lI

llt
English for
ü r*_

CAVTNNIDGE
UNIVERSITY PRESS
PUBLTSHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRTDGE
The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, Uúited Kingdom

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

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O Cambridge University Press 1997

This book is in copyright. Subject to statutoly exception

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no reprcduction of any par'Émay take place without
the written per¡ission of Cambridge University Press.

First pirblished 199?

gth p nting 2001

New ltuterch@ngeSh)dent's Book 2 has been developed from I¿¿erc¿¿nge Student's Book 2,
flrst published by Cambridge University Press in 1991.
Printed in Hong Kong, China
?ypefoce New Century Schoolbook Syslem QuarkXPress@ tAHl

A catalog recordfor this boohis auailable from the Bñtish Líbrary

Líbrary of CongressCatalogítLgin Publicatíon dnta

Richards, Jack C.
New interchange: English for international communication :
student s book 2 /Jack C. Richards with Jonathan Hull and Susan Proctor.
p. cm.
Rev. ed. of: Interchange : English for intemational communication :
student's book 2. 1991.
ISBN 0-521-62862-8
1. English language - Tertbooks foi foreig! speaherc.
2. Communication, International - Problems, exercises,etc.
I. Hull, Jonathan. II. Proctor, Susan. IIL Richards,
Jack C. lnterchange. IV- Title.
PE1128.M593 1997
42a.2'4- dc21 -27 440
9',7
CIP
lsBN 0 521 628ó28 Student'sBook 2
ISBN0 521 62861X Student'sBook 2A rsBN0 521 628490 Video 2 (NTSC)
rsBN0 521 62860 I Studenl'sBook 28 rsBN0 521 628482 Video 2 (PAl)
rsBN0 521628598 Wo*book 2 rsBN0 521 628474 Video 2 (SECAM)
ISBN0 521 62858X Workbook2A rsBN0 5 2 16 2 8 4 6ó v i d e oA c r r v i l )B o o k2
15BN0 521 62857 I Workbook 28
$BN 0 521 628458 Video Teacher'sGuide2
rsBN0 521 628563 Teacher'sEdition 2
rsBN0 521 638879 Video SamplerI 2
lsBN 0 521 628555 Teacher'sManual2
rsBN0 521 626ó?6 CD-ROM (PC forma0
rsBN0 521 628547 ClassAudio Casseres2
rsBN 0 521 628520 Student'sAudio Cassette2A rsBN0 521 626668 CD-ROM (Mac fbmat)
NBN 0 521 626528 Student'sAudio Cassette2B ISBN0 521 773792 Lab Guide 2
lsBN 0 521 628539 ClassAudio CDs 2 2
rsBN0 521 773784 Lab Cassettes
NBN 0521 628512 Student'sAudio CD 2A lsBN0 521 467594 PlacementTest (valid for New
rsBN0 521 628504 Student'sAudio CD 28 Interchangeand Interchange)
tsBN 0 521 950198 Audio Sampler1-3 ISBN0 521 805759 Teacher-Training Video with
Video Manual
Forthcomíng
lsBN0 521 628822 New Interchange,lPassages
Placementand Evaluation Package

Booh design, art directíon, ctrLdlo.lout setuicesr Adventure House, NYC

Illustrators: Ad'reú:u:re House, Randy Jones, Mark KaufmaÍ, Kevin Spaulding, Sam Viviano
Photo researcher: Svlvia P. Bloch
THE NEW EDITION
\ew Interchange is a revision oflz terchange,
one ofthe world's most successfuland popular
English courses.New Interchange incorporates
many improvements suggestedby teachers and
students from around the world. Some major
changesinclude many new Conversations,
Snapshots, and Readings; more extensive
Gramrnar Focus models and activities; a greater
variety and amount oflistening materials;
extensive changes to the Teacher's Edition
a¡d Worktrook; and additions to the Video.
\ew Interchange is a multi-level course in
English as a secondor foreign language for
)-oungadults and adults. The coursecovers the
four skills oflistening, speaking, reading, and
rwiting, as well as improving pronunciation and
building vocabulary. Particular emphasis is
placed on listening and speaking. The primary
goal ofthe course is to teach communicative
competence,that is, the abillty to communicate
in English according to the situation, purpose,
and roles ofthe participants. The language
rsed in New Interchange is Lmencan English;
however, the course reflects the fact that English
is the major language ofinternational communi-
cation and is not limited to any one country,
region, or culture. This level is for intermediate
students and takes them from the low-
intermediate up to the intermediate level.
This level builds on the foundations for accurate
a¡d fluent communication already established in
prior levels by extending grammatical, lexical,
and functional skills. Becausethe syllabus cov-
e¡ed in this Student's Book reviews language fea-
rures taught at the prior level, students who
have not previously rsed. New Interchange car'
successfullystudy at this level.
COURSELENGTH
Each full level of New Interchange contains
between 70 and 120 hours ofclass instruction
time. For classeswhere more time is available,
the Teacher's Edition gives detailed suggestions
for Optional Activities to extend each unit.
\Vhere less time is avaiiable, the amount of time
spent on Interchange Activities, Reading,
Writing, Optional Activities, and the Workbook
can be reduced.
Each split edition contains approximately 35 to
60 hours of classroommaterial. The Student's
Book, Workbook, and Student's Audio Cassettes
or CDs are available in solit editions.
I COURSECOMPONENTS
The Student's Book contains 16 six-page units,
each divided into two topicaVfunctional "cycles,"
as well as four review units. At the back ofthe
book are 16 commu¡ication tasks, called
"Interchange Activities," and summaries of
grammar and vocabulary taught in each unit.
The full-color Teacher's Edition features
detailed teaching instructions directly across
from the Student's Book pages,along with audio
scripts, cultural notes, answer keys, and optional
activities. At the back of the Teacher'sEdition
are instructions for Interchange Activities, an
Optional Activities Index, a Wo¡kbook Answer
Key, and four photocopiableAchievement Tests
with audio scripts and answer keys.
The Workbook provides a variety of reading,
wúting, and spelling exercisesto reinforce the
grammar and vocabulary taught in the
Student's Book. Each sü-page unit follows the
same teaching sequenceas the Student's Book;
some exercisesrecycle teaching points from pre-
vious units in the context of the new topic.
The Workbook can be used for classwork
or homework.
The Class Audio Program, avai lable on
cassetteor CD, is intended for classroomuse.
The Conversations,Grammar Focus models,
Pronunciation exercises,and Listening activities
in the Student's Book are all recorded naturally
with a variety of native and some nonnative
accents.Recordedexercisesare indicated with
the symbol @.
The Student's Audio Program provides
opportunities for self-study. It contains record-
ings of all Student's Book exercisesmarked with
the symbol @, except for the Listening tasks,
which are intended only for classroomuse. These
tasks appear exclusively on the Class Audio
Program and are indicated by the symbol ffiD
Il
lntfoduction
The Video offers entertaining dramatic or
documentary sequencesthat réview and extend
lanzuagelearnedin eachunit of the Student's
eoo;k.The Video Activitv Book contains
comnrehension,conversation,and language
oraátice activities, and the Video Teacher's
buide provides instructional support, answer
keys, and photocopiabletranscúpts of the Yideo
sequences.
The CD-ROM, aPProPriatefor home or
laboratory use, offers a wealth of additional
practice. Each of the 16 units is based on a
ieouence from the Video. Four tests help
students monitor their Progress.
The Placement Test helps determine the most
appropriate level of Neu Interchange for
incomins students.A bookletcontainsthe
four-skils test on photocopiablepages,as well as
instructions for test administration and scoring
A cassetteaccornpaniesthe listening section of
I WHAT EACH UNIT CONTAINS
the test.
The Lal¡ Cassettes provide self-study actiYities
in the areas of grammar, vocabulary,
oronunciation, listening, and functional use of
bnslish. The Lab Guide contains photocopiable
pagls that guide students through the actiüties'
The Teacher'Training Video offers clear
suidance for teaching each section of the
Étudent's Book and professional development
activities appropriate for individual or group use'
ll APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
New Interchange teaches students to use
English for everydaysituations and purposes
reláted to school, social 1ife,work, and leisure'
The underlying philosophy is that learning a
secondor foreign language is more rewarding,
meaningful, and effective when the language is
used for authentic communication. Throughout
NewInterchange.students are presented
with natural and useful language. In addition,
stuilents have the oppoftunity to persolalize
the language they learn, make use oftheir
own knowledge and experiences,and express
their ideas and oPinions.
I KEY FEATURES
Adult and International Content N¿¿
Interchan'gedeals with contemporary topics that
are of high interest and relevant to both students
and teachers.The topics have been selectedfor
their interest to both homogeneousand hetero-
geneousclasses.
Integrated Syll abts New Interchange has
an integrated, multi-skills syllabus that links
tooics.communicativefunctions.and grammar'
-Gru--a, - as an essential componentof
""utt
second and foreigl language proficiency and
competence - is always presentedcommunica-
tivefu , with controlled accuracy-basedactivitie"
leading to fluency-based communicative practice'
In this"way, there is a link between grammatical
form and communicative function' The syllabus
is carefully graded, with a gradual progression of
teaching items.
Enjoyable and Useful Learning Activities
A variety ofinteresting and enjoyable activities
provides thorough individual student practice
ánd enableslearners to apply the language they
learn. The course also makes extensive use of
information-gap tasks; role plays; and pair,
group, and whole class activities. Task-based
ánd i-nforrnation-sharing activities provide a
maximum amounLof student-generated
commu¡ication.
Snapshot The Snapshots graphically present
interesting real-world information that introduces
the topic o1a unit or cycle,and also developvocab-
ulary. Follow-up questions encouragediscussion
ofthe Snapshot material and personalize the topic'
Conversation The Conversationsintroduce the
new grammar df each cycle in a communicative
context and present functional and conversa-
tional expressions.
Grammar Focus The new grammar of each
unit is presented in color boxes and is foliowed
bv controlletl and freer communicative practice
activities. These freer activities ofben have stu-
dents use the grammar in a personal context'
Fluency Exercise These pair, group, whole
class, or role-play activities proüde more
personal practice of the new teaching points
and increáse the opportunity for individual
student practice.
Pronunciation These exercisesfocus on impor-
fant features of spoken English, including stress'
rhlthm, intonation, reductions, and bleiding'
Listening The Listening activities develop a
wide variéty oflistening skills, including iisten-
ing for gist, Iistening for details, and inferring
méaning from context. Charts or graphics often
accompánythese task-based exercisesto lend
support to students.
Word Power The Word Power activities
develop students' vocabulary through a variety
of inteiesting tasks, such as word maps and
collocation exercises.Word Power activities are
usually followed by oral or written practice that
helps Átutlents understand how to use the vocab-
ularv in context.

Writing The Writing exercisesinclude practical
writing tasks that extend and reinforce the teach-
ing points in the unit and help develop student's
compositional skills. The Teacher's Edition
demonstrates how to use the models and
exercisesto focus on the processof writing.
Reading The reading passagesuse various
t¡ryes of texts adapted from authentic sources.
The Readings develop a variety of reading skills,
including reading for details,skimming. scan-
ning, and making inferences.Also included are
pre-reading and post-reading questions that
use the topic of the reading as a springboard
to discussion.
Interchange Activities The Interchange
Activities are pair work, group work, or whole
class activities involving information sharing and
role playing to encouragereal communication.
These exercisesare a central part of the course
and allow students to extend and personalize
what they have practiced and learned in each ulit.
flillltIfi'
flrliltMlr[[lI|ilff
,{ great number of people contributed to the
development of ly'ew Interchange. Particular thanks
:re owed to the following:
Ihe reviewers using the first edition of Interchange
ile the following schools and institutes * the insights
alld suggestionsofthese teachers and their students
have helped define the content and format of the new
edition: Jorge Haber Resque, Centro Cultural
Brasil-EstadosrUnidos (CCBEU), Belém, Brazil;
L¡lne Roecklein, Gifu University, Japan;
)lary Oliveira anil Montserrat M. Djmal, Instituto
Brasil.Estados Unidos (IBEU), Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil; Liliana Baltra, hstituto Chileno Norte-
Americano, Santiago de Chile; Blanca Arazi and
:he teachers at Instituto Cultural Argentino
\orteamericano (ICANA), Buenos Aires,
Argentina; Mike Millin and Kelley Seyrnour, James
Engüsh School, Japan; Matilde Legorreta and
)Iarruel Hidalgo, Kratos, S.A, de C.V., Mexico D.F.;
Peg Donner, Ricia Doren, and Andrew Sachar, Rancho
Santiago College Centennial Education Center,
Santa Ana, California, USA; James Hale, Sundai
EI-S, Japan; Christopher L1mch, Sunshine College,
Tokyo, Japan; Valerie Benson, Suzugamine Women's
lntroduction
Unit Summaries Unit Summaries are located
at the back ofthe Student's Book. They contain
lists ofthe key vocabulary and functional
expressions,as well as grammar extensions
for each unit.
I FROM THE AUTHORS
We hope that you will like using Neu Interchange
and find it useful, interesting, and fun. Our goal
has been to provide teachers and students with
activities that make the English class a time to
look forward to and, at the same time, provide
students with the skills they need to use English
outside the classroom.Pleaselet us know how
you enjoy it and good luck!
Jack C. Richards
Jonathan Hull
Susan Proctor
College, Hiroshima, Japan; Michael Barnes,
Toky'u Be Seminar, Japan; Claude Arnaud
and Paul Chris McVay, Toyo Women's College,
Tokyo, Japan; Maria Emilia Rey Silva, UCBEU,
Sáo Paulo, Brazil; Lilia Ortega Sepulveda, Unidad
Lomoa llermosa, Mexico D,F.; Eúc Bray, Kyoto
YMCA English School, Kyoto, Japan; John Pak,
Yokohama YMCA English School, Yokohama,
Japan; and the many teachers around the rrorld who
responded to the lzterchange questionnaire.
The editorial and production team: Suzette André,
Sylvia P. Bloch, John Borrelli, Mary Carson, Karen
Darry, Samuela Eckstut, Randee Falk, Andrew Gitzy,
Christa Hansen, Pauline lreland, Stephanie Karras,
Penny Laporte, Kathy Niemczyk, Kathleen Schultz,
Rosie Stamp, and Mary Vaughn.
And Cambridge University Press staff and advisors:
Carlos Barbisan, Kathleen Corley, Kate Cory-Wright,
Riitta da Costa, Peter Daüson, Peter Donovan, Robert
Gallo, Cecilia Gómez, Colin Hayes, Thares Keeree,
Jinsook Kim, Koen Van Landeghem, Alex Martinez,
Carine Mitchell, Chuanpit Phalavadhana, Sabina Sahni,
Helen Sandiford, Dan Schulte, Ian Sutherland, Chris
White. Janaka Williams. and E11enZlotnick.
 rr Title/Topics
,,ffi
?ft
M*WM$K Functions
Funcu0ns Grammar
urarrrrrral

r TntrodrrcinE yourself; talkinq about

vourselfl talking about Past tense; used'to for },abit.oal
A^ +:ñ^ +^,añañlrar
time to remenber Introducing
.d yourself; exchanging Personal acüons
People: childhood; remiriscences
information; rernembering Your
chitdhood;asking about someone's
childhood

,.\1.
re Talking about transportation and Adverbs of quantitv with countable
Caught in the rush
Trñportation; transportation transportation problems; evaluating and uncountable rrortns..too tnany,
problerns; city servicei city sórvices; asking for and giving m.ult, not enough, more, fewer,
' loo
i" information less;indirect questionsfrom
Wh-questions

ffi
Describing positive and negative Evaluations and comparisons with
. fine for a change!
- lifestvle features; áaking comparisons; adjectives: not ' ' ' enough' too' not
H;;-JJ;;;;nts;
;;;;;.;t;; talking about liflstvle changes; Qs '- ' as' os ' ' ' as; Evaluations
... expressing wishes and compaúsons with nouns: no¿
enough , ' qsrlanY"'as;Wish

\ :
.i¡rc
I,ve never heard of that!
'¡'""-J, Talking about food;expressinglikes Simple past vs' presentperfect;
r".t"o"iioo"; and dislikes; describing a favorite se-quenceadverbs: flrst, then, next,
"""rn*t "ooaing snack;giving instructions after that' finally
. methods

@
Describing vacation plans; giving Futur€ with óe goíng to atd willi
Going placés
plans travel advice; planning a vacation modals for necessity and
Tra.ri;-vac"tioos;
suggestion: (d'on't) haue to, must'
need to, better, ought to, should.

