Calcium hypochlorite

Chemical compound with the chemical formula of Ca(ClO)2

it’s a yellowish white stable solid. It powerfully smells of halogen, because of its slow decomposition in
dampish air. it’s not extremely soluble in H2O, and is a lot of ideally utilized in soft to medium-hard
water. it’s 2 forms: dry (anhydrous); and hydrous (hydrous).

Raw Materials:

Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Slaked Lime

Benefits:

 Easily transported – solids

 Stored for long periods of time – in a cool, dry place, away from any acid, organic materials, and
metals
 Noncombustible

Process:

Calcium hypochlorite is commercially prepared by means of

 sodium process
 calcium process
 patented process by Consito (n.d.)

1. Sodium Process

 Produces 65-70% available chlorine

2. Calcium Process

 Produces 35-65% available chlorine

3. Patented Process

2Ca(OH)2 + 2 Cl2 = Ca(OCl)2 + CaCl2 + 2 H2O

 Raw materials are hydrated lime and gaseous chlorine.

 An aqueous suspension of milk lime is fed to the first reactor, where the chlorination takes
place.
 Temperature is kept constant and the reaction heat is taken away by cooling water circulation
through an external jacket.
 The chlorine flow is controlled in order to obtain a prefixed conversion rate.
  The product discharged from the first reactor is centrifuged in order to separate mother waters,
rich of chlorides, from the solid which mainly contains dibasic hypochlorite.
 The solid is, then, suspended again in water. It is introduced to a small quantity of NaOH
solution.
 The new suspension is fed to a 2nd reactor where the final stage of chlorination takes place. The
reaction is guided at low temperature by means of cooling, till the maximum conversion rate, in
correspondence of maximum percentage of hypochlorite in the suspension.
 The product discharged from the reactor is filtered; the separated mother liquors, containing
valuable percentage of hypochlorite, are recycled to the preparation tank of 1st stage
chlorination.
 The filtered solid is washed and discharged into a re-slurry tank where water is added to prepare
a pumpable slurry to be fed into a spray-dryer.
 The drying takes place at controlled temperature in order to avoid decomposition.
The dried product is finally stored, weighed and packed.

Uses:

Bleaching powder

Disinfecting water

Mixed with water in industrial food processing

References:

https://www.calcium-hypochlorite.com/product/

https://chlorine.americanchemistry.com/Science-Center/Chlorine-Compound-of-the-Month-
Library/Calcium-Hypochlorite-A-Pool-Chemical-And-Much-More/

http://www.kapsom.com/portfolio-items/calcium-hypochlorite-plant/

http://www.kfchem.com/pro_en/id/2.html

http://www.kfchem.com/pro_en/id/3.html