FOREWORD

Praise us for the presence of God Almighty, because of His grace we were able to
complete the paper "HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS AND PROFESSIONAL
COOPERATION" submitted to fulfill the task of the Professional Ethics course .
The author really hopes the preparation of this paper can be useful in order to add insight
and knowledge. The author is also fully aware that in the preparation there are shortcomings and
far from perfect words. Therefore, the authors hope for criticism and suggestions for papers that
the authors have made so that it is better in the future, considering that nothing is perfect without
constructive advice.
Hopefully the preparation of this simple paper can be understood by anyone who reads it.
If only the paper that has been compiled this can be useful for the writer himself and the people
who read it. Previously apologize if there are errors in making papers and words that are less
pleasing.

Denpasar, August 24 2019

Composer

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD.................................................................................................................................. i

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. ii

CHAPTER I .................................................................................................................................. 1

PRELIMINARY ........................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Background .......................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Problem Formulation.......................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Purpose ................................................................................................................................. 1

1.4 The Benefits of Writing ...................................................................................................... 2

CHAPTER II ................................................................................................................................. 3

DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................ 3

2.1 Definition of Human Rights ............................................................................................... 3

2.2 Method of H an association Between Humans ................................................................. 4

2.3 Types of Professional Organizations ................................................................................. 7

2.4 Relationships Between Professions .................................................................................. 11

CHAPTER III ............................................................................................................................. 13

COVER ........................................................................................................................................ 13

3.1 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................ 13

3.2 Suggestions ......................................................................................................................... 13

BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................... 14

ii
 CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

1.1 Background
Humans are social creatures in order to survive, there must be socialialism or contact
with other humans and this cannot be avoided, absolutely must be done by humans, especially in
the present time. The relationship between humans and human relations actually has a different
understanding. In every form of relationship, human relations dominate more than human
relations. In terms of relations between humans not only in their form, but also in terms of their
nature, time, manner of speech, attitude, behavior, personality, and various psychological aspects
that exist in human beings. Profession is said uptake of a word in the language of English
"profess" , which in the language of Greece is "Ε παγγελια" , which means : " Promise to fulfill
obligations perform a task specifically in fixed or permanent ". The profession is also a job that
requires training and mastery of a specific knowledge . A profession usually has a professional
association , a code of ethics , and a certification and licensing process that is specific to that
professional field. Examples of the profession is in the fields of law , medicine , finance ,
military , engineering designers , energy educators .

1.2 Problem Formulation

1. Any understanding of the relationship between humans ?
2. What are the methods of human relations ?
3. What are the various professional organizations?
4. How is the relationship between professions?

1.3 Purpose
1. In order know the meaning of association between humans .
2. To be able to know the method of association between human
3. In order to know the various professional organizations.
4. In order to know the relationship between professions.

1
1.4 The benefits of writing

The benefits of writing this paper are expected that students can add insight and knowledge
about Human Relations (Human Rights) and Professional Cooperation and in particular for
nutritionists can apply in public life.

2
 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1 Definition of Human Rights

Human relations or human rights are the ability to recognize a person's personality,
behavior, behavior. The scope of human relations in the broadest sense is the interaction
between one person and another in a life to obtain satisfaction. In this case trying to find,
identify problems and discuss them to find solutions. Relations between humans is an
implementation of skills in which a person learns to connect themselves with their social
environment.

Some Understanding of Human Rights (Human Relations) according to some experts:

1. Cabot and Kahl (1967)

Human rights is a concrete sociology because it examines life situations, especially the
problem of interaction with influence and psychological. Thus, interactions result in and
produce mutual adjustments that include skills in adjusting to new situations.
2. H. Bonner (1975)
Interaction is the relationship between two or more human individuals and individual
behavior that affects one, changes, and improves the behavior of other individuals or vice
versa.
3. Keith Davis "Human Relations at Work"
Is the interaction between one person with others in work situations and in work
organizations. In terms of leadership, those who are responsible in a group are the
interactions of people towards work situations that motivate them to work together
productively, so that economic , psychological and social satisfaction is achieved .
4. Ferdinand Tonnies
Stating that humans in society have two types of relationships, namely:
(1) Gemeinscaft , the things experienced by other people are felt as happened to him
by his friendship which is very close. Static, personal, irrational. (2) Gessellscaft
,association that considers the advantages and disadvantages so that members are
free in and out of the group .

3
 The purpose of human relations is to achieve a harmonious life in which each person
cooperates with each other by adjusting to one another, and utilizing knowledge about social and
psychological factors. In human adjustment so that this adjustment occurs in harmony and
harmony, with the least tension and opposition possible.
This is because in the community / social environment, everyone has different interests and
expectations or competes with each other. The success of human relations as a result of not
ignoring courtesy, hospitality, respectful respect for and respect for others and ethical factors.
Good human relations will overcome communication barriers, prevent misunderstanding and
develop constructive aspects of human nature that are influenced by nature and the environment
The other objectives of Human Relations are:
1. Utilizing knowledge about social and psychological factors in human adjustment
so that harmony and harmony occur, with minimal conflict.
2. Meet the needs of one individual with another.
3. Acquire new knowledge and information .
4. Foster an attitude of cooperation.
5. Eliminating the selfish attitude / truest.
6. Avoiding being stagnant because "humans are homo sociuscreatures "; change the
attitudes and behavior of yourself and others and provide assistance.