Making requests;accePtingand Two-part verbs; arill for responding

Sure. No problem!
Complaints;householdchores; refusing requests;comPlaining; to requests;requestswith modals
requests;excuses;apologles apologizing;giving excuses alrd would Youmrnq . . !

rc
What's this for? Describing technology; giving Infinitives and ger-unds; infinitive
Technology; instructions instructions; giving advice complements

rc Describing holidays, festivals, Relative clauses-of^time;adverbial

Letfs celebrate!
Holidays;festivals;customs; customs,Ind speáialevents clausesoftime: before'when' after
celebrations

VI
 I
c,¿ l't.
" - ' t-inuncíatÍon
--:;::-ng to people talk about
--:---
!a:t: listening for personal
i::=arion
io.-:ced. form of used,to
--*-:;::ng to a descriptionofa
:-:r-!ortation system; listening for
-::'- -ect üformation; listening to
:r.-:-¿ a,.kfor information
=-::,.:ion intonation in I4/á-
: ---:-ons and indirect questions
---erilg to descriptions of
¡:,:::nents for rent; listening to
::::arisons; listening to people
---! :.irout lifestyle changes
+::Énce stress
--: -;ring to descriptions offoods;
:-:-: ñd f^ rp.iñac
-:.:j:ced forns of díd you alrd
' : .:, \ou
-:.:ening for descriptions of
, .:arion plans; listening to
.:-=-.-el
advice
?.;luced forms ofought to and
- .:¿ri¡g to requests;listening to
' =plaints. ercuses.and apologies
S:::ss r-ith two-part verbs
-:-.iening to people describe how to
-- tech¡ology; listening to advice
S-.lIablestress
-,stening to descriptions of special
la¡'s and customs
.raec and rhvihm
'|t
É lJ', -t 1.! lt^- ll,L¿?@r
Wrítíng/Readíng Interchange
Activity
Writing an autobiography "Class profile": Finding out about a
"Joan Chen":Readingabout an classmate's childhood
actress'scareer
ffi
Writing a descriptionofa city's "Making the city better',:Suggesting
transportation services ways to improve a city
,,Stuck in an air¡ort?:
What to
do . . . ": Readin! about ways to
spend time in an airport
ffi
Writing about a wish .Wisbful
thinking": Finding out
"Dreams Can ComeTrue": Reading about classmates' wishes
about peoplewho changedtheir
lifestyles
-
Writing a recipe "Risky business":Collecting
"Eating for Energy'': Reading personalinformation from
about how food affects physical classmates
and mental performance
m
Writing about a vacation "Fun vacations": Deciding on a trip
"Getting more for less when you
travel": Readingabout how to save
money on travel arrang ements
Writing a persuasive letter "Thafs no excuse!": Apologizing and
making excuses
"Summer in the Country": Reading
about the Fresh Air Fund
M
Writing advice about a useful item "Good advice": Giving advice to
'A Day in Your Life - In the classma¡es
Yea¡ 2020": Reading about life ir
the future
ffi
Writing about a holiday or festival "Once in a blue moon": Finding out
"U¡usual customs";Rearlingabout how classmatescelebratespecial
holidays and unusual customs oaYs
_re
vtl
 ff smesaor

Source:UN Departmentfor International,

Talk about these guestions, Economic,and SocialAffa¡rs

Whydoyou thinkthesecitieshaveso manyímmigrants?

Are thereany immigrantsin your city? Whereare theyfromorigínally?

Nl cot'tveRsAnov
A @! Listen andpractice.

Ted: Oh. I'm really sorry.Are you OK? ,l

Ana: I'm fine. But I'm not very goodat this. 1
Ted: Neithe¿-argl. Say, are you from South America?
Ana: Yes, I am, originally. I was born in Argentina.
Tbd: Did you g::oq u_pthere?
Ana: Yes, I did, but-my family moved here
eight years ago, when I-was in high school.
Tbd: A¡d where üd you learn to Rollerblade?
Ana: Heró in the park. This is only my secondtime.
Tbd: Well, it's rny firsú time. Can you give me
somelessons?
Ana: Sure. Just folloq me.
Ted: By the gg¡', my náme is Ted.
Ana: And I'm Ana. Nice to meet you.

ffiFD B @ Listento therestoftheconversation.

What are two more things you learn about Ted?
-tilua!, ( tlllu+€aS
 A t¡meto remember

fl cnnruARFocus
l'tErE Er€ ,:- cofn? Americo.
Iwosbornin South
E c'- :t- : Btozil? No,lwosn'|.lwosborninArgentino.
lFe? dil ,:: growup? I grewupin BuenosAires.
rFe- did ,:- movehere? I movedhereeighlyeors ogo,whenlwosin h¡ghschool.
f ,.'- leomSponish in highschool? No,ldidn't,
lstudiedil incollege.
ñ .: - go 1ocollegein Colifornio? Yes.I did.lwentto collegein LosAngeles.

A I . : riete these conversations. Then practice with a partner.

-, Could ¡ ou tell me a little about yourself?

\\llere I ,/.ril .!-. you born?
3: I ; '.,¡ I born in South Korea.
-i: 1 \,-;.,yog grow up there?
3; No, Li /,1i1 + . 7.',').1.N...
up in Canada.
(
\\here .. . you . .. . to highschool?
B : I ,,.i.i: . to high schoblin Ecuador.

.1.A:
l_..,
. . . . y o us t u d ¡ E n g l i s hw h e ny o u . . ..
a child? '
B : Yes, L .'.,
A: How old ..,:...'.;... you when you began to
study English?
elevenyearsold.
B : L'.'.t.-:...,.

B . , : . Take turns askíng the questionsin

part A. Give your own information when answering.

LISTENING
.: .:.f.'r' Listen to interviews with two immigrants to the
United States. Complete the chart.

L Whereis he/shefrom?
2. Whendidhe/she movelo the
UniledSfoles?
3. Wholdoeshe/she donow?
oboutbeing
4. Wholisdifficult
ti
onimmigronl?
t Wholdoeshe/she
lhemost?
miss

t.\

\"\' \
Unit 1

pl e ernnc ro KNowYou
A Pair u¡ork Interview a classmateyou don't know very well.
Ask questionslike the onesbelow and take notes.Start like this:

A: Hi! My name's. . . .
B: Hello. I'm . . . . Nice to meet you.
A: Goodto meet you, too. Could you tell me a little about yourself?
B: Sure. What do you want to know?
A: Well, where were you born?
I
- Did you study any foreign languages? !i ,. ::
Where were you born? "-
Did you grow up there? When did you first study English?
Where did you go to elementaryschool? When üd you gtaduate?
Where did you go to high school? How old were you when you movedto . . . ?

B G/ass activity Use your notes and introduce your partner

to the class.Start like this:

"I'd like to introduce Angela. She was born in Mexico,but she

grew up in a small town near Monterey,California."

pl WOnOPOWER whenrwas ... .

a chitd , , - ) t J < l . we ¡ , , 4 i 2 r ) l
'v'-
A Completethe word map. Add one more t').r | 'l-
word to each category.Then compare with - ¡ 4'-ti '¡L
a oartner. ?),^' ::;? ,.. , .-

beach " 'l '.-l" " "

lo' !
bicycle -
cat -'
collebt comics /
dog
paint -
play chess
rabbit ...
scrapbook -- - e/Wp
soccer ball ;¿sa '
Summer camp .-- l)17/-19t4-{Jn
tree house ¿,

B Pair u¡ork Choosethree words from

the word map and use them to describe
someof your childhoodmemorres.
!{r znbo olJ
b,i;ü-tc(ti
"^
5 OC(ILI vT.!.x
A: I playedchesswhen I was in
elementaryschool.
B: How well did you play?
A: I was pretty good.
 A time lo remembe¡
-- -¡
i
CONVERSATION !
¡\ r" . ' -|-i ,.

A , Listen and practice.

Jeff: Hey! Are these pictures of you when you

were a kid?
Kim: Yeah. lh4tlsne in front of my uncle's
beach house.When I was a kid, we used
to spend two weeks there every
Summet. . - - . i -, . ' ' -
Jeff: Wow, I beJ that wás fun!
Kim: Yeah. We always had a great time.
Every day we used to get up early and
walk along the beach.I had a greaL
shellcollection. In fact, I think it's still
up in the attic! l:..'¡
Jeff: Hey, I used to collect shells, too, when I
...^ ^ r.:r D ... ^rrents lhrew them
u u u " -r .J y .
out!
'.-a(

tt Listento the rest of the conversation.

What is Jeff's favorite childhood memory?
";.-'
, r.,..1 ,.) :l .le.>
',, i. t (r/rl L 6
.,,]
GRAMMARFOCUS
..r,j. 1'-¡
L

WhenI woso kid,weusedl0 sloyof myuncle's

beoch
house.
Didyou.use
lo hoveo hobby?
Yes,lusedlo collect
shells.
didyouuselo ploy?
Whotgomes
'*1''',0'*:1":'l
A Complete these sentences. Then
compare with a partner.

1. In eiementary school,I used to. . . .

2. I used to be . . . , but I'm not airymore.
3. When I was a kid, I used to play. . . .
.1. After school, my best friend
andIusedto....

B write five mo'e

sentences about yourself using used to.
Do ¡'ou and your partner have anlthing
in common?
Unit 1

pl nnorvatNctATlolv
used
to
A @l fisten and practice.Notice the pronunciation of used

When I was a child, I used to play the violin.

I used to have a nickname.
I used to have a pet.
I used to play hide-and-seek.

B Pair work Practícethe sentencesyou wrote in Exercise8

again. Pay attention to the pronunciation ofused to.

ffi menoRrEs
A Pair work Add three questionsto this list.
Then take turns asking and answeringthe questions.

1. What's your favorite childhoodmemory?

2. What sports or gamesdid you use to play when
you were younger?
a Did you use to have a nickname?
A Where did you use to spendyour vacations?
-)5. Did you ever have a part-time job?
o.

7.
8.

B C/ass activity Tell the classtwo interesting

things about your partner.

lfi wnmuc
A Write about the things you used to do as a child.
Use someof your ideas flom Exercise10.

Findoutaboutyour
my familymovedto Oregon. Turn
classmates.
and a bia vard to plav in. to pagelG2.
r.,sndJ--ased tp plsy lpts efgsn es-t-o
br-o-the getlEr...

u.n.apl-s-c,qryQ_e_.c41r.t*e-..w-e.,.,.,,.
Itwas.b.o.thf

B Group work Take turns reading your compositionsaloud.

Answer any questionsfrom the group.
 A time to remembGl

,/
@ nenontc
I
t

oan Chenis famousboth in

China,whereshegrewup,
andin the United States,
whereshenow lives. How did
Joanbecomea famousactress
in two countries?It's an
interestingstory. work asan actress.To
JoanChenwasbornin Shanghai, work in the United States,
in 1961.Whenshewas14,
somepeoplefrom a film studio
cameto her schoolandchose
Joanhad to startaUover
-fu-ents
that shewasan
Y,
agarn.Shetotd tlollyl,vooo

her to study at the studio. She actressin China,but she

washappyaboutthis chance,
but mainly sheliked the ideaof
gettingout of school.Soon,
however,shediscovered that
shereally liked acting.At age
18,shewontheGoldenRooster,
China'stop film award.
In the late 1970s,Joan'sparents,who wele
doctors.movedto theUnitedStates.Joanjoined
them when shewas20 andwentto collegethere.
Her párentshopedshewould studymedicine.
Instead shemaj$redin film and later lookedfor
\
\' 'v:
¡an"abat''
A Readthe article. Then put the eventsin Joan Chen'slife into
the correctorder (1-8).
a
..!... won the GoldenRooster
.;f. . appearedin Tai-Pan
. .4-. . luft schooland studied at a film studio
...1. .. starred in ?l¿e Last Emperor
only got somesmallParts
!n TV shows.¡
OnedayJoanwent to
speakto a directorwho
wasmakinga movie
calledTai-Pan.The interviewdidn't go well. As
shewalkedaway,a man in a carnoticedher.The
manwasDino Delaurentiis,Ihef iim'sli6ducqr.- r. , e/'
He immediatelyofferedhera badj-!C-p4rt. A & L
yearlaler, shestarredin BernardoBertolucci's
TheLast Emperorandwason her way to
worldwide fame.
..|. .. stucliedfílm in college
. .11... movedto the United States
....1... wasbornin Chinain 1961
...b...got her first part in a TV show

B Group work Talk about these questions.

1 . Do parents and chiltlren often have different ideas about careers?

How are their ideas different?
Why is it sometimes üfficult for people who move to another country
to keep doing the same work?
 (aarh, * (eu¡Ltf

b", | /L/
/ /a ,
/ boTt
ll wono PowER compound
nouns
A Match the nouns in columnsA and B to make compoundnouns.
(More than one answer is possible.)
subway + entrance = subwayentrance

¡ subway¡ entrance
/ .-
¡ramc-i:, ¡1o¡,

stand
jam TaLa
': .space

r .r \. 4.,
Dl-t ¿
B Pair work How many compoundnouns can you
make beginning with these words? tq.^ll,aul ,
Tlr!:, ounty'
,4
police telephone fire train i) J, s{4
\aL),-,;lc*d,

E couveRsATIoN .. '-,.
A @ u,"t"nundpractice.
/,!' ^
Lynn: Why is there never a bus when yo.{*unt o.r")
Sam: Goodquestion.There aren't enoghbu6es--'/
on this route. S¿í:Lo"'\4'
Lynn: SometimesI feel like writing a letter to the paper.
Sam: Goodidea. You should say that we need more
subwaylines, too.
L¡'nn: Yeah.There should be more public transportation
rñ ]n genelar.
CO"" Sam: And fewer cars! There'stoo much traffic.
,"x Lv:art-SaíGifraQ-our bus coming?
\v" [, Sam: Yes.it is. But look.It's fulll
Lynn: Oh, no! Let's go and gglq cup of coffee.We can talk
abourthisretterrm co\c to
]:1:".i ,*.:.otr, dL
ffifrD B @ r,stento therestr,n).1*ll1.L,l.*u, "r."
is wrong with the transportation systemin their city?

l.nn't nÚVj'
( Lr
l}r x'tr'
t
 El ennnMAR
Focus
W¡thcountdble
nouns
Jhereoreloo monycors.
Wilhuncountoblenouns
Thereisfoomuchlroffic.
o
Th€reoren'lsnoüghbuses. There porking.
¡sn'tenough
Weneedmoresubwoy lines. Weneedmorepublictronsporfofion.
Ihereshouldbefewercors. There
shouldbelessDollufion,

f
may be possible.)

B Group work Completethese statementsabout the citv

r-ouare living in. Then comparewith others.

1 . The city needsto provide more . . . . 4. There should be fewer . .

2 . We have too many . . . . 5. We don't have enough. . .
3.There'stoomuch.... 6. Thereshouidbe less. . . .

ll usreutuc
iD A @ listen to someonetalk about how Singaporehas tried to solveits
traffic problems.Check(/) TYueor False for eachstatement.

l. Molorislsoreneverollowed lo driveinlolhebusinessd¡slricl. ! ¡
2, People need0 speciolcerlificole
lo beoblelo buvo cor. n n
3. Corscoslmuchmorelhonlheydoin lheUnited SlolesondConodo. n tr
4. Publiclronsportotion
stillneedsto beimDroved. n !

, g
D @ li"t"n again. For the statementsthat you marked false, write
the correctinformation.

C C/ass activity Could the solutionsadoptedin Singaporework

in your city? Why or why not?
Unit2

ffil rou BErHEtuDcE!

A Group t¡¡ork How would you rate the transportation serwicesin
your city? Completethe chaú. Give eachitem a ratins from 1 to b.

1=terrific 2 = good 3 = average(OK) 4 = needsimprovement 5 = terrible

........ lhefroinsyslem . . . . . . . . l osxeir v i c e ........lhebussysiem

forpedeslrions ........ thesubwoy
........focilities syslem . . . . . . .p. o r k i n g

B C/ass activity Explain your ratings to the class.

"We gavetaxi servicea rating of 4. We think the city needsmore

taxis and cheaperfares.Also, taxi drivers should be more polite." Moking
thecitybefier
Suggestwaysto
improvea city.
pl wnmnc Turnto page
tG3.

Write a paragraph about transportation in your city.

Publictransportationis good in my city.We havean excellentbussystem.Thetraffic

movesquickly,exceptat rushhour However,we needmorepublicparkiig. There
aren'tenoughparkingspacesdowntown,so it alwaystakestoo much tíme to frnd a space.

ll sunnsnor

fGnry m¡lnGtic
lHilal¡on mndola tül-lül ca¡lsG¡t
Hon*
Kos, h¡in
l|nagl8rl V*$ieq, Boügkok, SüñSroneisci)"
Sr{,¡?{ $etliñ, Senrdrrj #*lf fl|6irü¡rd *d#f¿r$¡s,#S*
Sourcet Wo d Book Encyclopedia
Talk about these guest ons.
Haveyou used any oÍ these kindsof transportat¡on?
Are thereany unusualforms of transportafionin your city or country?
What kinds of transportationdo you usuallyuse?

l0
 Caughtin the rush

CONVERSATION
A ,,=r,i,l
Listen and practice.

