)  3(x  2)2  0
or 2h
 tan2  .
2
3(x  2)  8(x  2)(y  1)  3(y  1)  0 2 a b
or 11. (a) Factorize the given equation and then find the
equation of lines. Now find their tangents and
3(x2  4x  4)  8(xy x  2y  2)  3(y2  2y  1)  0
angles between them. The lines are equally
or 3x2  3y2  8xy 20x  10y  25  0 . inclined to each other.
 21 Pair of Straight Lines
12. (d) We know that point lie on the bisector of angle
between the lines represented by any curve is
always equidistant from the lines. Therefore,
equation of bisectors will be the required
locus.

x2  y2 1
  x2  y2  2xycosec2  0
xy  sin2  .
2
13. (b) Here equations of pair of straight lines are
x2  2mxy y2  0 …..(i)
2 2
x  2nxy y  0 …..(ii)
Therefore, equations of bisectors of these lines
are
mx2  2xy  my2  0 …..(iii)
nx2  2xy  ny2  0 …..(iv)
But according to the condition (i) and (iv), and
(ii) and (iii) must be coincident, 
n 2 n
   mn 1 .
1  2m  1
14. (a) f(x, y)  ax2  by2  2hxy 2gx  2fy  c  0
f(x, y)
Points of intersection of lines  0,
x
2ax  2hy  2g  0 .
Since, x  0, intersects on y-axis y   g / h .
Thus putting this value in f(x, y) .

bg2
We get,  2f( g / h)  c  0 or
h2
bg2  ch2  2fgh.
15. (a,b,c,d) Homogenising the equation of circle, we
get x2  6xy  y2  0

6y  (36  4)y2 6y  4y 2
 x   3y  2 2y
2 2
Hence the equations are
x  (3  2 2)y and x  (3  2 2)y .
Also after rationalizing these equations
becomes y  (3  2 2)x  0 and
y  (3  2 2)x  0 .