ABSTRACT
prevent them from bypassing it. Along with this,
As the bikers in India are increasing, the road
mishaps are also increasing day by day. The
prime concern of this project is to enforce the
biker to wear the helmet throughout as most of
accidents are caused due to most common
negligence of not wearing the helmets, and also
many deaths occur due to lack of prompt medical
attention needed by the injured person. This
provided the motivation for the project, Safety
Precaution with Accident Recognition (SPAR)
system. With this system we aim at providing
safety to the rider by making it compulsory to
wear helmet and ensuring that he is not drunk.
This project includes a helmet body and an
integrated electronic system disposed in it. It is
operated through a wireless control system. The
components of the electronic system are
sufficiently small and rugged for use in the
helmet, ensuring that the helmet is lightweight
and durable. Moreover, the components are
spaced about the helmet to provide even weight
distribution to promote overall balance and
safety. Additional feature of accident detection
module will be installed on the bike, which will be
able to detect accident and notify the same to the
concerned members through GSM and GPS
modules.
I. INTRODUCTION
There is an alarming increase in the morbidity and
mortality due to two Wheeler road traffic accidents.
This has been a matter of great concern globally. In
India, it is estimated that one accident takes place
every 2 minutes. The occupants and riders of two
wheeler vehicles are among the majority to be
affected in road traffic accidents. Despite of the
safety rules made by the government, many riders
fail to abide by them. The two prime safety rules that
the riders fail to follow are wearing helmet and
avoiding drink and drive. These two have become
the main reasons for the loss of many lives. Apart
from manual checking, there needs to be a system
that could enforce this rule upon the riders and hence
failure to provide immediate aid to the victim leads
to decrease in the chances of survival. To overcome
these problems, we have come up with a solution
through our project titled ‘SPAR’ abbreviated as
“Safety Precaution with Accident Recognition
System”. With this system we aim at providing
safety to the rider by making it compulsory to wear
helmet and ensuring that he is not drunk. If the rider
meets with an accident even after all the necessary
steps taken to prevent it, then our system recognises
the accident and the severity of it. Once the accident
is found fatal, then the GSM and GPS module in the
system will send a message to the rider’s family and
to the nearest ambulance which will contain the
latitude and longitude information of victim’s
location.
I. LITERATURE SURVEY
1.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE,
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
RESEARCH (IJSETR), Volume 5, Issue 3, March
2016.In this the old features are helmet detection via
ultrasonic sensor and absence of alcohol detection.
In the new system proposed the old features are
replaced by IR transmitter for helmet detection
which is more effective than ultrasonic sensor for
continuous line of sight, along with this Alcohol
detection system is added to the proposed system in
the helmet unit to provide better safety for the rider.
2. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS AND SYSTEM
ENGINEERING, At KUALA LUMPUR, Volume:
978-1-4799-3178-1/13/.In this paper the old features
in the vehicle unit was the usage of Microcontroller
16F84A and alert system for over speeding was
present but in the above mentioned system Accident
recognition system was absent due which immediate
aid wasn’t provided ,to overcome the disadvantage
of this system, Accident recognition system was
added and the Microcontroller used is AT89C51 but
Alert system for over speeding is absent in this
system
3. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
AND RESEARCH (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319‐
7064. In this paper MP3 playback system was
present but the disadvantage of this system was the
absence of wireless connection between helmet and
bike for helmet and alcohol detection in order to start
the bike .This system uses High power consumption
ARM Cortex-M3 processor. In the proposed system
added features such as wireless connection between
helmet and vehicle unit to start the bike and
Microcontroller AT89C51 is used for less power
consumption .In this system there is absence of MP3
player system as it has become one of the reason for
accidents.
4. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING &ISSN 2319 – 2518 Vol. 4, No. 2,
April 2015 Telecommunications. In this paper ASK
module was used for wireless communication
between Helmet and Vehicle Unit which was not
much efficient compared to the system proposed
which uses RF module for wireless communication
between Helmet and Vehicle unit
III. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 1: Helmet Unit
Figure 2: Vehicle Unit
IV.METHODOLOGY
The block diagram consists of two parts. One part is
to be implemented in the helmet and consists of
transmitter and the other in the bike which consists
of controlling unit. Helmet module will have sensors
to detect helmet and alcohol content. IR module will
be used to detect the helmet’s presence. The IR
transmitter and receiver continuously exchanges
information in the absence of person. If the person
wears the helmet, then the communication between
IR transmitter and receiver breaks. This breakage
signal will be sent to RF transmitter via buffer,
driver and relay unit. Alcohol sensor will be used to
sense whether the person has consumed alcohol or
not. If the person is found to have consumed alcohol,
it will be detected by the sensor and the
corresponding sensed signal will be sent to RF
transmitter via buffer, driver and relay unit. The RF
transmitter at helmet unit sends the information
regarding helmet and alcohol detection. The vehicle
module will be equipped with RF receiver to receive
information regarding helmet and alcohol.