Erica: Excuseme. Could you tell me where the

bank is?
Man: There'sone upstairs, acrossfrom the
duty-free shop.
Erica: Oh, thanks. Do you know what time it opens?
Man: It should be opennow. It opensat 8:00¡.1¡.
Erica: Good.And can you te1lme how often the buses
leave for the city?
Man: You needto checkat the transportation
counter.It's right down the hall.
Erica: OK. And just one more thing. Do you know
rvhereühenearest restroomis?
l,l:-::: Right behind you, ma'am. Seethat sign?
::...-: Oh, Thanksa iot.

B Listen to the rest ofthe conversatron.

: =:s i /) the information that Erica asks for.

lle cost of a taxi to the city f the location ol a cash machine

:re location ofthe taxi stand ¡ the location of a restaurant

Focus
tl zRAMMAR

,,', .:ir r ':i:;l a:.::: ai'¡::1il':.1tl :1,i:a..iii irja :j

Where
¡sthebonk? youlellmewhefefte bonk¡s?
Could
Where
isthefoxislond? Doyouknowwherelheloxi slondis?
. , , . : , , ' , : ' . :, : : l ¡ i l : t ¡¡:a,¡,.arti ir*i!
ar:rn:
Howoftendothebusesleoveforthecily? Conyoulell mehowoflenlhe büsesle0vefol lhe cily?
When didFlight 5óóorrive? DoyouknowwhenFlighl5óóorrived?
Whotlimedoes the dutyJree shop
open? Doyouknowwhollimelhe dufy-free
shopopens?

A Write indirect questions using these Wh-questions.

Then compare with a partner.

1. How much does a newspaper cost? 4. How often do the buses come?
2. Where is the nearest cash machine? 5. Where can you get a good hamburger?
3. What time do the banks open? 6. How late do the nightclubs stay open?

B
Give your own information when answering.

-\: Do you know how often the buses come?

B: Every half hour.

ll
 ,..,t,,' t:,.( ,-t C/

[B enOfV UNCIATION euestionintonation

A ú! fisten and practice.Wh-questionsusually have falirng
intonation. Indirect questionsusually have rising intonation.
-\
What time does the duty-free shop open? Where is the taxi stand?
__--{
Can you tell me what time the duty-free shopopens? Do vou know where the taxi stand is?

B Practicethese questions.Pay attention to questionintonation.

Where is Adam Street?

Could you tell me where Adam Street is?
What time doesthe department store open?
Do you know what time the department store opens?

fil rounrsrs
A Pair work Wlnat worrJda tourist visiting
your city ask about? Think of six questions
about transportation, accommodations, sightseeing,
and othe¡ services in your city.

B Group work Take turns asking and answering

your ques ons.

A: Can you tell me where the GoldenPavilion is?

B: Let me think. Oh. yes,it's . . . .

t2
 Caughtin the rush

READING 'l''.4"'t"''":t'¡''

Mtuaw
What to do

Manvneooleare upsetwhen their flight is delayed'- Notonly do

theviaveio chansetheir schedulebut even$ors€t they halr to
waii in an airportl There'sno needto be upsel'though'airporfs
are much better placesfhesedaysthan most peoplerezurze'
. Belief:Airportfoodis bad-
asbadasairPlanefood.
. Reality:Airportshavefine
intemationalcuisine- ftomftesh
seafoodin Londonto Kore¿n
barbecue in Honolulu.AndYou . Belief:Air?orlsmakePeople
canstockuPonsomething to
- uncom{oruble a¡rdtense.
have-forlater for examPle,
cheeseandcaviarin Paris. . BelieftShopoinq in airpoísis ' Reality:TheairpotlaIHonolulu
$eat.thaii, if vóuneeáaT-shin. -, ' hasgeaceful gardens Pittsburgh
'i *'l - tuu
h,¡sá medit¡tionroom:
¡ me¿it¿tion Whenyou
foom:When V0
. Reality:ln Amsterdam' yox musiccomes
walrin,relaxing
canbuyanyhing trompefume onandpictures ofclouds are
todiamonds. fir ElPaso. Texas. oroi..ridonttr. *rttr. tf you
youcanbuyandque knivgs ot irr.iere*ercise,hotels a the
re$onalart.Theaa aimorts in Angeles,
Los Dallas,
interesting thatsome people lly othercities fitness
have
anámany
toElPaso iustto úe
visit alrport centersthatanyone canuse.
sallerr.AndSingapore's airport
i. r.n,i* tát s,it! oftne¡ist So,thenexttimeyou'restuckin
rftópirg i" tf,. *"rtd! anairpofl,havesomefun!
'
-1..1,
l,,r
,,) -
i\
Write
A Read the article. In which airport can you do the following? \ r , ^ l, \'r
the letter of the correctPlace. ¡ \t rllr
!l

a. Amsterdam
1.
b. Dailas
c. SingaPore
o,
d. Honoluiu
4.
e. Pittsburgh
'- ,
f. El Paso
o.

B Group work Talk about these questions'

prefer to
1. Which airport mentionedin the article would you
wait in? Why? I . r. I I
,. il.f"";""" flight-is tlelayerl'What would you prefer to do: eat' shop'
or relax? AnY-thing else?
l3
 Va4'1s*2LL
ll WOnD POWER Housesandapartments
A Theseadjectivesare used to describehousesand apartments.
Which words are positive?Which are negative?
Write P or N next to eachword.
"'"¡ c
l;t-

dingy

nn qLr(
B Pa¡r work TeIl yo'tt partner two positive and two negative
features about your houseor apartment.

"My apartment is very dark and a little cramped.However,it's in

a safeneighborhoodand it's very private."

t
\l
'
ll ,t \a,,1 r- ft(., L v:L.,t
€nau .=1,,,
CONVERSATIQN Apartment.huntits. l
'\'i"t-'\ i u'attÑ
' ¿ ' -' t d ' ¿ O ri¡ ;z r a
A ú,Q rirt"" andpractice. . lff
Mr. Dean: What do you think?
Mrs. Dean: WeIl, it has just bedroomsas
the last apartment. And the livi¡g . ,-12
room is huge. ¿JL ncta " "
Jenny: But the bedroomsare !06 small.
And there isn't enoughclosetspace
for my clothes.
Mr. Dean: And it's not as cheapas the last
apanmenf, we saw.
Mrs. Dean: But that apartment was dark and dingy.
And it was in a dangerousneighborhood.
Mr. Dean: Let's seeif the real est4e agent
- has
somethingelseto show uil\

ffiii; B @ ristentotheDeans ralkabout

"f#li;i,
apartment.What doesJenny like about it? r'." i
What doesn'tshe like? '¡iLL
l4
c.l e:i ¿'i¿,
 ' Timefor a change!

Focus
El ennmMAR j,, ii:'''

EvoIuol¡onswilh adjectives EvoluotionswithUguns,' /

Thekifchenisn'lbigenough. oren'lenough
There bedrooms,
Thel¡vingroom isloosmoll. Thereisnl enoughcloselsp0ce.
^,,.h1 -
#--,;'t:-- - -- Ls /'
Composonswilhodjectives w¡Íhnouns..
eomporisans

I |rs nofoscheoo0slheloslop0rtmenf, 0sthelosl0p0rlmenl.

ll doesn'lh0ve0s monfbedrooms
|lsolmos|0sche0p(0sthe|0sl0por|menl)'||h0siUs|0sm0nybedrooms(osthe|0s|0por|men|

¡1
ll
r A Readthe opinions about these apartments.Then rephrase the opinjons,rri,tg^- , -.
'i -"'r ':il'
,
I rhe words in parentheses. t l'
'7^
- ln .,,t
1
-t

smallapartment (
Older,
;ffiffi:)'t;tñ,il,iüü*o {
downtown, train;/
bythecommuter
1 parking $800Permonth.
space;
{
.--)

Apartment I Apartment 2
1. There are only a few windows. (not enough) 5. It's not spaciousenough. (too)
2. It's not bright enough. (too) 6. It's too old. (not enough)
3. It h¿s only one bathroom. (not enough) 7. It isn't quiet enough. (too)
4. It's not convenientenough. (too) 8. There'sonly one parking space.(not enough)

"There aren't enoughwindows."

B W"it" comparisonsof the apartrnentsusing the words below and os .

Then comparewith a partner.

Apartment 1 Apartment 2
hrioht big Apartment1 isn'tas brighta5Apartment2.
bedrooms expensive
bathrooms modern

C Pair work Compareliving in an apartment to living in a house.

Which would you prefer to live in?

A: A houseis not as expensiveas an apartment.

B: Yes,but an apartment is too small for a large family.
l5
 Unit3

ffi enOruUNCLATIOIIIsenrence
srress
'
A d¡7' Li.t"n und practice.Stressthe worrls in a sentencethat
carry the most important information.
., ,,-l
The apártment isn't big enough. There lren'l enoughclósets.
The kitchen is tóo cramped. There isn't enoughlight.

B Pair wo¡'k Practicethe sentencesyou wrote in part A of Exercise3.

Pay attention to sentencestress.

ffi rrsrelvrrc
ffi:i& ACheck
@ li"t"n to three peoplecall about apartment advertisements.
(/) the words that best describeeachaoartment.

,/ l. Z quiel Bnoisy 2. n spocious Bsmqlt 3. n expensive

dreosonoble
v E'spociousn cromped Zionvenienf n inconvenienl Bsofe n dongerous
n modern. Eold E'qu¡et n noisy Bdork n lighl
i ,'i i lX
f. g _li.r-,r.¡'¡
a- |4,
.rj,,
(Lr^,
^/
;jSiV B E¡' Listen again. Do you think eachcaller is golng ro ren¡
D
the apartment?Why or why not?

ffi smnsaor
Gofimon
t'-
ADgur l'+fr:,iii,fl:
rlrErr Lfvgs
add more hours to every day
r-¡t

changemy aPPearance improve my personality

move to a new place '

-l^ enio' rife rnara

sobactrtoschoot E aO)r
?-"CS¿ .-:'". ....
becomeheatrhter
\
get a different iob

Basedon interviewswith adultsbetween18 and 50

Talkabout these questions,
Whichof thesethingswouldyou liketo do? Give someexamples.
Whatotherthingswouldyou liketo changeaboutyourlife? Why?

ló
 ...'' -:.',., il ..''
- 11.,a. "
Time for "a change!

L CONVERSATION Makinswishes
A !1': Listen and practice.
. t.
ttli
Brian: So where arelyou
DO Wnere wor
are vóu woTKlng now, rerryl ¡ i lLl
Oh, I'm still'at the bank. I don't like it, though.
Brian: That's too bad. Why not?
Well, it's boring, and it doesn'tpay very well.
Brian: I know what you mean. I don't iike my job
9ü1rer.I wish I could find a betterjob.
Terry: Actually. I don't want to work at all anymore.
I w i s h I h a d a . l o Lo f m o n e ys o I c o í l d r e t i r e n o w .
Brian: Hmm, how old are you, Ter-ry?
Uh, twenty-six.

E - What other
Listen to the rest ofthe conversation.
changeswould Brian and Terry like to make?

L GRAMMARFOCUS
Fact Wish
I don'llikemyiob, I wish(thol)| couldfind0 betterjob.
I wishI workedsomewhere else.
I livewithmyporenls. I wishI livedin myownoportmenl.
lwishldidn'llivewilhmyporenls.
Lifeisrdifficult. I w¡shil were"eosier.
I wishit weren'lsodifficult.
'Affe¡wish,wereis 0sadwithl, he,she,otd il.

\\'rite a response using zulsb for each statement. Then compare

*ith a partner. (More than one answer is possible.)

1 . My classis boring. 5. I'm notin goodshape. I

) I have to take the bus to 6. I'm single.
rvork every day. 7. I don't have enoughmoney.
J . O u r a p a r t m e n ti s t o o s m a l l . 8. I don't have any
-{. I have too much homework. free time.

lwish my classweremoreinterestíng.
I wíshthat I couldtake anotherclass.

17
 Unit3

p rrsrewNc
"^i,"-$ A e;l ¡i.r"n to four peoptetalk aboutthings rheywi
D 't'u"*"'
Check(/) the topic eachpersonis talking about. \${ "o"Id

4. [] inieresls
E{ppeoronce
f..---_-_....-
Findout aboutyour
classmates'
wishes.
""RFD B @ u"t"nagain.What.tr"i!"..torru-*.-u.h Tumto page
\), ,) AilJ
person like to make? Why? ,t"' -fOlAL tG4.

@ nme FoRA cHANcE

A What do yo,r wish were different about these situations?
Write down your wiqlre!. Then compare with a partner.

your schoolor iob

l. Your nom?
¿rt=ürÍiestím:
B Group work Choosetwo of your wishes
from part A. Take turns talking about your wishes
and how you would make the necessarychanges.

A: I wish I could changemy job.

B : Really?
A: Yes.I'd like to be a musician.
C : A musician?Wow!
A: I'd like to play the guitar in a rock band.
I coqld take guitar lessons.A¡d then . . .

fil wnmrue ,/r/Cñ\

A Write about one of your wishesfrom Exercise10.

I takeclasses
sll day,and I
jo.h in theeuening,
ho-v-e.a...p,ort::time At fiom¿,I spend
fhe houselld
to ha_vem,qre.tim.e o-qtwith my frtends.
le req.d..,snd,.gp

B Pair work Take turns reading your compositions with a

partner. Give your partner suggestionsfor making the change.

l8
 Time for a change!

READING

t theageof 40,TomBlochwastheheadof H&R

Block,a hugecompany thathelpspeople
preparetheirta\ foms. Hewasverysuccessfrú.
-lJthoughBlochearneda lot of money, hewasn'tvery
happv:Hespentt00muchtimeatworkanddidn'thave
enough timeto spendwifr hisfamily.Suddenly heleft
H&RBlock¿ndbecame ¿teacher in a poor
neighborhood. "I wantedto . . . helppeoplewhodiúr't
hoe dreopportunities I had,"Blocherplained.
leamingto controlthestudents washardatfirst.But
t rherervards - helpingchildrenandhearingstudents
savhe'stheirfavoriteteacher- aregre¿t.AndBlochis
':' ' 'ior elevenyears,TomNealeworkedasa larwer,
ableto spendmoretimewithhisfarnily. I ''', andhiswife,Mel,workedasa teacher;theysaved
,, everypemytheycoüld.Finally,theyhadenough
moneyto buya boat.Thatwasseventeen yearsago,
and,exceptfor occasional stops,theyhavebeen¿tsea
eYersmce.
FortheNeales andtheirtwodaughters, thedifficulties
of theirlifestyleareveryreal:There'snotmuchmoney,
somealsareoftenricea¡dbeans(andfish!).Storms
aredangerous, especiallywhentheboatis far ftom
1a¡d.ButTornNealesaysovercoming dangers togefter
is
asa family oneof therewards of theirway of life.
Another, hesays,is "seeing thestarfishon thebottomof
theseain themoonlieht."

A Readthe article. What do these peopledo now?What is one difficulty

'.iith their new lifestyles?What is one reward? Completethe chart.

l. TomBloch
2 . t h eN e o l e s. .. . . . .

B I - ;;: ,¡t ;¡1,i1Talk about these questions.

\Vho do you think made the more difficult change in lifestyle, Tom
Bloch or the Neales? Explain your answer.
2 \\Iould you like to be one ofthe Neales' children? Why or why not?
3 \Ihat are some reasons people - those in the article and others - change
their lifestyles?
\\'ould you like to change your lifestyle? If so, how?

l9

t
 I$ IWFffiWHW
Wlffi}l
ll sunesnor

'i
A traditionaldish
maoe0roncK Crispyfriednoodles Chickensoupwith íaw sealooü ma.rma¡eo
I beans,garlic, with shrimpand pork-filled in limeiuiceandchiü
spices,andpork. chicken. dumplings. DCDDEIS.

Sources:Fodor'sSout/,Ameica, Fodor'sSoutheastAsia,
falk about these qr¡esfro¡ts'Ilrcs World Book Enclcl oped¡a

Haveyou ever tried'anyof these dishes?Which oneswould you like to try?

What other ethnic food can you try in your city?
What are threepopular dishesín your country?

pl couveRsArrov ."..'lM
('"'
A Q/ Listen and practice.
.,' .1','
Kathy: Hey, this soundsgood- snails with gprlic!
Have you ever eaten snails? ,^ [ cÁ.'
t"
John: No, I haven't. !
Kathy: Oh, they'redelicious!I had them last tirqe-
Like to try some? ,,( r*
John: No, thanks.They sound.strange. ü'
Waitress: Have you decidedon an appelizer yet?
Kathy: Yes.I'lI havethe snails.please. u
Waitress: And you. sir?
John: I think I'II have the fried b¡ails.
Kathy: Fried brains?Now that really
soundsstrange!
lr

ffiiiD How
B Ei'rl
. Í . ,Listen
. ,
to the rest of the conversation.
drd John Irke Lhelned brains?What else
did he order? t'
,'ltra
ffi
20
 l've never heard of that!

PRONUNCIATION Reduced
forms
J,i Listen and practice.Notice how did you
and have you are pronouncedin these questions.

Did you skip breakfast this morning?

