Universiti Malaysia Perlis

Centre of Diploma Studies

Program : Mechatronic Engineering

Code/Course : DNT 233 – Thermo-Fluid
Item : Tutorial 1(Viscosity)
Semester/session : 1/2017-2018
Remark : ANSWER

1. Figure below shows shaft with diameter of 20 cm moving at a speed of 1m/s. Fluid between the
bearing and the shaft is oil which has a dynamic viscosity 0.52. Calculate the force required to
move the shaft. (UTM)

F du
 
A dy
 
 0.52 2  0.1  1  
du 1
F  A 3 
 1090.72 N
dy  0.3  10 

2. Lubricant as shown in Figure 1 with dynamic viscosity μ = 0.1 Ns/m2 is Newtonian fluid type.
Calculate power lost (in watts) when the shaft rotates at 1800 rpm. (UTM)

2N 2 1800
   188.5s 1 , u  r  188.5  0.25  47.13m / s
60 60

 47.13 
 0.1  15710 N / m 2 , A  2rL  2 0.252  3.14m 2
du
  3 
dy  0.3  10 

F  A  15710  3.14  49329.4N

P  Fu  49329.4  47.13  2324894.62watt  2.32Mw

3. A cylinder with diameter of 50 mm and a length of 0.10 m slides vertically downward in the
cylinder tube with diameter of 52 mm. The space between the cylinder and the tube wall is filled
with oil having dynamic viscosity 1.9 N.s/m2.Calculate the speed of the cylinder to fall down if it
weight is 16 N.(UTM)

du V
   1.9   1.9  103VN / m 2 ,
dy 1  10 3
Therefore, the sum of downward forces are
  
F  A  1.9  103V   50  103  0.10  29.849V
In the equilibrium, the weight is to be balanced with sum of shear forces. Therefore,
16  29.849V
V  0.536m / s

4. In a cylinder with diameter of 20 cm there is a piston moving with a velocity of 8 cm/s. The
piston mass is 1.5 kg and with diameter of 19.9 cm. The length of the piston is 15 cm. Estimate
the viscosity of the oil that filled between the piston and cylinder.(UTM)

F  A


F mg
 
1.59.81  156.9 N / m 2
A dl  0.1990.15
From Newton viscous law

du
 
dy
 dy 156.920  19.9 / 2  100 N .s
    0.9806 2
du dy du 
8  10 2
 m

5. A 300 mm diameter circular plate is placed over a fixed bottom plate with a 2.5 mm gap
between the two plates filled with oil as shown in figure below. Determine the torque required
to rotate the circular plate slowly at 2 rpm. Assume that the velocity distribution in the gap is
linear and that the shear stress on the edge of the rotating plate is negligible. (munson)

2.5 mm gap
6. If a force of P = 2N causes the 30-mm diameter shaft to slide along the lubricated bearing with a
constant speed of 0.5 m/s, determine the viscosity of the lubricant and the constant speed of
the shaft when P = 8 N. Assume the lubricant is a Newtonian fluid and the velocity profile
between the shaft and the bearing is linear. The gap between the bearing and the shaft is 1mm.
7. The read-write head for a hand-held music player has a surface area of 0.04 mm2. The head is
held 0.04 μm above the disk, which is rotating at a constant rate of 1800 rpm. Determine the
torque T that must be applied to the disk to overcome the frictional shear resistance of the air
between the head and the disk. The surrounding air is at standard atmospheric pressure and a
temperature of 20oC. Assume the velocity profile is linear.
8. The velocity profile for a thin film of a Newtonian fluid that is confined between a plate and a
fixed surface is define by u = (10y – 0.25y2) mm/s, where y is in mm. Determine the shear stress
that the fluid exerts on the plate and on the fixed surface. Take μ = 0.532 N.s/m2.

9. SAE 30 oil at 20oC is contained within the 2-mm space between a rotating cylinder and a fixed
cylindrical reservoir a shown in figure below. If the 0.5-m-diameter rotating cylinder is required
to turn at a rate of 30 rpm, what torque is required to rotate the cylinder
10 The shaft rest on a 2-mm-thin film of oil having a viscosity of μ = 0.0657 N.s/m2. If the
shaft is rotating at a constant angular velocity of ω = 2 rad/s, determine the torque T
that must be applied to the shaft to maintain the motion. Assume the velocity profile
within the oil is linear.

11. The shaft rest on a 2-mm-thin film of oil having a viscosity of μ = 0.0657 N.s/m2. If the
shaft is rotating at a constant angular velocity of ω = 2 rad/s, determine the torque T
that must be applied to the shaft to maintain the motion. Assume the velocity profile
within the oil is linear.