2.2 Method of H an association Between Humans

Human relations in their activities there are techniques to help overcome or solve
problems that occur in a person. The success of a consultation will be achieved if the counselor
truly understands the counselee's Frame of Reference which includes experience, knowledge,
religion, and outlook on life because it is filled with aspects of feelings.

Human relations can be done to eliminate communication barriers, eliminate

misunderstandings, and develop constructive aspects of human nature (RF Mailer). In human
relationships seen from the approach ( approach ) counseling can be divided into two types,
namely Directive Counseling (direct directed counseling) and Non Directive Counseling
(directed directed counseling).

4
 1. Directive Counseling / Counselor Centered Approach is counseling whose
approach is centered on the counselor, where the main activity lies with the counselor.
The steps are :
 Maintaining a close relationship with the counselee so that trust grows. A
close relationship can we start at the beginning of the meeting, we greet clients,
we introduce ourselves, be open, and eliminate super attitude.
 Looking for information on problems faced by the counselee with
questions. Questions asked should be open questions, so the counselee will
explore feelings or problems.
 Analyzing information, the data we get from our counselee analyzes,
especially the main and non-disclosures, information honesty, etc.
 Understand the problem faced by the counselee and diagnose it.
 Interpret information.
 Give advice and segesti

2. Non Directive Counseling (directed indirect counseling)

Is an approach that is centered on the counselee, can be used by counselors who are not
very knowledgeable about psychology. In this counseling the main activity on the counselee, so
the counselor only helps so that the counselee can lead himself and feel free to express his heart
without any compulsion. The things that must be considered by counselors in conducting Non-
Directive Counseling:
 Get rid of super attitude or feel more.
 Counselors should not feel themselves smarter than counselees.
 Problems are reviewed from the counselee's basis.
 The problem faced must be seen from the perspective of the counselee, the
counselor should not give advice or advice, but help the counselee solve the
problem. Think as if in the client's position.

5
  Being apatik to problems counselees ng : Gives counselees ng more active, the
counselor being a good listener, and to be more passive, let counselees tell and
reveal the problem and finally just point counselor.

Mechanical relationship between humans are divided into :

1. Social Actions
According to Max Weber, social action is the action of an individual that can affect other
individuals in society . Social actions can be divided into :
1. The act rationally instrumental: actions that take into conformity between means and
objectives or the efficiency with effectiveness .
2. The act rationally berepresatigrades : action that relates to the value of the base in the
community .
3. Actions traditional : the actions were carried out based on the consideration of indigenous
customs or habits .
4. Measures affective : actions that do a person or group based on feelings or emotions .
2. Social Contact
Social contact is a relationship between one party and another party which is the initial
occurrence of social interaction .
Social contacts are distinguished :
 How the parties are communicating ; either directly or not directly .
 How it happened ; primary contact and secondary contact .

3. Social communication
Process Communication occurs when the contact social underway . In literal communication is a
relationship or association with others.

6
2.3 Types of professional organizations

LIST OF TYPES OF HEALTH AND PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

IN INDONESIA

NO Health Types of Health Professional Organization

Workers Workers
Group

1 Medical DOCTOR IDA Indonesian Doctors

personnel Association (IDA)

2 Medical DENTIST IDA Indonesian Dentist

personnel Association (IDA)

3 Nursing Staff NURSE INNA Indonesian National

Nurses Association
(INNA)

4 Nursing Staff MIDWIFE IMA Indonesian

Midwives
Association (IMA)

5 Nursing Staff DENTIST IDNA Indonesian Dental

Nurses Association
(IDNA)

6 Pharmaceutical PHARMACIST IPA Indonesian

Power Pharmacist

7
 Association (IPA)

7 Pharmaceutical PHARMACIST IPEA Indonesian

Power ASSISTANT Pharmacy Expert
Association (IPEA)

8 Community HEALTH AIE Association of

Health Workers EPIDEMIOLOGY Indonesian
Epidemiologists
(AIE)

9 Community HEALTH PEKI Indonesian Health

Health Workers ENTOMOLOGY Entomologist
Association (PEKI)

10 Community SANITARIAN HAKLI Indonesian

Health Workers Association of
Environmental
Health Experts
(HAKLI)

11 Nutrition NUTRITIONISTS INA Indonesian

Power AND DIETITIENTS Nutritionists
Association
(PERSAGI)

12 Physical Skills PHYSIOTHERAPY IPA Indonesian

Workers Physiotherapy
Association (IFI)

8
13 Physical Skills THERAPIST IOTI Indonesian
Workers OCCUPATION Occupational
Therapy
Association (IOTI)

14 Physical Skills THERAPIST IKATWI Indonesian Speech

Workers THERAPY Therapy
Association
(IKATWI)