Did you cookyour own dinner last night?
Have you ever tried Indian food?
Ilave you ever eaten snails?

Focus
Q annmMAR
S¡mple past:completed evenÍs Prcsenlperfecl:evenlswilhino
ot d deÍin¡tet¡mein thepost timeperiodup to thepresenl
Didyoueolsnoils loslnighl? H0vevouevefeolensnoils?
otlhereslouront

Didyougooulfordinner
onSolurdoy? Hovevoubeenfoo French reslouront?
Yes,I did. Yes.I hove.
I wenllo 0 Koreqn
reslouronl
lostweek. l'venever reslouronl.
beenfoo Greek

A Completethese conversations.Then practicewith

a partner. (Seethe appendixfor help with verb forms.)
\
1. A: Haveyou ever ....Ll€.¿'^.fte) to a picnicat
the beach?
B: yes,I l_lir¿ . Ir was fun!

2. A: Did you :ATl'e- (have)dinner at home last

night? ,. ¡ ,1
'{.
e, Ño-;i. &-cl..14 . r t LrQ¡¿..--(so) out for dinner.
,t

3 . A : H a v e y o u. . . ( . . . : ' . . ){. t. r. y ) s u s h j' ?

B: No, Li:A!!*.i l-, but I'd like to.

+. A: Didyou.iilod!- (have)
¡""l,iilrn,"
mornine? I
B : y e s , L . . - 4 . ¡ t . .. . r . . . ! . \ ? . t e a t r a h u g e
breakfast.
'
. c-t|..' '
D. A : Have you ever !'rl]!11-,.r(eat) at a Mexican
restaupant?,
B : Yes,Li..C.l.r1..,..
. The foodwas delicious!

B Pair lvork Take turns asking and answeringthe questions

-n part A. Give your own information. Pay attention to
:he pronunciation of did you and have you.

21
 Unit4

ff rrsreNrNc
""ffiiDE/ Listen to six peopleask questionsabout food and drink rn a
restaurant. Check(/) the item that eachpersonis talking about.

1. n ¡rater 2. n coffee 3. n soup 4. n coffee 5. n cake 6. n the check

n bread n the meal n pasta n the meat n coffee n the menu

fl eusraoDrEs
Pair work Ask your partner these questionsand four more
of your own. Then ask foilow-up questions.
Didyou...? - Haueyou euer- - . ?
make your own breakfast this morning tried frog's legs
go out for dinner last week been on a diet
eat a big lunch yesterday cookeda large dinner for somefriends

A: Did you make your own breakfast this morning?

B: Yes,I did.
A: What did you make?
B: I made scrambledeggs.
Risky
business
out someinteresting
FiYrd
factsaboutyour
fi wonD PowER cookinsmethods classmates.
Turnto page
A How do you cookthese foods?Check(/) the methodsthat rc-5.
are most commonin your country Then comparewith a partner.

tr
..'ffi
fl

iÉe-=bake fry roast barbecue

fish shrimp eggs chicken beef

boke n n n n !
fry n tr n n n
roost n n tr n tr
boil u tr n n n
borbecue n n ! n n
steom u n ! n tr

B What's your favorite way to cook the foods in part A?

A: I usually like to steamfish.

B: I prefer to bake it.

22
 I've neverheardof that!

@ conveRsArroN
A E,''li Li"t"n and practice.

Kate: What's your favorite snack?

Jim: Oh,fit's.asandwichwith peanut butter, honey,and
a bénana.It's really delicious!
Kate: Ugh! I've never heard of that! How do you maJ<eit?
Jim: Well, first, you take two slicesof bread and spread
peanut butter on them. Then cut a banana into
sma.llpiecesand put them on one of the slicesof
bread. Finally, pour somehoney over the bananas
and put the other slice ofbread on top. Yum!
Kate: Yuck! It soundsau{ul!

g *O Listento the rest ofthe conversation.

)
\\}at is Kate's favorite snack?Would vou like to trv it?
\\hy or why not?

pl ennmmnR
Focus
tirst,spreodpe0nulbutleronlwoslicesof breod.
fñsn culo bon0no intosmollp¡eces.
lleÍ, puflhepiecesof bonono 0nonesliceof bre0d.
Afrerlh0l,pourhoneyoverlhebon0n0s.
tin0lly,pultheolhersliceof breodonlop.

A H"re's a recipefor barbecuedkebobs.Look at the pictures

a¡d number the sentencesfrom 1to 5. Then add a sequence
adverbto eachsten.
o
put the meat and vegetableson
I the skewers.
tn0s put charcoalin the barbecueand
light it with lighter fluid.

. take the kebobsoff the barbecueand enjoy!

_ put the kebobson the barbecueand
_ cookfor 10 to 15 minutes, turning them
over from time to time.
cut up somemeat and vegetablesand
put them in a bowi with your favorite
barbecuemarinade. Marinate for 20 minutes.

B Pairwork Cover tinerecipeand Iook only at the pictures.

Explain eachstep ofthe recipeto your partner.

23
 Un¡t4

l0 TEMPTING SA'ACKS
""RiiD
A Q9l Listen to peopleexplain how to make these snacks.
Which snack are they talking about?Number the photos(1-4).

B Pa i r u¡ork Chooseone of the recipesyou heard about in part A.

Can you rememberhov¡to make it? Comparewith your partner.

C Group work 'Iake twns describing how to make your favorite

snack.Then tell the classabout the most interesting one.

A: What's your favorite snack?

B: It's,...
C: Whát ingredients do you need to make it?
B: Youneed. . . .
A: How do you make it?
B: Well, first, you . . . . After that, . . . . Next, . . . . Then . . . .

lll wnmuG Recipes

A Write a recipefor an interesting dish. First, list the
ingredients you need.Then describehow to make the dish.

B Group work Exchange recipes and read them. Is there a recipe you would like to try? Why?

24
 I've never heard of that!

1 rc¿,uva
-l

Ejr -l ¡'J
, .l \,l
-- | lLJf '
.11-"i-
¡t¡l!ñ- ,'

hl professional sports teams have recently added

aEf member to their organization - a nutritionist.
Ibr's becauseathletes have become aware that food
úcrs performance. You don't have to be an athlete
¡ lodce rhis effect. Ifyou've ever skipped breakfast
d rhen rried to clean the house, you know that
¡m oeed food for energy. Here are some tips about
cring ro increaseyour physical performance:

A far enoughfood. Your body needsa

I:t .=--::, :,;:nber oicalories eachday.If you're
---c ::-::.. ou'll often feel tired and you'll
: I
- : - :: iúiel) to get sick. A Eat a balanced diet,onethatincludes
complexcarbohydrates, protein,andfat'
A Re¿dthe labelson food products.
l-: ' :r,¡mration will tell you how Use the lood pyramid to helpyou decidehow
----:-,:--usthe foodsare. much to eatof eachtype of food.Complex
carbohydrates providethebodywith "fuel."They
A ti oid eatingfoods that are arefou d in fruits andvegetables,andin bread,
LEh in simplecarbohydrates, rice,pasta,andotherfoodsmadelrorr grains.The
üet is. sugars.A chocolate bodyusesproteinto build muscles,andit useslat to
: -- ..:il tlrst give you energy, absorbthevitaminsin food.Proteinandfat arefound
- - - - -. ir -,i11 lao.'e u¡rr
in foodslike mi1k,cheese, meat,fish,andeggs.Too
- .:-::--Sel en mOretired. much fat. however. canbe harmful.

A -.:...j ¡he article and look at the food pyramid. Then check (/) Tlue or False.
: : = statements that you marked false, write the correct information.

: oiishouldn'l
eotfoodsthoi0rehighin complexcorbohydroles.:,n
:r'ulis ore0 goodsource
ondvege'l0bles 0f profein. lr n
J. A person eofmorec0rbohydrotes
should th0nfolor prolein. nn
toothin,youmighlgels¡ckeosily.
f you're nL-]

Talk about these questions.

¡'hich of the tips in the article do you already follow?

\\hat do you eat in a typical day? Is your diet balanced? What do
'. ou need to eat more of? less of?
Can you think ofa time when eating (or not eating) affected your
' rv? ¡erformance?What happened?

25
 ll now nMEs HAvEcHANcEDt
A Group u¡ork Talk about how family life has
changed in the last fifty years in your country.
Ask and answer questionslike these:

How big were families fifty years ago?

What kinds of hones did peoplelive in then?
What kinds of jobs did men use to have?-
And what about women?
How were schoolsdifferent?
How much did peopleuse to earn?
What kinds of machinesand appliancesdid peopleuse?

B Class activity Compareanswers. Do you think

life was better in the old days? Why or why not?

Q arv PLANNERS
A Pair work How would you make your city or town a better placefor
young people?Make suggestions.

A: How would you make the city better for young peopie?
B: Well, there should be more free concertsin the summer.
A: You'reright. And there aren't enoughparks.

B Group work Compareyour ideas.Which suggestionsdo you think

are best?

fl usre NINo
ffiii D @ Listento peopleaskfor inforrnation.Check(/) the correctresponse.

1. fl It s just around the corner. 4 . 4 It's in the shoppingcenter on King Street.

n Yes,it closesat three. n Not until two o'clock.
2.n Yes,it does. o. Ll Yes,in the Fairmont Hotel on Main Street.
n The next one is in ten minutes. n Yes,I do.
On the corner of Main and 15th. o. l By bus.
n At nine o'clockin the morning. ! On the corner of Orange and DeweY.

26
 Rev¡ewof Un¡ts1-4

fl comeurERSHoPPING ror safe:iJiil-

Pair work Look at these ads for computers.Make
::=parisons using as . . . ¿s.Which computerwould you buy?
-Ccmputer 2 isn't as old as computer 1."
¡;:{ry;É:1}
programs.
calt638_t;i;'

UsedIBMcomputer(2 Yrsold)" .l
16MBof memory.20inchscreen.:
$2000.Priceincludestwosoftware !
programs.Call638:7693. ,
--,.'{t**,--, ."-*éi€"-_*.-.,..,¡-*d

fl nome ,ll'l,PRouEMENTS
A ]'Iake a list of five things you wish you could
rhange about your houseor apartment.

B Paír work Cornpareyour lists.

Give at least one reasonfor eachwish.

-{: I wish I had a bigger bedroom.

It's too small for all my things.
B : I know what you mean.
Iwish....

ABottr FooD
E TALKTNG
A Completethe sentenceswith information about food.

1. I hayenevertried ............ food.

2. I have tried .. ... .... ... food,but I don't really like it.
3. The most unusual thing I have ever eaten is .... ... ....
4. The worst food I have ever tried is
5. A dish I have never tried but would like to try is ..
6. I h a v eo l t e nc o o k e d1 . .. . . . . . .

B Pair work Cora;rpare sentenceswith a partner.

Ask and answer follow-up questions.

I've never tried Russianfood.

B: Oh, I have. It's deiicious.
A: What is a commonRussian dish?

C Pair wolk Describehow to make a food that you

like to cook.

"I like to cook. . . . To make it, first you. . . .

Then....Next,...."
27
Jl sunesnor
rpherf people lik. l. d. orr r'erc¡rlion
Enjo. y nature
Dlscover something new I go campmg,
n take langmage,cooking, hiking, or
or sailing lessons ffchinrt

E join an archaeologicaldig n relax at the

beach

Talre an exciting trip

fl üsit a foreign county Stay home
'-/'-
n travel through their L¿--catcnup on reacrrng
o$n country by car ,' n fix up or redecorate
or train the house

frcm U.S.News and world Repoñand AmericanDeñogaphics

Basedon ¡nformation
Complete t rese tasks,
Whichof theactivitiesabovedoyou liketo do on vacation? Check(/) theactivities.
you liketo do on vacation.Thencomparewitha partner.
Makea listof otheractivities

pl couveRsAnou
A Q! risten and practice

Julia: I'm so excited!We have two weeksoff!

What are you going to do?
Nancy: I'm not sure. I guessI'11just stay home.
Máybe I'll catch up on my reading.
What about you? Aly plans?
Julia: Well, my parents have rented a condominium
in Florida. I'rn going to take long walks along
the beachevery day and do lots of swimming.
Nancy: Soundsgreat!
Julia: Say,why don't you comewith us?
We have plenty of room.
Nancy: Do you mean it? I'd love to!

B Ctass activity Have you ever taken a vacation

at the beach?What kinds ofthings can you do there?

28
 Goingplaces

n GRAMMARFOCUS

',"'here yougoíngf0 g0? f'mgoinglo gofofhe l'm nofsure.Moyüel'll colci t¡pon my

ofe beoch,
reoding.
going
l'mnot lo tokeo vocolion. I probobly won'tlokeo v0cotion thrsyeor.
r'¡':: oreyougoingl0 d0? l'mgoinglo dololsofswimm¡ng.I guess l'll juslsloyhome.
ldon'lknow. ltiink l'llgocomping. t-
..,,,.',/ ,
¡' ''
i.'zI
A ,:eplete the conversation with appropriate forrns of
: .-.! to or rulll. Then compare with a partner.

I
(.< ilQt'

¡11rrr/C{-

,'l

t) How are you going to spend your next vacation?

-{re you going to go any'where?
\\hen are you going to take your vacation?
...
I'mgoingto takemy nextvdcaüon
OR
/ How long are you going to be on vacation?
\\hat are you going to do? l'm not sure.Maybel'll . . . .
Is anyone going to travel with you?
I

C .. '. r,, i',: r ii,'. Take turns telling the group about your vacation plans.
b - se the information you wrote in part B.

29
 Unit5

Q wnntNG ttineraries
Write about the trip you planned in Exercise 3
or another trip you are going to take.

i with'
t'n goingto travelto lndenesiq
I Ngxt5umme¡
myfamilyWe'regoingto visitBorobodur .in Central
I
temples
lts 6¡¡aof tha.biggest tn the.world.
lJova.
othertenples.
I And we'ltprobablyvisítseverql. nearby. '
I

fl rtsreNINo
"^Rl;D
A Ebl Utt"tt to Judy, Paul, and Brenda describetheir sumrnerplans'
Checi't¿l the correct pieceof information about eachperson'splans'

cullure
is goinglo leornobouf0 differenl
willprobobly counlries
differenl
visilseverol
probobly won'tlokeo vocotion
is goinglo lieonlhebeoch
is goinglo dosomelhing 0nd0 litlled0ngerous
exciling

"*F D B @ ri"t"n ugain What is the main reasonfor eachpersonischoice?

$l wonD POWERrravet
A Completethe chart. Then add one more word to eachcategory'

backpack first-aid kit overnight bag shcirts vaccination

cash hiking boots passport suitcase vlsa
credit card medication plane ticket traveler'schecks windbreaker

B Pair work What are the five most important items you need for these vacations:
a trip to a foreign country? a rafting trip? a mountain-climbing expedition?

30
 Goingplaces

fl coxveRsAnov
A =,, Listen and practice.

I-ac¡: Hey, Mom. I want to backpackaround Europe

this summer.What do you think?
!Ln: Backpackaround Europe?That sounds
dargerous!You shouldn't go by yourself.
\bu ought to go with someone.
[i:.1: Yes.l've thought ofthat.
)f,m: ,\nd you'd better talk to your father first.
L;c-n":I already did. He thinks it's a great idea.
He wants to comewith me!

B C/ass activity Would you like to backpackaround

E=r:pe? Which countrieswould you like to visit? Why?

GRAMMARFOCUS

necessity
)¿scr¡bing Givingsuggesl¡ons
Youhovelo gelo possporf, You'dbelterlolklo yourfolher,
Youmuslgeto visoforsomecounlries. Yououghllo gowilhsomeone.
Youneedlo lokemoney. Youshould lokewormclolhes.
youdon'thovelo getonyvoccinol¡ons,Youshoüldn'l
Forsomecounfries, gobyyourself.

A Give adviceto someonewho is thinking of taking a vacation abroad.

f¡en comoarewith a partner.
-lbu must get a passport."
-1bu shouldn't pack too many clothes."

i. . ..getapassport.
2 . . . . pack too many clothes.
-2
. . buy a round-trip plane ticket.
. . make hotel reservations.
; . . ..getavaccination.
(: . . check the weather.
; . . . . carry lots of cash.
s... . get traveler's checks.
o . . take a lot ofluggage.
. . checkon visas.
1 r ,. . . carryyour wallet in your back pocket.
')
. . take identification with you

B Group work Give four more preces

:f advice.

3l
 Unit 5

pl enorv uNctATlolll oughtto andhave

to
A d! flsten and practice. Notice the pronunciation of ought to
anclhave to in these sentences.

You ought to take a credit card. You have to get a passport.

You ought to go in June. You have to Eet a Yisa.

B Pair wolk Write two sentencesusing ought to and two

sentencesrsing haue úo.Then practice them with a partner.
Pay attention to pronunciation.

@ oneaM UAaATIaN
A Pair u¡ork You won some money in a lottery.
Plan an interesting trip around the world. Discuss
these questionsand others of your own. Make notes.

Where are we going to start from?