If it is ensured that the rider is wearing the helmet
and not drunk, then that signal from the RF receiver
is transmitted through buffer, driver and relay unit in
order to start the vehicle by activating DC motor.
The activation of DC motor depends upon the
conditions as stated below
• If the rider is found wearing helmet and not
drunk then the DC motor will TURN ON.
• If the rider is wearing the helmet .But,
found alcoholic then the DC motor will not TURN
ON which prevents the vehicle from starting up.
• If the rider is found not wearing the helmet
then the vehicle will not start.
Accident sensors at vehicle unit is used to detect the
accidents. If an accident takes place, it will be
detected by the sensors and the sensed signal will be
digitized by mono stable multi vibrator. This
digitized signal is analyzed by the microcontroller
and further steps are taken based on the severity of
the accident .In case fatal accidents, we have chosen
GSM technology to give the information by sending
SMS to both the family members and to the nearest
ambulance. Sending SMS alone can’t help the
driver, as he will be unaware of the exact location.
So to trace out the exact location, we use GPS
module which gives information to microcontroller.
It then sends the SMS which contains the latitude
and longitude of the area to the concerned mobile
number. For this we use GPS module to extract the
location of the accident, the GPS data contains the
latitude and longitude values using which we can
find the accurate position of the accident place. The
mobile detector is used to detect the mobile ring
while riding. If a person gets a call while riding, it
will be detected by the mobile detector. Sensed
signal will be digitized via mono stable multi
vibrator. Multi vibrator sends that signal to
interfacing stage for switching purpose. This
detected signal will reduce the speed of the vehicle
via interfacing stage.
V.CONCLUSION
This project ensures the safety of the rider, by
making it necessary to wear helmet, and ensures that
the rider hasn’t consumed any alcohol. If any of
these prime safety rules are violated, the system will
prevent the biker from starting the bike which makes
the job easy for the traffic department. The system
also helps in efficient handling of the aftermath of
accidents by sending a SMS with the location of the
biker to both family members and the nearest
ambulance. This ensures that the victims get proper
and prompt medical attention, if met with an
accident.
VI. FUTURE SCOPE
1. Government can enforce laws to install
such systems in all the two wheelers.
2. GPS voice navigation.
3. A GPS module to get the location of the
bike in case it is lost and can also be used
by the police to catch offenders. This can
be implemented by assigning each GPS
module by unique number that can be the
registration number of the bike. We can
create an app in which we can enter the bike
registration number and we can track the
bike.
VII. REFERENCES
 Safety measures for “Two wheelers by
Smart Helmet and Four wheelers by
Vehicular Communication” Manjesh N 1,
Prof. Sudarshan raju C H 2 M Tech,
ECEDSCE, JNTUA, Hindupur Email:
manjesh405@gmail.com HOD & Asst.
Prof. BIT-IT, Hindupur International
Journal (NCDATES- 09th & 10th January
2015).
 Smart Helmet with Sensors for Accident
Prevention Mohd Khairul Afiq Mohd
Rasli, Nina Korlina Madzhi, Juliana Johari
Faculty of Electrical Engineering
University Tecnology MARA40450 Shah
AlamSelangor,MALAYSIAjulia893@sala
m.uitm.edu.my
 A Solar Powered Smart Helmet With
Multifeatures Mr.P.Dileep Kumar1,
Dr.G.N.Kodanda Ramaiah Journal of
Engineering Inventions e-ISSN: 2278-
7461, pISSN: 2319-6491 Volume 4, Issue
10 [June 2015] PP: 0611).
 A Smart Safety Helmet using IMU and
EEG sensors for worker fatigue detection
Ping Li, Ramy Meziane, Martin J.-D. Otis,
Hassan Ezzaidi, REPARTI Center,
University of Quebec at Chicoutimi
Chicoutimi, Canada Email:
Martin_Otis@uqac.ca Philippe Cardou
REPARTI Center, Laval University
Quebec, Canada Email:
pcardou@gmc.ulaval.ca).
 ISSN 2319 – 2518 www.ijeetc.comVol. 4,
No. 2, April 2015© 2015 IJEETC.
Sudarsan K and Kumaraguru Diderot P
(2014), “Helmet for Road Hazard Warning
with Wireless Bike Authentication and
Traffic Adaptive Mp3 Playback”,
International Journal of Science and
Research (IJSR), Vol. 3, No. 3, ISSN
(Online): 2319-7064