15 Medical RADIOGRAPHY PARI Indonesian

Technical Staff Radigrafer Experts
Association (PARI)

16 Medical DENTAL PTGI Indonesian Dental

Technical Staff TECHNOLOGY Engineering
Association (PTGI)

17 Medical ELECTROMEDICAL IKATEMI Indonesian

Technical Staff TECHNICAL Electromedical
Engineering
Association
(IKATEMI)

18 Pharmaceutical PHARMACEUTICAL PATELKI Association of Ind.

Power ANALYSIS Health Laboratory
Technicians
(PATELKI)

9
19 Medical OPTICAL IROPIN Indonesian Efficient
Technical Staff REFRACTIONIST Refractionist
Association
(IROPIN)

20 Medical MEDICAL CHECK PORMIKI Perhim Profession

Technical Staff UP Medical Recording
& Information
KesInd (PORMIKI)

21 Nursing Staff NURSING IPAI Indonesian

ANASTESI Anesthesia Nursing
Association (IPAI)

22 Community HEALTH CARE PPKMI Ind. Community

Health Workers Promotion &
Education
Association
(PPKMI)

23 THERAPI HAKTI Indonesian Therapy

ACUPUNCTURE Acupuncture
Association
(HAKTI)

24 Medical PROSTETIC IPO Indonesian

Technical Staff ORTOTICS Prosthetic Orthotic
Association (IOPI)

10
 25 EXPERT MEDICAL IKAFMI Indonesian Medical
PHYSICS Physics Association
(IKAFMI)

26 Medical BLOOD IPPTDI Paramedic

Technical Staff TRANSFUSION Association of
PARAMEDICS Blood Transfusion
Technology Ind

27 Community Masysrakat Health PERSAKMI Indonesian Public

Health Workers Health Bachelor
Association

2.4 Relationships between Professions

Profession is said uptake of a jata in language English "profess", which means promise to
fulfill the obligation of committing a task specifically in fixed / permanent . Profession itself has
the meaning of a job that requires training and mastery to a knowledge and expertise specifically
.

Work is not the same as profession . The term that is easily understood by the public
layman is a profession already certainly be a job , but a job is not necessarily become a
profession . Professionals have the mechanisms and rules that must be met as a provision , while
its opposite , the work does not have a rule that complicated as it is . It is this that must be
straightened out in the community , because almost all people assume that job and profession are
the same .
In Indonesia there are various professions in health . The profession also resulted in
many health institutions, including doctors, midwives, nutritionists, public health, radiology,
technobiomedics, pharmacy, health analysts, and nurses. All these professions are required to
cooperate in carrying out the professionalism of their respective professions. For cooperation in

11
health services to be realized , all types of professions must have the desire to collaborate .
Nurses , midwives , doctors , and all professions others plan and apply the knowledge that gained
on the bench learner . Dependence between the profession was able to remain adaasalakan within
the limits of the scope of practice that is in accordance with the rules that exist . But in reality ,
the nurse profession is still considered low and the severity of some people assume that nurses
are assistants of other health professions , namely doctors .

As a result , until the time of this relationship collaborative nurse-physician still much
discussed . Barriers to collaboration between doctors and nurses are often found at the
professional and institutional level . Differences in status and power remain a major source of
discrepancies that limit professional standing in collaboration applications . (Nandang , 2007 ) .

12
 CHAPTER III

COVER

3.1 Conclusions

Human relations or human rights are the ability to recognize a person's personality,
behavior, behavior. The scope of human relations in the broadest sense is the interaction between
one person and another in a life to obtain satisfaction. Methods method of relationship between
humans Mechanical relationship between humans are divided into : Measures Social , Contacts
Social , Communications Social . Some kind of organization profession among others:
DOCTOR IDI Indonesian Doctors Association (IDI) , DENTIST recognizesPersatua n Dentist
Indonesia (recognizes) , Power Nutrition nutritionist AND DIETISIEN Nutritionist Association
of Indonesia (PERSAGI) etc . For cooperation in health services to be realized , all types of
professions must have the desire to collaborate . Nurses , midwives , doctors , and all professions
others plan and apply the knowledge that gained on the bench learner . Dependence between the
profession was able to remain adaasalakan within the limits of the scope of practice that is in
accordance with the rules that exist .

3.2 Suggestions
Thus this paper we made, of course there are still many shortcomings and mistakes. For
this reason, we expect constructive criticism and suggestions for the readers to be perfect in this
paper. Hopefully this paper can be a reference to improve the next papers and useful for readers
especially for us

13
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://chalouiss.blogspot.com/2012/10/pengertian-dan-tujuan-ham-hubungan.html

https://www.lusa.web.id/hubungan-antar-manusia-human-relation/

https://psikologi-komunikasi.blogspot.com/2014/05/teknik-teknik-hubungan-antar-
manusia.htmldiaksespada 25 agustus 2019

https://www.lusa.web.id/hubungan-antar-manusia-human-relation/diaksespada 25 agustus
2019

https://ismanefy.blogspot.com/2013/11/hubungan-antar-manusia.htmldiaksespada 25
agustus 2019

14