What time of the year should we travel?
How are we going to travel?
What countries and cities should we visit?
How long should we spendin eachplace?
Where are we going to stay?
What are we planning to do and seethere?
How much money do we have to take?
What do we needto take with us?

B Group wotk Compareyourp1ans.

Which trip soundsthe most exciting?

fif ftsfe NINGrouristtips

{ffii ) @ A spokesperson from the NewYork City \4sitors and Convention Funvocolions
Bureauis giving adviceto visitors. What are four things people Decidebetweentwo
shoulddoto maketheir visit to NewYorkCitv safeandpleasant? vacations.StudentA
turnsto pagelG6.
StudentB turnsto
pagelG8.

32
 Go¡ngplaces

@ nenonte
Gettingmorefor lesswhen you travel
Ona Íecentllight, Laumwaschattinghappilywith the womanin the next seat- until the
conyersationtumed to fares.the woman,who boughther ticket two monthsin advance,paid $109.
hura paid the ftlI farc of $457. Shedecidedthat nexttlme shewoukl find out how to travel for less.
Eerr are somewaysto travelfor less:
Cheapairplanetickets,To fly for lessmoney,you canbuy
non-refundableplaneticketstwo or th¡eemonthsbeforeyour trip.
The cheapestway to fly is asa courier.In return for deliveringa
packagefor a couriercompany,you get a planeticket that costsas
Iittle as one-quafierofthe regularfare - or evenlessif the company
needssomeoneat the last minute.Recently,a courier flew round
trip from Los Angelesto Tokyofor $100;a regularticketcost
around$ I,800.
Train passes.If you're going to do a lot of travelingby train, a trarn
passwill saveyou money.Buying a singlepassgivesyou unlimited
travelfor a periodof time.Trainpassescanbe especiallyusefulin
lndia, which hasthe world'slargestrail system;in Japan,where
tr¿insarefast andconvenient;and in Europe,wheretrains go to
orer 30,000cities.
Hostels.Hostelsusedto providecheapaccommodations - in
dormitories- for peopleunderthe ageof 25.Nowadays, hostels
don't haveany agerequirements.They'renot only cheap
(S8-$17a night)but a greatwayto meetpeople.Hostelsare
often in interestingplaces- a castlein Germany,a lighthousein
Califomia,a one-roomschoolhouse in thewildernessofAustralia.
And sometimes hostelshaveluxurieslike swimmingpools.
i

A ltr your owr words, restate someof the information from the article using the
¡b¡ases below.

i l- 2óVcof l}..e normal fare

2- 5100insteadof $1,800
"FIy as a courier. You can buy your plane
tichet for one-quarter of the normal fare."
|ls 3. more than 30,000cities
rtlVO
4- ¡'oungerthan 25
-r. )r / or less
)nt A
>6.
sto B Pair work Talk abott these questions.Give reasonsfor your answers.

1- Would you want to travel as an air courier?take a long train trip?

stay in a hostel?
2. What advicewould you give someonewho wants to travel for less in your
country?Which hotels, restaurants, meansof transportation, and stores
would you recommend?

33
 ll sunesnor
Gommon
complaints
of families
with
teenagerc
e don'thellrroünd G dressbadly
andhave
thehoüse. uglyhairctyles.
GFdon'tlistentomyadvice.
e watchtoomüGhIV.
e havestrange friends. e dontstudyenough.
Basedon informationfromAmericaOnline'sParentResourceSite
Talk about frreseguestions.
Haveyou everheardparents Whichónes?
or childrenmakethesecomplaints?
Have you ever hadany complaints
like theseaboutfamilymembers?

Ql cottvensaTlov Making
requests
A @ r,l"t"n andpractice.

Mr. Field: Jason . . . Jason! T\rrn down the TV

a little, piease.
Jason: Oh, but this is my favorite programl
Mr. Field: I know. But it's very ioud.
Jason: OK. I'll turn it down.
Mr. Field: That's better. Thanks.
Mrs. Field: Lisa, pleasepick up your thingg.
They're all over the living room floor.
Lisa: In a minute, Mom. I'm on the phone.
Mrs. Field: OK. But do it as soonas you hang up.
Lisa: Sure. No problem! l
Mrs. Field: Goodness!Were we like this when
we were kids?
Mr. Field: Definitely!

"^RiiD
B Éry1 Listen to the rest of the conversation.
Whaicomplaints do Jason and Lisa have about
their parents?

34
 Sure.No problem!

fl ennmmnRFocus
lYithnouns Withprcnouns nequests andrcsponses
TumdownlheTV. Pleose
lurndownlhemusic.
Turnil down,
TumlheTVdown. 0K.l'll lurnil down.
P¡ckupyourlhings, Pickupyourclolhes, pleose.
Pickthemup.
Piclyourlhingsup. Sure,l'll pickthemup,

A Comptetethe requestswith these words. Then comparewith a partner.

I
./

the radio
f your coat

L.

s & ffi
!D::l

r-
youl boots the yard the trash

:. 6. l¡a nrr +1rr!-

7.
a 8.
+ 9.
t 10.

B Paír work
Pick up the toys, please. (Á¡'o-^
Su¡e. I'11pick them up. T¿lut'v
¿nl, (s( du üurnlu
PRONUNCIATTONStresswithtwo-partverbs Tzc¿ 8,a" l::r*
S>car
A A0 f,irt"n antl practice.Both wortls in a two-part verb receiveequal stress.

Pleasetlrn do¿wnthe radio. T\írn it dotwn. Tzrte,'lf : rlyta"- a-r

pí"t t¡" magazinesrlp, please. Plck them lp. >-¿ a¿-t-
tlt d¿L c)L

B Write four more requestsusing the verbs in Exercise3. ',*n(e auJ ': S¿c¿-¡
Then practicewith a partner. Pay attention to stress. w 0,r¿
35
 Unit6

pl WOnD POWER Househotd

chores
A Find a phrasein the list that is usually paired with each
verb. (Somephrasesgo with more than one verb.) Can you
think of one more phrase for eachverb?

the counter the cat the dry cleaning the faucet the groceries
the mess the oven the garbage the newspapers the towels

cleonoff pulouf
cleonup tokeoul
nongup lhrowoul
pickup lurnoff
puf0w0y * rufn0n

B What requestscan you make in eachof these places?

Write four requestsand four unusual excuses.Use two-part verbs.

the kitchen the living room

the bathroom the bedroom

C Pair wolk Take turns making

the requestsyou wrote in part B.
Respondby giving an unusual excuse.

A: Mark, pleaseclean up your

messin the kitchen.
B : I can't cleanit up right now.
I have to take the cat out for
a walk.
i

ff rtsre NINGExcuses,
excuses/
ffi:i] A @ risten to parentsasktheir childrento dothings.Match
eachconversation with the pictureit describes.
Numberthe
nicturesfrom I to 5.

"i*:i ) B @ list"n again. What excusedoeseachpersongive?

3ó
 e,+lotloz
. Sure.No problem!

ll couveRsArrov ',lLrl,.Ln', áe*(l- otc''-"

A Listen and practice.

George:Hi. I'm your new neighbor,GeorgeRivera.

I live next door.
Stephanie: Oh, hi. I'm StephanieLee.
George:So,you just movedin? Do you need an¡thing?
Stephanie: Not right now But thanks.
George:Well. let me hnqy¡if you do. Um, by the way,
-'--"--woú{-wu mind turning your stereo down?
The walls are really thin, so the soundgoes
right through to my apartment.
Stepha¡rie: Oh, I'm sorry! I didn't realize that. I'll make
' -Ú
sureto keepthe volumedown.Oh, by the
_:ray'is there a good Italian restaurant in
the neighborhood?
George: Yeah. There's a great one a couple of b_J-o-qk¡
from here. T[y their ]asagnu-tt ¿fr.io*i
' ) t¡,,',
io¡ i¿ i.,-'¡c / ? !
B Pair work Has a situation líke the one in part A ever happenedto
¡*ou?What did you do?

APOLOGIES

.po'osize
"' i:ffilT:l;il"|ffilll,if
'l'll
fllr' ""
i mokeonoffer lurnit downrightnow."
\ moke0 promise "l'llmokesureto keeplhevolumedown."
Pmdeohen¡pologi¡e
innoFG
tlanon8way.F0¡examplc,
inExencise gave
a¡ologiz8d, ar cxc[$e¡!dn¡d8a ¡ronise.
¿ Stenhan¡c

A C/ass activity How do people usually apologize in your country?

What do you usually do when you apologize?

B @ l;.t"n to three peopleiomplaining.What are they complaining

about?How doesthe other personapologize?(More than one answeris possible.)

give odmil moke moke

'l:': excuseo m¡sloke onoffer o promise
r. cal in. V,!l A,t' q- r' E-'
2 . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ftl\
..-. n (al) n r (l-ü ,\,
'\,/ ,'
u-{ sa ¡ tr

37
Un¡t6

pl enamntnR
Focus

Modal+ simpleÍom ol verb Woufdyoumind. . ,? + gerund

conyouturnlhestereodown? Wouldyoumindlurninglheslereodown?
wouldyoumindnolclosinglhedoor,pleose?
Couldyouleovelhedooropen,
Wouldyou pleose
pleose?
keeplhenoisedown? Woüldyoumindkeeping thenoisedown?
l"w*
A Match the requestswith the appropriateresponses.
Then comparewith a partner and practice them.
PIKil,
a))',
(More than one answer may be possible.)
I
1 . Could you lend me twenty dollars? ..Ql. . a. We're sorry. We'll talk more qrlietly.
z . Would you,mind picking up a sandwich b. Sorrv.I'II do it risht awav.
t o r m e l .[ .. . . c, Oh, I'm sorry.I didn't $qlize this
a Can you help me move into my new apartment was the non-srnokingsection.
tomorrow?...0. d . Are you kidding? I'm totally broke!
^ Would you mind not smoking her.? ..C,<. e . I'm real1y sorry, but I'm bus&--
Would you pleaEemove yorú car? It's blocking f. Sure, no problem.I'd be,gladto.
my driveway...,Q...
G¡ -aar
6. Would you mind not talking so loud? . ..?--

B Pair work Take turns making the requests

in part A. This time give your own responses.

G Crass activity Think of five unusual requests.

Go around the classand make your requests.How
many peopleacceptedand how many refused?

fr wnmue
A W¡t" a letter to a "rich relative," asking him or her
to lend you somemoney.Explain why you need it and when
you will pay it back.
Thofsno
How goodareyou
at apologizing?
Tumto page
lc-7.

B Pair work Exchangeletters with a partner. Write a reply to your partner's request.

38
 Sure.No problem!

lfi neaowc

"BeforeI camehere,'onechildsaid "l thought

swimming was running through an open fire hydrant."
"Here" is a summercamp that's only an hour from
New York City - but a world away.This camp and four
othersnearbyarerun by the FreshAir Fund.Since1877,
the fund has helpedpoor children from New York City
spendsummersin the country. Each year,over ten
tñousandchildren,ages6 to 18,participatein the
program. Somestay at a camp; otherslive with a host
family. The fund pays for all expenses.
At camp,children
The campsare for 8- to 15-year-olds.
can leam aboutthe stars,seedeer and cows and other
animals,and go hiking,
fishing, andofcourse,
swimming. The children leam responsibility by helping out with chores
like making bedsand waiting on tables.They also leam a lot from
counselors,who are often college studentsfrom aroundthe United States
and ftom other countries.
Host families from thirteen statesand Canadavolunteerto havechildren
spendthe summerwith them. Many of thesefamilies havetheir own
children. The visiting children becomepart of the family. They go with
the family on picnics,to the pool or beach,andon trips.The childrenare
from 6 to 12 yearsold when they make their first visit, and most a¡e
invitedback.Someofthe childrena¡d familiesbecomefriendsfor life.

A Readthe article. Imagine you work for the Fresh Air Fund. A mother wants to
sendher child and calls to ask for inforrnation. How would you answer these
questions?

1. Is the Fresh Air Fund program new?

2. Are the campsfar from New York City?
l 3. What are somethings children do at camp?
4. Doesthe Fresh Air Fund run only summer camps?
ie! 5. Can a 7-year-oldgo to camp?
6. Can a 7-year-oldlive with a host family?
lu
I 7. What are somethings children do with host families?
8. Can a child who lives with a host family go back
for a secondyear?

B Pair work Talk about these questions.Give reasonsfor your answers.

If you were a child in New York City, would you rather

go to a camp or live with a host family?
Would you like to be a counselorat a Fresh Air Fund camp?
How doesthe Fresh Air Fund benefit children?host families?

39
 WMM&r?
ll sunnsnor
Aduances andlechnology
in science halfof thetwentieth
in thesecond century

1957 1962 1972 l9a4 1986 1949

artific¡al industrial video d¡sc
compact DNA WideWeb
World
satell¡te robot game (cD)&GD-RoM "fingerprinting"

Sourcesr lhe UnlvelsáI Almanac, The New Yotk Public Library Source Desk Relerence
Talk about these guesfrons.
Can you explainthe significanceof each of theseadvances?Which
do you think is the most important?the leastimportant?
Which haveaffectedvour life? Which havenot?

Ql conveRsAnou
A Q9i Listen and practice.

Daniel: Hey! Nice computer!What's this for?

Andrea:,That's a modem.It's used to connectthe
computerto the phoneline, so I can
sendfaxes and accessthe Internet.
Daniel: So you can go on-line and aII that?
Andrea: Yes.And I use the World Wide Web
for finding information on astronomy,
movies,UFOs - just about an¡'thing.
Daniel: Sports?Cars? o)
' 1.7)^^Vi
A¡drea: Uh-huh. And I can exchangáinformation
with people,too.-I belongto a "chatgroup"
on astronomy. -,O ? U+g'np,\LC
Danjel: Hmm. Ijust use my computer to write
letters and reoorts.
Andrea: Why don't you get on the Internet?
It's not really expensive.
Daniel: Mavbe I will. It soundslike fun.

ffi:iD B @ ristentotherestoftheconversation.
What else does Andrea use her computer for?

40 t. ,,..i, I
 What'sthis for?

Focus
@ annmmaR

.iin¡l¡ves Gerunds
A modem is usedl0 cornecfcompulersl0 phones.ll's usedfor connecling
c0mpulers l0 phones.
Compulers oreoflenusedl0 wrileletters, They're ottenusedfof wrilingletters,
I conuselheWorldWideWeb|o findinformofion.I conuseif fof findinginformolion.

A $-hat do you know about this technology? Complete the

plrases in column A with information from column B. Then
o.]mparewith a partner. (More than.one answeris possible.)
Xotl'\"
A\B
->
L Sateliitesare used. . . ! studythe world'sweather',
2- Robotsare sometimesused . . . l) pedorm dangeroustasksr
3. \bu can use a fax machine . . . { read the latest weather-
t Peopleuse the Internet. . . report
5, D\A fingerprinting is used . . . 1 transmit telephonecalls
-]
6- CD-ROMis sometimesused .'. . make a photocopy
4 \ -t 5 identify criminals
tl \'l t make travel reservations
1ftransmit television
L programs
) store an encyclopedia

Satellitesare usedfor transmittingtelephonecalls.

Satellitesatreusedtq transmittelephonecalls.

B Group work Take turrrs completingthe phrasesin

coh:ml A with your own information.

PRON UN CIATI ON syttabte

sf,'ess
A 3¡ Where is the stressin these words and compoundnouns?
ilarklhe stressedsyllable.Then listen and check.

reierisionprograms travelreservations li4gerprinting f-axmachine

rrlephone calls w_eatherreport photocopy Internet

B Pa¡r work Practice lhe statementsyou wrote in Exercise3.

Par attention to svllable stress.

4l
 Unit7

pl WOnO POWER rhewortdof computers

A Whrt are three usesfor computersat home?at school?in a factory?in a
restaurant? Complete the chart. Then add two more uses for¡e-achplace.
llt ot't '
tS c >"\t r¡a''* 4
^- communicate with people D create the menu, á create work sc6.¿trL,
1a keep the attend,ance -Ü'Ji¿ g-make budge-ts / b . make report-ca4! s :..t.:, c, t:,rt
a- pay household bills c pay the workers \ place orders tc,'( 2-- onü¿ r)
!, processcredit cards -16A-researchpapers
h t;research papers
' ! C run the machines
t , , , . 1v u

B Group work Compareyour lists with classmates.

Talk about the different usesfor computers.

A: At home, peopleuse computersto pay householdbi1ls.

B: My mother usesours for making budgets.
C: I use mine to communicatewith peopleon the Internet.

ll usrr NrNc
A Pair work How do you think these peopleuse computersin their work?
Make two ql-"j,19".

Sandy Watson is a police officer. Alex Hunt is a psychotherapist. Janet Brown is a nrofessor.
She analyzes crime patterns. He helps people change their She teaches at a meücal
bl!+" ,.,,,1,'r.-].'t

:ffi$r B @ r,istento interviewswith the peoplein part A. Wereyour guesses

correct?

42
 \NÚ((,7'{

I wnveRsAnou \
?,4'L',"
.\l ,

A g_. Listen and practice.

Jxrnife¡; I read the instructions, but I'm still not

su¡e how to use my cellular phone.
Eicha¡d: Actua11y,it's pretty easy.First ofall,
don'tforgetto turn it on. ¿
''"
Jennifer: it!
t(nnrler: Got 1t! aj'!'
Richa¡d: Then dial the number. A¡d rerhember
to pressthe "send"button.
Jen¡ifer: That's all?
Richa¡d: Pretty much. Just make sure to
rechargethe batteries every few weeks.
And try not to drqp it. ft's fragilg.
&nnifer: Goodadwice. ,, t'61¿.,r
Richard: And one more thing: Be sure to pay the
phonebill every month!

B C/ass activity How many advantagescan you

*jnk of for owning a cellular phone? i, " , Qoc;J
t'ut' t
I' o,e-9* ,1,t,,
MAR FOCUS

frfgpl lo lurnil on.

lo press lhe"send" butlon.
sürelo rechorge thebotteries.
ú to dropit.
!re.lo poylhephone billevery
monlh.

I Look at these piecesof advice.Which onesrefer

¡ a microwaveoven(M)? a hair dryer (H)? a
L4nopcomputertLr? lMore than oneansweris
¡s:-ible.) Then think of another piece of advice
fu each thing. O-l,tir¡ ,1, , ' -

l.
, 6.
-f- 7.
4. 8.

B Pair work Take turns giving advicefor using the items above.
Use these phrases.

Don't forget to . Tlyto.... M a k es u r e t o .

Rememberto . Tly not to . . . . Be sure not to .

43
 Unit7

g FREEADVICE
?R=liDA Qi@ Listen to peoplegive adviceabout three of the things below.
Write down the name of eachitem.

motorbike

ATM card personalwatercraft

l.
2.
3.

'"RiiD
B @ li"t"n ugain.Completethe chartwith a pieceof
advice for each item. Then compate answers with classmates.

C Group wolk What do you know about the other items in the
pictures?What advicewould you give to someoneabout them? Good
odvice
Do yougivegoodadvice?
'With a fax machine,rememberto put the documentfacedown." StudentA turnsto page
lG9. StudentB turns
to pagelC-10.

fr wnmue
Choosea useful item that you own. Imágine you're
going to lend it to a friend. Write a paragraph giving
adviceon how to use it.

It's 44sy to u5emy fax machine.First, plug it intp

an electricaloutlet.Thenconnectit to a phoneline
and turn it on. Remember
to put the document
Thendial the person\number.. . .
facedown.

44
 What'sthis for?

lfl neaowc

F¡eople usedto knowmoreorlesshowtheir

Pchildren wouldlive.l'lowthingsarechanging
I soquicklythatwedon'tevenknowwhatour
ownliveswill belikein a fewyears.
Whatfollows¡s
os
fiction,lt'showexperts
notscience seethefuture,
You're
daydreamingbehindthewheelofyourcar,but
pilot,andwithits
üat's0K.Youhaveit onautomatic
high-tech
computers yourcar"knows"
andcameras,
howto getyouhomesafely,
You'rehungry,soyouheadforthekitchenass00nas
yougethome, Youorderedgroceries
bycomputer an What'sforlunch?Intheolddays,youusedtoslopotfto
hourago,andyouknowthatbynowthey've arrived. buya hamburgerpizza.
or Nowyouuseyourdiagnoslic
Yourkitchenhasa two-way whichopens
refrigerator, machine tofindoutwhichfoodsyourbodyneeds.You
totheoutside You've
deliveries.
to accept already paid findoutyouneedmorevegetables andlessfat.Your
forthefoodby having
the money subtractedfromyour machine
food-preparation makes youa salad'
bankaccount. Nobodyusescashanymore. Afterlunch,yougodownthehallt0 yourhome
youneedfor
office.Hereyouhaveeverything
doingyourwork.Thankst0 yourinformation
screen andyournewcomputer,youalmost
go
never intotheofficeanymore.
Theinformation showsanurgent
screen
messagefroma co-worker in Brazil.
Youset
thescreentolranslate
Portugueseinto
¡ice? Asyouwait,youthinkaboutlater,
English.
age whenyou'llhavea movietransmitted.What
NS movieshouldyou order
tonight?

A G/ass activity In yout own words, tell about a change

mentionedin the reading in eachof these areas'

1. transportation 4. work
2. food 5. communications
3. money 6. entertainment

B Pair work Talk aboutthese questions.Give reasonsfor your answers.

1. Which of the changessoundsthe most interesting and useful?Are there any

changesthat you don't like?
2. Imagine you could invent a machinethat would make life
easier and better. Describethe machine.
45
 ffir$ffift[ilrül
ffi srunesHor

'Chilüen's
Chinese
NewYear Day In 0ctoberin Canadr
Jarruaryor Yalentine's
Day (formerly Bo}ts'Dey) Day of the Dead ¿ndin November in
February February14 Mw5 Noaember2 UnitedStates,peoph
Chinesepeople Peoplein manycountdes Japanesefamilies put Mexicanfamilies celebr¿te
thehan'eÍ
-lqlehraie with givechocolates,fl owers, up coloredstrg¿mqrs offer food to the bypreparing ahf
firecrackers or iewehTto the shapedlike fish, in honor deadand then have meal.Theyusualll
andlion dances. person t\ey love. of their children. a mealin a cemetery. serve roastturkeJ.

I ..; t. i Soúrcei Reader's D¡gest Book oÍ

Talk about these guesfions. . . t^n
Do you have holidayssimilarto thesein your country?
. ,.,..t..
What other specialdays do you have? What'syour favoriteholidayor festival?
i.,,..l'

ffi fAfOnOPOWER cetebrations

Fair.war|< Completethe word map. Add two more words to eachcategory.
Then comnarewith a oartner

anmversary
cake
cards
champagne
dancing
fireworks
flowers
parade
party
presents
roast turkey
wedding ..riv&)................
...
l- lrt ulLrLl\¿
''''D
i
/f,!/VU^t1)

46
 lnd'n Let's celebrate!

I conveRsAnov )9t"
A Et Listen and practice.

Leo: Did you know next week is Halloween?

It's on October 31.
\amsha: So what do you do on Halloween?
We don't have that holiday in Russia.
l,eo: Well, it's a day when kids dress up in
Él
- masks and coslumes.TheY krock on
tJl - people'sdoors and ask for candy by ) \''"
tl saying the words "Tlick or treat!"
\atasha: Hmm. Soundsinteresting.
Leo: But it's notjust for kids. Lots ofpeople have
I - c.99tu11e parties. Hey . . . my friend Pete
iJlavlng a party. Would you liké to go?
\atasha: Sure. I'd love to.
da
rthe B G! Listen to the rest ofLheconversaLion. What are
!le Leo and Natasha going to wear to the Halloweenparty?
ü; á (.('o,,- -'.
h & t-t-' , -l C. t-t

GRAMMARFOCUS
:,.-
Holloweenis0 doywhenkidsinlheUniled
Sloles ondcoslumes'
dressupin mosks
November observe
2 ¡sfie doywhenMexic0ns lheDoy0flhe Deod.
Follisüe seqson whenpeople $ofesondConodo
¡nlheUniled lhonksgiving.
celebrole

A How much do you know about these days and months?Completethe sentences
in column A with information from column B. Then comparewith a partner.

B
lr li
Eveis a nightwn"t
1 . NewYear's ! I Brazilians celebrateCarnival,
i
2 . April Fools'Day is a day when a ...! b. peoplelike to "party."
I 3. MavDayisadaywhen..9.. t/' c . the French celebratetheir revolution.
4 . Valentine's-Dayis .daf wh¡r, -- d. peopleplay tricks on friends.
II 5 . July 14 is the day when .....Y
{,
e . peoplein many countrieshonor workers.
I 6. February is the month when .ñ-:. )-' f . peoplegive presentsto the onesthey love.

B Completethese sentenceswith information of your own.

Then comnarewith a partner.

1. Winter is a season. . . . I
[.'.. '^At r
2. Springis a time of the year .
3. Mother'sDay is the day . . . .
4 . A b i r t h d a yi s a d a y . . . .
5. A wedding anníversaryis a time . . . .
47
 Un¡tI

[f rrsreMNc
ffiii} @ viu"has just returnedfromBrazil.
Listen to him talk about Carnival.
Take notesto answer these questions.

What is Carnival?
How long doesit last?
When is it?
What is the best part about it?
Wliat is the samba?

El oruceAYEAR
A Pair work Take turns asking
and answeringthese questions
and others of your own.

What's the most interesting holiday

or festival in your country?
When is it?
How do peoplecelebrateit?
Do you eat any specialfood?
What do you like most about it?
What else do peopledo?

B Cfass activity Give a short talk

about an interesting holiday or festival.
Answer any questionsyour
classmatesmay have.

ll wnmnc
A Write about your favorite holiday or festival.
What usually happens?What do you usually do?

B Pair work Readyour partner's composition.Do you have any questions?

48
 Let's celebrate!

Ee,¡weRsArtoN
I E' Listen und practice.

fiI: \bu look beautiful in that kimono, Mari.

Is this your wedding photo?
Ia¡i: \es. it is.
Ji]I: Do most Japanesewomen wear kimonos
rshenthey get married?
lla¡i: \-es,many ofthem do. Then after the
rveddingceremony,the bride usuaily
changesinto a Westernbridal dress
during the reception.
Jill: Oh, I didn't krow that.

B E¡ Listen to the rest of the conversation.

T¿}ienotesto answerlhesequesLions.

trúere was Mari's

n-eddingheld?
\\-ho attended the
s'edding ceremony?
trhat happened
at the reception?

fl srressandrhythm
enOruUNCIATIOI\I
A q/ listen and practice.The words with the most important
information in a sentenceare usually stressed.

When w6men get márried in Japán, they lsually w6ar kim6nos

After the wódding c6*"-ony, they chánge into Wdstern cl6thes.

B É:al Pair u¡ork Mark the stressin these sentences.Listen and check.
Then-practicethe sentences.

Halloweenis a day when children go "trick-or-treating."

On Thanksgiving Day, Americanseat turkey and cranberry sauce.
When peoplehave birthdays, they usually get presentsfrom friends.
June is a month when many young peoplelike to get married.
49
Un¡tI

Focus
ffr enamMAR
Before0 J0p0nese coüplegefsmoÍied,iheysendwedding 0nnouncemenls.
Whenlheygel m0rried,lheyusuolly
weorkimonos.
Aflerlheyfsrurnffomlhe honeymoon,
theymoveinlolheirownhome.

A Readthis information about marriages in North America.

Match the clausesin column A with information from column B.

B
1 . Before a man and a woman a. the newlyr,veds usually live on their own.
getmarried,........ b. she usually wears a white wedding dress.
Beforethe man getsmarried,.. ... c. they usuallydateeacholher for a year or so.
.1. When the womangetsengaged, ....... d. his male friends often give him a
' ,'| When the woman gets married, .. .... .. bachelor party.
After the couplegetsmarried.... .. e- her female friends often give her a
6. AÍter they return from their bridal shower.
hone¡rmoon,........ I. there'susually a wedding reception.

B Pair work Whathappens when people get married

in your country?Add-your own information to the clauses
in column A. Pay attention to rhythm and stress.

Oncein o bluemoon
How do yourclassmates
ffl mnnnrAcE
cusrons celebratespecial
events?Turnto
Group work Talk about marriage customsin your pagelc-1 1.
country.Ask these questionsand others of your own.

How o1dare peopleusually when

they get married?
Is there an engagementperiod?
How long is it?
Who pays for the wedding?
Who is invited?
Where is the wedding ceremony
usually held?
What happensduring the ceremony?
What do the bride and groom
usually wear?
fs there a receptionafter the ceremony?
What type offood is servedat
the reception?
What kinds of gifts do people
usually give?
Wheredo coupleslike to go on
their hone¡.rnoon?
How long is the honeymoon?

50
 Let'scelebrate!

@ neaoruc

cees€ems
UcEEqBEe

S Jantary17is St. Anthony'sDay in Mexico. famíliesmeetfor parties,whichlastuntil the

It's a daywhenpeopleaskfor protectionfor their
animals.Theybringtheir animalsto church.But
beforethe animalsgo into the church,the people
usuallydressthemup in flowersandribbons.
@ On August15ofthe lunarcalendar, Koreans
celebrate Chusokto givethanksfor theharvest.
It's a daywhenpeoplehonortheir ancestors by
going to their gravesto takethem food andwine
andcleanthegravesites. Also on Chusok,a big
mealwith moon-shaped rice cakesis eaten.
Oneofthe biggestcelebrations in Argentinais
NewYear'sEve.On theeveningofDecember
3 l, familiesgettogetherandhavea big meal.At
midnight, fireworks explodeevery'whereand
continuethroughoutthe night. Friendsand
nextmormng.
j,j Long agoin India,a princesswho needed
helpsenthersilk braceletto an emperor
After he helpedthe princess,the emperorkept
the braceletasa sign of.the loyalty between
them.Todayin India, during the festivalof
Rakhi, menpromiseto be loyal to their women
in exchange for a braceletof silk, cotton,or
goldthread.
fJ on the eveningof February3, peoplein
Japanese familiestakeonedriedbeanfor each
yearoftheir agea¡d throw the beansaround
theirhomesandshrines,shouting"Goodluck in!
Evil spiritsout!" This is knownas"Setsubun,"
a time to celebratethe endof winterandthe
beginningof spring.

A Read the article. Make five correct sentences using an item

from each column.

A B C
On January 17, people in Japan visit the gravesof their ancestors.
During Rakhi, people in Argentina bring their animals to church.
On Chusok, men in India stay up all night.
On New Year'sEve, people in Mexico celebratethe end of winter.
On February 3, people in Korea promise loyalty to their women.

B Pair work Ls therc a holiday or customin your country

that is similar to one describedhere?Describethe holiday or custom.

5l
ff nesoLUnoNs
A Group work y'Ihat are you planning to do
or thinking about doing during the next year?
TeIl your group about at least three things.

"I'm going to take dancinglessons."

"I'11probably go on a diet."

B Class activity Tell the classabout the most

interesting or unusual plans in your group.

Bob is going to take dancing lessons.

B : And he thinks he'll go on a diet, too.

El orurHERoAD
A Group wo¡k Your friends are planning a long car trip
for their next vacation.What plans do they need to make?
How many suggestionscan you think of? Use had betteti
mus| ought to, should, and,shouldnl.

A: You should take someroad maps.

B: You'dbetter checkthe tires on your car.
C: You ought to checkthe oil.

B C/ass activity Compareyour suggestionsaround

the c1ass.

ff nOre PLAY rmsorry.

t'il....
StudentA: Complain to your partner about these things:
Your partner has not returned your tennis racquet.
Your partner is playing a CD loudly.You are trying to study.
Your partner has beenusing the telephonefor almost an
hour. You need to make an important call.
Stud.entB: Listen to your partner's complaints.
Apologizeand make suitable responses.

Changeroles and try the role play again.

52
 Reviewof Units 5-8

I vouoERcADcEr
A G rou p work Irr'aglne lhat this is a popular new gadget.
Tb:¡k ofas many possibleusesfor this item as you can.

A: lbu can use this gadgetfor . . . .

B: It's used to . . . .

B C/ass activity Tell the classyour ideas.

\fhich usesdo you think are the most interesting?

f, rnars ANTNTEREsTTwG
cusroM.
A Grgup work Wlnat interesting customsdo you know
for births, marriages,the seasons,or goodluck? Take turns
talking about them like this:
-lYhen a boy courts a girl in someparts of the Philippines,
he stands outsideher houseat night and sings to her."

Others ask questions.

\\¡hy doeshe do that?
Is it just a village custom?
Is it common?

B G/ass activity Which was the most interesting custom

you talked about in your group?Tell the classabout it.

fl rrsreNrNc
) n @ Listen to someinformation about unusual marriage customs.
Check(/) Tlue or False for eachstatement.

l. Whenfwowomenof o tribein Poroguoy wonllo morrylhe s0memon, n n

theypulonboxing glovesondfighlif ouf.
2, When0 monond0 womongelm0rried ¡nM0l0ysi0, lheyeolcooked u tr
ricefhedoybefore lhewedding.
0 monond0 womongefmorried,
3, Inlloly,before 0 friendorrelol¡ve n n
releoses lwowhifedovesinlolheoir.
4. ln somep0rfsof lndio,when0 monond0 womongelmorried, n ü
woferis Douredoverftem.

iD B É! f:rsten again. For the statements that you

marked false, write the corect information.

53
 C¿ASSPROFILE
A C/ass activity Go around the classand find out
the information below.Then ask follow-up questions
and take notes.Write a classmate'sname onlv once.

I . usedio lookverydifferent.
"Didyouusefo lookverydifferenl?"
usedlo hoveo fovorite lovwhenheorshewoso child.
"Did you uselo hove0 f0vorileloy whenyouwere0 child?"
olwoys lislenedlo hisorherleochers.
'Did youolwoyslislenlo yourleochers?"
4. hoted highschool.
you
"Did hofehighschool?"
5. usedlo fighlo lolwifhhisor herbrothers ondsislers.
*Didyouuselo fighl0 lol wilhyourbroftersqndsislers?"
doledsomeone for0 longtimein highschool.
'Did you"go sle0dy"wilhsomeone in highschool?"
wonled to beo movie slorwhenheorshewosyounger,
"Didyouwonllo beo movieslol whenyouwereyounger?"
hodo pelwhenheorshewoso child.
"Didyouhove0 pelwhenyouwere0 child?"

B Group work Tell the group the most interesting thing you learned about your classmates.

tc-2
 Interchange Activities

MAKING THE CITY BETTER

A Readthis ietter to a local newspaper.

DearEütor:
I am sick andtired of the traffic in this city! It is sobad
thatI cannevergetanywhere ontime,Therearetoo many
carson theroad,andmostofthemhaveonlyoneperson
in them.
Anotherproblemis thebuses.Theyaresooldanilslow
thatnobodywantsto takethem.Theyarenoisyanilvery
ürty. Youcan'tevenseeout thewindows!
Also,thetaxi driversarerude.Theyneverknowwhere
theyaregoing,andtheytakea longtimeto getsomeplace.
Taxisareexpensive, too.And thesubwayis iust too
crowdedanddangerous. What arewegoingto do?

GeorgeGrady
Oakville

B Group work Suggestfive ways to solvethe transportation

problemsin Oakville.

"Taxi drivers should take classesto learn how to be friendly "

C Crass activity Tell your group'sideas to the class.Then decidewhich

are best.
suggestions

p4/^r
tc-3
InterchangeActivities

WISHFULTHINKING
A Completethis questionnairewith information about yourself.

B Pair work Compareyour questionnaires.Take turns

asking ánd answeringquestionsabout your wishes.

A: What kind ofvacation do you wish you could take?

B: I wish I couldeo on a safari.
A: Really? Why?
B: WeIl, I could take somegreat pictures of wild animals!

G Crass activ¡ty Imagine that you are at a class

reunion. It is ten years sinceyou completedthe questionnaire
in part A, Tell the classabout somewishesthat have come
true for your partner.

"Sue is a photographer now. She travels to Africa every

year and takes pictures of wild animals. Her photos
are ln many magazlnes,

rc-4
 InterchangeAct¡v¡ties

RISKYBUS"VESS
A How much do you really know about your classmates?
Look at the survey and add two more situations to items 1 and 2.

l. tindsomeone whohos. . ,
o. cried
dur¡ngo movie.
b. goneforo moonlighl
swim.
c. sungino bond.
ollnighlforonexom.
d. studied
e. liedoboulhisorheroge.
f.
.. .. .......
s.......... .
whohosnever.
2 . tind someone
o. eoleno holdog.
b. beenono blinddofe.
c. seen0 wildonimol.
kissed
someoneinpublic.
o cor.
dr¡ven
f.

s.

B C/ass activity Go around the classand ask the

questions in the surwey.Write down the names of
'Yes" for item 1 a¡d
classmateswho answer
"No" for item 2. Then ask follow-up questions
and take hotes.

Have you ever cried during a movie?

I Yes.I've criedduring a lot of movies.
What kinds of movies?
WeII, sad oneslike Casablancaand,.
r
,n Have you ever eaten a hot dog?
// No, I haven't
Why not?
Well, I'm a vegetarian.

C Group work Comparethe

informationin your surveys.

rc-5
lnterchange Act¡v¡t¡es

@ F.tNvAcATIoNs
StudentA
A Pair work You and your partner are going to take a trip. You have a
brochure for a ski trip, and your partner has a brochurefor a surfing trip.
First ask questionslike these about the surfing trip:

How much doesthe trip cost?

What doesthe price ofthe trip include?
What are the accommodationslike?
Are surfing lessonsavailable?
Is there going to be an¡'thing else to do? Tell me
about the nightlife.
What else can you tell me about the trip?

B Pair work Now use the information in this brochure to answeryour

partner's questionsabout the ski trip.

onühe
!5:@og SküToqrn
@neenñffocrüDüqflüDs
Ylslt these sld resorts in Vermont:
Killington . Okemo . Stowe
Stratton . Sugarbush

Accommodations: Country inns, with relaxtng atrnosphere

and {rnedtning; luxurtóus rooms{eature
Jacuzzls and flreplaces
Price includes: All skl equipment,lifttrckerc,anddaily .+
2-hour lessons
Nightlife activities: Candlelitdrnnersh the hn,s resrauran*,
classlcalmuslcconcerts
Additional activities: Go antiqueshopplng,cross-counrry slifhg,
sledding,lceskating,horse'drawnsletghrldes
Tour cosfi Stngleroom: s2,500
Doublemomrs3,2 0 O

C Pair wOrk Decidewhich trip you are going to take. Then explain your choiceto the class.

tc-ó
 InterchangeActivities

THAT'SNO EXCUSE!
A Pair work Look at these situations and act out conversations.
-\pologizeand then give an excuse,admit a mistake, make an offer, or
nake a promise.

StudentA: You'rethe customer. StudentA: You own the PUPPY.

Stud.entB: You'rethe hairstYlist. Student B: You own the backPack.
A: My hair! You ruined my hair!
B : I ' m s os o r r yI.. . . .

StudentA: You'redriving the red car. StudentA; You'rethe customer.

Student B: You'redriving the blue car. StudentB: You'rethe cashier.

B Group work lJave yoÍ ever experiencedsituations like these?What

happened?What did you do?Shareyour stories.
tc-7
lnterchangeActivities

FUN VACAT'O'VS
StudentB
A Pairwork Yort and.yourpartner are going to take a trip. You have a
brochurefor a surfing trip, and your partner has a brochurefor a ski trip.
First, use the information in this brochureto answeryour partner's
questionsabout the surfing trip.

.. r,r
.:. i'Í;. i

Visitthesebeautiful
Southern
Galifornia
surfingbeaches,
ElCapitan
inSantaBarbara,
SurfRidersin Malibu
TheWedge at Newport Doheny
Beach, at DanaPoint
Accommodations: Single ordoubleroomsin beachfronthotels
Priceincludes:Dailysurfboard rental,3-hourbeginner's
class
Nightlife
activities:Beach barbecues,
clubdancing,moonlightcruise
Add¡tional
act¡vities:VisitUniversal andDisneyland
Studios
TourBeverlyHillsandseethemov¡e stars'homes
fourcost Singleroom: $1,999
Double room:92,300

B Pair work Now ask questionslike these about the ski trip:

How much doesthe trip cost?

What doesthe price of the trip include?
What are the accommodationslike?
Are skiing lessonsavailable?
Is there going to be anlthing elseto do?TbIl me
about the nightlife.
What else can you tell me about the trip?

C Pair u¡ork Decidewhich trip you are going to take. Then explain your choiceto the class.

tc-8
 InterchangeActivities

E@ cooDADvtcE
StudentA
A Pair work Ask your partner for adviceabout these situations.

I'm going away on
vacation and my house
will be empty. How
can I make my house
safe from burglars?
I'm buying a used car. I have an important job
How can I make sure that interview. How can I
it's in goodcondition? make a goodimpression?

I'm going away on vacation and my housewill be empty.

f#
How can I make my housesafefrom burgiars?
Well, don't forget to lock all the windows. Oh, and make sure to

B Pair work Now your partner needs

adviceabout these situations. Give at least
four suggestionsfor eachone.
Don'tforgetto Trynotto....
Remember to . Makesureto .
Tryto..., Besurenotto

Your partner is going Your partner is meeting Your partner is mailing a

to rent an apartment his girlfriend's or her valuabie glassvaseto a
with a roommate.' boyfriend's parents for friend.
the first time.

tc-9
 Act¡vit¡es
Interchange

GOODADVICE
StudentB
A Pair work Yottr partner needsadviceabout Don'tforgetto....Trynotto....
these situations. Give at least four suggestions Rememberto.... Makesureto....
for eachone. Tryto.... Besurenotto....

Your partner is going Your partner is buying a

f#
Your partner has an
away on vacation and used car. important job interview.
his or her housewill
be empty.

A: I'm going away on vacation and my housewill be

empty.How can I make my housesafefrom burglars?
B : Well, don't forget to lock all the windows. Oh, and
makesureto....

B Pair work Now ask your partner for adüce about these situations.

I'm going to rent I'm meeting my I'm mailing a valuable

an apartment with girlfriend's/boyfriend's glassvaseto my friend.
a roommate.What parents for the first How can I make sure it
can we do to get time. How can I make a arrives safely?
along well? goodimpression?

tc-10
 Interchange Activ¡ties

@ oNcEINABLttEMooN
A G/ass activity How do your classmatescelebratespecialdays and
tines? Go around the classand ask the questionsbelow.If someone
¿rnswers'Yes," write down his or her name. Ask for more i¡formation a¡d
take notes.

A: Doesyour family have big get-togethers?

B: Yes,we do.
A: What do you do when you get together?
B: Well, we have a big meal. After we eat, we
watch old home movies.

y0ur
1. Does bigget-togethers?
have
family
2. D0youever
buyflowers
fors0meone
special?
3. D0youoften friends
take outt0dinner?
4. D0youwearyournational
dress
atleastonce
ayear?
5. Has giver
some0ne 'ecertly
youm01ey asagilt?
yougivenmoney
6. Have asagift?
recenily
t0someone
yourbirthday
7. D0youliket0celebrate withaparty?
8, Doyouever
send
birthday
cards?
9. Doyoueúer
give
Íriends presents?
birthday
area g00didea?
10.D0youthinklongengagements
11.Doiyou
drink atspeciaL
champagne events?
12,lsNew yourfavor¡te
Yeais time0ftheyear?
13.Doyouevercelebrate
a holiday
withfireworks?

B Pair work Compare your information with a partner.

tc-lI
 UnitsSunno escontoinl¡stsof
keyvocqbulory dndluncl¡ondl
exprcss¡ons, aswellosgronnol
ex¡ens¡ons lor eochun¡t.For
Grs¡nnorFocusnodels,Dleose
unitpoge.
rctetto lhe opptoptiote

ll n flME ro REMEMBER
KEYVOCABULARY
Nour¡s memo¡y Adjectives Other Adverbs Prepositions
attic parents big be ago about (yourselfl
(soccer)ball favorite begin always after (school)
beach pe¡ fine collect early along (the beach)
bicycle picture first follow every (day) at (his house)
(summer) camp fun get up here from (South
cat possession good(at...) grve Just America)
chess rabbit gTeat go most in (high school)
. child scrapbook near grow up neither in front of
childhood shell OK have (a , . ume/ not an,'mofe to (college)
college town old learn notv
comic tree house scary move only Cort'ulctions
clog uncle second parnt originally and
family vacatron sma11 plav pretty but
friend violin Rollerblade really
hide-and-seek Verbs spend (time) still Interj ections
hobby Pronou¡¡s Modals stay there by the way
immigTant that can study too hey
job this could think very \ in fact
kid yourself would throw out oh
lesson walk say

EXPRESSTOilS
Greeting someone Where were you born? Talking about past abilities
Hi./Hello. Iwasbornin.,.. How well did you . . . ?
Did you grow up there? I was pretty good.
Introducing yourself Did you go to schoolin . . . ?
Mynameis.../I'm... Yes, I dicl./No,I didn't. Apologizing
Nice to meet you. I'm (really) sorry.
Good to meet you, too. Talking about past activities
Where did you learn to . . . ? Asking for and agreeing to a
Exchanging personal Here. favor
information How old were you when you began Canyou..,?
Could you tell me (a little) about to...? Su¡e.
yourself? Iwas...yearsold.
Sure. What do you wanl to knowo What/Where did you use to . . . ? Giving opinions
Areyoufrom...? W h e nI w a s a k i i l , I u s e dt o . . . . Ibet....
Yes, I am./No, I'm not. I used to. . ., too, when I was akid.

GRAMMAREXTENSIONAdverbial clauseswrTtwhen
These four sentencesmean the same: here. when means "at that time"'

a) When I was in high school,we moved here. c) When we moved here, I was in high school.
b) We moved here when I was in hish school. d) I was in high schoolwhen we moved here.

When an ad.verbial clause comes before an independent clause (as in sentences a an¿l c), a comma is used,

s-2
Q cnueHTN THERUsH
KEYVOCABUARY
\ouns counter street (light/sign) Other Adverbs
City ploces cnme system ar¡ive downtov¡n
cup telephone be allowed (to) irr general
facility traffic brry much
fa¡e (light/sign/jam) check never
fire come quickly
governlIent Pronoun cost right
hall one drive sometimes
feel like
highway Adjectives find
(half) hour average get Prepositions
idea cheap lmprove ac¡ossfrom
letter close(to) leave (for) around (here)
location full look at (rush hou¡)
ma'am politi move behi¡d
(news)paper public need ilow¡ (the hall)
|e station/stop) noise special open except
C parking sure on (the corner ofl
-aI (garage/light/space)terdble provide next to
tmancer'station) pedestrian terrific see
police (officer) wfong take (time) Coqjunctions
, driser/lane/stancl) (air) pollution talk about however
E¡in question Verbs write so
restroom Modal
Chh¿r route be able to Interjection
cÉrtificate rush hour should oh, no
cofee stop (light/sigr)

EXPRESS'OAfS
Expressing a coucern Asking a rhetorical question
There are too many. . . ./The¡e is too much. . Wlly is there never a . . . when you need one?
There aren't enough . . . ./There isn't enough . Good question.
Weneedmo¡e....
There should be fewer . , . ./There should be less . Thanking someone
Thanl<s(a lot).
Getting sómeone's attention
Excuse me. Making a suggestion
Let's(goand)....
Asking for and giving information
Calr you tel1 me where . . . ? Expressing probability
Let me think. I t s h o u l d. . . .
Could you tell me how often . . . ?
Every....
Do you know what time/when . . . i
Sorry. I don't k¡ow.
Just one more thing.
Yes?

GRAMMAR EXTENSIONWord order with Wh-words

Direct question Statement
Whe¡e is the bank? I don't k¡ow where the bank ls.
Wñ-word verb subject Wñ-word subject verb

Indirect question
Do you know where the bank is?
I{ñ-woril subject verb

s-3
fil nne FoRA cHANcE!
KEYVOCABULARY
Nouns Pronouns Other pay
Houses/Apartments something read
bathroom somewhere different rent
bedroom difficult retire
closet Adjectives easy show
kitchen Descríbing houses free take (classes)
living room qnd,apartments healthy work
window bright in (good)shape
comfortable last Adverbs
Other convenient own a little
appearance part-time actually
(rock) band dangerous single all (day)
class da¡k else
clothes dingy Verbs not at all
guitar expensrve Mod,al then
homework huge have to well
interest inconvenient
leisure large Other Prepositions
life modern add arouncl (the house)
(a) lot (ofl new becorne in (the evening)
money noisy
musician pnvate do (chores) Conjunction
neighborhood quiet enJoy though
personality reasonable go back
skill safe go out Interj ections
shabby like hmm
spacrous live uh
make (friends)

EXPRESSTOTVS
Asking for and giving an opinion Expressing regret about a present situation
What do you think? I wish (that) I coulil ....
?he... isn't. . . enough. I w i s h l d i d n ' t. . . .
The... istoo.... I wish life were easier.
T?rere.aren't enough . . . ./There isrit enough .
It'snotas,..as.... Expressing s¡zrnpathy and empathy
It doesn't have as many . . . as . . . ./ It has That's too bad.
justasmany...as.... I know what you mean.

Exchanging personal information Agr.eeing

Where are you working now? Idon't...either.
I'm still at the . . . .
How old are you? Expressing interest
(I'm).... Really?

GRAMMAREXTENSIONEvaluations

ad.jective + enotgh + infinitiue loo + ad.jectiae+ ínfínítiue

The kitchen isn't large enough to eat in. The kitchen is too small to eat in

s-4
 oF THAT!
E rve NEuERHEARD
XEY VOCABULARY
Ir¡o¡s sandwich recrpe ea¡
l:,i and beu'erages skewer hear of
snails slice light
:€:alra soup snack make (= prepare)
vegetable s1r mannate
::ai¡s water pour lovell
l-ad Adjectives prefer
=ie Meals awful
:iicken breakfast barbecued skip
lf,conut milk dinner delicious spread
¡url-a' lunch fried take off
scrambled)egg try
eggplant Other tu¡n over
fish appetrzer toasted
frog s legs barbecue Adverbs
garlic bowl Verbs ever
guacamole(dip) charcoal Cooking methods from time to time
honey check bake lately
meat diet barbecue
tcoconut)milk dish boil usually
oil ingredient fry yesterilay
onion kebob roas! yet
pasta lighter fluid steam
peanut butter marinade Prepositions
pLzza menu Other for (20 minutes)
popcorTr picnic cut into/up in (the morning)
potalo (food) poisoning decide(on)

EXPRESS'OA'S
Talking about food and beverages Making and declining an offer
Have you ever eaten . . . ? Liketo...?
Yes. I have./No, I haven't. No, thanks.
It's/They're...!
This/It sounds . . Describing a procedure
Yum! First,....
Ugh!/Yuck! Then....
Next,....
Ordering in a restaurant Afterthat,....
Have you deciiled yet? Finally,....
Yes. I'11have
And you? Stating a prefererrce
I think I'11have the . . . . I usually like to . . . .
Ipreferto....

GRAMMAR EXTENSIONTwomeanings of recently

In the present perfe ct, recently means ".during the period of days or weeks" or "lately."

I've eaten out a lot recently - three times this week.

In the past tense, r€cently means "notrlong ago."

I recently ate Korean food for the first time - last week, in fact.

s-5
EI corvc PLAaES
KEY VOCABULARY
Nouns Pronoun check on
Actiuities medication anyone have (time off)
camprng mom lie
fishing overnight bag Adjectives pack
hiking national park alone start
mountain climbing back take (a vacation/a walk)
rafting plan excited think (about/of)
plenty (of) exciting travel
swimming pocket foreign visit
(hotel) rese¡vation pleasant
Other shorts rounil-trip Adverbs
backpack sultcase several abroad
(hiking) boots temple warm already
camper thing around
cash (plane) ticket Verbs away
condominium traveler s check Mod,aLs lots of
country trtp had better maybe
cousln vaccination must nearby
credit card visa ought to probably
culture wallet should so
expedition weather
father week Other Prepositions
first-aid kit windbreaker backpack around (Europe)
identification world carry by (yourself)
lots (ofl catch up on for (a few ilays)

EXPRESSIO'VS
Talking about definite plans Expressing necessity
Have you made any plans? You (don't) have tolYou must/You need to .
I'mgoingto....
Making a suggestion
Talking about possible plans You'dbette¡....
What are you going to do? You ought tolshould/shouldn't. . . .
I guess/I think I'll . . . .
I'llprpbably.... Making and accepting an offer
M a y b éf l l . . . . Whydon'tyou...?
Do you mean it? I'd love to!
Asking atrout length of time
For how long?
How long are you going to . . . ?
How long should we . . . ?

GRAMMAREXTE VS'OA' Futuresentences

Wíth pre sent continuous With símple present
The present continuous is oÍten used ¡rith a futurc
meaning when we are talking about things that
have already been decided on and planned.

Where are you going for your vacation? When do you leave?
We're staying home. My grandparents are coming Our plane takes off at midnight, and we arrive
for a visit. in Paris at 7:00 ¿.u.

s-ó
fl sunr. No PRoBLEMI
KEY VOCABULARY
Iou¡s stereo (¡'.¿-
towel ai-::
toy
:a,t- trash d¡i rE
' -iñlé Ióf\ TV forger
:: -,:: wall help
-is-:-. lend
lry e*:::::3 Pronoun mind
b- plar tto '
tr realize
Adjectives smoke
li¡&---:
t¡!Ea-,4: b¡oke
tE=: busy Adverbs
!tg3--:li loud ACIOSS

GS thin definitely
G:: down
:!rsE::': Verbs next door
Two-part uerbs (all) over
clean off/up quietly
;ir:i.
:a.:-all hang up soon
keep down through
;-,--l-n
-.::: move into tomorrow
section
r ":-smoking) pay back totally
pick up
pul away/out Prepositions
take off/out in (a minute)
throw out on (the phone)
turn down/off/on
Conjunction
if

EXPRESSTOilS
]Iaking and agYeeing/objecting to a request Apologizing
Please.... I'm sorry. I didn't realize./I forgot./I'll . . right away.
Sure. No problem!
Oh,but.,.. Making a promise
Can/Couldyou...? I'll make sure to . . . .
I'd be glad to.
Wouldyouplease...? Expressing annoyance
o K . I 1 1. . . . Goodness!
Would you mind . . . ?
Sorry. I'll. . . right away. Expressing surprise
Are you kidding?

GRAMMAR EXTENSION Separabteand inseparabletwo-part verbs

Some two-part verbs tate a direct object and can Other two-part verbs can also take direct objects but
be separated. carft be separated.

Put away your things. Help me look for my new SuzanneVega CD. I want to
Why don't you put your things awaY? listen to it.
I already put them away. Suzanne Vega?I never heard ofher.

s-7
ll wnnrs rHrsFoR?
KEYVOCABULARY
Nourrs factory worker plug
MachinesI Appliances (DNA) fingerprinting World Wide Web press
battery heat process
camcoriler in-line skate Pronouns
CD-ROM information mine remember
(laptop) computer instructions oufs research
fax (machine) Internet run (a machine)
jet ski Adjectives save
microwave oven (phone) line closed send
¡nodem medical school ext¡eme spill
(cellular) phone metal fragile store
robot mother latest teach
satellite motorbike unplug
movle Verbs use
Other number access
advice order analyze Adverbs
astronomy (electrical) outlet belong away
ATM card paper (= composition) conununrcate facedown
attendance (úime) pattern connect first of all
behavior people cleate just about
(household)bill person dial often
budget photocopy drop on-line
(send)button professor exchange
(phone/telephone)call psychotherapist expose Prepositions
chat (group/room) report get on at (a ¡nedical school)
cold heat in (a factory)
container (work) schedule on (= about)
criminal sport make sure
document task Interj ection
encyclopedia UFO place uh-huh

EXPRES-STO^fS
Making a suggestion Giving and responding to advice
Whydon'tyou...? First of all, don't forget to . . . .
Maybe I will. Got it!
Then. . . . And rememberto. . . .
Describing a use or purpose That's a-ll?
What's this for? Pretty much. Just make sure to . . . . And try not to .
I t ' s u s e df o r . . . . / I t ' su s e d t o . , , . Good advice.
I c a n u s e i t f o r . . . . / I c a n u s ei t t o . . . .
What are these for?
They're used for. . . ./They're used to . . . .
You can use them for . . . ./You can use them to .

GRAMMAREXTE fSlOw Uncompleted infinitives

Aduice
Remember to recharge the batteries.

Responsewith cornpletedinfinitiue
I won't forget to recharge them.

infinitíue (to dloid repetitíon)

Responsewith uncom,pletecl
I won't forget to.

s-8
LET'SCELEBRATE!
KEYVOCABULARY
Pronouns invite
door
each other knock
d.ress
everyone last
:- -ebrat¡ons fire\Á'orks
ones Iove
::ilYelsary flower par¡y
-:-ii1 Fool's Day 9ft receive
gToom Adjectives
:::relor party rerul-n
kimono beautiful
::¡ihday saJ'
man engaged
::--dal shower sen-e
mask female
I arnivai B CAT
newlywed long
=..gagement
night male
lailoween Adverb
occasion Western
\la! Day on.,.o11ll
paft white
]fother's Day young
\erv Year's Eve period
Prepositions
pafty photo
Vert¡s by (saying)
rredding) reception present
ask for during (the receptron)
Thanksgiving revolution
attend on (October31st)
\-alentine's Day samba with (cranberrY sauce)
trick celebrate
rvedding
turkey change (into)
date Interj ection
Other woman Trick or treat!
word dress uP
bride gel
candy (engaged/married/
card Seasons
fall together)
champagne
spnng happen
coslume
summer have (a pafiy)
couple
wrnter hold
cranberry sauce
hono¡
dancing

EXPRESS'OA'S
Aski n€ about customs ,,
Describing holidays, festivals, and celebrations I
How old are PeoPlewhen tney
Isthere...?
Where is the . . . usuallY held?
What happens during the . . ?
Whatdo...wear?
What type of food is sewed?

Adverbial c'auses of time

GRAMMAREXTENSTON
is always one action that comes before another'
In sentences with clauses beginmng wi th before and after 'there
her
After a woman getsmarried she often changes
Before a man gets married.his friends give him a = f¡*t, sñe gets married: lhen she cbangeb
pu..¡ = fi.tt. ñis friendsgive him a party: then he "ra".name.
her
gets married.
- means
one action comes before another and ¿¿'áe¿
With clauses beginning with ú''áen, however, either
Jrl""" - ot both happen at the same time'
""tioni white
When a woman gets married, she usually wears-a
\{hen a woman gels married. she often changesber = o"¡"g itt" time she's getting married, she
á"""r .
name.= First, she gets married:then she changes
i'"""" u rvttit" á"".s. (both happen at the same time)
her name.
s-9
COU NTRIES AND NATIONALITI ES
This is a partial list of countries,many
of which are presentedin this book.

Argentina Argentine Germany German thePhilippines Filipino

Australia Australian Greece Greek Poland Polish
Austria Austrian Hungary Hungarian Russia Russian
Brazil Brazilian India Indian Singapore Singaporean
Bolivia Bolivian Indonesia Indonesian Spain Spanish
Canada Canadian Irela¡d lrish Switzerland Swiss
Chile Chilean Italy ltalian Thailand Thai
' China Chinese Japan Japanese Turkey Turkish
Colombia Colombian Korea Korean Peru Peruvian
Costa Rica Costa Rican Lebanon Lebanese the United Kingdom British
Ecuador Ecuadorian Malaysia Malaysian the United States American
Egypt Egyptian Mexico Mexican Uruguay Uruguayan
England English Morocco Moroccan
France French New Zealand New Zealander

NUMBERS
0 1 2 34 5 6 7 8
zeto one two three four five stx seven eight

9 10 11 72 13 1,4 75 16 77
mne ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen
-19
18 20 21 22 30 40 50 60
eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one twenty-two thirty forty fifty sixty
70 80 90 100 1,000
seventy eighty mnety onehundred(a hundred) onethousand(a thousand)

COMPARATIVE AND SUPE RLATIVE ADI ECTIVES

1. Adjective with "er antd..est 2, Adjectives with more arrd nost
big dirty high old tall attractive exciting outgorng
busy dry hot pretty ugly beautiful expensive popular
cheap easy large quiet warrfl boring famous relaxing
clean fast light safe wet crowded important stressful
close friendly long scary young dangerous interesting difficult
cold funny mild short delicious
cool great new slow
deep heary nice small 3. Irregular adiectives
good -+ better *; best
bad --> worse -+ the worst
ILLUSTRATIONS
Randy Jones 2, ts,8,14,29,34 38, T r á ñ c ñ ^ r f a f i ^ ñ
43, 45,rC-2,IC-3,IC-7,rC-9(top),
IQ-70 ftop)
Mark Kautuan 14, 15,22,23,3l
(top)35,36 99, (bottorn),44,49
Kevin Spaulding 5, 28, 34
(bottom),4O,52
Sam Viviano 6, ll, 17, 18, 20, 27,
3l (bottom),36 (top),37, 47, 52
(top), 53, IC-4, IC-í, IC-9 (bottom),
lC-10 (bottotn)
PHOTOGRAPHICCREDITS
publishers are
The authors and
grateful for perrnissionto reproduce Market
the following photographs.Every
endeavorhas beenmade to contact
copl'right owners,and apologiesare
expressed for omissions.
2 @Remi BenalVGamrnaLiaison
5 (lefu @Mug Shots,4lheStock
Market; (right) @ Anel Skelley/fhe 38 (lol @Alan Beckerllhe Image
StockMarket
6 O Tony Freeman{PhotoEdit
7 (left) @ GlobePhotos; (right)
O Barry King/GammaLiaison
8 (teftl O Patti McCqlrvilbrctle
Image Bank (righú) @Grant V.
Fainl4lhe lrnage.Banl<
I O Dick Luria,4FPGInternational
12 @Michael Yarnashita/Garnma
Liaison
l3 (Ieft to right) JefT
Greenberg/Omni Photo
Communications;courtesyof
NetherlandsBoard of Tourism;
@ Hugo de Vries, courtesy of State 43 (microwave and hair dryer)
of Hawaii Department of ourtesy ofSears, Roebuck and Co.,
(laptop computer) courtesy ofIBM
19 (¿el?lPEOPLE Weekly O 1996Ed Corporation
Lallo; (rlgár) O Mel Neale 44 (top row, left to ri.ght) courtesy of
Sears, Roebuck and Co.; courtesy of
20 (feijoada)@Paulo
Fridma¡,4nternational Stock; Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A.;
(meekrob and won ton soup)From courtesy of Sears, Roebuck and Co.;
(bottom row, left to right) courtesy of
SunsetOriental Cookbook,@ 1970,
SunsetBooksInc., Menlo Park, CA; Rollerblade, Inc.; courtesy ofThe
(ceviche)@Peter Johansky/Envisron Long Island Savings Bank; courtesy
of Kawasalti Motors Corp.. U.S.A.
21 O Bill Bachmann/PhotoEdit
48 (top to botton) @ Ary
24 (left to rieht) @Joel Glenn/The
Diesendruck/Tony Stone Images; @
Image Bank; O Ed Bock4lheStock
Market; O Daüd Jeffrey,TheImage Martha Cooper/Viesti Associates; O
Robert Frerck/Tony Stone Images; O
Bank; O Roy Morsch,{lheStock
Ron Behrmann /International Stock
49 O Satoru Ohmori/Gamma Liaison
25 @Steven Needham,fEnvision
26 (óoúli)O SuperStock 50 (clochwise from top right) @ P aul
Chesleyltony Stone Images; O Josef
27 @Le Goy/GammaLiaison
BeckfFPG International; O Spencer
30O Daüd Ball/TonyStoneImages GranlGamma Liaison
32 O TelegraphColour Library/FPG 5l (left tb right) @ Robert
International Frerck/Odyssey
Productions/Chicago; courtesy of
Bank; tbollomt Q GermanYouth Korean Cultural Service; O AP,AMide
Hostel Assoc./HI-AYH World Photos
39 llefl) @Beth Whitman, courtesy lC-6 (top) @ Ken
of The Fresh Air F:¿¡'d; (right) @ Gallard,ilnternational Stock;
Jeffrey Sylvester/FPG International (bottom) @ Johrt
4l (top to bottom)@G.S.O. MichaeVlnternational Stock
Imagesllhe Image Bank; @David lQ-8 (top) @ Lorerftz
Ash,Tony Stone Images; O Garry Guliachsen {lony Stone Images;
Gay/The Image Bank (bottom) @ Robert
42 (left to right) @F"ic}:.ard BrowMnternational Stock
Nowitz/FPG Intern ational; @ Zigy lC-ll (left to rieht) O Jon Riley/Iony
KaluznylTony Stone Images; O Flip Stone Images; @ Rob Lewine/
Chalfanl4lhe Image BanJ< The Stock Market; @ John
PinderhusheslThe Stock Market
 mostsuccessful Englishcourses
learners
at lhe levels.lfew Interdrangc
incorporates fromstudents
süggest¡ons usingthef¡rsteditionfromaroünd
andteachers theworld.
grammar
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whenusedfor meaningful communication.llew Intsrfiange
is t¡Íritten
in AmericanEnglish,
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LevelTwoof lfeürfnbrdrangccons¡stsof a Student's Booli Wo óook, Teacher's Editionot feachet's

Manual,ClassAudioCassettes or CDs,Student'sAudioCassettes ot CDs,Video,VideoActivityBook,
WdeoTeacher's Guide,andCD-a0M.
TheSfrrdent'sBookandWorkbook canbepurchased in spliteditions.TheStuden?s AudioCassettes ot CDs
areofferedoily in spliteditions.A P/acenterrf
fest is ava¡lablefor thecourse,

Professor Jad( G,RHrardsis an internationally

recognized teacher .
onmethodology,
authority
developmenl, andmaterials
design, andhastaught¡nuniversiües
¡ntheUnited HongKong,
States,
Singapore, NewZealand,Canada, Indones¡a,
ard Braz¡|.
Hehasalsolectured in EastAsia,
andconsulted
I'lorthandSouthAmerica,Europe, andtheMiddleEast.Professor manysuccessful
Richards' textsand
booksincludelpproacfasandMethodsin Language
teachef-training andBeyondTnining,
Teaching
JonaüanHullhastaughtin Britain,Jordan, 0man,theUn¡ted States, andMicronesia. Hehasalsobeen
lectt'|rer
a univers¡ty in HongKongandJapan,Hismain professional are
interests curriculum
designand
mater¡alsdevelopment, andh¡smainresearch interest
is ¡nreading. Heis currenlly
a doctoral
cand¡date
at GlasgowUniversity,UK
SusanProc'torhastaughtin manyinstitutionsanduniversiües - in Japan,HongKong, C¡,rvrsnrocn
UNTYERSITY PRESS
Hawa¡i,andhernativestateof California.
Shehasalsoco-aúthored twoma¡o¡ESLlextbook www.cambr¡dge.org
seriesalongwitha beginningleveloralcommunication iext.In add¡t¡on,shehastranslated
andprepared theAmer¡can English
editions
of several
Brit¡shEnglish textüook series. rsBN0-521-ó2Eó1-X

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